PMU Application in Out-of-Step Protection

Transcription

1 G.N.Taranto 1/8 Rio de Janeiro 2nd International Workshop PMU Application in Out-of-Step Protection Glauco N. Taranto COPPE/UFRJ Programa de Engenharia Elétrica

2 G.N.Taranto 2/8 References 2 APPLICATION IN THE URUGUAYAN POWER SYSTEM R. Franco, C. Sena, G. N. Taranto & A. Giusto, Using Synchrophasors for Controlled Islanding A Prospective Application in the Uruguayan Power System, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, APPLICATION IN THE BRAZILIAN POWER SYSTEM A. L. B. do Bomfim, M. G. Leal & G. N. Taranto, Detecção de Oscilação de Potência e Perda de Sincronismo Utilizando Sincrofasores Aplicação no Sistema Acre-Rondônia, XXII SNPTEE, Brasília, 2013.

3 G.N.Taranto 3/8 Motivation The Uruguayan Power System Peak load of 1.7 GW (80% in great Montevideo) Gen. capacity 2.6 GW (53% hydro, 47% thermal) Hydro generation mostly in the North Thermal generation concentrated in South

4 G.N.Taranto 4/8 Motivation (cont.) Outages in two 500 kv lines (Palmar Montevideo) Can lead the system to a complete blackout Fast controlled N-S separation by opening the 150 kv network, plus fast load shedding in the South

5 G.N.Taranto 5/8 Objective The comparison of three emergency protection strategies to maintain the system in operation with the smallest amount of load curtailment.

6 G.N.Taranto 6/8 Distance Protection and Power System Stability EA VC VD EB 0 ZA IL ZL ZB Z V I C L Z A Z L Z B k k k cos 2 cos jsin sin 2 Z A k E A E B

7 G.N.Taranto 7/8 Power Swing Detection Electrical Center (EC) Power Swing Blocking (PSB)

8 G.N.Taranto 8/8 The Strategies Strategy #0 Load shedding in the South subsystem Strategy #1 Controlled Islanding and load shedding with local measurements Strategy #2 Controlled Islanding and load shedding with synchrophasor measurements

9 G.N.Taranto 9/8 Strategy #0 This is the strategy in operation today; The system remains connected in one synchronous island through the 150 kv network; A very large amount of load is shed.

10 G.N.Taranto 10/8 Strategy #1 Islanding scheme (IS) applied to pre-selected network locations, preferably near the electrical center. IS performed by installing OST functions in the distance (21) relays of preselected locations;

11 G.N.Taranto 11/8 Strategy #1 Islanding scheme (IS) applied to pre-selected network locations, preferably near the electrical center. IS performed by installing OST functions in the distance (21) relays of preselected locations;

12 G.N.Taranto 12/8 Strategy #1 Islanding scheme (IS) applied to pre-selected network locations, preferably near the electrical center. IS performed by installing OST functions in the distance (21) relays of preselected locations;

13 G.N.Taranto 13/8 Strategy #1 Islanding scheme (IS) applied to pre-selected network locations, preferably near the electrical center. IS performed by installing OST functions in the distance (21) relays of preselected locations; A less amount of load is shed.

14 G.N.Taranto 14/8 Strategy #2 Controlled Islanding and load shedding with synchrophasor measurements Power Swing Detection (PSD) and Predictive Out-Of-Step Tripping (OOST) algorithms patented by Guzman-Casillas and Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. (SEL).

15 G.N.Taranto 15/8 Strategy #2 Controlled Islanding and load shedding with synchrophasor measurements Power Swing Detection (PSD) and Predictive Out-Of-Step Tripping (OOST) algorithms patented by Guzman-Casillas and Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. (SEL).

16 G.N.Taranto 16/8 Strategy #2 Controlled Islanding and load shedding with VPalmar synchrophasor measurements Power Swing Detection (PSD) and Predictive Out-Of-Step Tripping (OOST) algorithms patented VMontevideo by Guzman-Casillas and Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. (SEL).

17 G.N.Taranto 17/8 Strategy #2 Controlled Islanding and load shedding with VPalmar synchrophasor measurements Power Swing Detection (PSD) and Predictive Out-Of-Step Tripping (OOST) algorithms patented VMontevideo by Guzman-Casillas and Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. (SEL).

18 Strategy #2 Controlled Islanding and load shedding with VPalmar synchrophasor measurements Power Swing Detection (PSD) and Predictive Out-Of-Step Tripping (OOST) algorithms patented VMontevideo by Guzman-Casillas and Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories, Inc. (SEL). A lesser amount of load is shed. G.N.Taranto 18/8

19 G.N.Taranto 19/8 The Fundamentals of SEL s Patent (θpalmar θmontevideo) = δ Utilizes: Displacement δ Speed Acceleration δ or S δ or A δ x δ plot

20 G.N.Taranto 20/8 SEL s Patent PSD

21 G.N.Taranto 21/8 SEL s Patent PSD

22 G.N.Taranto 22/8 SEL s Patent OOST

23 G.N.Taranto 23/8 Quantitative Analysis of Transient Response in the A-S Plane dd A [Hz/s] m2 m1 z3 z2 z1 s0 s1 s2 m0 S [Hz] M1 M2 A [Hz/s] M3 m0 z1 s0 S [Hz]

24 G.N.Taranto 24/8 Simulation Results The scenario under study is one with maximum thermal generation with some hydro units in service. The scenario assumes that one of the 500 kv Palmar-Montevideo TL is out of service and a 3-phase fault occurs at the remaining 500 kv line in the Montevideo end. The clearance times used were: t=60ms (3 cycles) for the near end t=80ms (4 cycles) for the far end

25 G.N.Taranto 25/8 Simulation Results for Strategy #1

26 G.N.Taranto 26/8 A [Hz/s] Simulation Results for Strategy # A B 1 C D F 0 O -1-2 E S [Hz]

27 G.N.Taranto 27/8 Load Shedding Strategy #0 Strategy #1 Strategy #2 600 MVA 500 MVA 420 MVA 100 % 82 % 70 % 1/3 of Uruguay total load

28 G.N.Taranto 28/8 Application in the Brazilian System Termonorte II VJi-Paraná VPimenta Bueno

29 G.N.Taranto 29/8 Application in the Brazilian System Termonorte II Atuação da proteção por perda de sincronismo Perda da UTE Termonorte II Perda da LT P.Velho-Abunã

30 Ângulo (rad) Application in the Brazilian System 50,9 33,7 Média 16,6-0,5 Pesada PPS Convencional PPS com PMU -17,7 0 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, Tempo (s) G.N.Taranto 30/8

31 G.N.Taranto 31/8 Conclusions (1/2) The paper presented two strategies for controlled islanding of the Uruguayan power system: one using only local measurements and the other using synchrophasors. Simulation results showed that controlled islanding of the North-South tie with fast load shedding with both strategies performed significantly better than the current utility practice. The necessary load shedding was reduced by 18% when the PSB-OST scheme (using only local signals) was utilized, and by 30% when the OOST scheme (using synchrophasor measurements).

32 G.N.Taranto 32/8 Conclusions (2/2) The strategy that uses synchrophasor measurements is more attractive since it is able to curtail less amount of load, due to its predictive capability. However, the strategy that uses only local signals should not be discarded since it provides a simple and cost-effective solution to the problem. It also has the advantage that it can be implemented with the current protection system already in place, besides being a backup for the synchrophasor-based OOS protection scheme.

33 G.N.Taranto 33/8 Rio de Janeiro THANK YOU!