Songtan, Korea FM Radio Log

Transcription

1 Songtan, Korea FM Radio Log by Chris Kadlec

2 Songtan FM Radio Log Index 1. FM Radio Log User's Guide Page 2 2. FM Radio Log Introduction Page 2 3. FM Radio Log Thank You Page 3 4. FM Radio Log Cover Photo Page 3 5. Complete FM Station Log: Tropo Page 4 6. Complete FM Station Log: E-Skip Page 7 7. FM Reception by Distance: Tropo Page FM Reception by Distance: E-Skip Page Songtan Detailed Daily FM Logs Page The Samsung Yepp Q2 Tuner Page Station Name Changes Page Station Location and Power: Tropo Page Station Location and Power: E-Skip Page Project Document Fonts Page The Best of China & E-Skip Station Guide Page 115 Fun Radio Facts! 1. What is Tropospheric Propagation? Page What I Learned from Tuning in Chinese Radio Page The Original Chinese Station Log Page Which formats do Chinese stations broadcast? Page Taking Advantage of Coastal Propagation Page Line-of-Sight Propagation & Curvature of the Earth Page What is E-Skip Propagation? (Part 1) Page From Start to Finish: Logging Chinese Stations Page A Brief Background of Shandong Province Page What is E-Skip Propagation? (Part 2) Page Some Log Statistics to Consider Page Xuzhou TV Tower, Qingdao TV Tower Page About Me: Chris Kadlec Page 96 Log User's Guide The following log is colour-coded for easier comprehension. For stations, three colours are utilized for those received via tropospheric propagation indicating how common they are, while another two colours are used for E-skip stations, dark red for regular E-skip and dark blue for double-hop E-skip. In addition, in the daily text logs, reception time is shown in red, IDs are shown in green, while songs are shown in light blue. " * " indicates the station was received on seek Station is most common and is easily received with little effort Station is less common but not especially rare and can be strong Station is not common due to either adjacent locals or distance Introduction Hello. I'm Chris Kadlec, a US-born radio hobbyist, photographer, and urban explorer and this is my radio log. Arriving in Korea in 2009, I never imagined I'd pass many hundreds of hours of my free time in Korea by standing beside a tree on a wooded hill listening to Chinese radio. In fact, hearing China was unthinkable my first year in Korea, where I lived in inland Icheon, about 30 miles (48 km.) southeast of Seoul. Japan was blocked by high mountains and I was too far from the water for China. I could barely understand Korean at that point, nor was I yet totally familiar with my own local stations because of that language barrier. However, the spring of 2011 brought a move to Songtan, a former city now part of Pyeongtaek, 30 miles south of Seoul, and I coincidentally lived right beside the perfect little hill, part of a city neighbourhood park that for some time even had lights on after dark. The park's elevated position just 17 miles (27 km.) from the sea gave line-of-sight to stations from Liaoning to Zhejiang, a total of more than 800 miles (1300 km.) of coastline as well as high inland mountains. Listening to the radio at this site proved some of my most memorable experiences while living in Korea. Not only did I learn about China's geography through radio, but also about its music, culture, and people. This log captures that brief window known as Korea's tropo season from April 15th to June 15th Page 2

3 every year, which nearly without fail peaks on Korea's June 6th Memorial Day holiday with a big opening every year. Paired with the 25+ hours of more than 850 recordings that accompany this log, one can easily explore eastern China's radio scene from home. For an introduction with additional information, see page 96. Thank You Taipei DXer / Taipei, Taiwan Jingshen Liu / Meizhou, Guangdong In the spring of 2012, with 14 hours of unresolved audio and about one hundred unorganized Chinese radio blog postings floating about on my computer, I found a Taipei-based DXer known online as "Taipei DXer" and going by the English name Jeff. Jeff has many interesting over-water Japanese tropo catches in excess of 1,000 miles (1,600 km.), my main radio interest. Simply put, without Jeff, this log may never have gotten off the ground and may not exist, many of these stations would not have been identified for years, records of tower locations would not exist, valuable identifying phone numbers would have gone unheard, and some of my most distant catches from the first two years would be nothing more than a backlog of mysterious audio files on my computer. Jeff spent countless hours of his own time listening to six hours of my toughest audio clips in the summer of 2012 and the spring of He gave me detailed information I could not have obtained anywhere else, which not only identified many of the stations I had heard from afar, but also gave me insight into the discussions, ads, and content of the Chinese stations I'd so often hear. Many of the details of these stations in this log from are courtesy of him. Taking his place for all clips between 2013 and 2016 was Jingshen Liu ( 刘敬深 ) based in Meizhou, Guangdong ( 梅州, 广东省 ). Funny but true, I had heard his local station by E-skip one day and he had the joy of identifying it for me, which a Chinese tourist had also done briefly while in Seoul the same day I heard it. Jingshen would later go on to help with translations as part of a collaboration series of YouTube videos using my Chinese AM station audio in 2017 as part of my Seoul AM Radio Listening Guide project. He listened to hours of my FM audio, much of it distant E-skip with some tropo, and pulled out phone numbers, ads, and local content no other listeners took the time or effort to hear, all while being a busy student. Because of his good ears, as many as 40+ stations were IDed or confirmed where they may otherwise have been lost. In addition to the help of these two, who between the two of them listened to more than 12 hours of audio, the owner of the now-defunct 力之声 Power FM blog, a Shandong-based radio blog, was absolutely essential in providing initial technical details and name changes of the majority of Shandong stations in this log for the first few years. There were originally worries about government interference in his blog, and eventually the blog, with all its valuable information, disappeared. In addition, thank you also to 挚爱广播, 韦维 of Zhanjiang, Guangdong ( 湛江, 广东省 ), Batchuka Bodonguud of Mongolia, and my friend Ais Musabaeva of Kyrgyzstan, all of whom provided some additional assistance along with Chinese WeChat users and GTRK Chita (ГТРК Чита). While I now know Shandong like the back of my hand, can easily recognize the Chinese characters for radio terms, cities, and station names, have learned my numbers in Mandarin and can, with little effort, identify stations myself these days, I cannot ignore the helpful efforts of these fellow Chinese radio geeks who assisted me so much over the years! Cover Photo The cover photo was taken from the exact spot I stood in to hear these stations in Songtan. This log is dedicated to the tree beside which I stood for five years. You protected me from bugs and rain and gave me something to lean on when I grew tired of standing outside holding my radio up on the hill. This guide was published and edited by Chris Kadlec, 1 April For more on radio from Chris Kadlec: Page 3

4 Songtan, Korea: Complete FM Station Log Location: 37 03'30.54"N '51.80"E (188 feet / 57 meters) Tropospheric Propagation Log Stations Received: 100 Total SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong Satellite TV 山东卫视 (380 mi. / 612 km.) ZJ Hangzhou 浙江杭州 / Zhejiang Satellite TV 浙江卫视 (617 mi. / 993 km.) 87.5 JS Huai'an 江苏淮安 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 (512 mi. / 824 km.) 87.6 LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Liaoning Economic R. 辽宁广播电视台经济广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) 87.7 SD Wendeng 山东文登 / Wendeng Music Story Ch. 文登音乐故事频道 (276 mi. / 444 km.) *87.9 SH Shanghai 上海上海 / HitFM 劲曲调频 (514 mi. / 827 km.) *88.1 SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Rizhao Traffic Life R. 日照交通生活广播 (442 mi. / 711 km.) *88.2 JS Yancheng 江苏盐城 / Yancheng Classical FM 盐城广播电视台经典调频 (467 mi. / 752 km.) *89.4 SD Rizhao 山东日照 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (442 mi. / 711 km.) 89.9 SH Shanghai 上海上海 / Shanghai East City R. 东方都市广播 (512 mi. / 824 km.) *90.2 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang New Rural R. 连云港人民广播电台新农村广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 90.3 SD Yishan 山东沂山 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (473 mi. / 761 km.) 90.4 ZJ Ningbo 浙江宁波 / Ningbo Everyone R. 宁波人民广播电台老年与少儿广播 (608 mi. / 978 km.) 90.6 LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Liaoning Information R. 辽宁广播电视台资讯广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) 90.7 SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai Music Fashion Channel 威海音乐时尚频道 (275 mi. / 443 km.) *91.5 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Simul R. 青岛人民广播电台音乐体育广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 92.0 SD Changle 山东昌乐 / Changle Voice of the City 昌乐广播电台都市之声 (455 mi. / 732 km.) 92.6 SD Huangdao 山东黄岛 / Qingdao City Life R. 青岛西海岸城市生活广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) *92.7 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang Traffic R. 连云港交通电台 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 92.8 SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Yantai Economic Radio 烟台经济广播 (313 mi. / 504 km.) 92.8 SD Mengshan 山东蒙山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (524 mi. / 844 km.) *92.9 SD Changle 山东昌乐 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播音乐频道 (455 mi. / 732 km.) 93.4 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 93.4 SH Shanghai 上海上海 / Shanghai People's Radio 上海人民广播电台 (512 mi. / 824 km.) *93.6 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 93.7 JS Nanjing 江蘇南京 / Jiangsu News Radio 江苏新闻广播 (586 mi. / 943 km.) 94.8 SD Haiyang 山东海阳 / Yantai Music Radio 烟台音乐广播 (327 mi. / 526 km.) 94.9 BU Busan 부산부산 / HLDN-FM / TBN Gyotong Busan 부산교통방송 (173 mi. / 278 km.) 94.9 SD Dongying 山東東營 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (463 mi. / 745 km.) 95.0 SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Rizhao News Comprehensive R. 日照新闻综合广播 (442 mi. / 711 km.) Page 4

5 95.2 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Story Radio 青岛电台故事广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 95.3 SD Zhaoyuan 山东招远 / Yantai Traffic Radio 烟台交通广播 (363 mi. / 584 km.) 95.3 JS Wuxi 江苏无锡 / Jiangsu Traffic Radio 江苏交通广播 (542 mi. / 872 km.) 95.6 SD Huangdao 山东黄岛 / West Coast Wealth Music R. 青岛西海岸财富音乐广播 (406 mi. / 653 km.) 95.6 LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Dalian New Town Radio 大连新城乡广播 (340 mi. / 547 km.) 96.0 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Jiangsu News Radio 江苏新闻广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) *96.1 SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai Story Radio 威海广播故事广播 (275 mi. / 443 km.) 96.4 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Private Car Radio 青岛私家车广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 96.7 SD Yishan 山东沂山 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (473 mi. / 761 km.) 96.9 SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Shandong Rural R. 山东广播电视台乡村广播 (314 mi. / 505 km.) 96.9 JS Sheyang 江苏射阳 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (449 mi. / 723 km.) *97.1 SD Changle 山东昌乐 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (455 mi. / 732 km.) 97.1 SD Qixia 山东栖霞 / Qixia People's Radio 栖霞人民广播电台 (339 mi. / 546 km.) 97.2 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 97.5 SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Shandong Life Info R. 山东广播电视台生活信息广播 (314 mi. / 505 km.) 97.7 SH Shanghai 上海上海 / First Financial R. 东广第一财经广播 (512 mi. / 824 km.) 97.9 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (363 mi. / 584 km.) 97.9 SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) 98.2 SD Taishan 山东泰山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (556 mi. / 895 km.) *98.3 JS Rugao 江苏如皋 / Rugao Car Radio 如皋汽车广播 (491 mi. / 790 km.) *98.6 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 98.6 SD Zhaoyuan 山东招远 / Yantai News Comprehensive Radio 烟台新闻综合广播 (363 mi. / 584 km.) 98.8 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 98.9 SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Shandong Life Info R. 山东广播电视台生活信息广播 (442 mi. / 711 km.) 99.0 SH Shanghai 上海上海 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (512 mi. / 824 km.) 99.5 SD Huangdao 山东黄岛 / Qingdao Economic Happy 603 青岛经济广播快乐 603 (406 mi. / 653 km.) *99.6 SD Changle 山东昌乐 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (455 mi. / 732 km.) 99.6 JS Yancheng 江蘇盐城 / Yancheng News Radio 盐城广播新闻台 (467 mi. / 752 km.) *100.1 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) *100.1 SH Shanghai 上海上海 / CRI EZFM 轻松调频 (514 mi. / 827 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Happy 603 青岛经济广播快乐 603 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Laixi 山东莱西 / Laixi People's R. 莱西人民广播电台 (363 mi. / 584 km.) LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Dalian Traffic Radio 大连交通广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) *101.1 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Jiangsu Traffic Radio 江苏交通广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) *101.3 SD Yishan 山东沂山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (473 mi. / 761 km.) Page 5

6 101.4 SD Haiyang 山东海阳 / Yantai News Comprehensive R. 烟台新闻综合广播 (327 mi. / 526 km.) *101.7 SD Jimo 山东即墨 / Jimo News Traffic Radio 即墨新闻交通广播 (371 mi. / 597 km.) SH Shanghai 上海上海 / Dynamic 101 上海动感 101 (512 mi. / 824 km.) *102.1 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang Comprehensive R. 连云港综合广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Yantai Traffic Art Radio 烟台交通文艺广播 (313 mi. / 504 km.) SH Shanghai 上海崇明岛 / CRI News Radio 环球资讯广播 (489 mi. / 787 km.) *102.9 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Radio 青岛经济广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Yantai Traffic Radio 烟台交通广播 (314 mi. / 505 km.) SD Changle 山东昌乐 / Shandong Rural R. 山东广播电视台乡村广播 (455 mi. / 732 km.) *103.3 LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Dalian News Radio 大连电台新闻广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) JS Xuzhou 江苏徐州 / Xuzhou Traffic Radio 徐州交通广播 (589 mi. / 948 km.) *103.8 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Rizhao Art Sports R. 日照文艺体育广播 (442 mi. / 711 km.) *104.1 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 [RDS] (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Haiyang 山东海阳 / Yantai Economic Radio 烟台经济广播 (327 mi. / 526 km.) JS Nanjing 江蘇南京 / Nanjing Sports Radio 南京体育广播 (591 mi. / 951 km.) *104.4 SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) SD Yishan 山东沂山 / Shandong Life Info R. 山东广播电视台生活信息广播 (473 mi. / 761 km.) *104.8 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang Story R. 山东生活信息广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) *105.1 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Huangdao 山东黄岛 / Shandong Life Info R. 山东广播电视台生活信息广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) PY Pyongyang 평양모란봉 / Pyongyang FM 평양 FM 방송 (155 mi. / 249 km.) *105.5 SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (442 mi. / 711 km.) *105.7 SH Shanghai 上海上海 / Shanghai Traffic Radio 上海交通广播 (512 mi. / 824 km.) SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Yantai Economic Radio 烟台经济广播 (314 mi. / 505 km.) *105.9 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Jiangsu Health R. 江苏健康广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) *106.6 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播音乐频道 (363 mi. / 584 km.) *106.6 SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播音乐频道 (390 mi. / 628 km.) LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Dalian Children's Radio 大连少儿广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) SD Zibo 山东淄博 / Zibo Private Car Radio 淄博私家车广播 (503 mi. / 810 km.) SD Jiaozhou 山东胶州 / Jiaozhou Private Car Radio 胶州汽车广播 (398 mi. / 641 km.) SD Wendeng 山东文登 / Wendeng People's Radio 文登人民广播电台 (276 mi. / 444 km.) *107.3 SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (275 mi. / 443 km.) SD Rongcheng 山东榮成 / Rongcheng People's R. 荣成人民广播电台 (256 mi. / 412 km.) *107.6 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao News Radio 青岛广播新闻频率 (380 mi. / 612 km.) Page 6

7 E-Skip Propagation Log Stations Received: 79 Total AMU Belogorsk Амурская Белогорск / R. Rossii Радио России Амур (957 mi. / 1540 km.) YEV Birobidzhan Еврейская Биробиджан / R. Rossii Радио России Бира (862 mi. / 1387 km.) AMU Skovorodino Аму. Сковородино / R. Rossii Радио России Сковородино (1176 mi. / 1893 km.) AMU Svobodny Амурская Свободный / R. Rossii Радио России Амур (990 mi. / 1593 km.) SAK Poronaysk Сахалинская Поронайск / R. Rossii Радио России Сахалин (1116 mi. / 1796 km.) [3] ZAB Aginskoye Забайкальский Агинское / R. Rossii Радио России Чита (1148 mi. / 1848 km.) KHA Chegdomyn Хаб. Чегдомын / R. Rossii Радио России Дальневосточная (1016 mi. / 1635 km.) 70.4 SAK Uglegorsk Сахалинская Углегорск / R. Rossii Радио России Сахалин (1071 mi. / 1724 km.) [3] ZAB Krasnokamensk Забайкальский Краснокаменск / R. Rossii Радио России Чита (1004 mi. / 1616 km.) 72.8 KHA Khabarovsk Хаб. Хабаровск / R. Rossii Радио России Дальневосточная (889 mi. / 1431 km.) 76.1 IW Shiwa 岩手紫波 / JOQU-FM / FM Iwate エフエム岩手 (780 mi. / 1255 km.) 77.1 MG Sendai 宮城仙台 / JOJU-FM / Date FM デイトエフエム (761 mi. / 1225 km.) SN Xi'an 陕西西安 / Shaanxi Satellite TV 陕西卫视 (1037 mi. / 1669 km.) 87.5 ZJ Linhai 浙江临海 / Taizhou News Radio FM98.7 台州新闻综合频道 (671 mi. / 1080 km.) 87.5 FJ Xiamen 福建厦门 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 (1016 mi km. / 1084 mi km.) [4] 87.5 NM Bayan Nur 内蒙古巴彦淖尔 / Inner Mongolia Music R. 内蒙古人民广播电台音乐之声 (1087 mi. / 1749 km.) 87.7 HL Suihua 黑龙江绥化 / Suihua Storytelling Radio 绥化评书广播 (659 mi. / 1061 km.) 87.7 NM Sonid Youqi 内蒙古苏尼特右旗 / Inner Mongolia Mong. Compreh. R. 内蒙古电台蒙古语综合广播 (859 mi. / 1382 km.) 87.7 AMU Blagoveshchensk Амурская Благовещенск / Autoradio Авторадио (912 mi. / 1468 km.) 87.8 NM Hanggin 内蒙古杭锦 / Inner Mongolia Compreh. Chinese R. 内蒙古电台汉语综合广播 (1012 mi. / 1629 km.) 87.8 NM Xilinhot 内蒙古锡林浩特 / Inner Mongolia Rural Pastoral R. 内蒙古人民广播电台农村牧区广播 (747 mi. / 1202 km.) 88.1 HN Yiyang 湖南益阳 / Yiyang Traffic R. Car 881 益阳交通频道汽车 881 (1036 mi. / 1667 km.) *88.1 FJ Quanzhou 福建泉州 / Quanzhou Music Radio 泉州电台音乐之声 (1079 mi. / 1736 km.) [1] 88.5 FJ Xiamen 福建厦门 / Fujian Economic R. 福建经济电台 (1116 mi. / 1796 km.) [1] SRN Surin ส ร นทร ส ร นทร / New Life Radio Surin / 2x Es (2104 mi. / 3386 km.) 88.9 HL Mohe 黑龙江漠河 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (1116 mi. / 1796 km.) *89.3 HN Lengshuijiang 湖南冷水江 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (1107 mi. / 1782 km.) 89.3 TW Pingtung 台灣屏東 / Voice of the South 南方之音 (1125 mi. / 1811 km.) [2] 89.7 TW Taitung 台灣臺東 / Voice of Taitung 台東之聲廣播電台 (1113 mi. / 1791 km.) [2] 90.1 GX Wuming 广西武鸣 / Guangxi Private Car 930 广西教育广播私家车 930 (1450 mi. / 2334 km.) 90.4 NM Liangcheng 内蒙古凉城 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (798 mi. / 1284 km.) 90.4 FJ Quanzhou 福建泉州 / Quanzhou Traffic Radio 泉州交通广播 (1040 mi. / 1674 km.) [2] 90.5 SB Lahad Datu / RTM TraXX FM / 2x Es (2344 mi. / 3772 km.) [2] 90.9 FJ Xiamen 福建厦门 / Xiamen Music Radio 厦门音乐广播 (1085 mi. / 1746 km.) [2] Page 7

8 92.5 SX Hongtong 山西洪洞 / Shanxi Economic Radio 山西经济广播 (844 mi. / 1358 km.) 92.7 FJ Zhangzhou 福建漳州 / Zhangzhou Traffic Arts R. 漳州交通文艺广播 (1028 mi. / 1654 km.) 92.7 TW Tainan 台湾台南 / Voice of Tainan R. 台南之聲廣播電台 (1050 mi. / 1690 km.) *92.8 HN Shaoyang 湖南邵阳 / Shaoyang Music Ch. Flying 928 邵阳音乐频道飞扬 928 (1131 mi. / 1820 km.) *92.9 TW Kinmen 台灣金門 / Yes Radio 金門太武之春廣播電台 (1076 mi. / 1732 km.) [2] *92.9 TW Taichung 台灣彰化 / City FM 城市广播网 (1042 mi. / 1677 km.) [2] 94.0 FJ Xiamen 福建厦门 / Xiamen Private Car Radio 厦门电台私家车调频 (1085 mi. / 1746 km.) [2] 94.3 TW Kaohsiung 台湾高雄 / Kaohsiung Radio 高雄廣播電臺 (1057 mi. / 1701 km.) 94.8 GD Meizhou 广东梅州 / Meizhou Compreh. News R. 梅州电台综合广播 (1196 mi. / 1925 km.) [2] 94.9 FJ Xiamen 福建厦门 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (1016 mi. / 1635 km.) 95.3 GD Guangzhou 广东广州 / Guangdong Financial R. 广东广播电视台股市广播 (1329 mi. / 2139 km.) [2] 95.5 FJ Quanzhou 福建泉州 / Fujian Economic R. 福建经济电台 (972 mi. / 1564 km.) 96.2 FJ Zhangzhou 福建漳州 / Zhangzhou Comprehensive R. 漳州综合广播 (1028 mi. / 1654 km.) 96.2 GX Wuming 广西武鸣 / Guangxi Comprehensive R. 广西综合广播新闻 910 (1450 mi. / 2334 km.) 96.9 FJ Quanzhou 福建泉州 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (972 mi. / 1564 km.) *97.5 TW Kaohsiung 台灣高雄 / Happy Radio 快樂電臺 (1140 mi. / 1835 km.) [2] *97.5 TW Taoyuan 台灣桃園 / Voice of IC IC 之音竹科廣播 (976 mi. / 1571 km.) [2] 97.8 HN Xiangtan 湖南湘潭 / Xiangtan Music Life FM 乐生活调频 (1040 mi. / 1674 km.) *98.1 HE Shijiazhuang 河北石家庄 / Hebei Rural Radio 河北电台农村广播 (751 mi. / 1209 km.) [5] 98.3 HE Baoding 河北保定 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (675 mi. / 1086 km.) [5] 98.3 FJ Quanzhou 福建泉州 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 (972 mi. / 1564 km.) 98.3 GD Chaoan 广东潮安 / Chaoan People's R. Happy 98.3 潮安电台快乐 98.3 (1122 mi. / 1806 km.) 98.8 GD Huizhou 广东惠州 / Huizhou Traffic Radio 惠州交通广播 (1212 mi. / 1951 km.) 99.3 GD Shantou 广东汕头 / Shantou News Radio 汕头电台新闻资讯之声 (1127 mi. / 1814 km.) 99.6 SX Datong 山西大同 / Datong Traffic Radio 大同交通广播 (787 mi. / 1267 km.) [5] GD Jieyang 广东揭阳 / Jiedong Radio 揭东广播电台 (1124 mi. / 1809 km.) GD Jiangmen 广东江门 / Jiangmen News Comprehensive R. 江门新闻综合广播 (1304 mi. / 2099 km.) FJ Quanzhou 福建泉州 / Fujian Private Car Radio 987 私家车广播 (1040 mi. / 1674 km.) [2] *101.5 TW Miaoli 台灣苗栗 / BCC Formosa 中廣寶島網 (1017 mi. / 1637 km.) [2] TW Kaohsiung 台灣高雄 / National Education Radio 國立教育廣播電臺 (1140 mi. / 1835 km.) [2] TW Taipei 台灣臺北 / National Education Radio 國立教育廣播電臺 (949 mi. / 1527 km.) [2] *102.1 TW Taichung 台灣彰化 / BCC I Like Radio 中廣流行網 (1047 mi. / 1685 km.) [2] TW Taitung 台灣臺東 / BCC I Like Radio 中廣流行網 (1114 mi. / 1793 km.) [2] *102.3 FJ Fuzhou 福建福州 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (952 mi. / 1532 km.) [2] TW Miaoli 台灣苗栗 / Ai Miao Radio 愛苗廣播 (1003 mi. / 1614 km.) [2] Page 8

9 *102.5 TW Tainan 台灣臺南 / Ancient Capital Radio 古都廣播電台 (1119 mi. / 1801 km.) [2] GD Shantou 广东汕头 / Shantou Music Radio 汕头电台音乐广播 (1127 mi. / 1814 km.) SB Kota Belud / RTM TraXX FM / 2x Es (2288 mi. / 3682 km.) [2] HB Wuhan 湖北武汉 / Hubei Fashion Radio 湖北时尚女性广播 (860 mi. / 1384 km.) *105.5 TW Nantou 台灣南投 / Happy Radio 歡喜之聲 (1048 mi. / 1687 km.) [2] TW Yilan 台灣宜蘭 / Dongshan River Radio 冬山河廣播電台 (974 mi. / 1568 km.) [2] NM Sonid Zuoqi 内蒙古苏尼特左旗 / Xilin Gol Mongolian R. 锡林郭勒盟蒙语综合广播 (870 mi. / 1400 km.) [5] *107.1 GD Zhongshan 广东中山 / CRI News Radio 国际广播电台环球资讯广播 (1362 mi. / 2192 km.) [2] *107.1 TW Chiayi 台灣嘉義 / Chiayi Global Radio 嘉義環球廣播電台 (1074 mi. / 1728 km.) [2] *107.3 TW Kaohsiung 台灣高雄 / Voice of Han 漢聲廣播電台 [RDS] (1124 mi. / 1809 km.) [2] [1] Received from Jeongdongjin, Gangneung / 37 41'23.6"N '02.1"E [2] Received from Bonguisan, Chuncheon / 37 53'17.4"N '58.6"E [3] Received from Soyosan, Dongducheon / 37 56'17.8"N '43.3"E [4] Received from both the main site in Songtan and Chuncheon [5] Received from other sites between Gangneung and Seoul (see detailed log) Above: Shandong and Jiangsu Station Logos, / Below: Weihai Radio Banner, 2013 Page 9

10 Songtan, Korea: FM Reception by Distance Tropospheric Propagation Log Reception by Distance ZJ Hangzhou 浙江杭州 / Zhejiang Satellite TV 浙江卫视 (617 mi. / 993 km.) 90.4 ZJ Ningbo 浙江宁波 / Ningbo Everyone R. 宁波人民广播电台老年与少儿广播 (608 mi. / 978 km.) JS Nanjing 江蘇南京 / Nanjing Sports Radio 南京体育广播 (591 mi. / 951 km.) JS Xuzhou 江苏徐州 / Xuzhou Traffic Radio 徐州交通广播 (589 mi. / 948 km.) 93.7 JS Nanjing 江蘇南京 / Jiangsu News Radio 江苏新闻广播 (586 mi. / 943 km.) 98.2 SD Taishan 山东泰山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (556 mi. / 895 km.) 95.3 JS Wuxi 江苏无锡 / Jiangsu Traffic Radio 江苏交通广播 (542 mi. / 872 km.) 92.8 SD Mengshan 山东蒙山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (524 mi. / 844 km.) *87.9 SH Shanghai 上海上海 / HitFM 劲曲调频 (514 mi. / 827 km.) *100.1 SH Shanghai 上海上海 / CRI EZFM 轻松调频 (514 mi. / 827 km.) 89.9 SH Shanghai 上海上海 / Shanghai East City R. 东方都市广播 (512 mi. / 824 km.) 93.4 SH Shanghai 上海上海 / Shanghai People's Radio 上海人民广播电台 (512 mi. / 824 km.) 97.7 SH Shanghai 上海上海 / First Financial R. 东广第一财经广播 (512 mi. / 824 km.) 99.0 SH Shanghai 上海上海 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (512 mi. / 824 km.) SH Shanghai 上海上海 / Dynamic 101 上海动感 101 (512 mi. / 824 km.) *105.7 SH Shanghai 上海上海 / Shanghai Traffic Radio 上海交通广播 (512 mi. / 824 km.) 87.5 JS Huai'an 江苏淮安 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 (512 mi. / 824 km.) SD Zibo 山东淄博 / Zibo Private Car Radio 淄博私家车广播 (503 mi. / 810 km.) *98.3 JS Rugao 江苏如皋 / Rugao Car Radio 如皋汽车广播 (491 mi. / 790 km.) SH Shanghai 上海崇明岛 / CRI News Radio 环球资讯广播 (489 mi. / 787 km.) *90.2 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang New Rural R. 连云港人民广播电台新农村广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) *92.7 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang Traffic R. 连云港交通电台 (478 mi. / 769 km.) *93.6 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 96.0 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Jiangsu News Radio 江苏新闻广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 97.2 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 (478 mi. / 769 km.) *101.1 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Jiangsu Traffic Radio 江苏交通广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) *102.1 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang Comprehensive R. 连云港综合广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) *104.8 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang Story R. 山东生活信息广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) *105.9 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Jiangsu Health R. 江苏健康广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 90.3 SD Yishan 山东沂山 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (473 mi. / 761 km.) 96.7 SD Yishan 山东沂山 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (473 mi. / 761 km.) Page 10

11 *101.3 SD Yishan 山东沂山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (473 mi. / 761 km.) SD Yishan 山东沂山 / Shandong Life Info R. 山东广播电视台生活信息广播 (473 mi. / 761 km.) *88.2 JS Yancheng 江苏盐城 / Yancheng Classical FM 盐城广播电视台经典调频 (467 mi. / 752 km.) 99.6 JS Yancheng 江蘇盐城 / Yancheng News Radio 盐城广播新闻台 (467 mi. / 752 km.) 94.9 SD Dongying 山東東營 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (463 mi. / 745 km.) 92.0 SD Changle 山东昌乐 / Changle Voice of the City 昌乐广播电台都市之声 (455 mi. / 732 km.) *92.9 SD Changle 山东昌乐 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播音乐频道 (455 mi. / 732 km.) *97.1 SD Changle 山东昌乐 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (455 mi. / 732 km.) *99.6 SD Changle 山东昌乐 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (455 mi. / 732 km.) SD Changle 山东昌乐 / Shandong Rural R. 山东广播电视台乡村广播 (455 mi. / 732 km.) 96.9 JS Sheyang 江苏射阳 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (449 mi. / 723 km.) *88.1 SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Rizhao Traffic Life R. 日照交通生活广播 (442 mi. / 711 km.) *89.4 SD Rizhao 山东日照 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (442 mi. / 711 km.) 95.0 SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Rizhao News Comprehensive R. 日照新闻综合广播 (442 mi. / 711 km.) 98.9 SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Shandong Life Info R. 山东广播电视台生活信息广播 (442 mi. / 711 km.) SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Rizhao Art Sports R. 日照文艺体育广播 (442 mi. / 711 km.) *105.5 SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (442 mi. / 711 km.) 95.6 SD Huangdao 山东黄岛 / West Coast Wealth Music R. 青岛西海岸财富音乐广播 (406 mi. / 653 km.) 99.5 SD Huangdao 山东黄岛 / Qingdao Economic Happy 603 青岛经济广播快乐 603 (406 mi. / 653 km.) SD Jiaozhou 山东胶州 / Jiaozhou Private Car Radio 胶州汽车广播 (398 mi. / 641 km.) 92.6 SD Huangdao 山东黄岛 / Qingdao City Life R. 青岛西海岸城市生活广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) SD Huangdao 山东黄岛 / Shandong Life Info R. 山东广播电视台生活信息广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) 97.9 SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) *104.4 SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) *106.6 SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播音乐频道 (390 mi. / 628 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong Satellite TV 山东卫视 (380 mi. / 612 km.) *91.5 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Simul R. 青岛人民广播电台音乐体育广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 95.2 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Story Radio 青岛电台故事广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 96.4 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Private Car Radio 青岛私家车广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) *98.6 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Happy 603 青岛经济广播快乐 603 (380 mi. / 612 km.) *102.9 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Radio 青岛经济广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) *104.1 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 [RDS] (380 mi. / 612 km.) *107.6 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao News Radio 青岛广播新闻频率 (380 mi. / 612 km.) *101.7 SD Jimo 山东即墨 / Jimo News Traffic Radio 即墨新闻交通广播 (371 mi. / 597 km.) Page 11

12 100.7 SD Laixi 山东莱西 / Laixi People's R. 莱西人民广播电台 (363 mi. / 584 km.) 95.3 SD Zhaoyuan 山东招远 / Yantai Traffic Radio 烟台交通广播 (363 mi. / 584 km.) 98.6 SD Zhaoyuan 山东招远 / Yantai News Comprehensive Radio 烟台新闻综合广播 (363 mi. / 584 km.) 97.9 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (363 mi. / 584 km.) *106.6 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播音乐频道 (363 mi. / 584 km.) 95.6 LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Dalian New Town Radio 大连新城乡广播 (340 mi. / 547 km.) 97.1 SD Qixia 山东栖霞 / Qixia People's Radio 栖霞人民广播电台 (339 mi. / 546 km.) 94.8 SD Haiyang 山东海阳 / Yantai Music Radio 烟台音乐广播 (327 mi. / 526 km.) SD Haiyang 山东海阳 / Yantai News Comprehensive R. 烟台新闻综合广播 (327 mi. / 526 km.) SD Haiyang 山东海阳 / Yantai Economic Radio 烟台经济广播 (327 mi. / 526 km.) 87.6 LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Liaoning Economic R. 辽宁广播电视台经济广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) 90.6 LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Liaoning Information R. 辽宁广播电视台资讯广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Dalian Traffic Radio 大连交通广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) *103.3 LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Dalian News Radio 大连电台新闻广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Dalian Children's Radio 大连少儿广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) 96.9 SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Shandong Rural R. 山东广播电视台乡村广播 (314 mi. / 505 km.) 97.5 SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Shandong Life Info R. 山东广播电视台生活信息广播 (314 mi. / 505 km.) SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Yantai Traffic Radio 烟台交通广播 (314 mi. / 505 km.) SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Yantai Economic Radio 烟台经济广播 (314 mi. / 505 km.) 92.8 SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Yantai Economic Radio 烟台经济广播 (313 mi. / 504 km.) SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Yantai Traffic Art Radio 烟台交通文艺广播 (313 mi. / 504 km.) 93.4 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 98.8 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (292 mi. / 470 km.) *100.1 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) *103.8 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) *105.1 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 87.7 SD Wendeng 山东文登 / Wendeng Music Story Ch. 文登音乐故事频道 (276 mi. / 444 km.) SD Wendeng 山东文登 / Wendeng People's Radio 文登人民广播电台 (276 mi. / 444 km.) 90.7 SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai Music Fashion Channel 威海音乐时尚频道 (275 mi. / 443 km.) *96.1 SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai Story Radio 威海广播故事广播 (275 mi. / 443 km.) *107.3 SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (275 mi. / 443 km.) SD Rongcheng 山东榮成 / Rongcheng People's R. 荣成人民广播电台 (256 mi. / 412 km.) 94.9 BU Busan 부산부산 / HLDN-FM / TBN Gyotong Busan 부산교통방송 (173 mi. / 278 km.) PY Pyongyang 평양모란봉 / Pyongyang FM 평양 FM 방송 (155 mi. / 249 km.) Page 12

13 E-Skip Propagation Log Reception by Distance 90.5 SB Lahad Datu / RTM TraXX FM / 2x Es (2344 mi. / 3772 km.) [2] SB Kota Belud / RTM TraXX FM / 2x Es (2288 mi. / 3682 km.) [2] SRN Surin ส ร นทร ส ร นทร / New Life Radio Surin / 2x Es (2104 mi. / 3386 km.) 90.1 GX Wuming 广西武鸣 / Guangxi Private Car 930 广西教育广播私家车 930 (1450 mi. / 2334 km.) 96.2 GX Wuming 广西武鸣 / Guangxi Comprehensive R. 广西综合广播新闻 910 (1450 mi. / 2334 km.) *107.1 GD Zhongshan 广东中山 / CRI News Radio 国际广播电台环球资讯广播 (1362 mi. / 2192 km.) [2] 95.3 GD Guangzhou 广东广州 / Guangdong Financial R. 广东广播电视台股市广播 (1329 mi. / 2139 km.) [2] GD Jiangmen 广东江门 / Jiangmen News Comprehensive R. 江门新闻综合广播 (1304 mi. / 2099 km.) 98.8 GD Huizhou 广东惠州 / Huizhou Traffic Radio 惠州交通广播 (1212 mi. / 1951 km.) 94.8 GD Meizhou 广东梅州 / Meizhou Compreh. News R. 梅州电台综合广播 (1196 mi. / 1925 km.) [2] AMU Skovorodino Аму. Сковородино / R. Rossii Радио России Сковородино (1176 mi. / 1893 km.) ZAB Aginskoye Забайкальский Агинское / R. Rossii Радио России Чита (1148 mi. / 1848 km.) *97.5 TW Kaohsiung 台灣高雄 / Happy Radio 快樂電臺 (1140 mi. / 1835 km.) [2] TW Kaohsiung 台灣高雄 / National Education Radio 國立教育廣播電臺 (1140 mi. / 1835 km.) [2] *92.8 HN Shaoyang 湖南邵阳 / Shaoyang Music Ch. Flying 928 邵阳音乐频道飞扬 928 (1131 mi. / 1820 km.) 99.3 GD Shantou 广东汕头 / Shantou News Radio 汕头电台新闻资讯之声 (1127 mi. / 1814 km.) GD Shantou 广东汕头 / Shantou Music Radio 汕头电台音乐广播 (1127 mi. / 1814 km.) 89.3 TW Pingtung 台灣屏東 / Voice of the South 南方之音 (1125 mi. / 1811 km.) [2] GD Jieyang 广东揭阳 / Jiedong Radio 揭东广播电台 (1124 mi. / 1809 km.) *107.3 TW Kaohsiung 台灣高雄 / Voice of Han 漢聲廣播電台 [RDS] (1124 mi. / 1809 km.) [2] 98.3 GD Chaoan 广东潮安 / Chaoan People's R. Happy 98.3 潮安电台快乐 98.3 (1122 mi. / 1806 km.) *102.5 TW Tainan 台灣臺南 / Ancient Capital Radio 古都廣播電台 (1119 mi. / 1801 km.) [2] SAK Poronaysk Сахалинская Поронайск / R. Rossii Радио России Сахалин (1116 mi. / 1796 km.) [3] 88.9 HL Mohe 黑龙江漠河 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (1116 mi. / 1796 km.) 88.5 FJ Xiamen 福建厦门 / Fujian Economic R. 福建经济电台 (1116 mi. / 1796 km.) [1] TW Taitung 台灣臺東 / BCC I Like Radio 中廣流行網 (1114 mi. / 1793 km.) [2] 89.7 TW Taitung 台灣臺東 / Voice of Taitung 台東之聲廣播電台 (1113 mi. / 1791 km.) [2] *89.3 HN Lengshuijiang 湖南冷水江 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (1107 mi. / 1782 km.) 87.5 NM Bayan Nur 内蒙古巴彦淖尔 / Inner Mongolia Music R. 内蒙古人民广播电台音乐之声 (1087 mi. / 1749 km.) 90.9 FJ Xiamen 福建厦门 / Xiamen Music Radio 厦门音乐广播 (1085 mi. / 1746 km.) [2] 94.0 FJ Xiamen 福建厦门 / Xiamen Private Car Radio 厦门电台私家车调频 (1085 mi. / 1746 km.) [2] 87.5 FJ Xiamen 福建厦门 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 (1084 mi. / 1745 km.) [4] *88.1 FJ Quanzhou 福建泉州 / Quanzhou Music Radio 泉州电台音乐之声 (1079 mi. / 1736 km.) [1] Page 13

14 *92.9 TW Kinmen 台灣金門 / Yes Radio 金門太武之春廣播電台 (1076 mi. / 1732 km.) [2] *107.1 TW Chiayi 台灣嘉義 / Chiayi Global Radio 嘉義環球廣播電台 (1074 mi. / 1728 km.) [2] 70.4 SAK Uglegorsk Сахалинская Углегорск / R. Rossii Радио России Сахалин (1071 mi. / 1724 km.) [3] 94.3 TW Kaohsiung 台湾高雄 / Kaohsiung Radio 高雄廣播電臺 (1057 mi. / 1701 km.) 92.7 TW Tainan 台湾台南 / Voice of Tainan R. 台南之聲廣播電台 (1050 mi. / 1690 km.) *105.5 TW Nantou 台灣南投 / Happy Radio 歡喜之聲 (1048 mi. / 1687 km.) [2] *102.1 TW Taichung 台灣彰化 / BCC I Like Radio 中廣流行網 (1047 mi. / 1685 km.) [2] *92.9 TW Taichung 台灣彰化 / City FM 城市广播网 (1042 mi. / 1677 km.) [2] 90.4 FJ Quanzhou 福建泉州 / Quanzhou Traffic Radio 泉州交通广播 (1040 mi. / 1674 km.) [2] FJ Quanzhou 福建泉州 / Fujian Private Car Radio 987 私家车广播 (1040 mi. / 1674 km.) [2] 97.8 HN Xiangtan 湖南湘潭 / Xiangtan Music Life FM 乐生活调频 (1040 mi. / 1674 km.) SN Xi'an 陕西西安 / Shaanxi Satellite TV 陕西卫视 (1037 mi. / 1669 km.) 88.1 HN Yiyang 湖南益阳 / Yiyang Traffic R. Car 881 益阳交通频道汽车 881 (1036 mi. / 1667 km.) 92.7 FJ Zhangzhou 福建漳州 / Zhangzhou Traffic Arts R. 漳州交通文艺广播 (1028 mi. / 1654 km.) 96.2 FJ Zhangzhou 福建漳州 / Zhangzhou Comprehensive R. 漳州综合广播 (1028 mi. / 1654 km.) *101.5 TW Miaoli 台灣苗栗 / BCC Formosa 中廣寶島網 (1017 mi. / 1637 km.) [2] KHA Chegdomyn Хаб. Чегдомын / R. Rossii Радио России Дальневосточная (1016 mi. / 1635 km.) 87.5 FJ Xiamen 福建厦门 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 (1016 mi. / 1635 km.) [4] 94.9 FJ Xiamen 福建厦门 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (1016 mi. / 1635 km.) 87.8 NM Hanggin 内蒙古杭锦 / Inner Mongolia Compreh. Chinese R. 内蒙古电台汉语综合广播 (1012 mi. / 1629 km.) ZAB Krasnokamensk Забайкальский Краснокаменск / R. Rossii Радио России Чита (1004 mi. / 1616 km.) TW Miaoli 台灣苗栗 / Ai Miao Radio 愛苗廣播 (1003 mi. / 1614 km.) [2] AMU Svobodny Амурская Свободный / R. Rossii Радио России Амур (990 mi. / 1593 km.) *97.5 TW Taoyuan 台灣桃園 / Voice of IC IC 之音竹科廣播 (976 mi. / 1571 km.) [2] TW Yilan 台灣宜蘭 / Dongshan River Radio 冬山河廣播電台 (974 mi. / 1568 km.) [2] 95.5 FJ Quanzhou 福建泉州 / Fujian Economic R. 福建经济电台 (972 mi. / 1564 km.) 96.9 FJ Quanzhou 福建泉州 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (972 mi. / 1564 km.) 98.3 FJ Quanzhou 福建泉州 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 (972 mi. / 1564 km.) AMU Belogorsk Амурская Белогорск / R. Rossii Радио России Амур (957 mi. / 1540 km.) *102.3 FJ Fuzhou 福建福州 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (952 mi. / 1532 km.) [2] TW Taipei 台灣臺北 / National Education Radio 國立教育廣播電臺 (949 mi. / 1527 km.) [2] 87.7 AMU Blagoveshchensk Амурская Благовещенск / Autoradio Авторадио (912 mi. / 1468 km.) 72.8 KHA Khabarovsk Хаб. Хабаровск / R. Rossii Радио России Дальневосточная (889 mi. / 1431 km.) NM Sonid Zuoqi 内蒙古苏尼特左旗 / Xilin Gol Mongolian R. 锡林郭勒盟蒙语综合广播 (870 mi. / 1400 km.) [5] YEV Birobidzhan Еврейская Биробиджан / R. Rossii Радио России Бира (862 mi. / 1387 km.) HB Wuhan 湖北武汉 / Hubei Fashion Radio 湖北时尚女性广播 (860 mi. / 1384 km.) Page 14

15 87.7 NM Sonid Youqi 内蒙古苏尼特右旗 / Inner Mongolia Mong. Compreh. R. 内蒙古电台蒙古语综合广播 (859 mi. / 1382 km.) 92.5 SX Hongtong 山西洪洞 / Shanxi Economic Radio 山西经济广播 (844 mi. / 1358 km.) 90.4 NM Liangcheng 内蒙古凉城 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (798 mi. / 1284 km.) 99.6 SX Datong 山西大同 / Datong Traffic Radio 大同交通广播 (787 mi. / 1267 km.) [5] 76.1 IW Shiwa 岩手紫波 / JOQU-FM / FM Iwate エフエム岩手 (780 mi. / 1255 km.) 77.1 MG Sendai 宮城仙台 / JOJU-FM / Date FM デイトエフエム (761 mi. / 1225 km.) *98.1 HE Shijiazhuang 河北石家庄 / Hebei Rural Radio 河北电台农村广播 (751 mi. / 1209 km.) [5] 87.8 NM Xilinhot 内蒙古锡林浩特 / Inner Mongolia Rural Pastoral R. 内蒙古人民广播电台农村牧区广播 (747 mi. / 1202 km.) 98.3 HE Baoding 河北保定 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (675 mi. / 1086 km.) [5] 87.5 ZJ Linhai 浙江临海 / Taizhou News Radio FM98.7 台州新闻综合频道 (671 mi. / 1080 km.) 87.7 HL Suihua 黑龙江绥化 / Suihua Storytelling Radio 绥化评书广播 (659 mi. / 1061 km.) [1] Received from Jeongdongjin, Gangneung / 37 41'23.6"N '02.1"E [2] Received from Bonguisan, Chuncheon / 37 53'17.4"N '58.6"E [3] Received from Soyosan, Dongducheon / 37 56'17.8"N '43.3"E [4] Received from both the main site in Songtan and Chuncheon; listed twice [5] Received from other sites between Gangneung and Seoul (see detailed log) Top Left: Shandong Arts iradio 女主播 Monica, 2013 / Top Right: Shandong Economic Radio / Bottom: Weihai News Comprehensive Radio "Love City / 海上不夜城 " program Page 15

16 Songtan, Korea: Detailed Daily FM Logs June 4-5, 2011 June 4-5, / KST (Memorial Day Weekend) Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: F (16-19 C), mbar air pressure Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player Korean model, earphones wire antenna 88.1 SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Rizhao Traffic Life R. 日照交通生活广播 (442 mi. / 711 km.) 90.3 SD Yishan 山东沂山 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (473 mi. / 761 km.) 93.4 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 93.6 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 96.4 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Private Car Radio 青岛私家车广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 96.7 SD Yishan 山东沂山 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (473 mi. / 761 km.) 97.1 SD Changle 山东昌乐 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (455 mi. / 732 km.) Page 16

17 101.3 SD Yishan 山东沂山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东文艺广播娱乐调频 (473 mi. / 761 km.) SD Jimo 山东即墨 / Jimo People's Radio 即墨人民广播电台 (371 mi. / 597 km.) JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang Comprehensive R. 连云港综合广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Radio 青岛经济广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) JS Xuzhou 江苏徐州 / Xuzhou Traffic Radio 徐州交通广播 (589 mi. / 948 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao News Life Radio 青岛电台新闻生活频道 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Yishan 山东沂山 / Shandong Life Channel 山东广播电视台广播生活频道 (473 mi. / 761 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Weihai News Comprehensive Ch. 威海广播新闻综合频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Huangdao 山东黄岛 / Shandong Life Channel 山东广播电视台广播生活频道 (390 mi. / 628 km.) SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播音乐频道 (390 mi. / 628 km.) SD Wendeng 山东文登 / Wendeng People's Radio 文登人民广播电台 (276 mi. / 444 km.) SD Rongcheng 山东榮成 / Rongcheng People's R. 荣成人民广播电台 (256 mi. / 412 km.) UNID: (Es?), 94.85, 94.9, 99.2, 99.35, , (distorted), 104.3, , , And so it begins... very good GFN English Gwangju with drum 'n' bass playing rare song Ulterior Motive "Link Down" tropo indicator GFN English with increasing signal, now perfect playing The Sabres of Paradise "Ano Electro (Allegro)" first Chinese catch in null of local, which is difficult to completely eliminate; very good talk with mention of Weihai, Shandong perfect talk between two women with no TOH ID or time tones despite hearing them in the background from local near perfect CNR News with talk about China/Italy relations and a rocket CNR-1 still near perfect with news along with another station behind it that sounds distorted and sounds like a mention of " 山东广播 " but just no idea perfect with amazing strength for this usually-overmodulated distorted signal, playing 黃磊 " 橘子紅了 " into news with ID " 山东广播新闻频道 " and multiple phone numbers with call-in talk then mention of all the Shandong stations, with very minor interference far behind perfect talk or story into background music 罗文裕 " 我有多久没有对你说我爱你 " with some minor interference from very good CNR news perfect Shandong News into Zibo ad and other ads into TOH time tones, Beijing time, and ID jingle " 山东广播新闻频道 " into 山东东方 ad and into Shandong News music and ID and news perfect Yishan iradio talk perfect talk about a relationship between a man and woman with piano music in the background perfect but quiet comedy talk show with background music and laugh track terribly distorted and static-filled 余华 " 沂蒙山小调 " in null of EBS very good CityFM, 后弦 " 西廂 " into talk and 王力宏 " 花田錯 " near perfect 花儿乐队 " 嘻唰唰 " straight into 王傑 " 心痛 " without any talk or IDs PERFECT air clinic ( 空中诊疗室 ) program with a man and woman talking perfect talk about traditional Tibetan medicine with Weihai phone # Page 17

18 CityFM still in good SOLID talk between a man and woman with a moderate hum and no sign of interference or static iradio still in good unknown signal in good Shandong News still in, now very good; taking a break for a while SOLID Shandong News call-in talk show with female host very good to perfect unknown music with slightly distorted off-frequency signal, TOH time tones into " 山东广播新闻频道 " ID and ads perfect "CityFM 城市之音 " promo and brief ID jingle SOLID call-in talk show Air Clinic Room " 空中诊疗室 " with Jinan caller and phone # / very good call-in show but unable to null local, both in at once with Seoul playing Christina Perri "Jar of Hearts" with "101.3 TBS efm" ID // PERFECT 蔡依林 " 即時生效 " into ads, tropical CityFM jingle, and 李宇春 " 小朋友 " very good to perfect 谭晶 " 人生恍如梦 " into TOH time tones for network sign-off, Beijing time, 山东东方 ad, and " 山东广播新闻频道 " ID into 未知 " 阳光的温度 ( 演奏版 )" off-air music, then take a nap for a few hours SOLID network off-air music, Bandari "One Day in Spring" still SOLID signal station daily sign-on, but station breaks Bandari music for ID promo " 这里是山东广播新闻频道 " and " 山东广播帮 and back into off-air music with station mentions and IDs as part of station sign-on sequence with absolutely phenomenal strength for 455 miles, but too many stations off the air for evening, so checking back a bit later Shandong Economic with huge signal, off-air music Anthony Miles "Celestial Light" good medicine sales, probably Rongcheng but surprisingly weak compared to others weak and barely audible, but half-hour ID " 山东广播生活频道 " nonetheless improving signal, now good with 周传雄 " 快乐练习曲 " into talk though a bit messy at times and possibly two stations, the other sounding like English speech, likely EBS Cheongju PERFECT 吴克群 " 為你寫詩 " in null of local TBS efm and into talk about 吴克羣 (Kenji Wu) and into 吴克群 (same artist) " 越爱越难过 " PERFECT 韩红 " 天路 " in harder null of local (with ID and TOH tones), hearing both stations at the same time with Shandong News but mostly nulled out local, " 山东人民广播电台 " ID with mention of the different stations and into perfect call-in talk very good Shandong News // serious mess of distorted traditional music and clear 95.1 local talk; probably 94.8 Haiyang good CityFM signal MASSIVE signal playing 凤凰传奇 " 荷塘月色 " into 金巧巧 " 你是我的新郎我是你的新娘 " without talk perfect ads, one of which is for a Weihai telephone company, into talk weak signal with health advice, a little distorted; probably Zibo, but just no way to know and not expecting any ID soon, but sounds // very good to near perfect talk but very overmodulated, sounds // PERFECT call-in talk show SOLID talk with toll-free phone numbers into first part of 刘若英 " 蝴蝶 " before TOH fade out, " 徐州交通广播 " ID, time tones, Beijing time, and ads, and another ID Page 18

19 still PERFECT CNR program "Health Advice" (" 中央人民广播电台..." mention) with phone numbers , using fence as a signal booster highly distorted traditional-type music in null of 자유의소리, two unknown songs, though one is likely by Dream Voyage Performance Group; distorted on and 103.1, though probably Shandong Rural very good call-in talk in the null of local, but hard to null out local completely near perfect talk about Chinese food problems SOLID Jimo " 文学欣赏 " program with talk about Bach PERFECT 動力火車 " 無情的情書 " into half-hour ID "iradio" jingle and " 山东广播娱乐调频 " ID into an instrumental tune in null of local classical unknown station playing Umoja "Paradise Road" into Umoja "Pata Pata" though almost surely one of the two Korean stations or perhaps off-air music? strong distorted talk, maybe 99.3 or 99.4, neither frequencies common in any tropo PERFECT "The Classical Lounge" on GFN English PERFECT Shandong talk into " 山东广播新闻频道 " ID into " 山东新闻 " program very good though slightly distorted news near perfect CNR news sounding rather loud and overmodulated near perfect news with some off-frequency distortion SOLID sports news about France and 1 MINUTE of English-only interviews about Chinese tennis players with no Chinese translations... Es or just incredible tropo? very good news with " 日照广播新闻综合频道 " ID, which is actually 95.0, perhaps early morning news simulcast? very good " 时尚之旅 " program talking about Fendi, very likely Rongcheng good signal, likely Wendeng but can't be positive Fun Radio Facts! What is tropospheric propagation? Tropospheric propagation occurs during favourable atmospheric conditions that allow signals to travel abnormally long distances. Favourable conditions may include a stable high-pressure system that creates calm weather with little to no wind and a temperature inversion, meaning that the temperature of the lower atmosphere increases with elevation as opposed to decreasing, as is the norm. This can create a tropospheric duct, like a tunnel which allows signals to extend far beyond their usual range and even override local signals or create "co-channel interference," interference of local signals by distant signals. The top of these ducts acts like a solid surface from which the distant signal refracts upon and is aimed back toward the Earth instead of continuing into space as it would with usual conditions. Where open water is involved, as it is in almost all cases within this log, such ducts can stretch 1,000 miles (1,600 km.) as there is no terrain to interrupt them (see also "line-of-sight propagation" on page 54). Such conditions are very common with the changes of temperature in the spring when the water is still cold yet the air above has heated up. In Korea, this "tropo" season typically lasts a very brief two months and is controlled almost entirely by the difference between the water and air temperature. Page 19

20 June 5-6, 2011 June 5-6, KST (Memorial Day) Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: F (27-14 C), mbar air pressure Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player Korean model, earphones wire antenna 91.5 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Simul R. 青岛人民广播电台音乐体育广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 92.0 SD Changle 山东昌乐 / Changle Voice of the City 昌乐广播电台都市之声 (455 mi. / 732 km.) 92.6 SD Huangdao 山东黄岛 / Qingdao City Life R. 青岛西海岸城市生活广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) 92.7 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang Traffic R. 连云港交通电台 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 92.8 SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Yantai Economic Channel 烟台经济频道 (313 mi. / 504 km.) 93.4 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 93.6 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 94.9 SD Dongying 山東東營 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (463 mi. / 745 km.) 95.2 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Story Radio 青岛电台故事广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 96.1 SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai Story Channel 威海广播故事频道 (275 mi. / 443 km.) Page 20

21 96.4 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Private Car Radio 青岛私家车广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 96.7 SD Yishan 山东沂山 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (473 mi. / 761 km.) 97.1 SD Changle 山东昌乐 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (455 mi. / 732 km.) 97.9 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong Economic Ch. 山东广播电视台经济频道 (363 mi. / 584 km.) 97.9 SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong Economic Ch. 山东广播电视台经济频道 (390 mi. / 628 km.) 98.6 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 98.9 SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Shandong Life Channel 山东广播电视台广播生活频道 (442 mi. / 711 km.) 99.6 SD Changle 山东昌乐 / Shandong Economic Ch. 山东广播电视台经济频道 (455 mi. / 732 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic Ch. 山东广播电视台经济频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Happy 603 青岛经济广播快乐 603 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Yishan 山东沂山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东文艺广播娱乐调频 (473 mi. / 761 km.) SD Jimo 山东即墨 / Jimo People's Radio 即墨人民广播电台 (371 mi. / 597 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Radio 青岛经济广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Rizhao Art Sports R. 日照文艺体育广播 (442 mi. / 711 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao News Life Radio 青岛电台新闻生活频道 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Weihai News Comprehensive Ch. 威海广播新闻综合频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Yantai Economic Channel 烟台经济频道 (314 mi. / 505 km.) SD Zibo 山东淄博 / Zibo Economic Radio 淄博经济广播 (503 mi. / 810 km.) SD Wendeng 山东文登 / Wendeng People's Radio 文登人民广播电台 (276 mi. / 444 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao News Radio 青岛广播新闻频率 (380 mi. / 612 km.) perfect Shandong News music into call-in talk with very minor classical interference from local good to very good talk about how to save money without distortion despite off-frequency good to very good CNR talk about cellphone software and Scorpio with later CNR ID, with some interference from local perfect hotline show ( 热线电话 ) with phone # , which matches up with FM unknown station, weak on 96.1 and 96.15, likely Weihai very good " 直播山东 " program IDs with Shandong News music into news promo and news very good distorted story, unable to get a clear signal due to local good news, sounds like CNR news BLASTING CNR with ads into rocket launch sound (" 晚高峰观军情 " segment) with talk of Russia/NATO anti-terror efforts near perfect talk with mention of Weihai perfect Yantai comedy talk with laugh track into 王筝 & 水木年華 " 没有人比我更爱你 " (see 1932) near perfect talk about the Volvo S60 engine, ABS, and prices; very likely Huangdao, amazingly with interference from 92.8 Yantai! Yantai still perfect and interfering with 92.6 (on 92.65) confirmed Yantai with mention of a Weihai girlfriend, phone numbers, and into 张信哲 & 刘嘉玲 " 有一点动心 " PERFECT talk about nursery school history with same volume level as is usual for Simul Page 21

22 perfect Ace of Base "Lucky Love" into 王菲 " 但願人長久 " without break, into break with " 青岛人民广播电台新闻频道 " and " 青岛新闻广播 " IDs with some minor interference from still in with a good signal SOLID signal with talk about China and Libya with minimal local interference perfect 林海 " 再見往事, 再見 " classical-type piano music into talk with mentions of Beijing, Shanghai, and Qingdao perfect Zibo " 悦动 106.7" ID into talk with 0533 (Zibo) area code, with interference from with no sign of CityFM very good 阎维文 " 母亲 " into talk about requesting songs online or via text and to enter the last digit of your phone number to 6240(0?)... almost surely Yantai due to 92.8 and the others in strong perfect overmodulated Weihai with phone numbers for Zibo, Zaozhuang, Dongying, Liaocheng, Qingdao, Weihai, Weifang, Rizhao, Laiwu, and others PERFECT ads with 0532 area code, 青岛新闻广播 and " 青岛电台新闻生活 " ID into 周笔畅 " 号码 " very good to perfect very distorted story with some interference from local, but not Qingdao, MUST be Rizhao for lack of anything else (see also 2116), probably can't hear due to Qingdao perfect merchandise sales with phone # , almost surely off-frequency Qingdao due to the strength perfect Jimo call-in talk show with a moderate hum, call-in phone # very good story broadcast at what sounds like a restaurant or outing with "Hello. How are you? Fine." in local null perfect story broadcast, so it appears perfect overmodulated call-in talk show good talk, audible but not strong SOLID Beijing time with Jimo TOH chime into ads, phone # , " 即墨市 " mention, and echoing ID "FM " at 2104 and " 即墨人民广播电台 FM 101.7" at 2105 into talk or infomercial with mentions of Beijing, Tianjin, Tai'an, Nanjing, Suzhou, Shanghai, and more very good air clinic ( 空中诊疗室 ) with call from a listener in Heze, almost surely Rizhao perfect Shandong News with very minor local interference Jimo recorded INDOORS in stone-walled apartment with north-facing windows with path to tower blocked by numeorus stone-walled buildings!! The signal is still very good indoors. Still playing the same infomercial-type program back outside after a break, Jimo still SOLID with TOH chime and double beep soon after with local Jimo ads, including phone # again, then back inside for a break until the next TOH ID (as the Chinese TOH ID has proven one of few chances for easy-to-understand IDs) perfect talk into TOH break, TOH time tones, and two "FM100.7 快乐 603 长书频率 " IDs and " 快乐 603 长书频率 " highly distorted but very good to perfect call-in talk, likely Yantai as Lianyungang doesn't have the strength to be heard like that short of the others blasting in solid SOLID ID " 山东广播经济频道 " "AM594 FM " into " 叶问有话要说 " call-in talk show perfect call-in talk show with some minor interference from local 98.7 jazz good to perfect talk between two women //99.6, but the signal has a very clear echo to it, meaning the two signals aren't in sync and both are received or else the rare chance the station itself has an echo on its feed, being clobbered at times by Pyongyang FM perfect CNR-1 call-in talk show as opposed to the usual news very good to near perfect with ads (ROC) into Tang & Song Dynasty fiction story starting with relaxing background music into same ROC ad as few minutes before Page 22

23 PERFECT Simul in very easy null of local, 你最珍贵 & 高慧君 " 张学友 " with music straight into TOH with a snippet of 張學友 " 如果. 愛," ad, TOH time tone, Beijing time, into "Simul Star, 91 point 5 Simul Radio" ID with seagulls "Simul Radio" promo, into Vargo "Get Back To Serenity (Ohm-G Island Groove Mix)" and 2Raumwohnung "36 Grad" by PERFECT signal but rather distorted due to off-frequency, a snippet of 申扬 " 青春散场 " into talk for listener reply, almost surely still Lianyungang very good to near perfect 周传雄 " 黄昏," into brief talk, then 周传雄 " 黄昏 " now perfect, now nearly BLASTING with 唐禹哲 " 新歌 " into half-hour ID "FM AM 801 淄博人民广播电台经济广播 " and multiple ads into another station promo at 0134 with IDs and " 悦动 悦动 106.7?? 调频 " "FM 悦动 Business Radio FM 106 dot 7" with ad into 景甜 " 风 " ( 战国主题曲 ) perfect assumed story, Qingdao perfect Qingdao broadcasting a story perfect Changle distorted (off-frequency assumed to avoid 99.5) with medicine sales in null of local 99.7 playing Puddle of Mudd "Blurry" SOLID Qingdao //99.6 with medicine sales, no distortion despite being off-frequency local Pyongyang FM BLASTING with vocal symphony music MASSIVE signal of Shandong News with no static or interference playing 谭晶 both " 妻子 " and " 人生恍如梦 " with a brief moment of silence and instrumental off-air music between the two perfect sign-off, ID " 山东广播新闻频道 " into off-air music, first one song (that 97.1 briefly played) then quickly changed to Ronan Hardiman "Love Song" still perfect with the exact same signal quality as //98.6 with Ronan Hardiman "Love Song" off-air filler and instrumental " 阳光的温度 ( 演奏版 )" with unknown artist perfect house music, Sandy Rivera & José Burgos "Living Me" mixed into Dan Marciano "Good Morning Paris" and others still perfect now with techno music mix ( Pier Bucci "Hay Consuelo (Samim Remix)") with ID "91 point 5, FM 91.5, right now right here...??... the best of music station" over top of mix still perfect, off-air perfect story //95.25 with very minor interference from local perfect story //96.35 but with heavy interference from local Pyongyang FM perfect in the null of Seoul jammer perfect air clinic with phone # with no area code given, must be Changle as only others in the whole region are Dalian (unlikely) and this one still solid with BT "Knowledge of Self" continuing with music until TOH time tones interrupt Mono "Slimcea Girl" then into lullaby music with "Simul Radio" promo, seagulls and sea, then abruptly turns the transmitter off revealing local CBS 0300 ending the session with Simul going off air as most others are running off-air music or have turned off for the night Page 23

24 June 6, 2011 June 6, KST (Memorial Day) Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: F (24-18 C), mbar air pressure Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player Korean model, earphones wire antenna 93.4 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic Ch. 山东广播电视台经济频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Weihai News Comprehensive Ch. 威海广播新闻综合频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Yantai Economic Channel 烟台经济频道 (314 mi. / 505 km.) perfect into TOH time tones and jingle, ID " 山东广博京基贫道... 济南调频 , 青岛调频 97.9, 烟台调频 95.9, 威海调频 100.1, 潍坊调频 , 淄博滨州东营调频 , 临沂日照调频 93.9, 泰安莱芜聊城??..." and suddenly cut off as the station changes feed to program already in progress good talk, almost surely 93.4 off-frequency Osan AB ATIS, MHz (//272.7) overload, looped Osan weather, information... weather at temperature, visbility, dewpoint, altimeter, runway with the Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra "The Beatles Concerto," a classical Beatles performance bleeding from 91.1 Page 24

25 Osan AB ATIS, MHz still in on but a little weaker than earlier good with "Date with Health" program BLASTING news broadcast with no static whatsoever PERFECT slightly overmodulated signal with hum in the background, woman talking very good talk between two women with an echo very good with two women still talking with loud hum very good ads and mention of " 烟台广播电视台 " and " 烟台交通..." still in perfect though overmodulated with spinning wheel sound and man and woman conversing and then abruptly off by an ad into " 山东广播经济频道 " jingle and two IDs into more ads, one for 山东经济台, 济南经济台, and back into program Yantai still in very good still in very good with distortion and loud hum, talk into TOH Weihai ads and " 威海广播新闻综合频道 " ID into unknown traditional song after unknown station in, perhaps nothing or more likely WBS Gwangju, but not familiar enough with the stations to have judged at the time still in perfect and slightly distorted, talk into TOH ads into time tones and " 山东广播经济频道 " ID again, for lack of many other stations to tune in June 9-10, 2011 Page 25

26 June 9-10, KST Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: F (18-17 C), mbar air pressure Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player Korean model, earphones wire antenna 91.5 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Simul R. 青岛人民广播电台音乐体育广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 92.7 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang Traffic R. 连云港交通电台 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 92.8 SD Mengshan 山东蒙山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (524 mi. / 844 km.) 93.6 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 94.9 BU Busan 부산부산 / TBN Gyotong Busan 부산교통방송 (173 mi. / 278 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic Ch. 山东广播电视台经济频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Dalian News Radio 大连电台新闻广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) JS Xuzhou 江苏徐州 / Xuzhou Traffic Radio 徐州交通广播 (589 mi. / 948 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao News Life Radio 青岛电台新闻生活频道 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Rongcheng 山东榮成 / Rongcheng People's R. 荣成人民广播电台 (256 mi. / 412 km.) UNID: nearly perfect Lianyungang with local ads and ID "AM 927 连云港交通广播 " (specifically "AM" and not "FM") into unknown song absolutely SOLID CCTV news on CNR perfect, man singing a song, but seems that it went through the TOH, though already IDed anyway unknown station in good with travel product comparison, most likely Huai'an Traffic Arts Radio GFN English in SOLID with "Night Vibe" program with talk about past song and into Tech N9ne "He's a Mental Giant" Lianyungang still in perfect good with a lot of static, but clearly audible off-frequency as usual (92.8) iradio jingle into ID "iradio 97.5 山东广播娱乐调频 " into ads in the null of Lianyungang playing unknown song into news Lianyungang still solid with news talk Shandong Economic perfect distorted talk along with BBS Chuncheon (Gukkun is KBS 1R after 11) Sarah Brightman "Scarborough Fair" into 박효신 " 좋은사람 " with Korean talk over it good ads with Xuzhou ads and Dalian off-air music playing quietly in the background Lianyungang still blasting in with TOH time tones and ID "FM 927 连云港交通广播 " into start of program and snippet of a Spanish song PERFECT CNR talk between two women and a man, still perfect 5 minutes later Shandong Economic talk in very good, though no ID (formerly unknown due to the Scarborough Fair song thought to be a Chinese station) near perfect unknown instrumental off-air music from Dalian with no more sign of Xuzhou very good Qingdao likely, playing a WWII story with some minor interference noises from weak but quite audible call-in program, most surely Rongcheng Page 26

27 good 張惠妹 (A-Mei) " 我最親愛的 " with minor Korean interference very good segment of 凤凰传奇 " 月亮之上 " into TOH ad, time tones, and " 山东广播经济频道 " jingle and ID Qingdao with instrumental music English Instrumental Group "Moon River" after midnight (1am) sign-off then silence... in null of EBS very good talk into 정의송 " 보고싶다사랑아 " //TBN stations with the only TBN on 94.9 being Busan hopping a 3,500 mountain in Daegu in the direct path!! June 10, 2011 June 10, / KST Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: 70 F (21 C), mbar air pressure Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player Korean model, earphones wire antenna SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic Ch. 山东广播电视台经济频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) UNID: 88.1 (CNR-1 Es), 92.8 (Es), (Es), (Es), (CNR-1 Es), (CNR-1 Es) very good, two stations, perhaps both Es perfect news, almost surely CNR, talking about China and Libya relations and Kosovo with interference from strong Pyongyang FM - can't confirm the exact station, but all four frequencies with the three CNRs intersect in southern Gansu perfect news //97.65 still talking about China and Libya relations, probably 央广新闻晚高峰 "Late Peak" program - southern Gansu area Es good unknown Es station perfect with some interference, sounds like CNR News still, but can't confirm; talking about extramarital relations - southern Gansu area Es near perfect CNR " 央广新闻晚高峰 " program with adjacent interference into half-hour " 中央人民广播电台, 中央人民广播电台..." with CNR music back into news, but signal quality is unstable - southern Gansu area Es assumed CNR Lianyungang, but sounds like continuing Es as the signal is prone to fades and furthermore, it sounds distorted as if off-frequency a bit on 93.55, so probably was a 93.5 CNR-1... June 12, 2011 June 12, KST Location: Songtan, Korea Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player Korean model, earphones wire antenna Page 27

28 88.75 SRN Surin ส ร นทร ส ร นทร / New Life Radio Surin / 2x Es (2104 mi. / 3386 km.) Thai-language Christian station (Surin Seventh-Day Adventist Church) is in solid while scanning local radio atop Banjisan site, assumed it were merely a strange Chinese dialect tropo station, recorded a little and then continued on with my project, coming back to it a little later, but it was nowhere to be heard, but no idea it was even Es or Thai at the time September 11, 2011 September 11, KST Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: 69 F (21 C), mbar air pressure Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player Korean model, earphones wire antenna UNID: good talk show with an ad playing Madonna, but no information on where it's from or what the station is; certainly a new frequency to hear, but few possibilities (Jining, Nanjing, Yancheng) originally believed to be tropo (Lianyungang), but the station includes local spurs, including an ID of TBS efm and the song playing was an old 전영 song and not Chinese September 12, 2011 September 12, KST (Chuseok Holiday) Location: Buraksan, Songtan, Korea Conditions: 77 F (25 C), mbar air pressure Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player Korean model, earphones wire antenna 99.6 JS Yancheng 江蘇盐城 / Yancheng News Radio 盐城广播新闻台 (467 mi. / 752 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic Ch. 山东广播电视台经济频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) UNID: good discussion about diabetes but no information on location Page 28

29 BLASTING signal with discussion between two men and continues through the half-hour but without any ID or local content, found while on Buraksan at pavilion, no fading, no static, just a SOLID SIGNAL SOLID signal with no static at all, surely Shandong as they are discussing making investments still blasting in by the TOH time with just a little bit of static, talk ends and into part of 海生 " 我的家乡盐城 " before TOH; no time tones, but an ad, TOH ID " 盐城广播新闻台 " and then Beijing time and a few minutes into ads, " 盐城新闻广播 FM 99.6" as station continues nearly solid for unknown time alone September 14, 2011 September 14, KST (Chuseok Holiday) Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: 73 F (23 C), mbar air pressure Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player Korean model, earphones wire antenna 93.4 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 97.5 SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Shandong Life Channel 山东广播电视台广播生活频道 (314 mi. / 505 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic Ch. 山东广播电视台经济频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) Page 29

30 105.1 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Weihai News Comprehensive Ch. 威海广播新闻综合频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) in weak, likely Kunyushan perfect call-in talk show Shandong still in near perfect with instrumental filler music, no distortion, into " 山东广播新闻频道 " TOH ID and ads with some minor 93.3 interference near perfect ID intro using 王心凌 " 爱你 " "yo yo yo Cindy, what's wrong with me?" with " 山东广播电视台生活频道 " ID, Weibo promos, " 山东广播生活频道 " ID into 谭咏麟 " 难舍难分 " Shandong Life still perfect playing 王力宏 " 不要害怕 " into ads, then into 羽泉 " 桃花源 " PERFECT call-in show, talk between two women with a very slight echo Shandong Life still very good with some static with talk show in the null of local playing unknown song near perfect time tones into full TOH ID " 山东广播生活频道 " with all frequencies, " 济南 105, 青岛 105.1, 烟台 97.5, 淄博 98.7, 枣庄 106.5, 日照 98.9, 潍坊 104.7, 昆嵛山 97.5, 鲁中 107.8, 鲁西南 104.9, 鲁北 96.7, 鲁西北 105.5" September 15, 2011 Page 30

31 September 15, KST (Chuseok) Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: 72 F (22 C), mbar air pressure Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player Korean model, earphones wire antenna SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic Ch. 山东广播电视台经济频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) in good with time tones, jingle, and full TOH ID, " 山东广博京基贫道... 济南调频 , 青岛调频 97.9, 烟台调频 95.9, 威海调频 100.1, 潍坊调频 , 淄博滨州东营调频 , 临沂日照调频 93.9, 泰安莱芜聊城?? 济宁调频 " April 9-10, 2012 April 9-10, KST Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: F (16-11 C), mbar air pressure Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player Korean model, earphones wire antenna Page 31

32 90.7 SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai Music Fashion Channel 威海音乐时尚频道 (275 mi. / 443 km.) 93.4 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 94.8 SD Haiyang 山东海阳 / Haiyang People's Radio 海阳人民广播电台 (327 mi. / 526 km.) 96.1 SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai Story Channel 威海广播故事频道 (275 mi. / 443 km.) 96.4 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Private Car Radio 青岛私家车广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 96.9 SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Shandong Rural Channel 山东广播电视台乡村频道 (314 mi. / 505 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic Ch. 山东广播电视台经济频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Happy 603 青岛经济广播快乐 603 (380 mi. / 612 km.) LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Dalian Traffic Radio 大连交通广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) SD Haiyang 山东海阳 / Yantai News Comprehensive Ch. 烟台新闻综合频道 (327 mi. / 526 km.) SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Yantai Traffic Art Ch. 烟台交通文艺频道 (313 mi. / 504 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (390 mi. / 628 km.) SD Wendeng 山东文登 / Wendeng People's Radio 文登人民广播电台 (276 mi. / 444 km.) SD Rongcheng 山东榮成 / Rongcheng People's R. 荣成人民广播电台 (256 mi. / 412 km.) perfect and overmodulated TOH ad break with Jinan and Shandong mentions perfect distorted talk between two women very good unknown song into talk and yet another unknown song with totally clear signal and no distortion whatsoever near perfect TOH ad break with time tones, Beijing time 8pm, " 山东广播新闻频道 " ID, Zibo ad into news very good call-in talk with toll-free phone numbers, likely an informercial though with a mention of Qingdao PERFECT story on Weihai Traffic Opera Radio with zero interference from perfect talk with " 山东潍坊 " and " 莱阳 " mentions into call-in talk Weihai still near solid (battling back and forth with Seoul as I climb the metal stairs) then into multiple Weihai ads and " 威海人民广播电台," " 威海人民广播电台综合广播 " "... 文艺广播 " and Yantai and Dalian mentions into FULL ID of all Weihai broadcasting stations, " 威海广播新闻综合频道 FM99.6 FM105.1 AM1206, 威海广播交通文艺频道 FM95.0 FM102.2 AM846, 威海广播故事频道 FM96.1" very good GFN English "Night Vibe" program with song "magnificent litigation, sparkle" improvised rap into Fat Joe ft. Chris Brown & Mary J. Blige "Another Round" good Qingdao story in with KBS Classic FM with complete null at times very good call-in talk on what is either CNR-1 (quite unlikely with the call-in program and a Chinese listener observing it sounds like a local traffic radio program) or Dalian with no others regionally on or strong near perfect story with slight distortion same story but now on-frequency without the distortion perfect call-in talk with Yantai mention and phone numbers with local adjacent interference perfect talk between man and woman with some hum in the background Page 32

33 very good call-in talk with phone number and no distortion at all, some static, probably less on-frequency, into what seems to be a song from the 还珠格格 drama, then TOH ads, time tones, " 山东广播新闻频道 " ID, and ads very good 郭靜 " 陪著我的時候想著她 " into talk including a mention of " 文登广播 " into another song near perfect with just a bit of static playing 潘瑋柏 & 弦子 " 不得不愛 " into talk and Jinan ads, then CityFM jingle very good talk with interference with a part of 郭靜 " 陪著我的時候想著她 " still playing near perfect man and woman talking on call-in show same woman talking on call-in show with phone numbers 40 minutes later with great signal with just a bit more static than before but blows through TOH with no time tones BLASTING signal with no static at all as woman talks good playing S.H.E. " 月桂女神 " in at the same time as Incheon talk before a song comes on and blocks it out April 23-24, 2012 Page 33

34 April 23-24, / KST (Es) / KST (Es/Tr) Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: F (10-29 C), mbar air pressure and dropping Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player Korean model, earphones wire antenna 90.7 SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai Music Fashion Channel 威海音乐时尚频道 (275 mi. / 443 km.) 93.7 JS Nanjing 江蘇南京 / Jiangsu News Radio 江苏新闻广播 (586 mi. / 943 km.) 94.9 SD Dongying 山東東營 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (463 mi. / 745 km.) 99.5 SD Jiaonan 山东胶南 / Qingdao Economic Happy 603 青岛经济广播快乐 603 (406 mi. / 653 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic Ch. 山东广播电视台经济频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Happy 603 青岛经济广播快乐 603 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Jimo 山东即墨 / Jimo People's Radio 即墨人民广播电台 (371 mi. / 597 km.) SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Yantai Traffic Art Ch. 烟台交通文艺频道 (313 mi. / 504 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Radio 青岛经济广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) JS Nanjing 江蘇南京 / Nanjing Sports Radio 南京体育广播 (591 mi. / 951 km.) SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (390 mi. / 628 km.) PY Pyongyang 평양평양 / Pyongyang FM 평양 FM 방송 (155 mi. / 249 km.) SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Yantai Economic Channel 烟台经济频道 (314 mi. / 505 km.) SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播电视台音乐频道 (390 mi. / 628 km.) SD Rongcheng 山东榮成 / Rongcheng People's R. 荣成人民广播电台 (256 mi. / 412 km.) UNID: 93.65, 95.3 (Es), 96.3, , 105.7, (Es), unknown station with pharmaceuticals ad weak to good with what sounds like device interference Jimo likely, playing a radio story with a good signal in the null of Korean Chinese call-in talk good in the null of Korean near perfect live performance of 張芸京 " 情人結 " into hosts talk, very stable signal perfect call-in talk show with a little static good talk about Chinese historical relics into ad with toll free numbers SOLID signal of live performance into 陳奕迅 " 孤獨患者 " clip, very likely a live awards show perfect distorted talk between a man and woman with some minor Korean interference very good talk about city bus safety very good playing 尚雯婕 " 花火 " in the null of local Korean heard good behind Incheon signal Page 34

35 massive signal with slightly distortion, TOH time tones into " 山东广播经济频道 " jingle and full ID " 山东广播电视台广播经济频道 " with full long list of frequencies still SOLID signal with 陳奕迅 " 孤獨患者 " into ad break and CityFM ID, then segment of 江美琪 " 房间 " into talk of Adam Lambert with clip of Adam Lambert "Never Close Our Eyes" and CityFM jingle still in solid with "CityFM" ID into 苏永康 " 爱上一个人永远不会太迟 " very good signal with news, Nanjing mention, and " 江苏新闻广播 FM 937" ID unknown station talking about blood pressure, quite likely 江苏人民广播电台综 in Wuxi solid signal of man and woman talking, nearly no static at all and no distortion as usual very good Qingdao with half-hour ad break into " 快乐 603 长书频率 " mention and "FM100.7 快乐 603 长书频率 " ID into 莊學忠 " 原來的我 " nearly solid signal with story of Chinese first lady's WWII experience; no IDs but strength indicates a closer signal for sure PERFECT with what sounds like a man reading a story good air clinic talk in null of local, maybe Shanghai, // later on SOLID signal! missed TOH ID (if they gave one), but 張學友 " 三分拍 " into 黃品源 " 小薇 " then unknown song, still with no talk or IDs between very good to near perfect air clinic //105.7 earlier very good promos into CCTV-13 ID " 中央电视台新闻频道 " with " 法治在线 " program mention; Jiangsu obviously playing CCTV programming for the offair hours Seosan being blasted by Pyongyang FM with severe interference from solid Haeju very good 鄧麗君 " 小村之戀 "; by the signal that Haeju is putting out, probably Dalian, but no hints absolutely PERFECT SIGNAL! 孙燕姿 " 绿光," into 周杰倫 " 爺爺泡的茶 " but with no talk between songs unidentifiable classical-type music that would match none other than North Korean music being slammed by a mysterious noise jammer-type signal; if Pyongyang with its usual wide signal, this would be it! But a mystery: it was not // very good 李玉剛 " 新貴妃醉酒 " right through the TOH without ID still good but starting to fade with segment of 方大同 " 紅豆 " abruptly into ad break as if it were the TOH, then "FM104.3 南京体育广播, this is FM 104 point 3 Nanjing Sports Radio" into Nanjing ads near solid signal talking about Nanning drug enforcement, but with no IDs; strong and stable signal, obviously Es though having expected a continuation of tropo from the morning hours medical advertisement, assuming unknown tropo station due to weaker reception CNR-1 station with promos into " 中國之聲 " ID with news radio, unlikely to be Es due to the weaker reception, and no other regional matches aside from Dongying blasting station presumably //106.6 also with Nanning drug enforcement, but no records of parallel networks between the two in the official database aside from CNR-1, which would not blow through a TOH ID as this station did; recorded 7 1/2 minutes without a hint of identifiable information until a brief ad break at 1402 with an ad for " 中国人寿 " and mention of " 旅游时代杂志 " with later mention of Guangxi, but it matches the talk about Nanning, just no way to confirm if it was speaking of Nanning as local content or a nationally-run documentary program good signal of Tom Tom Club "Wordy Rappinghood," then better signal on , assuming Rongcheng Page 35

36 May 11-12, 2012 May 11-12, KST Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: 52 F (11 C), mbar air pressure Recording total: 0:32:30 Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player Korean model, earphones wire antenna SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic Ch. 山东广播电视台经济频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) *106.6 SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播电视台音乐频道 (390 mi. / 628 km.) very good talk into call-in show and into half-hour ID " 山东广播电视台广播经济频道," jingle, and ads, then back into call-in good CityFM ID, promos, and ads into jingle quite distorted 林宥嘉 " 神秘嘉賓 " into TOH ID " 山东广播电视台广播经济频道 " with jingle and full frequencies list CityFM signal now near perfect with 王铮亮 " 瞬间 ( 人到四十主题歌 )" into talk, 周杰倫 " 聽媽媽的話," then 袁詠琳 " 把傷心打碎 " still perfect but signal fluctuating a bit in quality, ads and into CityFM jingle, then quieter audio into Beyond " 真的爱你 " SOLID signal with call-in talk without any half-hour IDs then weakening slightly and becoming a tad more distorted Page 36

37 talk into 王铮亮 " 时间都去哪了 " and 毛阿敏 " 烛光里的妈妈 " now with a stable perfect signal 0157 * SOLID signal, though with some distortion, 張智成 " 暗戀 " into TOH ads, time tones, "City Superstar," and full ID with frequencies, " 山东广播电视台音乐频道 CityFM 城市之音, 济南 FM99.1, 烟台威海 FM107.8, 青岛潍坊 FM106.6," then transmitter abruptly turns off in the middle of 動力火車 " 當 " May 14, 2013 May 14, KST Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: F (14-19 C), mbar air pressure Recording total: 1:08:00 Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player Korean model, earphones wire antenna Notes: truncated early due to lack of battery and prep 87.5 JS Huai'an 江苏淮安 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 (512 mi. / 824 km.) 88.1 SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Rizhao Traffic Life R. 日照交通生活广播 (442 mi. / 711 km.) Page 37

38 91.5 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Simul R. 青岛人民广播电台音乐体育广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 92.7 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang Traffic R. 连云港交通电台 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 93.6 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 95.0 SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Rizhao News Comprehensive R. 日照新闻综合广播 (442 mi. / 711 km.) 95.2 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Story Radio 青岛电台故事广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 96.4 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Private Car Radio 青岛私家车广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 97.2 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 97.9 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong Economic Ch. 山东广播电视台经济频道 (363 mi. / 584 km.) 98.9 SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Shandong Life Channel 山东广播电视台广播生活频道 (442 mi. / 711 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic Ch. 山东广播电视台经济频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang Comprehensive R. 连云港综合广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) JS Nanjing 江蘇南京 / Nanjing Sports Radio 南京体育广播 (591 mi. / 951 km.) JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang Story R. 山东生活信息广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东人民广播电台文艺频道 (442 mi. / 711 km.) JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Jiangsu Health R. 江苏健康广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播电视台音乐频道 (363 mi. / 584 km.) SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (275 mi. / 443 km.) SD Rongcheng 山东榮成 / Rongcheng People's R. 荣成人民广播电台 (256 mi. / 412 km.) UNID: 88.1, 97.05, 97.1, 103.1, , , very good CNR-2 with talk about Guangzhou water bureau liabilities good talk about 习近平 Africa trip (probably CNR News) with Korean two-way radio interference good signal behind Rizhao with same news report as very good Rizhao, but just a little bit out of sync with two-way interference growing more distant very good CNR-2 with " 天下财经 " program and CNR-2 ID and music, steady straight into the 8am hour with economic news reports very good Rizhao with news report about finding jobs and talk of 江蘇 H7N good Simul Radio with a medical advertisement very good Weibo promo into TOH time tones and CNR-2 " 中央人民广播电台 " ID near perfect " 日照交通生活广播 " ID into ads for VW, Buick, Audi, and Ford Simul now merely in, but with ID, music, and news report with a fading ID HUGE signal with solid story, perfect BIG CNR signal with ads, promos, and into talk about the Philippines coast guard very weak and rather distorted CNR news in and //93.6; no way it's Dongying, but very likely to be Rizhao 95.0 running morning CNR news distorted but good Qingdao with " 清晨故事汇 " facing local interference Qingdao in under heavy local interference very good slightly distorted economic news report almost surely a solid CNR-2 Lianyungang on 97.2, with a faint station far behind it Page 38

39 unknown good station with an AC and refrigerator discount ad still local-like signal with Lianyungang mention and ads into TOH time tones, " 连云港交通广播 " ID, "Going Together" program, and another "FM 92.7 连云港交通广播 " ID a few minutes later into unknown song supposedly part of the " 天外飛仙 " TV drama soundtrack very good with what sounds like CNR background music, perhaps CNR news, talking about broken high heels and news of a Chongqing secretary being charged perfect but overmodulated news about the 深圳证券交易所 near perfect Lianyungang with health call-in show, phone number, 第一人民医院 very good traditional music on an unknown station in the null of 자유의소리 very good sports news/talk likely about FC Basel near perfect Lianyungang story broadcast very good to near perfect story broadcast on unknown station two stations, both good, the primary one with 人民币纪念册 sale: Ph # , one of them quite surely Rizhao (see 0932) perfect music, either Yantai or another unknown station perfect CityFM with 王心凌 " 爱情加油 " into Weihai and Qingdao ads very good in Daejeon null with ads into 周傳雄 "You Should Try" perfect Weihai with Ph # ad, Bandari "The Daylight" filler, and into CNR news at very good news report about organ transplant and into Ocarina "Ocarina II" filler music throughout and behind good distorted signal right on 107.5, unsure if it's Rongcheng or not with it being distorted on-frequency perfect STRONG morning show talk about cellphones and health with music in the background continuing solid beyond the half hour, good talk about health, Lianyungang near perfect but quiet signal with Weibo mention, Ph. # , 茉莉女主播 Monica, Jinan traffic and into G.E.M. "A.I.N.Y," "iradio" promo, DJ 玫瑰, and talk about German vinous liquor very good ad for selling of new homes, unknown station but likely still Nanjing near perfect talk of 小小岛 song before battery cuts out and session prematurely ends without unknown stations IDed Fun Radio Facts! What I Learned from Tuning in Chinese Radio Listening to radio stations from another country, especially a country of which you don't speak the language, can be very challenging. In having to identify the stations, I learned the local geography, including some valuable history. I learned a fair bit of Mandarin as well as how to recognize many words in Chinese characters simply out of necessity. Dozens of new songs and artists were added to my playlists courtesy of the 300+ songs that appear in this log. Numerous Chinese and Taiwanese people helped me with translations, explanations, and station identification, thus further enhancing my understanding of the culture and language(s) along with others such as Matthew Tye (C-Milk, laowhy86) and Winston Sterzel (SerpentZA), long-time residents of China and famous YouTube personalities that served as educational background commentary in the more than two months of editing audio and constructing this log full-time. Chinese E-skip was a lesson in the dialects of Taiwan, Fujian, and Guangdong, and a great learning experience of Mongolian and Buryat culture and language. Page 39

40 May 21, 2013 May 21, KST Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: F (10-19 C), foggy to start, 100% humidity, mbar air pressure Recording total: 1:35:00 Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player Korean model, earphones wire antenna SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong Satellite TV 山东卫视 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 91.5 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Simul R. 青岛人民广播电台音乐体育广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 92.7 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang Traffic R. 连云港交通电台 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 93.4 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 93.6 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 95.2 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Story Radio 青岛电台故事广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 96.4 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Private Car Radio 青岛私家车广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 97.1 SD Changle 山东昌乐 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (455 mi. / 732 km.) 98.6 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (380 mi. / 612 km.) Page 40

41 98.8 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 99.5 SD Huangdao 山东黄岛 / Qingdao Economic Happy 603 青岛经济广播快乐 603 (406 mi. / 653 km.) *100.1 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic Ch. 山东广播电视台经济频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Happy 603 青岛经济广播快乐 603 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Jimo 山东即墨 / Jimo People's Radio 即墨人民广播电台 (371 mi. / 597 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Radio 青岛经济广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东人民广播电台文艺频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播电视台音乐频道 (390 mi. / 628 km.) LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Dalian Children's Radio 大连少儿广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) SD Wendeng 山东文登 / Wendeng People's Radio 文登人民广播电台 (276 mi. / 444 km.) SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (275 mi. / 443 km.) SD Rongcheng 山东榮成 / Rongcheng People's R. 荣成人民广播电台 (256 mi. / 412 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao News Radio 青岛广播新闻频率 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 87.5 ZJ Linhai 浙江临海 / Taizhou News Radio FM98.7 台州新闻综合频道 (671 mi. / 1080 km.) UNID: 87.5, 94.9, very good ads into half-hour " 中央人民广播电台 " CNR news ID and mention of the date with volume starting very low and then getting turned up; a bit distorted and with some slight interference from adjacent Qingdao strong CNR news // but with about a 30-second delay with some minor interference from local good but weaker CityFM talk into jingle good news talk, very likely Wendeng but different from good " 中国之声 " ID with "Listen China, My China Dream" though unsure if the CNR news program on local stations uses the " 中国之声 " ID at all, which has yet been unheard on those reports CityFM very good playing 天之大 " 毛阿敏 " near perfect CNR news, then abruptly cut off in favor of TOH ads into " 青岛新闻广播 " ad just before the TOH good CNR-1 between the and mess with another " 中国之声 " ID right before TOH time tones but then quite distorted as if off-frequency same as CNR signal bleeding over with history story, one possibly overtaking the other and making for a confusing mess unknown station in weak with local interference good signal though with device interference, but it's Weihai very good talk about China and India's relationship behind and in the null of EBS perfect ads and 伍思凱 " 愛的過火 " off-frequency but with horrific overmodulation and distortion with light interference from recording iradio on but equally distorted; first time coming across this newer station Page 41

42 perfect BIG signal in the easy null of TBN with talk and Qingdao mentions, very good big talk signal with some minor static with Jimo and Qingdao mentions, very good but with heavy device interference, including station ID CityFM merely in with weak half-hour ID and CityFM jingle perfect half-hour ID, " 历史传奇 " program about the Falklands //99.5, *100.1 GIANT signal on seek, loud and overmodulated but easily understood talk, perfect story //100.7 in easy null of KBS, perfect CNR with big signal, in-flight radiation, perfect Qingdao in null, but local station was too strong to bother with it very good Shandong news, no IDs but later //93.45 (see 0925) perfect TOH time tones into " 中国之声 " ID, CNR music, " 中央人民广播电台中国之声 " ID, and into CNR news program with slight overmodulation perfect Qingdao mention in the null of local noise, phone # and mention of " 你好, 私家车 " show very good with some expected distortion and intense 95.1 noise with "AM 1008 青岛故事广播 " ID into talk weak music, Chinese likely but it's so weak that it could even be Korean; likely Haiyang perfect Shandong News, now noted // perfect HUGE signal, half-hour time tone and chime, local ads, including ads for 即墨服装市场, 青岛白酒, 葡萄酒, 即墨交通局, and 田横岛度假区 perfect " 阳光周末线 " program with phone numbers and some 93.5 local interference local Pyongyang FM blasting through jammer unknown talk that sounds like a usual CNR-1 signal, with CityFM interfering very good but slightly distorted 蕭敬騰 " 王妃," TOH time tones, "CityFM" ID and jingle with " 山东广播电视台音乐频道 " ID and full list of frequencies Qingdao very good stable drama, noted that it wasn't CCTV's 天天饮食 program, but Ch. 4 is actually SDTV instead, almost surely Qingdao by the stable reception and lack of interference from any other signals, despite the Es catch PERFECT Es signal noted for just 90 seconds with English "Fresh, accurate, professional" and two "987 车友会 " IDs Ch. 4 drama still in and still playing the same background music weak unknown signal in and out good music into talk in tough null of CBS and another Lianyungang very good with talk about clean A/C in summer, Ph , perfect loud and overmodulated talk with " 山东广播新闻频道 " and " 山东新闻广播 " (notice of the change in IDs to come?), with some 93.5 interference good CNR news very good talk and ads into " 威海广播电视台综合广播 " ID with interference from device very good talk, now instead on-frequency PERFECT end of talk program with Owl City & Carly Rae Jepsen "Good Time" background music, into 陳奕迅 " 好久不見," // absolutely horrific overmodulation, phone # , still perfect Weihai with " 威海广播电视台综合广播 " ID, 陳奕迅 " 好久不見," many Weihai ads but no TOH tones, briefly echoes Page 42

43 PERFECT iradio though overmodulated and slightly distorted, 陈倩倩 " 蓝颜知己 " into brief talk and 刘力扬 "Runway" May 23, 2013 May 23, KST Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: F (16-21 C), 100% humidity, mbar air pressure Recording total: 0:46:00 Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player Korean model, earphones wire antenna 97.1 SD Qixia 山东栖霞 / Qixia People's Radio 栖霞人民广播电台 (339 mi. / 546 km.) 98.8 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic Ch. 山东广播电视台经济频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Radio 青岛经济广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) Page 43

44 106.6 SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播电视台音乐频道 (390 mi. / 628 km.) LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Dalian Children's Radio 大连少儿广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) weak but audible " 中央人民广播电台..." and " 中央人民广播电台..." IDs twice with different inaudible endings before half-hour " 中央人民广播电台 " ID into news weak CityFM merely in good Taegisan EBS; Korean enhancement is killing the Chinese tropo very good talk - likely CNR News - in tough null of EBS Cheongju seems to be very good hotline talk (or else CNR News) in tough null of EBS Eumseong perfect with strong local TBN impossible to null out entirely with both still perfectly audible perfect " 威海新闻 " program with ads, but no TOH tones or formal ID, though EBS is gone MBC Namwon perfect solid signal on seek with no hint of Jimo perfect KBS 1 Radio Palgongsan in easy null of 34-mile local TBS efm perfect signal as usual but virtually no distortion whatsoever TBC Dream FM perfect in easy null of 33-mile local CBS very good CNR News with just light 98.9 Wonju interference perfect 통일의메아리, but the frequency has moved to exactly, clear audio and on seek perfect signal with almost no distortion aside from half-hour time tones that can be heard but without any actual audio; ads, news, and " 山东广播电视台广播经济频道 " ID perfect signal, and on seek on both and weak hotline show, likely Voice of Fortune perfect TOH ID with daily sign-off of 통일의메아리 and mentions of 광주대학생 music into 10-11am show promo and talk of a car crash with Korean semi-local good 周传雄 " 啤酒泡泡," on " 绿色生命树 " program into hotline and Smile "Boys" Fun Radio Facts! The Original Chinese Station Log The original China FM log, Let's face it, my station log wasn't always so beautiful or organized. For every one hour of an opening with unfamiliar stations, it took about 10 hours of work to identify stations, find towers, and even then, there were numerous errors. With multiple projects in the works, I simply didn't have the time to research it all. After years of listening though, I became familiar enough to easily identify stations and find and correct past errors - with some help - and make the log what it is today! Page 44

45 May 26, 2013 May 26, KST Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: F (21-24 C), mbar air pressure Recording total: 0:34:00 Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player Korean model, earphones wire antenna 93.4 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 98.8 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (292 mi. / 470 km.) *100.1 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic Ch. 山东广播电视台经济频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Radio 青岛经济广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播电视台音乐频道 (390 mi. / 628 km.) SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (275 mi. / 443 km.) SD Rongcheng 山东榮成 / Rongcheng People's R. 荣成人民广播电台 (256 mi. / 412 km.) Page 45

46 UNID: very good Shandong news call-in show good in tough null of strong Gukkun perfect KBS Palgongsan in easy null of 34-mile local TBS efm 0758 *101.7 perfect MBC Jeonju solid and on seek Qingdao in with weak talk in tough TBN null perfect local 통일의메아리 on seek, still on *100.1 perfect but rather unstable talk on seek music in deep null, but unsure if it's Qingdao or if it's Mapo FM perfect Qingdao under German-language EBS programming in, in null of Cheongju EBS in, weak 王力宏 " 不要害怕 " (yet again; see Sept. 14, 2011) very good talk into half-hour IDs " 荣成人民广播电台 " three times, news, and ads very weak and barely audible with what sounds like an ID (" 扬州生活广播 "? though it is now " 音乐广播 " and the intonation of the "ID" does not seem to be an ID, so remains unknown and very noisy) very good CNR news, then out, unstable like the rest of the stations very good CityFM, perfect sign-off with frequencies " 통일의메아리 " all listed very good with what sounds like either an accidentally double feed or else two stations of similar strength, likely the former good with local station off the air Fun Radio Facts! Which formats do Chinese stations broadcast? Chinese radio stations have a rather wide selection of formats or genres. There are stations for news (xinwen 新闻 ), traffic (jiaotong 交通 ), stories (gushi 故事 ), business (jingji 经济 ), music (yinyue 音乐 ), art and literature (wenyi 文艺 ), lifestyle (shenghuo 生活 ), rural programming, such as traditional music and agriculture reports (nongcun 农村 or xiangcun 乡村 ), car (qiche 汽车 ) and private car (sijiache 私家车 ) for China's first generation of car owners, sports (tiyu 体育 ), and health (jiankang 健康 ), among others. Most communities with only a single station use the name people's radio (renmin 人民 ), while stations that play a variety of programming refer to themselves as comprehensive radio (zonghe 综合 ). Stations in large cities are more likely to have a wider variety of names, while the governmentrun networks such as CNR-1 (news) and CNR-2 (business) are nationwide. Almost all stations play music whether they are news, sports, or story stations, so telling stations apart based solely on station format can often be challenging. Qingdao Private Car Radio 青岛私家车广播 Page 46

47 May 31, 2013 May 31, KST Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: F (16-22 C), mbar air pressure Recording total: 1:00:00 Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player Korean model, earphones wire antenna Notes: with Martyn Williams, portable SW tuner & laptop SDR 93.4 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 94.8 SD Haiyang 山东海阳 / Haiyang People's Radio 海阳人民广播电台 (327 mi. / 526 km.) 95.3 SD Zhaoyuan 山东招远 / Yantai Traffic Radio 烟台交通广播 (363 mi. / 584 km.) 97.1 SD Qixia 山东栖霞 / Qixia People's Radio 栖霞人民广播电台 (339 mi. / 546 km.) 98.8 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (292 mi. / 470 km.) *100.1 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic Ch. 山东广播电视台经济频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Happy 603 青岛经济广播快乐 603 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Radio 青岛经济广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) Page 47

48 *103.8 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东人民广播电台文艺频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (390 mi. / 628 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播电视台音乐频道 (390 mi. / 628 km.) SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (275 mi. / 443 km.) SD Rongcheng 山东榮成 / Rongcheng People's R. 荣成人民广播电台 (256 mi. / 412 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao News Radio 青岛广播新闻频率 (380 mi. / 612 km.) perfect, analyzing 통일의메아리 on the SDR with Martyn good with talk about a child education problem, though it sounds like instead, which it likely is perfect ads into TOH time tones, Qingdao ads, CityFM jingle, and into 庾澄慶 " 熱情的沙漠 " in with weak signal, heard " 威海 " between the news stories perfect news in easy local EBS null still in very good to near perfect with news, " 威海新闻 " good news, very likely Dazeshan with that typical static sound and off-frequency weak signal in local null, still very good half-hour ID, talk into traditional music background and story in easy null perfect half-hour time tones, and ads into news with a BIG signal! very good ads, including " " ad as well as news report very good "Voice of Fortune" finance hotline show in stable straight into TOH time tones, but program abruptly cut off for it and then only half the volume of sound remained for the local ads (phone # ) after 10 minutes of waiting for the ID; very quiet " 栖霞人民广播电台 " ID and multiple other Qixia mentions very good (best on 95.30) mentions of " 烟台," and " 烟台交通广播 " ID into hotline show very good with heavy interference, not //98.85 ads, so CNR-1 is ruled out very good and stable promos twice mentioning "FM94.8 海阳人民广播电台 " very good in the null of local perfect with static TOH tones once again into local ads, LOUD signal! very weak signal, surely Weihai with 자유의소리 off the air good Shandong news still in stable perfect CityFM still in solid, overmodulated, PERFECT ridiculously strong TOH static tones again into ads good Haiyang ads with Ph. # / with same "FM94.8 海阳人民广播电台 " IDs as 0910 and " 海阳广播 " mention very good Liao Dynasty program not //93.45, so assuming still Qixia perfect half-hour ID (not recorded) into news, solid signal but overmodulated with some adjacent interference no half-hour ID to confirm still Qixia, Liao Dynasty program not //93.45, likely still Qixia good talk program with some background music Page 48

49 perfect CNR-1 talking about Carrefore business tactics; 昆嵛山 FMs suddenly have HUGE signals! 1042 *100.1 MASSIVE signal on seek just before leaving 1045 * perfect big signal, overmodulated Will.i.am ft. Miley Cyrus "Fall Down" into "iradio" ID and promo, not on seek due to off-frequency, but no doubt would otherwise be; clear on Martyn's radio though Seoul heard on my radio on SOLID signal on quick check of 昆嵛山 FMs before having to leave perfect CityFM 360 degrees, but time to go... June 4, 2013 June 4, KST Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: F (18-22 C), 100% humidity, mbar air pressure Recording total: 0:28:00 Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player Korean model, earphones wire antenna 93.4 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) Page 49

50 96.1 SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai Story Radio 威海广播故事广播 (275 mi. / 443 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic Ch. 山东广播电视台经济频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Jimo 山东即墨 / Jimo People's Radio 即墨人民广播电台 (371 mi. / 597 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Radio 青岛经济广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播电视台音乐频道 (363 mi. / 584 km.) SD Wendeng 山东文登 / Wendeng People's Radio 文登人民广播电台 (276 mi. / 444 km.) SD Rongcheng 山东榮成 / Rongcheng People's R. 荣成人民广播电台 (256 mi. / 412 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao News Radio 青岛广播新闻频率 (380 mi. / 612 km.) CityFM in weak with music very good " 青岛新闻广播 " ID into ads and " 中央人民广播电台 " ID into TOH time tones to start CNR news good news perfect Qingdao in deep local null, Jimo weak in tough null of strong MBC on seek perfect KBS Palgongsan in easy null of Seoul local very good near perfect but overmodulated news perfect GFN English in the null of Hwaaksan very good rare Wonju KBS but sometimes not // good typical Weihai TOH ID in slop into 張靚穎 " 畫心 " (96.10 is trashed) sounds very much like a second station airing clips from "Beauty and the Beast," but a close listen reveals it's simply Weihai but poor mixing between those talking and the clip in the background into the foreground good in hard null with both 93.5 signals very good story ending at 8:30, easy signal very good Wendeng with quiet interference from local very good half-hour ID and Weihai mention then at 0830, another typical ID " 荣成人民广播电台, 荣成人民广播电台 " into news; sounds like something Disney in the background, but only lasts for one ad before the ID, in null of EBS centered on 107.5, very good, though not perfect, fairly strong news very good in a hard null of perfect Gukkun Fun Radio Facts! Taking Advantage of Coastal Propagation The best way to take advantage of coastal propagation is to position yourself just shy of the top of a hillside facing the water. This weakens local inland signals but preserves the height necessary to make the most of openings. The main listening site, Banjisan Neighbourhood Park in Songtan, was utilized in a fashion similar to this. Local Seoul stations 27 mi. (43 km.) behind the hill could be overcome by Chinese signals. Page 50

51 June 6, 2013 June 6, KST (Memorial Day) Location: Songtan, Korea Recording total: 1:53:00 Conditions: F (29-22 C) and breezy, mbar air pressure Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player Korean model, earphones wire antenna Notes: seek not monitored 88.1 SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Rizhao Traffic Life R. 日照交通生活广播 (442 mi. / 711 km.) 89.4 SD Rizhao 山东日照 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (442 mi. / 711 km.) 90.3 SD Yishan 山东沂山 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (473 mi. / 761 km.) 92.8 SD Mengshan 山东蒙山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (524 mi. / 844 km.) 93.4 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 95.3 SD Zhaoyuan 山东招远 / Yantai Traffic Radio 烟台交通广播 (363 mi. / 584 km.) 97.1 SD Qixia 山东栖霞 / Qixia People's Radio 栖霞人民广播电台 (339 mi. / 546 km.) 97.1 SD Changle 山东昌乐 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (455 mi. / 732 km.) Page 51

52 97.9 SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong Economic Ch. 山东广播电视台经济频道 (390 mi. / 628 km.) 98.2 SD Taishan 山东泰山 / Shandong Economic Ch. 山东广播电视台经济频道 (556 mi. / 895 km.) 98.6 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 98.8 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic Ch. 山东广播电视台经济频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东人民广播电台文艺频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (390 mi. / 628 km.) SD Yishan 山东沂山 / Shandong Life Channel 山东广播电视台广播生活频道 (473 mi. / 761 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播电视台音乐频道 (390 mi. / 628 km.) SD Zibo 山东淄博 / Zibo Private Car Radio 淄博私家车广播 (503 mi. / 810 km.) SD Rongcheng 山东榮成 / Rongcheng People's R. 荣成人民广播电台 (256 mi. / 412 km.) 88.1 HN Yiyang 湖南益阳 / Yiyang Traffic R. Car 881 益阳交通频道汽车 881 (1036 mi. / 1667 km.) *89.3 HN Lengshuijiang 湖南冷水江 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (1107 mi. / 1782 km.) *92.8 HN Shaoyang 湖南邵阳 / Shaoyang Music Ch. Flying 928 邵阳音乐频道飞扬 928 (1131 mi. / 1820 km.) UNID: (Es), 94.9 (Tr), 94.9 (Tr) It's a start to yet another Memorial Day opening with 黃曉明 / 鄧超 / 佟大為 " 中國合夥人," unstable then out last station good into very brief talk behind unknown music, perhaps the same station, Es good talk centered on 107.5, likely Rongcheng very good distorted CityFM ID, Jinan ad, CityFM jingle, into unknown song, good but unstable talk, then abruptly out very good ID " 山东广播新闻频道 " twice, TOH time tones, into Shandong news music and " 山东广播电视台广播新闻频道 " TOH ID and news 1502 *103.7 perfect Pyongyang FM on early and on seek with Seoul jammers all off perfect 经广股市快报 " 养生有道 " program and talk very good CNR talk and ads into CNR news, slightly distorted very good GFN English in the null of Hwaaksan very good Shandong News in null of local weak Shandong News // perfect MASSIVE Pyongyang FM signal on seek with jammers off, !! very good with multiple IDs and local ads, Yantai and Haiyang mentions, " 烟台交通广播 FM 103" ID and " 烟台交通广播 " jingle into ads and "iradio" mention with more station IDs, VERY weak and hard to find signal, though very likely Haiyang very good overmodulated in null of locals while being hammered by 93.3 and 93.5 Page 52

53 1542 *92.5 perfect Pyongyang FM on seek with jammer OFF and also Daejeon on seek perfect distorted CityFM, 張韶涵 " 隱形的翅膀 " very good talk show, stable perfect infomercial with Ph. # over and over into near perfect TOH ID " 山东广播电视台广播生活频道 " (again later) at 1600 and into music program, "This is [inaudible] from China!"; station has rather low volume for certain segments, recorded 15 minutes total perfect distorted Shandong news perfect heavily distorted iradio and talk PERFECT blasting talk (opposite the volume of 104.7) into call-in show, not on seek but easily about 350 degrees perfect SOLID signal, CNR talk without any distortion very good talk //100.1, with 97.9 at center? very good talk show with SNSD "Gee" in the background with comedy and laugh track and into 蔡依林 " 马德里不思议," absolutely Qixia now, confirmed with half-hour IDs " 栖霞人民广播电台 " three times at 1628 then "FM97.8" ID (unknown details, same station), perfect signal, *92.8 freaking Es BLOWTORCH playing 蕭亞軒 (Elva) " 我的男朋友 " in toward east for 3 minutes before quickly fading out, only non-cnr station on 92.8 in 300+ miles in all directions, right near IDed 88.1 a few minutes later, and music at that, weak signal with Seoul jammer bleed (jammers now on) good signal, though weak compared to before with talk, likely Mengshan now with Yishan stations perfect talk in easy null BEHIND local with both stations always audible, *89.35 absolutely SOLID Es signal, CNR-1 TOH with a moving signal in the null (confirmed as Korean local) but being attacked by a horsefly making it hard to hold the signal clearly; Lengshuijiang is the only CNR-1 signal closeby to the IDed 88.1 in at the same time; either way, it is BIG, in for 10+ minutes solid and through the TOH ID near perfect news talk with background music into station promo with ID " 交通频道汽车 881" with background music Train "Hey, Soul Sister" into 戴佩妮 " 防空洞 " very good IDs x6!! Six station IDs in 49 seconds. " 私家车广播," " 私家车广播 106.7," and " 私家车 106.7" as well as "FM 私家车广播 106 point 7 FM" with Microsoft Windows-generated music into 張懸 " 寶貝," good CityFM with Zibo interference very good " 山东广播经济频道 " half-hour ID, promos, half-hour time tones, and Shandong ads, good Taishan way off frequency and distorted but best on 98.35, confirmed as 98.2 with " 山东广播电视台广播经济频道 " ID perfect CNR-1 news still solid without distortion still in with a perfect signal perfect "iradio" ID into talk with heavy distortion but improving a bit, good in/out clear signal in the null but with no distortion and no signal on 104.3; likely Shandong News wasting time on previously-heard IDs, still near perfect now for 2+ hours with two " 山东广播电视台广播生活频道 " TOH IDs exactly the same as 1600, PERFECT loud news with minimal distortion and Weihai mention MASSIVE SIGNAL, solid and loud with no static whatsoever, talk into 辛曉琪 " 味道," with center Page 53

54 after nearly 2 1/2 hours, Yishan suddenly drops out entirely with EBS replacing it solid signal, 孟庭葦 " 真的還是假的 " into local ads and long promo, though slight distortion as compared to ten minutes ago perfect CityFM, 谢雨欣 " 谁," and 4 In Love " 一千零一個願望," with talk between but no half-hour ID good fast ID " 日照交通广播 " into talk, reclaiming its frequency from the earlier Es signal still audible in local null, also likely Rizhao compared to earlier CNR Es very good music (Korean spurs likely) with 2-way radio perfect distorted signal with 93.3 and 93.5 locals weak traditional or pop music in and out 劉德華 " 來生緣 " still playing music, 周華健 " 讓我歡喜讓我憂," with another unknown station very good talk with fast " 烟台交通广播 " IDs with 95.1 along with it, impossible to get the station alone and with both audible at once good Qixia with multiple mentions of " 烟台广播..." with different endings and into clear " 烟台新闻广播 " IDs; perhaps promos or part-time simulcasting such as a block of evening news? very good Shandong Economic still coming in still two stations at once (one music and one talk), both of them absolutely abysmal very good and far better without the earlier interference, 烟台 " mentions and into 钱琳 " 战豆 " very good CNR fading slightly with others quickly weakening after 7pm still perfect signal while most others are gone or weaker very good signal still, but CityFM is weaker and back onto only now Fun Radio Facts! Line-of-Sight Propagation and Curvature of the Earth Taishan (left) has an unobstructed path of 556 mi. (895 km.) to the listening site (right) Most stations included within this log have line-of-sight propagation on their side, though it's more complicated than it would otherwise seem. While nearly all these stations have no obstructions between their tower and the receiving radio, they are cut down in normal conditions by the curvature of the Earth. Signals such as the high mountain stations most often received in Korea typically reach about 100 mi. (160 km.) before fading out. Due to the curvature of the Earth, there comes a point where they can no longer reach the ground. When tropospheric propagation starts up, ducts trap these signals, and with nothing between to hamper their blissful travels, bring them easily across the open water, sometimes with very little loss in signal quality, despite the distance. Page 54

55 June 14, 2013 June 14, KST Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: F (21-24 C), 100% humidity, mbar air pressure Recording total: 0:47:00 Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player Korean model, earphones wire antenna Notes: unstable tropo, now heavy vegetation at the site 93.4 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 97.9 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong Economic Ch. 山东广播电视台经济频道 (363 mi. / 584 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic Ch. 山东广播电视台经济频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Happy 603 青岛经济广播快乐 603 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Jimo 山东即墨 / Jimo People's Radio 即墨人民广播电台 (371 mi. / 597 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Radio 青岛经济广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Dalian News Radio 大连电台新闻广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东人民广播电台文艺频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) Page 55

56 104.1 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (390 mi. / 628 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播电视台音乐频道 (390 mi. / 628 km.) LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Dalian Children's Radio 大连少儿广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) SD Rongcheng 山东榮成 / Rongcheng People's R. 荣成人民广播电台 (256 mi. / 412 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao News Radio 青岛广播新闻频率 (380 mi. / 612 km.) UNID: good half-hour ID, time tones and ads into CityFM jingle good Dalian likely; can't confirm it but it's flat on and Dalian is in decent later too Qingdao ID into very good CNR news with " 中央人民广播电台中国之声 " ID very good news with 93.5 local interference weak talk, as usual, but unsure if it's Korean or Chinese perfect economic news good, but in tough null of local Jeonju weak in hard null of EBS Eumseong good news and heard weak " 山东 " before the news very good with multiple Weihai ads with minor distortion and device interference in null of Baha Men "Who Let The Dogs Out" weak and unstable CityFM signal weak but audible half-hour tone without ID, though a mention of " 荣成广播电视台..." and then soon after " 荣成人民广播电台, 荣成人民广播电台 " and into hotline with stable and very good ads, but is heavy local interference good BWO "Sunshine in the Rain" then getting strong by 0845 with music promos between songs near perfect signal with overmodulation, ads into full TOH ID ("CityFM 城市之音, 济南 FM99.1, 烟台威海 FM107.8, 青岛潍坊 FM106.6, 山东广播电视台音乐频道 ") with frequencies and jingle, good CityFM 張韶涵 " 香水百合," but suddenly very weak weak with ads, quite likely to be Dalian good Shandong news with phone conversation very good talk show then ads ( ) with weak mentions of Weifang, Qingdao, and perhaps others inaudible with a few mentions of Dalian peppered throughout, in for 10+ minutes gradually fading slightly by 0915 but still generally audible good Shandong news and phone hotline fading up and down, unstable perfect in the null of strong Seosan TBN local perfect underneath from Daejeon TBN local very good talk in tough null of strong MBC Namwon signal Page 56

57 good Qingdao in hard null of Jeonju KBS Classic PERFECT! half-hour ID //100.1, very good CNR talk rather unstable and fading up and down perfect signal, normal as typical // good distorted signal in the null of Seosan local very good somewhat unstable CityFM playing 陶喆 " 一念之間 " perfect Qingdao in null of local with interference still perfect with the Seoul jammer still off, playing " 财富早班车 " program July 4, 2013 July 4, KST Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: 80 F (27 C), 100% humidity, humid and breezy, mbar air pressure Recording total: 00:05:30 Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player Korean model, earphones wire antenna Page 57

58 93.4 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Happy 603 青岛经济广播快乐 603 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播电视台音乐广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (275 mi. / 443 km.) SD Rongcheng 山东榮成 / Rongcheng People's R. 荣成人民广播电台 (256 mi. / 412 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao News Radio 青岛广播新闻频率 (380 mi. / 612 km.) UNID: 98.3, good signal in the null of Korean, Qingdao still on the air perfect CityFM though unstable then almost out, talk into self-titled 吳克群 " 吳克群," good in the null of good Korean EBS very good in/out with local interference perfect Qingdao behind local EBS unknown music with talk in hard null of Seoul along with Daegu as well, perhaps Zibo good distorted signal in the null of Gukkun Chinese talk in, but station unknown; perhaps 98.2 Taishan perfect Jeonju with 97.8 Seoul off the air perfect distorted news, in/out, just barely in good signal, in and out good with EBS, probably Qingdao perfect fading up and down with no distortion at all anymore and with promo, ads, and ID " 山东经济广播," now suddenly out now also out good signal in EBS null in and out very well //105.1 Page 58

59 July 29, 2013 July 29, KST Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: 80 F (27 C), fog, 100% humidity, mbar air pressure Recording total: 0:04:00 Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player Korean model, earphones wire antenna Notes: tropo forecast is red, but typical dead monsoon season conditions 93.4 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播电视台音乐广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) CityFM in - seemingly only receiving the high mountain stations ( 省属高山台 ) this morning Shandong News in Page 59

60 iradio in, in null of local very good Shandong Economic Radio (and 93.50) good news and into Shandong TOH filler music, Richard Clayderman "Avec Le Coeur," then after TOH, " 山东广播电视台广播新闻频道 " ID August 11-12, 2013 August 11-12, KST Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: F (32-25 C), % humidity, mbar air pressure Recording total: 4:16:00 Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player Korean model, earphones wire antenna ZJ Hangzhou 浙江杭州 / Zhejiang Satellite TV 浙江卫视 (617 mi. / 993 km.) 87.5 JS Huai'an 江苏淮安 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 (512 mi. / 824 km.) 87.6 LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Liaoning Economic R. 辽宁广播电视台经济广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) Page 60

61 *87.9 SH Shanghai 上海上海 / HitFM 劲曲调频 (514 mi. / 827 km.) *88.1 SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Rizhao Traffic Life R. 日照交通生活广播 (442 mi. / 711 km.) *88.2 JS Yancheng 江苏盐城 / Yancheng Classical FM 盐城广播电视台经典调频 (467 mi. / 752 km.) *89.4 SD Rizhao 山东日照 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (442 mi. / 711 km.) 89.9 SH Shanghai 上海上海 / Shanghai East City R. 东方都市广播 (512 mi. / 824 km.) *90.2 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang New Rural R. 连云港人民广播电台新农村广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 90.4 ZJ Ningbo 浙江宁波 / Ningbo Everyone R. 宁波人民广播电台老年与少儿广播 (608 mi. / 978 km.) *91.5 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Simul R. 青岛人民广播电台音乐体育广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) *92.7 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang Traffic R. 连云港交通电台 (478 mi. / 769 km.) *92.9 SD Changle 山东昌乐 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播电视台音乐广播 (455 mi. / 732 km.) 93.4 SH Shanghai 上海上海 / Shanghai People's Radio 上海人民广播电台 (512 mi. / 824 km.) *93.6 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 95.2 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Story Radio 青岛电台故事广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 95.3 JS Wuxi 江苏无锡 / Jiangsu Traffic Radio 江苏交通广播 (542 mi. / 872 km.) 95.6 SD Huangdao 山东黄岛 / West Coast Wealth Music R. 青岛西海岸财富音乐广播 (406 mi. / 653 km.) 96.0 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Jiangsu News Radio 江苏新闻广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 96.4 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Private Car Radio 青岛私家车广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 96.9 SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Shandong Rural R. 山东广播电视台乡村广播 (314 mi. / 505 km.) 96.9 JS Sheyang 江苏射阳 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (449 mi. / 723 km.) *97.1 SD Changle 山东昌乐 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (455 mi. / 732 km.) 97.7 SH Shanghai 上海上海 / First Financial R. 东广第一财经广播 (512 mi. / 824 km.) 97.9 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (363 mi. / 584 km.) *98.3 JS Rugao 江苏如皋 / Rugao Car Radio 如皋汽车广播 (491 mi. / 790 km.) *98.6 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 98.6 SD Zhaoyuan 山东招远 / Yantai News Comprehensive Radio 烟台新闻综合广播 (363 mi. / 584 km.) 98.8 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 98.9 SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Shandong Life Info R. 山东广播电视台生活信息广播 (442 mi. / 711 km.) 99.0 SH Shanghai 上海上海 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (512 mi. / 824 km.) 99.5 SD Huangdao 山东黄岛 / Qingdao Economic Happy 603 青岛经济广播快乐 603 (406 mi. / 653 km.) *99.6 SD Changle 山东昌乐 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (455 mi. / 732 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) *100.1 SH Shanghai 上海上海 / CRI EZFM 轻松调频 (514 mi. / 827 km.) SD Laixi 山东莱西 / Laixi People's R. 莱西人民广播电台 (363 mi. / 584 km.) *101.1 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Jiangsu Traffic Radio 江苏交通广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) *101.3 SD Yishan 山东沂山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (473 mi. / 761 km.) Page 61

62 101.7 SH Shanghai 上海上海 / Dynamic 101 上海动感 101 (512 mi. / 824 km.) *102.1 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang Comprehensive R. 连云港综合广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) SH Shanghai 上海崇明岛 / CRI News Radio 环球资讯广播 (489 mi. / 787 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Radio 青岛经济广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Yantai Traffic Radio 烟台交通广播 (314 mi. / 505 km.) SD Changle 山东昌乐 / Shandong Rural R. 山东广播电视台乡村广播 (455 mi. / 732 km.) *103.3 LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Dalian News Radio 大连电台新闻广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Rizhao Art Sports R. 日照文艺体育广播 (442 mi. / 711 km.) *104.1 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) *104.8 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang Story R. 山东生活信息广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) *105.1 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) *105.5 SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (442 mi. / 711 km.) *105.7 SH Shanghai 上海上海 / Shanghai Traffic Radio 上海交通广播 (512 mi. / 824 km.) *105.9 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Jiangsu Health R. 江苏健康广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) *106.6 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播电视台音乐广播 (363 mi. / 584 km.) *106.6 SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播电视台音乐广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Dalian Children's Radio 大连少儿广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) SD Wendeng 山东文登 / Wendeng People's Radio 文登人民广播电台 (276 mi. / 444 km.) SD Jiaozhou 山东胶州 / Jiaozhou Private Car Radio 胶州汽车广播 (398 mi. / 641 km.) *107.3 SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (275 mi. / 443 km.) SD Rongcheng 山东榮成 / Rongcheng People's R. 荣成人民广播电台 (256 mi. / 412 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao News Radio 青岛广播新闻频率 (380 mi. / 612 km.) UNID: 88.05, 91.45, 93.75, 94.85, *96.7, 97.65, 97.95, 101.1, , Summary: The following log outlines the second of the two most intense openings as heard at this site over the course of five years. While the first of the two openings, heard in 2011, went far inland, this one was concentrated largely right along the shore for the majority of the opening before moving inland. This was the first opening in which Shanghai and Zhejiang made appearances, and not only appeared, but overtook locals and were at full local strength for hours on end. This opening was especially notable for a few reasons. First, the tropo season in this part of Korea is from April 15th to June 15th every year. No matter how amazing the tropo forecast maps are during the summer months, and this one literally topped out at a forecasted special exception of 11 on a scale of 10 of the Hepburn Tropo Index, monsoon conditions make for an extremely unstable atmosphere that breaks up any reception in July and the first half of August. Despite this, I followed a gut feeling, and though I missed two trains from Seoul, I still managed to arrive at the site about 6pm to make use of the last two hours of daylight. Second, the intensity of the signals, many of them on seek at near-record distances, was mind-blowing. I was also extraordinarily lucky with station IDs, which are only given twice an hour on many stations, especially at later hours, noting I stuck it out until 4am before taking the first morning train home as I had made it only Page 62

63 halfway through the band by the time the last train left town at 11pm. Because China uses so many frequencies, I was also lucky to have sifted through all 220 frequencies and gotten the most out of them with a rather limited number of unknown stations. Ten hours of standing outside atop a wooded hillside, eight of those hours in the dark wearing shorts and a short-sleeve shirt, left me with a grand total of 160 mosquito bites. All in all, this was an opening that will remain memorable for years to come Shanghai PERFECT ads and IDs "FM 97.7," " 第一财经广播," TOH ID " 第一财经广播 FM 97.7" before and after time tones, multiple " 第一财经广播 " IDs with Korean in null of solid Shanghai, Shandong mention, very good then fading, very good CNR CNR-1 Shanghai perfect to south, though 99.0 is interference from 99.1 Seoul, //98.85 with CNR Late Peak, Alipay 余额宝, 中华人民共和国公安部, ads for Kvass, flu medicine, 中国太平保险控股有限公司, 红云红河集团, news of Anhui Feixi Co. watermelon sales, and program ID, ending with bad language in animations perfect CNR news // very good ads and talk about Chinese stock market in deep null of local, a little distorted but likely 99.5; otherwise 99.4 CNR-2 Zhenjiang near perfect ID " 山东广播电视台广播经济频道 " not Kunyushan or Gukkun, Azealia Banks "212" into multiple ads, promos ("shoot the breeze, travel the world, and that's not all..." and "join Dave?? for a two-hour stress-free fun ride, every day at 11 o'clock; there's always a bit more to learn - EZ FM, we are the difference" into EZ Cafe promo, "Music Memories, EZ Saturday, only on EZ FM") in easy null of Shandong but a little quieter, into Pink ft. Lily Allen "True Love," good story in hard null of Evanthia Reboutsika "Alexandria"; Qingdao turned off a month ago, very likely Laixi, Yangzhou possible but unlikely, but cannot confirm music (classical?) in hard null; no idea! HARD null Chinese, sounds like an opera-type traditional performance - Nantong affiliate of Jiangsu News very unlikely to air it, likely Zibo (noted as possibly //100.9 but unlikely.) PERFECT to southwest in easy null, unlikely to be Jimo, Mayday " 我不願讓你一個人," talk into Pink ft. Nate Ruess "Just Give Me a Reason," perfect in null, Tigerweather "Sunshine" background music still perfect talk into 陆虎 " 花吃泡面男 " with Korean in null, interlude music 戴佩妮 " 我們的故事 " into TOH ID "101.7, Hits Now!", ads Shanghai with ID "we're the #1 hit music station, 101.7" into 林俊傑 " 黑暗騎士 " Lianyungang still in with talk exactly on frequency, story with INT, Qingdao 劉德華 & 鄭秀文 " 盲愛," talk, into Olivia Ong " 愛夠了 " on " 中国港台分榜 " (Chinese Hong Kong and Taiwan pop chart) program Pyongyang FM solid, CNR-2 " 经济的声 " ID and "World Finance" program ID, Qingdao mixing with EBS mess behind, 2 stations? "FM... 你永远的朋友 " (your friend forever) and back into story (same as at 1912) with INT, hard to confirm it's CRI at this point - but see 1958 Page 63

64 ads into half-hour ID " 连云港人民广播电台综合广播 " and then 單色凌 " 雨下的好難聽 " good story; almost certainly Yantai Traffic instead of Shandong Rural because Shandong Rural has the volume cranked but this signal is quieter SOLID man reading funny-sounding story perfect ads with phone numbers into talk with Weihai mention, near perfect story or performance, likely iradio, ads into interlude music and TOH ID "CRI News Radio, 环球资讯广播," probably same as 1912 and 1927 as both unidentified stations seem stable 1958 * perfect story on seek, program ID sponsored by 张家港农商银行, " 连云港电台故事广播 " ID, man reads some ads himself (Diatom mud, Alzheimer's, flu (same as 1814), stomach drug, kidney health products, security door, and Lianyungang Secondary Vocational and Technical School) 2005 * perfect story on seek with another " 连云港电台故事广播 " ID with phone number 2007 *105.9 unknown songs on seek with talk between, 360-degree distorted signal, *105.9 perfect on seek, overmodulated and indecipherable ID between old songs perfect playing 付辛博 " 我们结婚吧 " into half-hour ID " 上海交通广播 " and ads 2030 *105.9 perfect! with multiple "AM 846 江苏健康广播 " half-hour IDs then back into heavy overmodulated slop 2033 *105.7 perfect, on seek, ads and multiple " 上海交通广播 " IDs, very good or perfect (perhaps on-frequency) CityFM talk a bit distorted into Escape Plan " 阳光照进回忆里 " with EBS in/out behind, _.1 ID in English (not recorded, but it's obviously "99.1" as noted from another ID in the future), very good to near perfect talk into multiple "FM106.8 胶州汽车广播 " IDs, then 本多 RuRu " 美麗心情 " unknown station, different from Jiaozhou perfect "City FM" jingle into talk then 再循环 ( 乐队 ) " 飞翔 ", slightly distorted, after a short break for recharging, PERFECT ads into two " 山东广播电视台文艺广播 " IDs with iradio mentions, perfect Qingdao with a lecture on culture and the art of modern leadership perfect CNR-2 comedy talk about the quality of people on the subway perfect story read by a man, Weihai (see 2130) perfect 李宗盛 " 鬼迷心窍 " segment into talk, " 最爱 1075 齐鲁生活时尚广播 " ID, Shandong mention then into 蒲巴甲 " 愛就是那樣簡單," perfect Qingdao " 父母学堂 " program talk about how to give children sexual knowledge, very good " 文登人民广播电台 " half-hour ID into 韩庚 " 小丑面具 " 2130 *107.3 perfect ads on seek with Korea in null, including hospital ads with information that leads back to Weihai 2133 * SOLID CityFM jingle song with huge signal on seek on both and *105.9 Lianyungang still in on seek 2137 *105.7 Shanghai on seek playing "Hello, 夜上海 " program despite EBS interference, *105.1 solid signal with comedy, *104.8 solid on seek, //105.1, , are all PERFECT, both on seek perfect Shandong Comprehensive R. talk about happiness 2144 *104.1 perfect comedy story, same show as earlier, on seek, Qingdao Page 64

65 solid story with a very brief break with a woman speaking, almost certainly 日照电台文艺体育频率 / 日照文艺体育广播 (only such frequency match on or within range in any nearby provinces, plus the format matches), some minor interference very good 烟台交通广播 playing 劉若英 " 幸福就是 " into 蔡健雅 (Tanya Chua) " 十萬毫升淚水 " with no ID, but in easy null of solid Shandong Rural signal, possibly the " 华语红歌榜 " hit song chart program two signals; a weaker 烟台交通广播 with ads and talk into 张艾嘉 " 爱的代价 " is quieter and in the harder null of very strong overmodulated Changle with " 山东广播电视台乡村广播 " ID at 2203 and with ID just before the TOH behind Yantai signal, and into what sounds like a full weather report and station promo 2206 *102.1 Lianyungang still on seek 2206 *101.3 strong unknown station with Seoul in null, playing 許茹芸 " 只說給你聽," , if not Zibo, then maybe Nantong? 2208 *101.1 subpar signal on seek in easy null of Korean with "FM 江苏交通广播 " ID into 周華健 " 有沒有一首歌會讓你想起我 "; could also be 1kw Yancheng or 10kw Nanjing, but likely Lianyungang considering the intense signals from that tower site 2210 *100.1 Shandong PERFECT and on seek 2211 *99.6 call-in show on seek with heavy echo and moderate buzz, //100.1, talk into traditional music, with 98.75, 98.85, all perfect, likely Rizhao perfect with two stations very good to near perfect Rugao talk, (see 2236 for ID on 98.30) perfect same DJ and talk as before battery charging break, Rugao two stations, the weaker of which is Qingdao with drug-selling program (man talking) with the dominant station Yantai with multiple Yantai mentions and then from behind Qingdao shortly after, an 0535 area code (Yantai) to confirm it's specifically local and not a Shandong-wide network perfect GFN English, 360 degrees 2235 *98.60 one station on seek with 0400 phone number during call-in show, as well as 0532 (Qingdao) and 0531 (Jinan) area codes, obviously Shandong 2236 *98.30 Rugao mention and Shanghai mentions, back into call-in show with phone numbers, perfect Echo of Unification very good unknown, *96.7 unknown talk on seek near perfect traditional music into talk with transmitter-side audio breaking up at times, mention of " 全国农广 " program that is simulcasted on rural radio networks, so it's Yantai, *97.1 not // very good with brief " 江苏新闻广播 FM 937" ID back into talk, Lianyungang perfect talk, Qingdao likely with " 绿色空间 " program until 1am, then battery recharging break very good CNR-1 medical ads ( 中国之声的广告最后两个都是卖药节目, 内容都一样的, 都是宁波友好医院做的 ), *97.1 perfect and on seek, overmodulated loud ads into TOH IDs " 山东广播电视台综合广播 " and ads very good pingshu ( 评书 ) story art with no ID, , almost surely 95.6 Huangdao with only other possibility inland north of Yancheng good to very good steady but weaker news and what sounds like a Jiangsu weather report with multiple " 江苏交通广播 " IDs in null of very strong Chinese story perfect story program " 音乐有故事 " with interference from local 95.1, slight distortion, so likely Qingdao with 95.1 interference Page 65

66 2321 *89.4 CNR-1 solid talk on seek, perfect 李代沫 " 我的歌聲裡 " with some local 89.7 INT, sounds like Shanghai 东方都市广播 with similar strength to the stations immediately on the water vs. those inland 2326 *90.2 perfect on seek with " 连云港人民广播电台新农村广播 " half-hour ID still perfect with 齊秦 " 我願意 " into talk about the singer and continuing with music, almost certainly Shanghai (though odd to be a major station with no half-hour ID), but there's also 临沂电台交通音乐台 CNR News still in perfect after recharging break, CNR-2 ID music with " 中央人民广播电台经济之声 " perfect English intro into The Neighbourhood "Sweater Weather," "The Verge" program on AT40, HitFM 劲曲调频, slightly distored talk introducing the next song and into 林俊傑 " 學不會," centered on 88.1 but recorded off-frequency, good with local BLOWTORCH HitFM, AT40 "Sweater Weather" into Shakira "Whenever, Wherever," PERFECT, on seek, 360 degrees talk and Ningbo ads very good with local interference into BY2 " 勇敢 " "Hit FM" ID into TOH promos, ads and into "On Air with Ryan Seacrest" #10 song Selena Gomez "Come & Get It" strong Japanese story translated into Chinese with light interference from 87.9, likely Rizhao perfect with ID "90.4 老年与少儿 " and multiple Ningbo mentions and ads into talk, strong talk, assumed Simul 0020 *87.9 still SOLID Hit FM with ads and into "AT40 with Ryan Seacrest" inside top 10 with Maroon 5 "Love Somebody" strong Japanese story with another station down low to ground, same station as at perfect talk or infomercial but not a stable signal, local interference perfect music, 饶天亮 " 爱上她是为了忘了你 " with 360-degree heavy interference from 88.15, which was assumed Rizhao but likely Yancheng music into ads with Beijing area code and strong talk with less interference, then back into same story as earlier 0037 *91.5 Simul Radio on seek, Daft Punk ft. Pharrell Williams "Get Lucky" into talk with ID "91.5 青岛音乐体育广播 " and English "89.3" ID with another behind, *88.15 strong classical music, Yancheng, on seek after battery recharge, reported a Rizhao ID as "classical & Rizhao ID" meaning is likely Rizhao, also heard with here 0059 *88.05 silence with heavy interference from 88.15, seems to have turned off for the night, with Rizhao extremely likely (see 0057 note) strong classical FM 88.2 weakening into talk and ads, one of which has a Yancheng cellular number and quiet ID by kids similar to " 盐城黄海明珠广播 " 0101 *87.9 "Hit FM Top 20 Countdown" promo with ID still on seek after an hour 0105 *91.5 Simul Radio playing U2 "Breathe" straight into 俞思远 & B.I.Z. " 太空梭 " with good but varying signal on seek 0110 *92.7 perfect silent Lianyungang, but skipped over while it was still on the air, *92.9 near perfect on seek, 五月天 " 有些事現在不做一輩子都不會做了 " with City FM mentions into promos and Jinan ads and into mention of " 山东交通广播 " and City jingle at *93.6 perfect CNR-1 talk on 360-degree seek, perfect assumed Kunyushan, but it's actually Shanghai, then battery recharge Page 66

67 0129 *93.6 CNR-1 blows through half-hour with no ID, still perfect talk on seek perfect Shanghai talk between a man and woman without distortion good talk with interference from CNR and local silent signal very distorted station ID "FM 95.2 AM 1008 青岛故事广播 " with English ID "Story Radio" very good ads into CCTV-13 中央电视台新闻频道 news, likely Qingdao perfect, Qingdao likely, then battery recharge again, perfect with multiple " 山东经济广播 " IDs, recorded on because 97.9 is trashed by Chinese station Hit FM suddenly completely gone 0159 *91.5 perfect TOH ID "Simul Radio," on seek, ads into "This is Simul Radio" twice without time tones, then into 孟茜 " 傻喇喇 D," weak or silent, perhaps has gone off the air still in perfect with news into promos and fast " 山东人民广播电台 " ID good audio of 中国好声音 (The Voice of China) aired solely on Zhejiang TV ( 浙江卫视 ), then improving to very good perfect 潘瑋柏 " 我們都怕痛 " in null of local 자유의소리, certainly Weihai 0225 *92.9 CityFM still in solid and on seek 0226 *98.7 GFN English in perfect on seek, 360 degrees Shandong News perfect with off-air music in perfect Shandong Economic off the air for the night perfect with a story, half-hour time tones, but no ID; same story announcer and ads (security door, stomach drug, flu prevention medicine, Alzheimer's drug (at time tones), cervical inflammation paste) as (see 2008) then program ID " 中国笑星 " into story in very good high null of local signal, but just a story without any information to ID it, could be either Jiangsu Traffic Radio still in weaker or else one of the Shandong Traffic Radio repeaters, likely Weihai perfect 360 degrees on seek, *102.9 perfect and on seek, , but trashed with interference perfect 360 degrees, 迪克牛仔 " 有多少愛可以重來 " straight into 赵咏华 " 我爱大海 " with no ID or talk, severe interference from Haeju over local TBN with odd jamming-like sound 0245 *103.7 Haeju perfect, *91.5 Simul still perfect and on seek 0256 *92.9 PERFECT 360-degree CityFM on seek 0257 *97.1 PERFECT off-air music on seek 0257 *99.6 perfect, on seek 0257 *100.7 still in perfect, now on seek 0257 * perfect, on seek 0258 *103.3 perfect, on seek playing 郭靜 " 回憶的閣樓," skipping TOH ID and straight into 孙楠 " 风往北吹 " 0301 *105.5 iradio still in perfect and now on seek Page 67

68 Beijing time into "FM 上海交通广播 " ID, playing "1057 车管家 " program ( 重播 ), good signal in null of silent off-air EBS strong 鄭秀文 "808" straight into 何洁 & 陈楚生 " 经过 " without ID; ; assumed CityFM was off-air or gone, but IDs later very good 林憶蓮 " 至少還有你 " into silence without ID, then into 張惠妹 " 愛永遠不會消失," certainly Dalian, *103.0 perfect slightly-distorted ads on seek after recharging break, previously logged as , mention of " 山东广播..." and into 蔡淳佳 " 他和她," so Changle 0331 *106.5 very good signal though slightly weaker, 潘越雲 " 我記得你眼裡的依戀 " into promos and mention of " 济南广播电视台 " with ads, (later to ), later "CityFM" ID but missed recording perfect again with perfect 縱貫線 " 亡命之徒 " then into childrens ad or promo, certainly Dalian Children's Radio previously logged as 103.3, playing 陳奕迅 " 路... 一直都在 " and straight into 任賢齊 " 流著淚的妳的臉," and 陶喆 " 流沙 " after 0400, again blowing through TOH ID; Dalian, weakening a bit weak signal now, recorded what seems to be the end of ID with possibly 2 stations with promo "Enjoy Urban Night Moments... 10pm 2pm... 越夜越动听 " into 張清芳 " 愛情是問也是不問 "; the station in 2017 has " 越夜越动听 " program starting at end listening session due to late hour and total lack of anything identifiable, so heading to Joe's for dinner and a smoke break - total mosquito bite count for the night from standing outside in the woods with shorts and a short-sleeve shirt: 160 bites Fun Radio Facts! What is E-Skip Propagation? (Part 1 of 2) There are two modes of propagation included in this log. One is tropospheric propagation, or "tropo," while the other is E-skip, short for "sporadic E" propagation. The troposphere is the layer of atmosphere closest to Earth, but the E layer of the atmosphere, part of the ionosphere, is about 60 mi. (100 km.) above the Earth. The two layers of the atmosphere are unrelated, therefore tropo and E-skip (often abbreviated as "Es") cannot be compared. Es most often occurs during the months of May, June, and July in the northern hemisphere. Signals that continue their usual uninterrupted path into space run into the E layer, which during those months can contain clouds of overly ionized atmospheric gas. These "clouds," refered to as the "midpoint," refract the radio signals back toward Earth at an angle, resulting in a "hop." The refraction results in stations being heard at distances between about 600 and 1,400 miles (about 950 to 2,300 km.), though in rarer events, a bit further or closer. These stations are often heard as strong as local stations at the point where they arrive back to Earth's surface, called the "endpoint," but because of the usually-unstable nature of this ionization, they often don't last more than a few minutes before fading into another station, which may be nearby, or depending on the area affected, quite the distance away. On the contrary, events that are very localized and stable can bring in the same stations for many hours, sometimes with hardly any fading. This is noted within this log on June 18, 2014, where a Quanzhou station was in solid as a local in excess of an hour. This excerpt is continued on page 77 Page 68

69 May 18, 2014 May 18, KST Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: F (26-20 C), clear, mbar air pressure Recording total: 2:06:00 Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player UK model, earphones wire antenna SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong Satellite TV 山东卫视 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 91.5 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Simul R. 青岛人民广播电台音乐体育广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 92.6 SD Huangdao 山东黄岛 / Qingdao City Life R. 青岛西海岸城市生活广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) 93.4 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 94.8 SD Haiyang 山东海阳 / Yantai Music Radio 烟台音乐广播 (327 mi. / 526 km.) 95.2 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Story Radio 青岛电台故事广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) *96.1 SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai Story Radio 威海广播故事广播 (275 mi. / 443 km.) 96.4 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Private Car Radio 青岛私家车广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 97.9 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (363 mi. / 584 km.) Page 69

70 97.9 SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) 98.2 SD Taishan 山东泰山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (556 mi. / 895 km.) 98.6 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 98.8 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (292 mi. / 470 km.) *100.1 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Yishan 山东沂山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (473 mi. / 761 km.) *101.7 SD Jimo 山东即墨 / Jimo People's Radio 即墨人民广播电台 (371 mi. / 597 km.) SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Yantai Traffic Art Radio 烟台交通文艺广播 (313 mi. / 504 km.) *102.9 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Radio 青岛经济广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) SD Yishan 山东沂山 / Shandong Life Info R. 山东广播电视台生活信息广播 (473 mi. / 761 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (442 mi. / 711 km.) SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Yantai Economic Radio 烟台经济广播 (314 mi. / 505 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播电视台音乐广播 (363 mi. / 584 km.) SD Zibo 山东淄博 / Zibo Private Car Radio 淄博私家车广播 (503 mi. / 810 km.) SD Wendeng 山东文登 / Wendeng People's Radio 文登人民广播电台 (276 mi. / 444 km.) SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (275 mi. / 443 km.) SD Rongcheng 山东榮成 / Rongcheng People's R. 荣成人民广播电台 (256 mi. / 412 km.) UNID: 88.15, 97.65, perfect almost 360 degrees, in (98.8) with distorted signal as heard on CNR-1 news nearly 360-degree perfect signal with slight distortion, perfect signal to west, with FULL 50-sec. ID, " 山东广播电视台综合广播 " into frequencies, numerous IDs into news! good to west, best down low to ground with talk into half-hour " 山东经济广播 " ID (98.2) with time tones into ads perfect Korean to south, weak music to the east, best down low but local 97.5 too powerful to get anything from it perfect talk in null of 96.5 interference, perfect story with some overmodulation in easy null of 96.1, distorted signal with severe 95.1 interference, (with INT) & with ads slightly distorted but perfect 梁靜茹 " 至少爱 " into double TOH tones with Weihai ads into what sounds like a story story still with significant 95.1 interference Page 70

71 perfect 360-degree signal with light 93.3 interference, good signal low to ground with talk between 裘海正 " 爱我的人和我爱的人 " and 楊千嬅 " 揚眉," very good signal to west with Josh Groban "Awake" into talk then "February Song," good with Shandong ads with some slight local interference and " 济南经济台 " and Qingdao mentions weak music with new Incheon local very good 360 degrees, 8-minutes, ad break though slightly distorted, 周杰倫 " 心雨 " into start of 趙薇 " 發現 " before half-hour ad break, "107.5" ID, " 荣成人民广播电台 " ID, Rongcheng ads, then 黃品源 " 花與蝶 " phone number into call-in show, perfect and loud signal, weak to good talk selling drugs with what sounds like traditional music behind or from other station; likely Zibo but possibly Dalian too, with traditional music unaccounted for and not background music to the drug ad as it has lyrics CityFM totally absent good Chinese talk in null, likely Yantai but no ID noted, weak to good moving signal with phone numbers, infomercial? very good talk into 几米 " 拥有 " piano song filler music though doesn't seem overmodulated unless it's merely too quiet for it; very likely Kunyushan weak to good infomercial into TOH full 40-second "iradio" ID with frequencies still PERFECT with Weihai ads and two mentions of " 威海音乐广播 " and back into previous call-in show very weak talk with light EBS interference weak talk possibly //104.7 with slight local interference very good talk in null of EBS, perfect ads with some distortion in local null, *102.9 perfect in easy null of local TBN, on seek, perfect with heavy local interference from *102.9 perfect talk into half-hour "FM 青岛经济广播 " and time tones with Beijing time and numerous IDs perfect talk with severe EBS interference with Yantai mention and phone numbers 1636 *101.7 perfect discussion on seek, 360 degrees, perfect but muffled talk in null of with mention of "... 频道," and what sounds like Shandong network music, and possible distorted ID into call-in show, no signal; supposedly off the air since last autumn as 99.5 Huangdao (formerly Jiaonan) replaces it massive signal good talk, // good ads with some local interference absolutely SOLID signal with ads or infomercial with each city mentioned with phone numbers, then abruptly into S.H.E. " 可愛萬歲," perfect filler music into TOH Weihai ads though no TOH ID in each null of Jayuui Sori local that just turned back on perfect ads into story with minor interference from behind perfect directional talk into The Pains of Being Pure at Heart "Beautiful You," , CityFM despite lower volume and correct modulation very weak Chinese talk Page 71

72 perfect talk with old 韦唯 "Heroic Asia" in background, perfect infomercial with no sign of ending, PERFECT signal with minor distortion, ads into "iradio" ID and 王力宏 " 一首簡單的歌 " perfect Michael Jackson "Whatever Happens" with CityFM ID and talk 1724 *101.7 still solid and on seek, *100.1 perfect signal on seek, perfect, perfect conversation between a man and woman 1731 *101.7 perfect ads with Jimo mentions into talk on seek, solid signal! perfect but distorted signal with ads highly distorted very good talk into 何潔 " 愛過的你 " 1745 *96.1 PERFECT signal on seek, sounds like a story, now, then taking a break to save battery for TOH now a very good signal playing 林俊杰 " 爱笑的眼睛 " into half of 袁婭維 " 旅行中忘記 " before TOH tones, ads, and multiple new IDs " 山东生活信息广播," and full ID then abruptly into story, Ch. 4 山东卫视 Qingdao good with a drama and then out followed by taking a break to conserve battery for half-hour IDs (is 94.8) very loud and distorted ads with multiple Weihai mentions and perhaps Qixia as well as an ID " 烟台音乐广播," into talk and ads, Haiyang relay 1819 *96.1 still perfect on seek, 360 degrees with talk very good historical story //100.1, very good to near perfect talk and ads through the half-hour mark, likely Wendeng Ch. 4 good TV audio, drama into ad break with Jinan mention and later Shandong mention (cut from recording) 1840 tropo is fading out, so ending here. Fun Radio Facts! From Start to Finish: Logging Chinese Stations It took only two weeks before China made its first appearance after moving to Songtan and it held little back. On the holiday evening of June 4, 2011, Chinese stations were noted across the dial with strong distorted signals between local frequencies. I had a crash course in Chinese radio and the Mandarin language in a real hurry and that first multi-day opening still ranks as one of the two most intense openings of my five years at that site. While I had no idea what I was hearing at that time for lack of resources and understanding, as my experience improved, my recordings and logs would later make it very easy to determine many of the now-common stations I had heard the very first day. Over time, listening to these Chinese signals would become quite effortless. By the time my final tropo season arrived, my Mandarin had improved as a result of my radio listening and I was well-aware of the available resources at hand to find the information needed, from station names to tower locations. The smartphone became a popular tool, which brought apps such as Shazam, which could quickly identify songs with mere snippets of audio, and by 2015, I had upgraded my radio from an MP3 player with earphone wires as my antenna to a portable radio, which would eventually lead to my Seoul AM Radio Listening Guide documentary, released in January Page 72

73 May 22, 2014 May 22, KST Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: F (13-19 C), fog at start, mbar air pressure Recording total: 1:33:00 Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player UK model, earphones wire antenna 93.4 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 97.9 SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) 98.8 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (292 mi. / 470 km.) *100.1 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Dalian News Radio 大连电台新闻广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) JS Xuzhou 江苏徐州 / Xuzhou Traffic Radio 徐州交通广播 (589 mi. / 948 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) Page 73

74 104.7 SD Yishan 山东沂山 / Shandong Life Info R. 山东广播电视台生活信息广播 (473 mi. / 761 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Yantai Economic Radio 烟台经济广播 (314 mi. / 505 km.) SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播电视台音乐广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) SD Wendeng 山东文登 / Wendeng People's Radio 文登人民广播电台 (276 mi. / 444 km.) SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (275 mi. / 443 km.) SD Rongcheng 山东榮成 / Rongcheng People's R. 荣成人民广播电台 (256 mi. / 412 km.) HB Wuhan 湖北武汉 / Hubei Fashion Radio 湖北时尚女性广播 (860 mi. / 1384 km.) UNID: 92.7 (Es), (Es), 94.9 (Es), 97.0 (Es), 99.3 (Es), (Tr) perfect, 360 degrees, ID and jingle into 韩磊 " 送别 " song from Season 2 of 我是歌手 TV show in February with interference from good with heavy interference from local *107.5 perfect, on seek all 360 degrees with signal centered on with CNR news and CNR News ID; EBS heard in the null, WBS Gwangju in with 김그림 " 너밖엔없더라 " under EBS signal CityFM in solid without any interference with 凤凰传奇 " 月亮之上 + 自由飞翔 ( 雷鬼舞曲版 )," in near perfect to west with CNR news, TBN heard in other directions sounds like the ending of CNR news //105.9, SOLID signal but not on seek, then abrupt cut of news feed and into " 威海综合广播 FM " ID and ads, near perfect to west with talk and " 烟台经济广播 " ID and morning news with Yantai mentions, later ID caught "....1 烟台经济广播 " weak talk with some EBS bleed on the side with what sounds like a weak ID or Shandong mention at very good to west with Shandong mentions and news very good talk and CNR music in hard null of EBS only to the east 0817 *103.7 Haeju in absolutely SOLID with the jammer on and in the null of it, briefly sounds like stereo triggered, near perfect somewhat distorted 羅大佑 " 戀曲 1980" into talk and "iradio" ID followed by CCTV-worthy 王丽达 " 共圆中国梦 " with slight Pyongyang FM interference very good ads with " 徐州交通广播 " ID at 0826 into news at 0829 then call-in show, with wire on fence, though being chased by a bee - two stations heard on a second station with a woman talking with two Dalian mentions is heard to the south with Xuzhou very good to the west intense interference, weak but stable, and what sounds like echoes with an ID or two, mentions of Dalian three times during ads, then listen to Xuzhou from 0838 onward distorted ads with possible mention of Xuzhou, but sounds more like bleed from when comparing strong Hubei IDs " 时尚 Fashion Radio" at start but then signal starts moving with interference then gone almost entirely, obviously Es interfering, then another ID rises up halfway through, perhaps from the same or other station "... 广播 " 0856 *100.1 PERFECT signal on seek, nearly 360 degrees, news into " 山东经济广播 " mention then TOH tones with Beijing time at 0900, no official ID, then into ads Page 74

75 and both out very good Chinese music 东南 " 不谈爱情 " from unknown station (none in region on 99.3, perhaps Es) in deep null of CBS local, which is playing talk into "A Lover's Concerto," then heavy Gugak interference, perfect CNR news, good music (98.7), two stations, not recorded near perfect news in easy null of Korean signal, very good news into half-hour tones, promo, ad, and mention of " 山东经济广播 " unknown Es talk in for 5+ minutes (with fades between), perfect with talk and repeating , likely an infomercial, fading up and down for a few minutes, then out, weak to good talk, unknown perfect talk discussion, stuck between locals occupying 93.4 and briefly weak, unknown KBS 1 Radio Gwangju SOLID // , assumed new local was on the air!! very good " 中国之声 " ID into TOH " 中央人民广播电台中国之声 " ID and news program still PERFECT signal as others start to fade or get weaker very good to perfect, though in tight null good talk with " 山东广播电视台综合广播 " ID into promos and news talk mixing with Korean semi-local then "News Radio, uh, Weihai News Radio" mentioned in English, good talk with comedy sound effects, , likely Wendeng good two women talking, appears //105.1, SOLID signal with 韩磊 " 走四方 " (1998) into ads and music promos with short song previews ending with By2 " 鬧鬧 Now Now Now Now" good talk with extended ad or infomercial and phone numbers with Weihai mentions and possible "iradio" mentions and " 财经广播," then into call-in show with some interference perfect signal with slight distortion but still not on seek; Weihai area ads with eventual mention of "FM 107.5" talk just audible in toward west still PERFECT signal (=94.85) loud and distorted traditional music to the southwest, sounds like Es in its pattern of fading Es talk, then out, with a second weaker station left behind as the first - almost surely weak Es - fades Fun Radio Facts! A Brief Background of Shandong Province Shandong, on a peninsula sticking out into the Yellow Sea and the closest province to Korea, is one of China's most populous and affluent provinces. Its name means "East of the Mountains" but is also refered to by its nickname Qilu ( 齐鲁 ) from the ancient states of Qi and Lu 2,500 years ago. Its highest peak is Taishan at 5,029 feet (1,532 m.), its capital is Jinan, and its largest city is Qingdao with 6.2 million. Page 75

76 May 24, 2014 May 24, KST Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: F (26-22 C), overcast, breezy, smog / 68 F in Incheon at start, mbar Recording total: 0:20:30 Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player UK model, earphones wire antenna 93.4 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 96.1 SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai Story Radio 威海广播故事广播 (275 mi. / 443 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (275 mi. / 443 km.) SD Rongcheng 山东榮成 / Rongcheng People's R. 荣成人民广播电台 (256 mi. / 412 km.) UNID: Page 76

77 perfect to west with what sounds like a story or talk, good story in the null of local and with local good story, but has local interference no CityFM to be heard very good story and into ads and talk over next few minutes, and appears // perfect behind interference of jammer (on ) and local near perfect 林宥嘉 " 殘酷月光 " into "107.5" promos and same ads as heard previously, then " 荣成人民广播电台 " before more ads perfect call-in show, Jeonju perfect perfect story, while is entirely occupied by 95.9 interference perfect discussion between man and woman with some interference from Seoul, ads into TOH tones with promo, ads and eventual " 山东经济广播 " IDs; signal fades out almost entirely 1 minute before TOH then returns from nothing to SOLID in 30 seconds entirely out - ending session as a cold front drops the temperature to 72 and is breaking it up quickly Fun Radio Facts! What is E-Skip Propagation? (Part 2 of 2) This excerpt is continued from page 68 Such intense openings can also open the possibility for double hops in which a station makes its initial hop but bounces back into space only to meet a second ionized cloud and return once again to Earth at approximately double the distance. The station, having already been degraded from its first hop, is often weaker and is heard for a shorter time. A notable exception to this is when the first hop lands on open water. This scenario was set up, as outlined in this log, on June 15, A very intense opening with endpoints in and around the Strait of Taiwan resulted in hours of strong signals, many of which were in relentlessly with little to no fading for the extent of the entire opening. Because the endpoints were over the water, primarily coastal stations were received. With the endpoints being over the water, this also opened the door for double-hop skip to Malaysia, which was noted for a period of time on two frequencies. Es has a maximum usable frequency (MUF) as the stronger the skip, the higher the frequencies that are affected by it. For instance, weak Es may only affect up to TV channel 2 (64.25 MHz in China). Moderate skip will slowly climb in frequency so that signals can be heard up to 80 or 90 MHz, into the FM radio band. Very intense skip can be heard throughout the FM dial and often beyond. The higher the MUF, the higher the chance of phenomena such as double hop. While not a great deal is known about sporadic E, we do know that it's related to solar conditions. Likewise, it will start in the morning and end after sundown, though typical openings may last only a few hours at a time in any given location. Skip can be carried further by pre-existing tropo conditions, especially in coastal areas; many listeners note that the two can often be heard together, but they are otherwise unrelated. Page 77

78 May 31, 2014 May 31, KST Location: Songtan, Korea Recording total: 0:56:00 Conditions: F (33-31 C), clear and breezy, mbar air pressure Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player UK model, earphones wire antenna 87.6 LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Liaoning Economic R. 辽宁广播电视台经济广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) 90.6 LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Liaoning Information R. 辽宁广播电视台资讯广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) 95.6 LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Dalian New Town Radio 大连新城乡广播 (340 mi. / 547 km.) 98.8 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Dalian News Radio 大连电台新闻广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Dalian Children's Radio 大连少儿广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) Page 78

79 107.3 SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (275 mi. / 443 km.) SD Rongcheng 山东榮成 / Rongcheng People's R. 荣成人民广播电台 (256 mi. / 412 km.) UNID: good traditional music into story good talk with station ID but distorted story into ads, though no ID heard; heavy interference from fading in and out with center at , difficult to hear, but Dalian mentions and multiple and Dalian IDs, assumed " 大连少儿广播 " though hard to hear, though almost all children announcers weak though good talk or story very good 阿杜 " 離別 " with interference from Jeonju PERFECT signal perfect call-in best to south with 360-degree signal, (interference on ) PERFECT Namwon with some fading Korean talk good, behind strong local playing Crowded House "Don't Dream It's Over," perfect signal with slight distortion, with another endless list of Shandong cities with phone numbers, back in weak with same call-in show after being gone a few minutes before near perfect Jeonju to the south good call-in talk with "... 广播 " ID that is too weak and fast to hear, though gets stronger after, but certainly 大连新城乡广播 Dalian with some light Korean interference then distorted as it gets stronger good comedy show into Gala " 水手公园 " then distorted stable signal with Dalian and Liaoning mentions and hard to hear IDs then man and woman reading news, best aiming south/southwest, very good stable infomercial in what seems to be a 2 1/2 minute loop, seemingly perfect signal 范瑋琪 " 一個像夏天一個像秋天 " in null of strong interference and muffled by the jammer in with no distortion in good with news in with weak talk still, though inaudible Dalian still in the null of now very good KBS Gwangju to southwest very good though weaker signal with same infomercial into half-hour ID " 辽宁广播电视台经济广播 FM88.8 AM999" and ads and into call-in program with " 辽宁经济广播 " mention very good with talk and phone numbers with Dalian mentions, into other ads, and a bit of interference at times, unknown weak traditional music good talk, different from the traditional music station and likely 95.6 Dalian with continuing ad or infomercial into TOH tones and full ID " 这里 FM103.3 AM882 大连广播电视台新闻广播 " and then ads and another "FM103.3 新闻广播 " in a long ID promo Page 79

80 still perfect signal with near perfect and 90.5 very good but distorted, ending... June 15, 2014 June 15, KST Location: Bonguisan, Chuncheon, Korea Conditions: 80 F (27 C), sunny Recording total: 2:02:00 Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player UK model, earphones wire antenna 87.5 FJ Xiamen 福建厦门 / CNR-2 China Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 (1084 mi. / 1745 km.) 89.3 TW Pingtung 台灣屏東 / Voice of the South 南方之音 (1125 mi. / 1811 km.) 89.7 TW Taitung 台灣臺東 / Voice of Taitung 台東之聲廣播電台 (1113 mi. / 1791 km.) 90.4 FJ Quanzhou 福建泉州 / Quanzhou Traffic Radio 泉州交通广播 (1040 mi. / 1674 km.) 90.5 SB Lahad Datu / RTM TraXX FM / 2x Es (2344 mi. / 3772 km.) 90.9 FJ Xiamen 福建厦门 / Xiamen Music Radio 厦门音乐广播 (1085 mi. / 1746 km.) *92.9 TW Kinmen 台灣金門 / Yes Radio 金門太武之春廣播電台 (1076 mi. / 1732 km.) *92.9 TW Taichung 台灣彰化 / City FM 城市广播网 (1042 mi. / 1677 km.) 94.0 FJ Xiamen 福建厦门 / Xiamen Private Car Radio 厦门电台私家车调频 (1085 mi. / 1746 km.) 94.8 GD Meizhou 广东梅州 / Meizhou Compreh. News R. 梅州电台综合广播 (1196 mi. / 1925 km.) 95.3 GD Guangzhou 广东广州 / Guangdong Financial R. 广东广播电视台股市广播 (1329 mi. / 2139 km.) *97.5 TW Kaohsiung 台灣高雄 / Happy Radio 快樂電臺 (1140 mi. / 1835 km.) *97.5 TW Taoyuan 台灣桃園 / Voice of IC IC 之音竹科廣播 (976 mi. / 1571 km.) FJ Quanzhou 福建泉州 / Fujian Private Car Radio 987 私家车广播 (1040 mi. / 1674 km.) *101.5 TW Miaoli 台灣苗栗 / BCC Formosa 中廣寶島網 (1017 mi. / 1637 km.) TW Kaohsiung 台灣高雄 / National Education Radio 國立教育廣播電臺 (1140 mi. / 1835 km.) TW Taipei 台灣臺北 / National Education Radio 國立教育廣播電臺 (949 mi. / 1527 km.) *102.1 TW Taichung 台灣彰化 / BCC I Like Radio 中廣流行網 (1047 mi. / 1685 km.) TW Taitung 台灣臺東 / BCC I Like Radio 中廣流行網 (1114 mi. / 1793 km.) *102.3 FJ Fuzhou 福建福州 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (952 mi. / 1532 km.) TW Miaoli 台灣苗栗 / Ai Miao Radio 愛苗廣播 (1003 mi. / 1614 km.) *102.5 TW Tainan 台灣臺南 / Ancient Capital Radio 古都廣播電台 (1119 mi. / 1801 km.) SB Kota Belud / RTM TraXX FM / 2x Es (2288 mi. / 3682 km.) *105.5 TW Nantou 台灣南投 / Happy Radio 歡喜之聲 (1048 mi. / 1687 km.) Page 80

81 105.5 TW Yilan 台灣宜蘭 / Dongshan River Radio 冬山河廣播電台 (974 mi. / 1568 km.) *107.1 GD Zhongshan 广东中山 / CRI News Radio 国际广播电台环球资讯广播 (1362 mi. / 2192 km.) *107.1 TW Chiayi 台灣嘉義 / Chiayi Global Radio 嘉義環球廣播電台 (1074 mi. / 1728 km.) *107.3 TW Kaohsiung 台灣高雄 / Voice of Han 漢聲廣播電台 [RDS] (1124 mi. / 1809 km.) Es UNID: 88.0, 88.0, 89.1, 89.9, 90.7, 90.9, 91.5, 91.7, 91.7, 92.8, 93.5, 93.5, 93.9, 94.2, 94.95, 96.1, 96.1, 99.1, 99.3, 99.3, , frequencies at top of hour "... 调频网收听频率. 臺北 雲林 苗栗 南投 98.1 台南 恆春 99.3 花蓮 玉里 臺東 澎湖 99.1 金門 88.9 馬祖 91.5" into ID, talk, and 中村中 " 友達の詩 " (on Japanese music program) and back into solid talk as I keep moving the tuner to chase the fleeing signal, *102.5 woman talking for 1+ minute, into ad with PSY "Gangnam Style" background, 阿木 " 梦想的方向 " on second station at 1314, with Joe Esposito "Lady, Lady, Lady" at 1315 on MBC with blip of previously-unknown language briefly fading up that actually matches TraXX FM Malaysian-accent English DJ (see 1456), (Ancient Capital) strong talk with birds in background and loud hum (BCC), woman talking in Amoy (Happy R.), (see also 1349) with another station with man speaking in Amoy dialect at 1323 (see also 1352) a man speaking Amoy dialect (Dongshan) breaks into Happy Radio (see also 1352) man talking and into 中村中 " 駆け足の生き様 " (on Japanese music program) with mainland station or Taipei on a different schedule breaking in with woman talking and start of Japanese Chinese group 宇宙人 (Cosmos People) " 太空警察 " 1335 *102.1 talk about Korean airport in 2009, BMW, etc. with birds in background and loud hum into ads (Häagen-Dazs, etc.) with Taitung repeater interfering with echoes interference of Taitung repeater causing echoes/interference to dominant Taichung "FM 98.7 我的快乐车生活 " (My Happy Car Life) ID into YB " 잊을게 " (local Gukkun Friends) and turning the wire into Taiwan very strong BCC abruptly breaks into local with Taiwan dialect talk about Vitamin A & C, back and forth with local Gukkun Friends 1349 *105.5 with phone numbers and ads in Hokkien dialect, " " ad at 1351 and in the middle of the " " ad at 1353, another station with Amoy dialect briefly breaks in at 1352 (see also 1321); Nantou confirmed as Hokkien dialect station, solid 360 signal on seek another station with Amoy dialect (Dongshan) briefly breaks into Nantou's signal (see also 1323) 1358 *107.3 women talking with loud hum and another station with man in likely Taiwanese Mandarin breaking in, then into unknown pop song, RDS PTY Info PS "NFA-MSP2" on (a Kinmen relay also exists) playing 王芷蕾 " 悲欢岁月," Taipei mention at 1406 into ads, introduction of 睫毛许愿法, talk about book, MPV SUVs, and health call-in with Taitung repeater interfering with echoes interference of Taitung repeater causing echoes/interference to Taichung talk about Shirley Kwan " 拒絕再玩 " All Time Favourites (same woman speaking as was speaking at 1312), with assumed RTM TraXX FM English breaking in (not local MBC, see also 1312) twice at 1412 with EEG Hong Kong-released (English) Cho Lam "Love You," very unlikely to be a mainland or Taiwan station with a Cantonese artist in English, followed by Shirley Kwan cover 辛龍 " 拒絕再玩 " 1414 *102.3 government official with Hebei dialect introducing health care reform in Cangzhou (unconfirmed but quite likely CNR-1) with Taiwan dialect and EBS breaking in with "there's so many rows and columns" then Taiwan overtaking entirely at 1417 Page 81

82 Taiwan Ai Miao overtaking CNR at 1417 with Taiwan dialect and Hokkien-influenced Mandarin phone numbers ( ) into unknown Mandarin opera song of a third [mainland] station 1421 *107.3 playing 蕭煌奇 " 慢慢走 " into woman talking again with loud hum with Chinese opera breaking in, RDS: PTY Info PS "NFA-MSP2" [a Kinmen relay also exists] 1424 *107.1 Chiayi playing 詹雅雯 " 情批 " (Hokkien dialect) with CRI News Radio 1424 *107.1 CRI News Radio " 环球资讯广播 " ID at 1426 with Chiayi Hokkien dialect behind, on seek on though CRI is 107.1, facing interference from signal unknown perfect reception station noted on but not recorded; Taitung is the only in Taiwan 1429 *101.5 BCC Taiwan dialect talk using Taiwanese words into 江蕙 & 熊天益 " 月娘啊聽我講 " unknown perfect reception station noted but not recorded two perfect reception Chinese stations noted but not recorded, unknown talk about a product with quality issues (unconfirmed but very likely CNR-2) man talking about labour surplus (unconfirmed, but likely CNR-1 Jieyang) with second station playing 萬芳 " 思念 " (likely Guangzhou Guangdong Youth Radio with 4 repeaters in Guangzhou urban area, though can't confirm it) perfect unknown reception Chinese station in the null of semi-local KBS Cool FM but not recorded two stations, with Pingtung (Hokkien dialect) in back; 魏如昀 " 聽見下雨的聲音 " into 庾澄慶 " 命中註定 " (" 帶領聽眾認識客家音樂, 了解客家文化.") playing " 哈客生活館 " program (Hakka programming from 1-2pm on Taitung) with WBS Seoul semi-local playing Whitney Houston "I Wanna Dance With Somebody" talk with ads and Taipei phone number of the Workforce Development Agency 勞動力發展署 , "you are what you eat," heard on 89.85, but all frequencies distorted; could be Tainan, Taichung, Hsinchu (former pre-2014 Voice of Labour station), or Yilan multiple Quanzhou mentions and ads ( 泉州儿童医院 ad 10 sec. after English) with announcer briefly changing to Amoy dialect followed by ID at 1457 with 2x hop Es South Asian-accented English ("we are so... you know, like, despite one"?) breaking in prior at 1456, another ID "FM 904" at Traxx FM Malaysia breaks into 90.4 Quanzhou with a strong Malaysian-accented English DJ ("we are so... you know, like, despite one"?) for about 5-10 seconds, confirmed by TraXX FM in Malaysia as likely them with confirmation that the accent is Malaysian, 2x Es and DJ's voice is //102.5 snippet (see 1312) perfect unknown reception of Taiwan dialect female talk into 許哲珮 " 孩子王," could be either 臺南市 (Voice of Aixiang 愛鄉之聲廣播電臺 ) or 南投市 (Shan Cheng R. 山城廣播電臺 ) perfect unknown reception Chinese station in the null of semi-local CBS Daejeon but not recorded (multiple Taiwanese matches possible, see also 1535) very good omni-directional signal, end of 增山裕纪 " 擦肩而过 " into 展翼 (Zayin) " 背叛进化论 " very good unknown reception Chinese news with a second Chinese station, but not recorded (multiple Taiwanese or mainland matches possible) perfect unknown reception Chinese in null of semi-local CBS Music but not recorded with only Taiwanese station in 澎湖縣 (Penghu Co.) 大地之聲廣播電臺 (Voice of the Great Land) just missed the ID, into talk and The Verse " 夜曲 " (unconfirmed, but likely Xiamen) on perfect pop music with second station in back; Shenzhen has a network of urban repeaters, Shenzhen Private Car iradio ( 深圳私家车广播 ) or Zhangzhou Fujian Economic R. ( 福建经济电台 ) with few other 94.2 stations in region (unconfirmed and not recorded) Page 82

83 playing 吴奇隆 " 烟火 " solid signal from with woman (same station) talking over the song at times (only Mandarin station in region, IDed later at 1538) unknown perfect reception music noted on but not recorded; the area is mostly void of 95.0 and 94.9 is CNR-1 Xiamen and CNR-2 Fuzhou Yes Radio [0:07] 金门县环保局焚烧废弃物罚款 ; [0:26] 金门县卫生局民众体检补助 3500; [1:15] " 太武之春 " 广播电台 ( 金门电台 ) 大陆地区商家广告投放, 厦门热线 ; [01:53] 金门县长 " 欢迎内地朋友前往金门旅游 ;" [2:15] into 增山裕紀 " 一開始," with City breaking in throughout playing Gala "Young For You ( 中英字幕 )" intro music into talk with " 厦门音乐广播 " ID 10 seconds after song ends; another perfect traditional music station as well unknown very good reception with missed ID and device interference; briefly recorded before giving up and moving on (multiple possible matches in Taiwan alone) 1529 *92.9 "City Café" mention, " 彰化," 7-Eleven, " 城市广播网 FM 92.9 城市广播 " ID into 张惠妹 " 爱什么稀罕 " while Kinmen breaks in playing ZIP 发射乐团 " 爱的黑暗面 " 1529 *92.9 Yes playing ZIP 发射乐团 " 爱的黑暗面 " behind dominant City FM unknown perfect reception talk facing interference from strong 92.9 Yes Radio City playing 张惠妹 " 爱什么稀罕 " before Kinmen overtakes it 1531 *92.9 Yes breaking into City playing ZIP 发射乐团 " 爱的黑暗面 " and into 展翼 (Zayin) " 未完的旋律 " as Kinmen overtakes City FM unknown perfect reception of two Chinese stations with total absence of semi-local CBS Daejeon but not recorded (multiple Taiwanese matches possible, see also 1508) full ID " 聆听 FM94.8, 聆听 FM101.9, 聆听世界客都的声音, 这里是梅州电台综合广播. 梅州电台综合广播收听频率 : 梅州城区 FM101.9, 梅县兴宁五华丰顺 FM94.8 大埔 FM99.8 平远 FM94.0 蕉岭 FM98.8" into ad and 刘德华 " 谢谢你的爱," intro with background music Samantha Mumba "Always Come Back To Your Love," then introducing travel to Hangzhou (with mention of "our Guangdong" confirming station origin as Guangdong) with music continuing into CoCo Lee "Feelin' Good" (Mandarin), recorded on and logged clearly as a talk station (unconfirmed, one of few networks in the region and with over a dozen urban repeaters on this frequency in Guangzhou and suburbs) very good unknown reception of two Chinese stations with interference from local 95.9 MBC but not recorded (two Taiwanese matches possible, both BCC i Radio Tainan and Miaoli) 1554 *97.5 Taiwan mentions, ads and talk about JCPenney, both Mandarin and Hokkien dialects, with " 快樂電臺 FM97.5 & 92.3" ID at 1558 with Voice of IC briefly breaking in multiple times finally with a phone number ad at 1559 (with device interference causing reception issues overall) 1559 *97.5 Voice of IC briefly breaking into Happy Radio multiple times and finally with a phone number ad at 1559, " ," 新竹徐文锦眼科 in Hsinchu with IC dominating with ads after 1600, ad for 東方文華 realty " " twice at 1602 and 1603 with multiple Hsinchu mentions (with device interference causing reception issues overall) talk still in strong, now with the main Taipei station seemingly largely out of sync but with the same programming (the two do not always share the same schedule) main Taipei station with the same programming as Kaohsiung but either not in sync or on a different schedule, both in strong with Kaohsiung dominating still in after two hours with very good reception quality and loud background hum, though RDS is now absent very good unknown talk in but weaker than earlier; may be Nantou or may have since changed; not recorded Page 83

84 playing Taylor Swift "Today Was A Fairytale" into Taipei mentions and ads before Es starts to fade, still in strong after three hours then abruptly drops out at 1610 as Es cloud moves or MUF very rapidly drops, leaving what sounds like a very weak KBS Classic Daejeon very good unknown reception Chinese talk with semi-local Gugak Seoul, but not recorded (multiple Taiwan matches possible) ads, station breaking up due to device interference when internal light turns off, but double ID to close out the Es session with a baby saying "IC 之音 97.5" after the IC ad break with some filler music and right into a " 快樂電臺 FM97.5" ID at 1614 as MUF rapidly drops into oblivion 1615 all Es has abruptly disappeared after what was a very unexpected opening with the MP3 player clock set one week and four minutes behind, though a great showing for recording TOH IDs four minutes too late! Onward to the mountain peak for a quick local bandscan from 1640 to 1740 (the intention of the trip) before the battery would quickly drain, but after the fact, the Es was well worth it... June 17, 2014 June 17, KST, KST Location: Jeongdongjin, Korea / 37 41'23.6"N '02.1"E Location: Hoengseong Seoul, Korea (Yeongdong Expwy.) Conditions (Jeongdongjin): 68 F (20 C), 90% humidity, overcast Recording total: 1:46:00 Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player UK model, earphones wire antenna *88.1 FJ Quanzhou 福建泉州 / Quanzhou Music Radio 泉州电台音乐之声 (1079 mi. / 1736 km.) [A] 88.5 FJ Xiamen 福建厦门 / Fujian Economic R. 福建经济电台 (1116 mi. / 1796 km.) [A] *98.1 HE Shijiazhuang 河北石家庄 / Hebei Rural Radio 河北电台农村广播 (751 mi. / 1209 km.) [B] 98.3 HE Baoding 河北保定 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (675 mi. / 1086 km.) [D] 99.6 SX Datong 山西大同 / Datong Traffic Radio 大同交通广播 (787 mi. / 1267 km.) [E] NM Sonid Zuoqi 内蒙古苏尼特左旗 / Xilin Gol Mongolian R. 锡林郭勒盟蒙语综合广播 (870 mi. / 1400 km.) [C] Es UNID: 88.75, 97.1, 99.75, 100.0, , 100.3, 106.1, 107.1, [A] Received from Jeongdongjin, Gangneung / 37 41'23.6"N '02.1"E [B] Received from Yeongdong Expwy., Hoengseong / 37 26'47.5"N '14.4"E [C] Received from Yeongdong Expwy., Munmak, Wonju / 37 17'53.3"N '05.6"E [D] Received from Yeongdong Expwy., Yeoju / 37 15'14.5"N '49.9"E [E] Received from Yeongdong Expwy., Icheon / 37 14'24.4"N '32.0"E Quanzhou Music Radio morning call-in talk show directional to south, solid with only a few fades in 8+ minutes before receding, 泉州 mention, " 泉州..." ID faded with another (opera) station briefly breaking in at 1020 perhaps on neighboring frequency Page 84

85 still solid Quanzhou talk but 88.1 is dealing with local spur interference, so moved up a bit to avoid it with only minor distortion 1026 *88.1 moved back down and found MASSIVE signal on gazebo floor (360 degrees by the end), now in nearly perfect for 20+ minutes by 1035, call-in show into 羽泉 " 深呼吸 " and half-hour ads, Beijing time, extended ID promo with 五月天 (Mayday) " 由我們主宰 " Coca-Cola FIFA theme background music, "FM 881 泉州音乐之声 " three times with English "88 point 1 FM" and "Quanzhou Music Radio" twice, with some light spur interference now and then, , on seek Fujian Economic Radio overcomes another weak station, now in with half-hour ads and " 福建经济电台 " ID into more ads, fades then back strong with talk with MP3 player plastered to the gazebo floor in very good with 孫燕姿 " 愛情證書 " and a second station weaker behind with talk before both fade out Quanzhou Music Radio still in after 50 minutes, though now weak on the floor with multiple Chinese and English TOH IDs, time tones, and local ads, now solid signal again 1423 *98.1 massive signal with talk into traditional songs back into call-in with some local interference, but China dominating [Location: 37 26'47.5"N '14.4"E] very good ad selling drugs with another station interfering slightly from behind, but no information from this reception to gain local insight [Location: 37 24'03.4"N '00.0"E] 1432 *98.1 Hebei still in, but Seoul is starting to interfere a lot more as the signal wanes, still in with traditional music same station still in with very good talk but very quickly fading [Location: 37 21'54.6"N '08.5"E] Chinese station interfering with Korean, but nothing at all to go on call-in talk very good breaking through on otherwise open frequency, but briefly [Location: 37 18'43.4"N '35.6"E] talk in and out but currently too infrequent to gain much information, then interference from [Location: 37 17'53.3"N '05.6"E] strong talk with man and woman talking with on/off heavy interference from loud station strong Mongolian music from Inner Mongolia folk singer 哈琳 " 夏牧场彩虹 " though slightly distorted and mixing with another briefly, perhaps Korean; only two non-cnr stations, both 107.1, Bayan Nur and Xilin Gol, likely Sonid Zuoqi (full station name / 全称 : 锡林郭勒盟广播电视台蒙语综合广播 ) severe interference of local signal talk and into ads often exclusively aired by CNR-1, signal fades in latter half of ads and then back into call-in talk, though sounds like two stations mixing, a second still with ads and getting stronger over 5+ minutes of listening, then out, , only CNR-1 within this Es area is in Baoding [Location: 37 15'14.5"N '49.9"E to Jungbu Expwy.] listening through the TOH with ads in strong with supposed Liaoning mention then into time tones, Beijing time, and into " 中央人民广播电台中国之声 " TOH ID with CNR music; most likely is 山西省忻州市繁峙县 (1kw) or 内蒙古自治区乌兰察布市四子王旗四子王调 (1kw) [Location: 37 14'26.0"N '39.5"E] Datong Traffic Radio strong with instant " 大同交通广播 " ID then more later, into call-in show, block of SOLID ads and Datong mentions, some periods of absence but back with another ID and ads a few minutes later, then more call-in - recorded for 16 min. (then 7 min. more in Bundang) on 99.6 then [Location: 37 14'24.4"N '32.0"E to Gyeongbu Expwy.] brief strong reception with toll-free number ad with 99.9 interference Chinese talk or ads mixing with KBS Classic, but nothing identifiable [Location: 37 20'06.8"N '14.7"E] back to Datong, unknown Mongolian-sounded music into half-hour time tones and ads for another 6 minutes and seems gone, if only temporarily, at 1535 [Location: 37 21'54.3"N '12.4"E] Page 85

86 PERFECT generic Chinese station filler music Bandari "Annie's Wonderland" into Bandari "One Day in Spring" but required to get off the bus 8 minutes in (perhaps the signal would have faded before the TOH either way), likely Hohhot 呼和浩特市广播电视台交通广播 or else 张家口人民广播电台综合广播, unlikely Inner Mongolia Music Radio [Location: 37 27'48.6"N '24.1"E] 1548 had to get off the bus at the Express Bus Terminal and despite the solid signals in the bus, there was NOTHING outside the bus, not a peep of a signal anywhere in the vicinity May 17, 2015 May 17, KST Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: F (27-22 C), mbar air pressure Recording total: 0:42:00 Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player UK model, earphones wire antenna Equipment: Grundig G8 Traveler II Digital portable, Olympus WS-821 digital voice recorder Notes: seek not monitored Page 86

87 93.4 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) *100.1 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) *103.8 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Rongcheng 山东榮成 / Rongcheng People's R. 荣成人民广播电台 (256 mi. / 412 km.) traditional music in, best on slightly distorted, fading in good to very good with endless - about 32 total - station names (assumed infomercial) pop music in good traditional music into talk, slightly distorted and sounds very unlike what it usually sounds like, now perfect yet still quite distorted with news and talk then clear 1757 *103.7 Pyongyang FM with totally open signal with almost no distortion and into TOH ID with jammer off the air perfect ads and ID with some distortion very good talk or comedy show into 吉克隽逸 " 我是女王 " with some interference from Pyongyang; blocked by Pyongyang FM Pyongyang FM goes off the air now in solid with 20dBµ on the portable perfect Twins " 莫斯科沒有眼淚 " into ads then comedy, now on , , 20dBµ very good talk with " 威海新闻综合广播 " mention into ads perfect signal, 張韶涵 " 淋雨一直走官方完整 " into half-hour talk, "iradio" mentions, and ads, then continuing with comedy show very good talk Daejeon MBC in solid at 25dBµ with lack of Seoul jammer very good Jayuui Sori with MBC to the south 1852 *103.8 perfect comedy show continues, noting no distortion 1859 *100.1 perfect, yet distorted signal with ads into TOH ID Fun Radio Facts! Some Log Statistics to Consider Countries heard: South Korea, North Korea, China, Taiwan, Russia, Japan, Malaysia, and Thailand, but it seemed Mongolia was too sparse to make the list Languages heard: Korean, Chinese (Mandarin, Cantonese, Amoy, Teochew, Hokkien, Hakka), English, Japanese, Mongolian, Russian, Buryat, and Thai Audio recorded: Post-editing, 850+ recordings totaling in excess of 25 hours are associated with the loggings seen here, not including domestic recordings Number of times Es ruined my bandscans: Twice; once in Chuncheon and again in Jeongdongjin, local bandscans were crushed by massive Es openings Page 87

88 May 24, 2015 May 24, KST Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: F (27-17 C), under 35% humidity, breezy, mbar Recording total: 1:45:00 Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player UK model, earphones wire antenna Equipment: Grundig G8 Traveler II Digital portable, Olympus WS-821 digital voice recorder SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong Satellite TV 山东卫视 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 87.7 SD Wendeng 山东文登 / Wendeng Music Story Ch. 文登音乐故事频道 (276 mi. / 444 km.) *91.5 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Simul R. 青岛人民广播电台音乐体育广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 92.7 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang Traffic R. 连云港交通电台 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 93.4 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 93.6 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 95.2 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Story Radio 青岛电台故事广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 96.4 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Private Car Radio 青岛私家车广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) Page 88

89 98.6 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 98.8 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (292 mi. / 470 km.) *99.5 SD Huangdao 山东黄岛 / Qingdao Economic Happy 603 青岛经济广播快乐 603 (406 mi. / 653 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) *101.7 SD Jimo 山东即墨 / Jimo News Traffic Radio 即墨新闻交通广播 (371 mi. / 597 km.) *102.9 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Radio 青岛经济广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) *104.1 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 [RDS] (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Yishan 山东沂山 / Shandong Life Info R. 山东广播电视台生活信息广播 (473 mi. / 761 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Huangdao 山东黄岛 / Shandong Life Info R. 山东广播电视台生活信息广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Yantai Economic Radio 烟台经济广播 (314 mi. / 505 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播电视台音乐广播 (363 mi. / 584 km.) SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (275 mi. / 443 km.) SD Rongcheng 山东榮成 / Rongcheng People's R. 荣成人民广播电台 (256 mi. / 412 km.) *107.6 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao News Radio 青岛广播新闻频率 (380 mi. / 612 km.) UNID: 101.3, 104.7, good in the null of local 103.9, while is the Seoul jammer playing very faint music; unsure if the signal is Qingdao or Kunyushan, but given the others in the Weihai area, probably the norm also has a very faint signal playing very faint music faint signal in the null of locals very good but very distorted signal with ID that sounds like Wuhan Traffic Radio, but likely just Qingdao, then into call-in show in null of 95.1 local interference very good Chinese talk into 鄭伊健 " 但願你知道 " with some local interference; is trashed frequency is totally trashed signal is clear on when 95.1 is silenced, but still very distorted on good signal, 郝云 " 突然想到理想這個詞 " into brief talk " 为你报时 " and then 蔡琴 " 夜上海," but most of the talk cannot be heard aside from the background music over it good talk in the null of local, though with some light local interference only has a very faint signal despite Qingdao booming near perfect talk in null of local into half-hour time tones and ID "FM 青岛经济广播 " with other IDs, Chinese talk signal in very good down low with EBS elsewhere, Qingdao not very easy to isolate and being killed by 다비치 " 사랑과전쟁 " Page 89

90 perfect Qingdao with talk but absolutely trashed by local, better on but somewhat distorted; can be heard decent down low but still with local weak Chinese music with Namwon MBC, good to very good signal with talk and ads with ID for " 即墨新闻交通广播 " and later " 即墨广播电视台新闻交通广播 " with plenty of Jimo mentions into talk or comedy show now very good to perfect talk though still with local interference now in with a near perfect signal talk with a near perfect signal without local interference weak talk vs. music with MP3 player interference; Chinese talk to east and music (confirmed as Korean, Toy "U & I") to west SOLID talk or comedy show with very minimal local interference from near SOLID talk that fades into half-hour time tones and "102-point-9 FM 青岛经济广播 " ID and ads with minimal to no local interference, 20dBµ in stereo perfect signal, , 15dBµ in easy null of local with 蘇芮 " 酒矸倘賣無 " (1983) into talk then the 1985 song " 親愛的小孩 " by the same artist, 10dBµ perfect signal with very slight distortion, 15dBµ and almost 360 degrees perfect signal, 20dBµ perfect signal, 20dBµ perfect signal, 20dBµ with both FM and AM ID perfect signal, 20dBµ, , all distorted but perfect Simul Radio with 蔡淳佳 " 愛如潮水 " into TOH ads with Qingdao mentions (after recording) with some MP3 player interference, 15dBµ 1759 * solid jingle and "107.6 News Radio" TOH ID into time tones and ads with " 青岛广播新闻频率 " ID into call-in show with very minor interference, 35dBµ in stereo! story in good at 7dBµ with second station in with old music similar to North Korean music at 3dBµ, most likely Shandong Rural Radio in Dezhou Chinese AC music, 2dBµ, not parallel to iradio in Rizhao; one station in Dezhou and another in Zibo possible 1818 *102.9 music in solid, in at 30dBµ in stereo 1825 *104.1 solid signal with call-in show, RDS PTY Info PS "104.1", 30dBµ in stereo and almost perfect 360 degrees, , on seek perfect comedy show with iradio ID after the top of the hour, 25dBµ 1828 *104.1 solid signal with RDS and in STEREO on the MP3 player and on seek on with CNR 2 music (twice) into " 经济之声 " and " 中央人民广播经济之声 " half-hour ID, 35dBµ good to very good comedy performance into 曲婉婷 " 沒有什麼不同 " and talk and call-in show while being chased by a bee perfect talk, may be Qingdao or Kunyushan, Pyongyang FM is now on the air, perhaps since near perfect signal with call-in show into TOH ads with TOH ID as " 山东广播电视台生活信息广播 " but then IDing multiple times also as " 山东广播电视台广播生活频道," , 20dBµ good audible Chinese talk into music but with heavy interference, likely Yantai, but total occupied weak talk into music, 5dBµ on the Grundig; interesting weak signal compared to TV tower signals, and no sign of 97.9 either Page 90

91 1925 *104.1 now in SOLID at 40dBµ in stereo!! 1930 *91.5 solid signal on seek, talk with no IDs except a single Qingdao mention good 羽泉 " 桃花源 " into TV-sounding drama that seems to be a comedy story, , 5dBµ very good news broadcast with Shandong mention very good music but jammer, which is now on, is too loud solid signal, 35dBµ in stereo! solid signal, 30dBµ in stereo in at only 10dBµ compared to stronger southern stations in at 20dBµ good CNR music into ads and TOH ID " 中央人民广播电台中国之声 " 2002 *91.5 SOLID Simul Radio with multiple Qingdao mentions and "weather forecaster from Simul Radio, now," and "Simul Radio" ID and ads, 30dBµ in stereo perfect signal with talk, though a bit distorted, 25dBµ in mono; has 98.5 local interference 2009 *99.5 solid talk on seek, , 25dBµ in stereo unknown traditional music very good into call-in show without any IDs, noted good talk 15 minutes before too 2015 *101.7 perfect signal on seek, 25dBµ in stereo 2016 *102.9 perfect signal on seek perfect signal with RDS playing 潘瑋柏 " 路太弯 " on SOLID signal, though not on seek with good Qingdao signal playing 潘瑋柏 " 路太弯 " //104.7 with minor MP3 player interference very good talk or news slowly fading into the half hour with Wendeng driving school ad among other Wendeng mentions, some MP3 player interference Left: The Xuzhou skyline and its TV tower with Yunlong Lake in the foreground. Xuzhou Traffic Radio, a common catch on 103.3, broadcasts from this 656-foot (200 m.) tower. ( 徐州电视塔 ) ( 青岛电视塔 ) Right: The Qingdao TV Tower rises above the former German and Japanese colony with the Yellow Sea behind. The 761-foot (232 m.) tower is home to some of the most common stations heard in Korea. Page 91

92 May 25, 2015 May 25, KST Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: F (28-17 C) and breezy, mbar air pressure Recording total: 2:03:00 Equipment: Samsung Yepp Q2 MP3 player UK model, earphones wire antenna Equipment: Grundig G8 Traveler II Digital portable, Olympus WS-821 digital voice recorder 91.5 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Simul R. 青岛人民广播电台音乐体育广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 92.7 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang Traffic R. 连云港交通电台 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 93.4 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 93.6 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 95.2 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Story Radio 青岛电台故事广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 96.4 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Private Car Radio 青岛私家车广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 98.8 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 99.5 SD Huangdao 山东黄岛 / Qingdao Economic Happy 603 青岛经济广播快乐 603 (406 mi. / 653 km.) Page 92

93 100.1 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Yishan 山东沂山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (473 mi. / 761 km.) SD Jimo 山东即墨 / Jimo News Traffic Radio 即墨新闻交通广播 (371 mi. / 597 km.) JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang Comprehensive R. 连云港综合广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) *102.9 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Radio 青岛经济广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 (380 mi. / 612 km.) SD Yishan 山东沂山 / Shandong Life Info R. 山东广播电视台生活信息广播 (473 mi. / 761 km.) *104.8 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang Story R. 山东生活信息广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Rongcheng 山东榮成 / Rongcheng People's R. 荣成人民广播电台 (256 mi. / 412 km.) SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao News Radio 青岛广播新闻频率 (380 mi. / 612 km.) AMU Belogorsk Амурская Белогорск / R. Rossii Радио России Амур (957 mi. / 1540 km.) YEV Birobidzhan Еврейская Биробиджан / R. Rossii Радио России Бира (862 mi. / 1387 km.) AMU Skovorodino Аму. Сковородино / R. Rossii Радио России Сковородино (1176 mi. / 1893 km.) AMU Svobodny Амурская Свободный / R. Rossii Радио России Амур (990 mi. / 1593 km.) ZAB Aginskoye Забайкальский Агинское / R. Rossii Радио России Чита (1148 mi. / 1848 km.) KHA Chegdomyn Хаб. Чегдомын / R. Rossii Радио России Дальневосточная (1016 mi. / 1635 km.) ZAB Krasnokamensk Забайкальский Краснокаменск / R. Rossii Радио России Чита (1004 mi. / 1616 km.) 72.8 KHA Khabarovsk Хаб. Хабаровск / R. Rossii Радио России Дальневосточная (889 mi. / 1431 km.) SN Xi'an 陕西西安 / Shaanxi Satellite TV 陕西卫视 (1037 mi. / 1669 km.) 87.5 NM Bayan Nur 内蒙古巴彦淖尔 / Inner Mongolia Music R. 内蒙古人民广播电台音乐之声 (1087 mi. / 1749 km.) 87.7 HL Suihua 黑龙江绥化 / Suihua Storytelling Radio 绥化评书广播 (659 mi. / 1061 km.) 87.7 NM Sonid Youqi 内蒙古苏尼特右旗 / Inner Mongolia Mong. Compreh. R. 内蒙古电台蒙古语综合广播 (859 mi. / 1382 km.) 87.7 AMU Blagoveshchensk Амурская Благовещенск / Autoradio Авторадио (912 mi. / 1468 km.) 87.8 NM Xilinhot 内蒙古锡林浩特 / Inner Mongolia Rural Pastoral R. 内蒙古人民广播电台农村牧区广播 (747 mi. / 1202 km.) 87.8 NM Hanggin 内蒙古杭锦 / Inner Mongolia Compreh. Chinese R. 内蒙古电台汉语综合广播 (1012 mi. / 1629 km.) 88.9 HL Mohe 黑龙江漠河 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (1116 mi. / 1796 km.) 90.4 NM Liangcheng 内蒙古凉城 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (798 mi. / 1284 km.) UNID: (Es), 87.5 (Es), 87.7 (Es), 87.8 (Es), 97.1 (Es), (Tr) Авторадио in very good with Amur ads, station phone number for Blagoveshchensk, and "Авторадио" mentions into Чай Вдвоем "Белая ночь," mixing with a Chinese station near perfect Ch. 4 signal 陕西卫视 into ads, including ad for a Xi'an hospital, matching with 12.5kw Shaanxi Satellite TV Page 93

94 two weak Chinese stations SOLID signal of call-in show between a man and a woman noted for a few minutes before fading out, probably Qiqihar, Heilongjiang but no information to be sure of it strong signal of 绥化评书广播 with snippet of 刘紫玲 " 我一见你就笑 " into ad break including an ad for a car dealership in Suihua, then back into callin program perfect Lianyungang behind loud jammer, but nonetheless audible " 连云港交通广播 " ID into what sounds like a call-in show good signal, but locals are too strong to isolate it Chinese in good with talk 1547 *102.9 perfect signal with ads into " 青岛经济广播 " ID and then call-in show in easy null of local, on seek very good signal perfect signal very good signal but always with local and unable to isolate very good GFN English in easy null good man and woman talking in what sounds like an infomercial with supposed Rizhao mentions, but ads lead into TOH tones and " 中央人民广播电台 " ID very good talk with local slop, unable to fully isolate, but speech is understandable possible Chinese under local station perfect news with local interference very good talk and ads into CNR music and " 中央人民广播电台经济之声 " ID and news, in easy null of local; a bit distorted at first then solid, very good iradio with blocked by Seoul Qingdao very good up high with talk and Shandong mentions but cannot null out strong local; half-hour time tones heard at 1630 but talk continues through them Es up high to the south in good for 3+ min., CNR-1 music and news without ID; only three options within Es range: two in Heilongjiang, both a bit short (90.4 伊春市南岔区, 90.5 伊春市铁力市 ), and Inner Mongolia (90.4 乌兰察布市凉城县 ) coming in also with weaker stations solid news for 5+ minutes with " 中央人民广播电台 " IDs twice heard with only a single possible Es-range match nationwide Mandarin talk with music behind it with similar Inner Mongolia strength into old K-pop 강철 " 지킬수없는약속 " in and out Russian playing Леонид Агутин и Tomas N'Evergreen "Ай яй яй," Авторадио still in after 90+ minutes (only 87.7 Russian signal in the east) good traditional music in and out, likely Mongolian, but both likely stations are the same shorter distance with similar programming; quite likely the Mongolian-language 内蒙古人民广播电台新闻综合广播 ( 蒙语 ) Inner Mongolia Music Radio with trilingual ID, " 内蒙古人民广播电台音乐之声, Өвөр Монголын Ардын Радио дуу хөгжим Радио, Music Radio Inner Mongolia," into more ads before disappearing (67.82 Радио России, ГТРК Амур) in with solid Russian talk about terrorists perfect Radio Rossii // (67.82 Радио России, ГТРК Амур) still solid talk with "Радио России" half-hour ID into Julie London "Cry Me A River" //68.4, which is much weaker (69.92 Радио России, ГТРК Амур) in strong with half-hour break with multiple Radio Rossii IDs but significantly more fading than 67.8 Page 94

95 (72.80 Радио России, ГТРК Дальневосточная) very weak and not // Radio Rossii (perhaps broken from national feed for half-hour news, so certainly not Amur; later ceased broadcasting ) (70.16 Радио России, ГТРК Дальневосточная) perfect //69.9 still talking about terrorism perfect but struggling a bit with fading, 10dBµ //70.2 still talking about terrorism (69.32 Радио России, Сковородино РТПС) weak but //67.8 signal with talk, only station aside from Дальнереченск, Приморский (too short for current conditions) in Es range (15dBµ) (15dBµ) all parallel with Radio Rossii unknown signal at 20dBµ being slammed by 87.8 traditional music traditional music, likely Mongolian, very strong at 15dBµ lasting until immediately before the TOH, almost surely 内蒙古人民广播电台农村牧区广播 TOH tones and talk but without ID, though " 法治直播间," a program only airing on this network, 内蒙古电台汉语综合广播, was mentioned just before the TOH all still in with Radio Rossii KBS 1 Radio Gwangju in near perfect //90.3 local very good between locals with call-in show very good Chinese, likely 95.2 Qingdao very good story with local interference PERFECT Chinese talk then totally gone, likely Es perfect up high in hard null with local news and talk still blasting in very good Jimo with MBC Namwon and possibly another station in 1827 *102.9 perfect Qingdao on seek perfect CNR-2 in easy null (67.82 Радио России, ГТРК Амур) perfect to south, 25dBµ in on/off stereo, with Arcturus "The Arcturian Sign" into talk then Kontinuum "Breathe" on "Рок-Программы Дмитрия Добрынина" program weak but in well at 5-10dBµ still solid while finishing Kontinuum "Breathe" into program talk, but with another Radio Rossii station behind briefly with a slight echo into Powerwolf "Army of the Night" very good news into ads and more news, 5-15dBµ very good Chinese talk good music, likely Rongcheng weak talk in/out, perhaps Dalian slightly distorted talk in at 15dBµ (67.88 Радио России, ГТРК Бира) now solid with 67.8 weakening TV audio in at 5dBµ, SOLID and loud with stable signal with mention of weather for Hedong (perhaps refering to the Yuncheng area?) with music in the background with what appears to be an echo, Es or Tr? then multiple stations in at once TOH time tones with Moscow mention with news but signal echoes with parallel programming but one highly distorted (67.9) back and forth, 15dBµ perfect Radio Rossii news continuing but highly distorted (likely 67.8 as 67.9 fades) Page 95

96 more TV with multiple signals with two dominant over others Chinese in hard null of local Seoul; recorded but signal mostly inaudible very good traditional music and talk signal with MBC Yishan still very good but seemingly a second signal in the background near perfect call-in show with slight distortion and multiple Weihai mentions, 10dBµ (70.07 Радио России, ГТРК Чита) unknown Mongolian song into two women speaking Buryat (передача на бурятском языке) with the last name "Жамбалова," a Buryat name, heard twice, 20dBµ, test frequency from 70.1 to and back, confirmed by GTRK Chita (70.67 Радио России, ГТРК Чита) perfect 15dBµ //67.8 (still the same 67.8 as earlier?!) Scorpions "House of Cards" into talk and Марина Девятова "Катюша" before starting to fade, then returning with missed ID but thought R. Rossii ID was heard into Муслим Магомаев "Загадай Желание;" only possible match in entire region (70.07 Радио России, ГТРК Чита) "Степные рассветы" program (передача на бурятском языке) - which ran with the same announcer and background music from March to August of of a woman speaking in Buryat about WWII when the younger generation went off to war and the effect on the relatives/family of those men, confirmed by GTRK Chita by , 10dBµ variable signal Lianyungang ads mixing with KBS Classic Naoyuki Onda "Heartland" very good news talk into " 山东生活信息广播 " ID, 10dBµ, with a second distorted Chinese station behind, perhaps Lianyungang, also very strong Radio Rossii talk perfect but with heavy fading, less stable than earlier with "Радио России" IDs and TOH time tones, 15dBµ perfect Lianyungang ads into story, same guy who did the story last year, 10dBµ and clear perfect story with local interference, 15dBµ in very good with CNR News perfect signal behind local jammer with what sounds like " 连云港经济广播 " (90.2) mention perfect with story and no interference, 15dBµ 2028 *104.8 still in perfect with half-hour break ads and same ad with " 连云港故事广播 " ID as last year, more ads and some local interference breaking in, seek not monitored but certainly on seek 2112 end session Fun Radio Facts! About Me: Chris Kadlec Hello! My name is Chris Kadlec and this is my radio guide from my quaint forested hill in Songtan, Korea. I've been tuning around the radio dial since 1989 and never imagined I would regularly be listening to China as a part of my hobby. My interest in radio is coastal propagation and local bandscans, a snapshot of stations heard at a specific location. I've taken bandscans on all five of the Great Lakes, along the shores of the Atlantic and across the Gulf of St. Lawrence, throughout the United States and Canada, in México, and from airplanes over Asia and the Arctic. I studied Korean radio, most notably Korean propaganda signals, from 2009 onward and published the Seoul AM Radio Listening Guide in My main interest in the hobby is based on weather, especially the study of how lake breezes, sea breezes, and mesoscale weather patterns affect radio wave propagation. Page 96

97 May 31, 2015 May 31, KST Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: F (26-28 C), sunny, mbar air pressure Recording total: 0:07:00 Equipment: Grundig G8 Traveler II Digital portable, Olympus WS-821 digital voice recorder Notes: pink tropo forecast, but very quiet SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) UNID: 64.25, rather stable Ch. 2 for once with drama with an ad break into the half hour (second station that broke in), though fading in and out possibly a signal, too weak to know good but with stronger Korean signal very good with full ID Page 97

98 June 7, 2015 June 7, KST (Memorial Day Weekend) Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: F (30-24 C), sunny with no breeze, mbar Recording total: 2:10:00 (includes local bandscan audio as part of the Songtan FM Bandscan project) Equipment: Grundig G8 Traveler II Digital portable, Olympus WS-821 digital voice recorder Notes: seek not monitored, but added for most stations 15+ dbµ *93.4 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 95.3 SD Zhaoyuan 山东招远 / Yantai Traffic Radio 烟台交通广播 (363 mi. / 584 km.) 96.1 SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai Story Radio 威海广播故事广播 (275 mi. / 443 km.) 96.9 SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Shandong Rural R. 山东广播电视台乡村广播 (314 mi. / 505 km.) 97.1 SD Qixia 山东栖霞 / Qixia People's Radio 栖霞人民广播电台 (339 mi. / 546 km.) 97.9 SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) *100.1 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Yishan 山东沂山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (473 mi. / 761 km.) Page 98

99 103.0 SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Yantai Traffic Radio 烟台交通广播 (314 mi. / 505 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Haiyang 山东海阳 / Yantai Economic Radio 烟台经济广播 (327 mi. / 526 km.) *104.4 SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) *105.1 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Yantai Economic Radio 烟台经济广播 (314 mi. / 505 km.) *106.6 SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播电视台音乐广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) SD Rongcheng 山东榮成 / Rongcheng People's R. 荣成人民广播电台 (256 mi. / 412 km.) 1700 *106.6 perfect slightly distorted CityFM, full TOH ID "City FM 城市之音, 济南 FM99.1, 青岛 FM106.6, 潍坊 FM92.9, 烟台威海 FM107.8, 淄博 FM96.9, 山东广播电视台音乐广播 ", 20dBµ, EBS good, 5-10dBµ Yantai man and woman talking in easy null of Korean, 10dBµ // good talk show, 5-10dBµ 1710 * distorted 20dBµ Shandong with ads, nearly clear on though distorted on 104.3, with some interference from perfect in easy null, 20+dBµ, talk with music clips in background //105.9, so Yantai repeater in Haiyang 1724 *106.6 CityFM SOLID signal talk into 范瑋琪 " 那些花兒 ", , 25dBµ perfect music and ads, 15dBµ; blocked by jammer still in at 10dBµ with 李冰冰 " 妈妈宝贝 " and talking about the song with "FM 烟台经济广播 " very good talk with JLS music clips in background, not //105.9, and is now gone; 10dBµ with " 烟台交通广播 " IDs silent station at 5dBµ to northwest with MBC; Jayuui Sori is already on the air locally, eastern station still off but noted on a half-hour later perfect talk, though distorted, 10dBµ very good GFN playing pop music in easy null, 10dBµ perfect signal but very distorted and facing local interference perfect distorted 15dBµ playing 张涵韵 " 想唱就唱 " with interference from local 1812 *100.1 perfect talk without any distortion, 15-20dBµ perfect Jeonju FM4U in null of local, 20dBµ comedy show, 5dBµ with Wonju; Shandong Comprehensive may be in/out too call-in show at 10dBµ in the null of Jeonju talk in null of local, 10dBµ perfect 20dBµ signal with half-hour ads and " 山东广播电视台综合广播 " ID with local interference half-hour ID " 烟台交通广播 FM103" into station jingle and ads, 5-10dBµ with some local interference 1831 *92.5 local Pyongyang FM, 30dBµ on/off stereo, perfect 10-15dBµ talk dominant over Korean, weakens to 5dBµ but still very good for TOH " 山东经济广播 " ID weak to good talk, 5dBµ 1910 *105.1 talk at 15dBµ in stereo (segment recorded for bandscan) Page 99

100 very good talk perfect 15dBµ SOLID signal, talk into another " 山东经济广播 " ID // perfect talk //97.9, also 15dBµ near perfect talk or news interviewing people in public, 10dBµ half-hour tones into TOH ID, now IDing as " 山东广播生活频道 " (segment recorded for bandscan) Pyongyang FM in solid despite jammer (segment recorded for bandscan) 1938 *93.4 solid signal with talk into ads and multiple " 山东综合广播 " mentions, 20-25dBµ with no interference though distorted as it weakens 1940 *93.4 solid with " 山东广播电视台综合广播 " ID into talk (segment recorded for bandscan) perfect talk, 15dBµ but no static and totally alone without any interference (segment recorded for bandscan) Chinese music in null and possible iradio jingle behind Seoul local still in to good with music and local interference 1958 * very good or perfect distorted with local interference, ads into TOH tones (echoed) and " 山东广播电视台综合广播 " ID, 20dBµ 2001 *106.6 perfect CityFM talk into Wiz Khalifa "See You Again," 25dBµ with on/off stereo and distortion 2004 *105.1 solid 张靓颖 & 韩庚 " 有多少爱可以重来 " into ads, even with barking dogs, 20dBµ in stereo (segment recorded for bandscan) 2007 *106.6 solid Ed Sheeran "I See Fire," 25dBµ in stereo (segment recorded for bandscan) very good 水木年华 " 中学时代 " (segment recorded for bandscan) 2011 *106.6 CityFM still perfect with talk, "Avengers: Age of Ultron" movie promo and into ads, CityFM jingle, and Empire Cast "You're So Beautiful," 25dBµ SOLID signal in stereo good Chinese talk or news - likely Yantai - with 이정 " 같이있자 " interfering, likely FM4U Daegu, along with light 95.1 interference on/off near perfect 迪克牛仔 " 忘記我還是忘記他 " into Yantai mentions and ads, half-hour IDs " 栖霞人民广播电台 FM 971," "FM 971" into 蔡依林 " 舞孃," 10dBµ, with Korean talk behind weak music 2045 ending session to catch train and due to being watched from the woods May 8, 2016 May 8, KST Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: F (21-18 C), mbar air pressure Recording total: 0:11:00 Equipment: Grundig G8 Traveler II Digital portable, Olympus WS-821 digital voice recorder 76.1 IW Shiwa 岩手紫波 / JOQU-FM / FM Iwate エフエム岩手 (780 mi. / 1255 km.) 77.1 MG Sendai 宮城仙台 / JOJU-FM / Date FM デイトエフエム (761 mi. / 1225 km.) Page 100

101 talk and mentions of "last night" (likely a song title) and "... audience" in English, can only be エフエム岩手 (4.7kw ERP) as InterFM Tokyo moved to 89.7 in October 2015, 3dBµ デイトエフエム (23kw ERP), ads into talk with "Date エフエム " mentions and 浜崎あゆみ "Seasons" in the background into 8pm TOH and "Discover Music" program mentions along with JFM with signal increasing to near solid 7dBµ into John Grant "Disappointing" May 27, 2016 May 27, KST Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: 78 F (26 C), mbar air pressure Recording total: 0:01:00 Equipment: Grundig G8 Traveler II Digital portable, Olympus WS-821 digital voice recorder SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) Page 101

102 weak station jingle into two " 山东经济广播 " mentions and into call-in talk, 3dBµ with increasing signal May 30, 2016 May 30, KST Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: F (21-19 C), mbar air pressure Recording total: 0:22:00 Equipment: Grundig G8 Traveler II Digital portable, Olympus WS-821 digital voice recorder 97.9 SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong People's Radio 山东人民广播电台 (390 mi. / 628 km.) SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong Dynamic 991 山东广播电视台音乐广播动感 991 (390 mi. / 628 km.) Page 102

103 very good signal 8dBµ and increasing to 12dBµ over 5+ minutes with news talk into TOH ads and multiple " 山东经济广播 " mentions and TOH time tones, ads, and news, obviously the Dazeshan signal due to lack of other signals good 5dBµ signal very good but highly distorted signal playing 南拳媽媽 " 初恋粉色系," and 光良 & 曹格 " 少年 " into ads and "Never stop the music, 99 point 1" into endless talk, finally less distorted and easy to understand after 5+ min, with some on/off English interference from very good news signal with Shandong ID at 12dBµ, but very distorted June 1, 2016 June 1, KST Location: Songtan, Korea Conditions: F (28-26 C), mbar air pressure Recording total: 1:20:00 Equipment: Grundig G8 Traveler II Digital portable, Olympus WS-821 digital voice recorder 87.5 FJ Xiamen 福建厦门 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 (1016 mi. / 1635 km.) 90.1 GX Wuming 广西武鸣 / Guangxi Private Car 930 广西教育广播私家车 930 (1450 mi. / 2334 km.) 92.5 SX Hongtong 山西洪洞 / Shanxi Economic Radio 山西经济广播 (844 mi. / 1358 km.) 92.7 FJ Zhangzhou 福建漳州 / Zhangzhou Traffic Arts R. 漳州交通文艺广播 (1028 mi. / 1654 km.) 92.7 TW Tainan 台湾台南 / Voice of Tainan R. 台南之聲廣播電台 (1050 mi. / 1690 km.) 94.3 TW Kaohsiung 台湾高雄 / Kaohsiung Radio 高雄廣播電臺 (1057 mi. / 1701 km.) 94.9 FJ Xiamen 福建厦门 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (1016 mi. / 1635 km.) 95.5 FJ Quanzhou 福建泉州 / Fujian Economic R. 福建经济电台 (972 mi. / 1564 km.) 96.2 FJ Zhangzhou 福建漳州 / Zhangzhou Comprehensive R. 漳州综合广播 (1028 mi. / 1654 km.) 96.2 GX Wuming 广西武鸣 / Guangxi Comprehensive R. 广西综合广播新闻 910 (1450 mi. / 2334 km.) 96.9 FJ Quanzhou 福建泉州 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (972 mi. / 1564 km.) 97.8 HN Xiangtan 湖南湘潭 / Xiangtan Music Life FM 乐生活调频 (1040 mi. / 1674 km.) 98.3 FJ Quanzhou 福建泉州 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 (972 mi. / 1564 km.) 98.3 GD Chaoan 广东潮安 / Chaoan People's R. Happy 98.3 潮安电台快乐 98.3 (1122 mi. / 1806 km.) 98.8 GD Huizhou 广东惠州 / Huizhou Traffic Radio 惠州交通广播 (1212 mi. / 1951 km.) 99.3 GD Shantou 广东汕头 / Shantou News Radio 汕头电台新闻资讯之声 (1127 mi. / 1814 km.) GD Jieyang 广东揭阳 / Jiedong Radio 揭东广播电台 (1124 mi. / 1809 km.) GD Jiangmen 广东江门 / Jiangmen News Comprehensive R. 江门新闻综合广播 (1304 mi. / 2099 km.) GD Shantou 广东汕头 / Shantou Music Radio 汕头电台音乐广播 (1127 mi. / 1814 km.) Page 103

104 Es UNID: 64.25, 87.8, 87.9, 92.8, 94.3, 94.9, 95.2, 95.5, 96.2, 97.7, 100.2, 101.7, talk into half-hour IDs of "... 经济广播 " and finally twice heard " 山西经济广播 " into talk, 35dBµ in stereo at times being slammed by Pyongyang FM which radio keeps switching to, and in for 8+ minutes two stations trading spaces, one with a man speaking in Amoy ( 台南之聲廣播電台, Class A) with another ( 漳州人民广播电台交通文艺广播, 3kw, the only 92.7 around and sharing a tower with 96.2) playing 王菲 " 童 " into woman speaking Mandarin, both at 12dBµ talk with a call-in show with man speaking, then a woman with music interrupting; a program selling drugs, 10dBµ strong signal ( 高雄廣播電臺 ) with women talking about work in Amoy and Taiwan Chinese, 15dBµ with stereo at times and interference of unknown classical music with another station briefly breaking in with 有感覺 " 今天特別煩," which is almost surely one of the 警察廣播電台交通網 stations due to the lesser-known Taiwanese group, but can't confirm; same site as two years ago two different stations in at once with the stronger one in with ads into CNR "Late Peak" news program, 15dBµ unknown station highly distorted 95.2, but frequency blocked by local audience interactive program where the audience sends interesting things via Wechat to be discussed, starting at 5-10dBµ and into 20dBµ in stereo with another very briefly breaking in with Hebe " 小幸運," 福建经济电台 from same tower site as 96.9 and 98.3, no ID but almost certain perfect call-in talk with Amoy conversation between two men, 15dBµ with some interference from another station at times then fades at TOH time tones, while talk abruptly seems to end and into ads with numerous 漳州 mentions, ad to listen on 蜻蜓 FM and "Zhangzhou Radio Website and tradition, " (English translation) and " 漳州综合广播 " before starting to fade abruptly CNR-1 with CNR music and news broadcast //94.9 with slight distortion; only match on or near the frequency in the south is 96.9 Quanzhou playing 鄧麗君 " 在水一方 " with woman then talking about 鄧麗君 and into 林淑容 " 昨夜星辰," 20dBµ in stereo at times with another solid station with a male speaker breaking in; no IDs but it's Chaoan (see 1829) as it's the same female DJ talking later on solid call-in talk station, 25dBµ in stereo but fighting it out with local station, which is omitting any information needed to ID the station, but almost surely Shantou on the same tower as three stations in together with woman speaking (only single woman speaking for whole reception) in Teochew dialect and a weaker but more persistent Mandarin station playing 郑钧 " 苍天在上 " into Cantonese talk for only 5 seconds with the other two holding out; Mandarin is unknown, but Teochew is 揭东广播电台 Cantonese breaks in for 5 seconds, Jiangmen News Comprehensive Radio near solid TFBOYS " 守护家 " with news talk behind, certainly either Jieyang 广东电台新闻台 or nearby Raoping 饶平人民广播电台, perhaps both, but both are too close to the area to tell apart and no IDable info heard with confirmation that both play pop music, 15-20dBµ in stereo strong unknown music into Teochew dialect talk, 20dBµ in stereo at times playing an unknown children's type song that sounds like educational music, likely from Sanming on the edge of the Es zone, 5dBµ Channel 2, too many channels to tell apart without local content or ads, 20dBµ 1829 "arigato" heard while on another frequency while actively tuning via recording at 1829, likely but unsure weaker talk briefly breaks into Chaoan signal with partial but confirmed CNR-2 half-hour ID "... 广播, 经济..." from Quanzhou, same tower as 96.9 CNR-1 Page 104

105 brief CNR-2 ID bursts in on 1-minute ad about how to pay electric bills from 中国南方电网, then "983 话当年 " (today in history) segment into "FM98.3" mention before " 快乐 983 新歌推荐 " program to recommend new songs (into unknown song), in 潮州話 (Teochew) dialect, 20dBµ in stereo (tower location used is location of owning TV station with tower on roof multiple channels at once but clear mention of " 北京电视台," though not helpful, 10dBµ in good and increasing to 15dBµ with talk into CNR-2 jingle music //104.1 CNR-2 Qingdao clips from the past; relog from good 10dBµ talk about Chinese stock market then fading into other stations and interference from a direct adjacent (likely 87.9), but with the cloud moving and no flat-out economic stations, it's impossible to match talk between man and woman about Children's Day and nursery rhymes, then the man changes to Hakka (Nanning uses Mandarin, Cantonese, Hakka, and Zhuang, but there are no 87.9s in the region and no sure 88.0s), 15dBµ Chinese station solid but being slammed by perfect Jeonju before signal gets better, distorted but centered on 90.1 at 20dBµ in stereo at times. Ads with (771) area code (Nanning), which matches 广西人民广播电台教育广播 ( 私家车 930) playing 刘昊霖 " 儿时 " into an ad and TOH time tones, Beijing time, an ad, a single beep 40 seconds after TOH with full clear ID " 广西人民广播电台综合广播, 新闻 910" and jingle, talk with "IBTV" mention and into news, Nanning mentions, and call-in show, 20dBµ in stereo at times from same tower as very good quality station with an ID "977..." but The The "Delight" (local) is blocking out the ID and other information, and with the Es area moving suddenly, there's no way to know; Chinese into 周華健 & 蘇慧倫 " 親親我的寶貝 " after ID, 10dBµ 湘潭人民广播电台乐生活调频 playing 李健 " 超越 " into talk with "hello" and " 乐生活调频 FM 97.8" ID and start of call-in with phone numbers, 15dBµ just missed the formal ID, but mentions of " " and then two mentions of Huizhou confirm this as Huizhou Traffic Radio, 10dBµ for a short time then fades out slowly 1930 MUF has dropped into TV after weakening upon stretching out to 1,450 miles June 11, 2016 June 11, KST Location: Paju, Korea immediately adjacent to Kaepung, North Korea Recording total: 0:02:00 Equipment: Grundig G8 Traveler II Digital portable, Olympus WS-821 digital voice recorder Es UNID: good to very good sudden Es, ads with possible mention of " 平江 " but no such stations around this area Page 105

106 June 16, 2016 June 16, KST Location: Soyosan, Dongducheon, Korea Recording total: 0:12:00 Equipment: Grundig G8 Traveler II Digital portable, Olympus WS-821 digital voice recorder SAK Poronaysk Сахалинская Поронайск / R. Rossii Sakhalin Радио России ГТРК Сахалин (1116 mi. / 1796 km.) 70.4 SAK Uglegorsk Сахалинская Углегорск / R. Rossii Sakhalin Радио России ГТРК Сахалин (1071 mi. / 1724 km.) Radio Rossii //70.4 (69.92 Радио России, ГТРК Сахалин) strong Russian news with some fading noted while tuning in KCTV atop Soyosan, still very strong after 10 minutes Radio Rossii //69.9 (70.40 Радио России, ГТРК Сахалин) with only a single match within Es range and 49 miles from 69.92, in Углегорск, Сахалинская The Samsung Yepp Q2 Tuner Page 106 When people ask me which tuner I used to receive my FM stations, they are almost always surprised by the answer. It's an MP3 player. It's portable, it fits in my pocket, it has no antenna, and most of all, it's unique. I mean, seriously, how many serious DXers catch their stations with an MP3 player? Well, I did! The Samsung YP-Q2 MP3 player was first released to the Korean market, where I purchased it, in April It was never widely available in North America at the time and continued to be a tough find, available for purchase - yet quickly considered outdated - mostly on ebay. I made the purchase solely for its capability to play music. I never imagined it would be suitable for radio and was even surprised at its ability to perfectly pull in 150-mi. (240 km.) stations. I never realized how superior it was to even the best radio tuners I had used until I returned to the U.S. and had something to compare it to. Simply put, this little bugger is sensitive. Using merely a set of basic Samsung EP-380 earphones as an antenna allowed me to find the tiniest null in local stations - even in an area as small as a fingernail - and focus in on the signal. Manipulating the earphones wire until a station appears, pressing it against a metal fence to give a station's signal a boost, or hiding behind a solid object to weaken a strong local signal and pull in a distant one are just a few of the many things I could do with mere earphones that a rooftop antenna or any external antenna could never accomplish. The tuner also has multiple settings, including the Japanese FM band and allowing the tuning of frequencies with a 0.05 MHz spacing to tune the sidebands and nail down those stations stuck behind locals. Furthermore, holding the wire

107 in front of my body and perpendicular to myself allowed it to become a directional antenna, simply aiming it in the direction I wished to hear. But that's not all. It works just as well indoors as it does outdoors. I've successfully recorded amazing catches in the middle of rooms lacking windows, sitting in my car, as well as in the cabin of an airliner. Its abilities are seemingly limitless when considering its size. But how far did this arrangement take me, aside from a record 617 miles (993 km.)? Well, it commonly effortlessly pulled in local-like signals in excess of 500 miles (800 km.), even in the null of strong locals. But this device, with a screen of 2.4 inches (6.1 cm.), isn't without its disadvantages. The battery can be charged only via USB and runs down very fast while flipping through or recording radio stations, as quickly as two to three hours. When you're mobile and listening from a mountaintop, it's quite inconvenient. Furthermore, the battery is entirely internal and cannot be replaced when it ages and loses its ability to hold its charge well. Believe me, the battery of my first model lost much of its ability after some thousands of hours of use. Worse yet, its pretty blue internal LED backlight interferes with the tuner on multiple frequencies, causing a high-pitched noise on some frequencies, especially when unoccupied by a local station. This can make some frequencies essentially dead and useless if those frequencies happen to fall on the same as a weaker signal. It receives signals in mono very easily with only the strongest local stations heard in stereo, though this also cuts down on static and has its advantages. But all tuners, even the best, have their cons and it's part of the hobby. Aside from a distant double-hop Es signal from Thailand, the original Korean model did poorly with Es, though an RDS-capable British model purchased as a replacement following the 2013 season reeled in some massive Es openings as well as an additional two double-hop catches. When used directly outside a car while the car radio is being slammed with intense E-skip, the same frequencies on seek with RDS in the car were entirely silent on the Yepp Q2, though on the contrary, many more signals by tropo can be heard on the Q2 that a car antenna could not locate. Nevertheless, this was the most handy little tuner I've ever come across. Though I would later upgrade to a Grundig portable radio in 2015, this tuner brought me the many amazing stations you can see in this log and occupied my ears on long subway rides, walks through the forest, and long days at work. Best of all, I always have a radio tuner right in my pocket! Left: Listening to signals using the Yepp Q2 by stretching the earphones wire as a directional antenna at Silver Lake Dunes, Michigan, Summer The Yepp Q2 Korean model was used from and replaced with a UK model in (Samsung Yepp Q2) (Grundig G8 Traveler II Digital) Right: The Grundig G8 Traveler II Digital portable radio replaced the Yepp Q2 in 2015 as the primary tuner. Here it tunes Qingdao News Radio in stereo at nearly 40dBµ on May 24, 2015 (pg. 88). Page 107

108 Songtan, Korea: Station Name Changes Notable station name changes during the log period between 2011 and 2016 Shandong Radio & Television network stations changed all IDs from " 频道 " to " 广播 " along with most other stations in the province and region on July 1, Shandong Arts Channel ( 山东人民广播电台文艺频道 / iradio 女主播电台 ) began branding as Shandong Female Anchor Ch. ( 山东广播女主播频道 ) on January 1, 2012, changing from the previous Entertainment FM ( 山东文艺广播娱乐调频 / iradio975 娱乐调频 ). Shandong Comprehensive Radio ( 山东广播电视台综合广播 ) changed back to its original Shandong People's Radio ( 山东人民广播电台 ) designation on November 8, Wendeng Music Story Channel ( 文登音乐故事频道 ) came on the air September 17, 2014 ( 文登音乐故事频道自 2014 年 9 月 17 日开播 ) as changed (see below), but then both changed back to Wendeng People's Radio on December 27, Rizhao Traffic Life Radio ( 日照交通生活广播 ) changed frequencies to 87.9 on January 1, 2015, as noted on the station's Weibo changed from Haiyang People's Radio ( 海阳人民广播电台 ) to a relay of Yantai Music Radio ( 烟台音乐广播 ) between the summer of 2013 and Qingdao News Radio ( 青岛人民广播电台新闻频道 ) in Jiaonan became Happy 603 //100.7 in October 2012, while then later turned off in July 2013 with 99.5 replacing it as the sole relay of Happy 603. Furthermore, the city of Jiaonan was merged as part of Qingdao's Huangdao District in December Jimo People's Radio ( 即墨人民广播电台 ) switched to Jimo News Traffic Radio ( 即墨新闻交通广播 ) between the summer of 2014 and Qingdao News Life Radio ( 青岛电台新闻生活频道 ) changed frequencies to 97.3 in September 2011, while became CNR-2 (China Business Radio / 中央人民广播电经济之声 ) Shandong Music Radio dropped CityFM in early 2016 and adopted " 动感 991" in its place. CityFM had expanded coverage by June 2015 to the following frequencies: 城市之音济南 FM99.1, 青岛 FM106.6, 潍坊 FM92.9, 烟台威海 FM107.8, and 淄博 FM Zibo changed from Zibo Economic Radio ( 淄博人民广播电台经济广播 ) to Zibo Private Car Radio ( 淄博私家车广播 ) on January 31, Wendeng People's Radio ( 文登人民广播电台 ) changed to Wendeng News Traffic Radio ( 文登新闻交通广播 ) on September 10, 2014 then changed back on December 27, See also 87.7 above. ( 文登人民广播电台于 2014 年 9 月 10 日正式改版为文登新闻交通广播, 使用频率 FM106.8MHz, 发射功率 3 千瓦 ). Page 108

109 Songtan, Korea: Station Location and Power Data * power output in gray: unlicensed station / not in the SAPPRFT database (March 2016), acquired via secondary sources Tropospheric Propagation Log Additional Station Data SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / 36 04'08.20"N '00.74"E / 262 W / 10kw ZJ Hangzhou 浙江杭州 / 30 14'51.89"N '36.13"E / 223 SW / 10kw 87.5 JS Huai'an 江苏淮安 / 33 32'15.8"N '22.3"E / 244 WSW / 3kw 87.6 LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / 38 54'18.3"N '38.8"E / 295 WNW / 1kw 87.7 SD Wendeng 山东文登 / 37 11'55.78"N '12.97"E / 274 W / 0.3kw *87.9 SH Shanghai 上海上海 / 31 13'56.1"N '38.5"E / 220 SW / 3kw *88.1 SD Rizhao 山东日照 / 35 26'31.44"N '57.43"E / 258 WSW / 3kw *88.2 JS Yancheng 江苏盐城 / 33 20'33.4"N '58.6"E / 239 WSW / 1kw *89.4 SD Rizhao 山东日照 / 35 26'31.44"N '57.43"E / 258 WSW / 3kw 89.9 SH Shanghai 上海上海 / 31 14'30.9"N '42.9"E / 220 SW / 3kw *90.2 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / 34 32'56.94"N '59.92"E / 251 WSW / 1kw 90.3 SD Yishan 山东沂山 / 36 11'44.09"N '08.03"E / 265 W / 3kw 90.4 ZJ Ningbo 浙江宁波 / 29 43'38.9"N '29.1"E / 216 SW / 1kw 90.6 LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / 38 54'18.3"N '38.8"E / 295 WNW / 3kw 90.7 SD Weihai 山东威海 / 37 30'12.93"N '04.20"E / 278 W / 1kw *91.5 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / 36 04'08.20"N '00.74"E / 262 W / 3kw 92.0 SD Changle 山东昌乐 / 36 33'10.2"N '47.4"E / 268 W / 0.1kw 92.6 SD Huangdao 山东黄岛 / 35 58'00.38"N '32.87"E / 261 W / 3kw *92.7 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / 34 32'56.94"N '59.92"E / 251 WSW / 1kw 92.8 SD Yantai 山东烟台 / 37 30'17.37"N '55.18"E / 277 W / 0.25kw 92.8 SD Mengshan 山东蒙山 / 35 33'37.74"N '45.57"E / 261 W / 3kw *92.9 SD Changle 山东昌乐 / 36 33'10.2"N '47.4"E / 268 W / 1kw 93.4 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / 37 14'48.7"N '12.6"E / 274 W / 3kw 93.4 SH Shanghai 上海上海 / 31 14'30.9"N '42.9"E / 220 SW / 10kw *93.6 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / 34 32'56.94"N '59.92"E / 251 WSW / 1kw 93.7 JS Nanjing 江蘇南京 / 32 04'03.5"N '42.5"E / 237 WSW / 3kw 94.8 SD Haiyang 山东海阳 / 36 54'19.97"N '59.04"E / 270 W / 0.3kw 94.9 BU Busan 부산부산 / 35 09'31.6"N '59.0"E / 139 SE / 3kw 94.9 SD Dongying 山東東營 / 37 25'15.35"N '13.97"E / 276 W / 3kw 95.0 SD Rizhao 山东日照 / 35 26'31.44"N '57.43"E / 258 WSW / 3kw Page 109

110 95.2 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / 36 04'08.20"N '00.74"E / 262 W / 1kw 95.3 SD Zhaoyuan 山东招远 / 37 27'54.42"N '29.62"E / 276 W / 1kw 95.3 JS Wuxi 江苏无锡 / 31 34'56.5"N '08.8"E / 228 SW / 10kw 95.6 SD Huangdao 山东黄岛 / 35 48'54.35"N '42.00"E / 260 W / 1kw 95.6 LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / 38 48'42.4"N '05.2"E / 293 WNW / 0.1kw 96.0 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / 34 32'56.94"N '59.92"E / 251 WSW / 1kw *96.1 SD Weihai 山东威海 / 37 30'12.93"N '04.20"E / 278 W / 1kw 96.4 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / 36 04'08.20"N '00.74"E / 262 W / 1kw 96.7 SD Yishan 山东沂山 / 36 11'44.09"N '08.03"E / 265 W / 3kw 96.9 SD Yantai 山东烟台 / 37 30'32.69"N '09.28"E / 277 W / 3kw 96.9 JS Sheyang 江苏射阳 / 33 46'00.9"N '08.7"E / 242 WSW / 0.3kw *97.1 SD Changle 山东昌乐 / 36 33'10.2"N '47.4"E / 268 W / 3kw 97.1 SD Qixia 山东栖霞 / 37 17'27.23"N '0.35"E / 275 W / 0.1kw 97.2 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / 34 32'56.94"N '59.92"E / 251 WSW / 1kw 97.5 SD Yantai 山东烟台 / 37 30'32.69"N '09.28"E / 277 W / 3kw 97.7 SH Shanghai 上海上海 / 31 14'30.9"N '42.9"E / 220 SW / 1kw 97.9 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / 36 10'30.44"N '31.99"E / 262 W / 3kw 97.9 SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / 36 56'49.50"N 120 0'53.81"E / 271 W / 3kw 98.2 SD Taishan 山东泰山 / 36 15'26.5"N '08.4"E / 267 W / 10kw *98.3 JS Rugao 江苏如皋 / 32 23'06.4"N '28.8"E / 231 SW / 0.3kw *98.6 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / 36 04'08.20"N '00.74"E / 262 W / 1kw 98.6 SD Zhaoyuan 山东招远 / 37 27'54.42"N '29.62"E / 276 W / 1kw 98.8 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / 37 14'48.7"N '12.6"E / 274 W / 1kw 98.9 SD Rizhao 山东日照 / 35 26'31.44"N '57.43"E / 258 WSW / 1kw 99.0 SH Shanghai 上海上海 / 31 14'30.9"N '42.9"E / 220 SW / 3kw 99.5 SD Huangdao 山东黄岛 / 35 48'54.35"N '42.00"E / 260 W / 0.03kw *99.6 SD Changle 山东昌乐 / 36 33'10.2"N '47.4"E / 268 W / 3kw 99.6 JS Yancheng 江蘇盐城 / 33 20'33.22"N '58.64"E / 239 WSW / N/A *100.1 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / 37 14'48.7"N '12.6"E / 274 W / 3kw *100.1 SH Shanghai 上海上海 / 31 03'13.7"N '55.7"E / 218 SW / 0.1kw SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / 36 04'08.20"N '00.74"E / 262 W / 1kw SD Laixi 山东莱西 / 36 54'01.1"N '31.1"E / 270 W / 0.03kw LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / 38 54'18.3"N '38.8"E / 295 WNW / 1kw *101.1 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / 34 32'56.94"N '59.92"E / 251 WSW / 0.1kw *101.3 SD Yishan 山东沂山 / 36 11'44.09"N '08.03"E / 265 W / 3kw Page 110

111 101.4 SD Haiyang 山东海阳 / 36 54'19.97"N '59.04"E / 270 W / 1kw *101.7 SD Jimo 山东即墨 / 36 24'55.94"N '55.23"E / 265 W / 0.03kw SH Shanghai 上海上海 / 31 14'30.9"N '42.9"E / 220 SW / 10kw *102.1 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / 34 32'56.94"N '59.92"E / 251 WSW / 0.3kw SD Yantai 山东烟台 / 37 30'17.37"N '55.18"E / 277 W / 0.25kw SH Shanghai 上海崇明岛 / 31 31'29.0"N '16.0"E / 220 SW / 0.1kw *102.9 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / 36 04'08.20"N '00.74"E / 262 W / 3kw SD Yantai 山东烟台 / 37 29'59.53"N '18.43"E / 277 W / 3kw SD Changle 山东昌乐 / 36 33'10.2"N '47.4"E / 268 W / 3kw *103.3 LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / 38 54'18.3"N '38.8"E / 295 WNW / 3kw JS Xuzhou 江苏徐州 / 34 15'20.69"N '17.06"E / 254 WSW / 1kw *103.8 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / 37 14'48.7"N '12.6"E / 274 W / 3kw SD Rizhao 山东日照 / 35 26'31.44"N '57.43"E / 258 WSW / 3kw *104.1 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / 36 04'08.20"N '00.74"E / 262 W / 3kw SD Haiyang 山东海阳 / 36 54'19.97"N '59.04"E / 270 W / 1kw JS Nanjing 江蘇南京 / 32 06'32.25"N '43.21"E / 237 WSW / 3kw *104.4 SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / 36 56'49.50"N 120 0'53.81"E / 271 W / 10kw SD Yishan 山东沂山 / 36 11'44.09"N '08.03"E / 265 W / 3kw *104.8 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / 34 32'56.94"N '59.92"E / 251 WSW / N/A *105.1 SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / 37 14'48.7"N '12.6"E / 274 W / 3kw SD Huangdao 山东黄岛 / 35 58'00.38"N '32.87"E / 261 W / 3kw PY Pyongyang 평양모란봉 / 39 02'60.0"N '31.4"E / 333 NNW / N/A *105.5 SD Rizhao 山东日照 / 35 26'31.44"N '57.43"E / 258 WSW / N/A *105.7 SH Shanghai 上海上海 / 31 14'30.9"N '42.9"E / 220 SW / 10kw SD Yantai 山东烟台 / 37 29'59.53"N '18.43"E / 277 W / 0.1kw *105.9 JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / 34 32'56.94"N '59.92"E / 251 WSW / 1kw *106.6 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / 36 10'30.44"N '31.99"E / 262 W / 3kw *106.6 SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / 36 56'49.50"N 120 0'53.81"E / 271 W / 10kw LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / 38 54'18.3"N '38.8"E / 295 WNW / 1kw SD Zibo 山东淄博 / 36 17'45.36"N '22.85"E / 267 W / 1kw SD Jiaozhou 山东胶州 / 36 17'32.2"N '00.0"E / 265 W / 1kw SD Wendeng 山东文登 / 37 11'55.78"N '12.97"E / 274 W / 3kw (confirmed) *107.3 SD Weihai 山东威海 / 37 30'12.9"N '04.2"E / 278 W / 1kw SD Rongcheng 山东榮成 / 37 10'01.47"N '51.42"E / 273 W / 1kw *107.6 SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / 36 04'08.20"N '00.74"E / 262 W / 3kw Page 111

112 E-Skip Propagation Log Additional Station Data * for power output in gray: see note on page 109. Taiwan stations use Class A ( 甲 ), B ( 乙 ), and C ( 丙 ) per the NCC database AMU Belogorsk Амурская Белогорск / 50 53'11.7"N '03.1"E / 4 N / 4kw YEV Birobidzhan Еврейская Биробиджан / 48 47'24.2"N '00.5"E / 18 NNE / 4kw AMU Skovorodino Аму. Сковородино / 53 56'54.2"N '03.1"E / 354 N / 4kw AMU Svobodny Амурская Свободный / 51 22'38.5"N '55.5"E / 3 N / 4kw SAK Poronaysk Сахалинская Поронайск / 49 13'55.9"N '06.6"E / 41 NE / 4kw [3] ZAB Aginskoye Забайкальский Агинское / 51 05'04.3"N '02.1"E / 331 NNW / 4kw KHA Chegdomyn Хаб. Чегдомын / 51 08'27.8"N '53.7"E / 15 NNE / 2kw 70.4 SAK Uglegorsk Сахалинская Углегорск / 49 04'04.0"N '55.0"E / 39 NE / 4kw [3] ZAB Krasnokamensk Заб. Краснокаменск / 50 07'03.4"N '36.4"E / 337 NNW / 4kw 72.8 KHA Khabarovsk Хаб. Хабаровск / 48 32'23.5"N '39.2"E / 25 NNE / 4kw 76.1 IW Shiwa 岩手紫波 / 39 32'13.3"N '54.9"E / 73 ENE / 1kw (4.7kw ERP) 77.1 MG Sendai 宮城仙台 / 38 14'15.0"N '22.6"E / 80 E / 5kw (23kw ERP) SN Xi'an 陕西西安 / 34 11'51.4"N '30.7"E / 265 W / 12.5kw 87.5 ZJ Linhai 浙江临海 / 28 48'37.46"N '14.52"E / 214 SW / 3kw 87.5 FJ Xiamen 福建厦门 / 24 29'18.9"N '51.8"E / 214 SW / 3kw [4] 87.5 NM Bayan Nur 内蒙古巴彦淖尔 / 40 45'05.4"N '28.0"E / 290 WNW / 1kw 87.7 HL Suihua 黑龙江绥化 / 46 36'36.6"N '47.9"E / 359 N / 1kw 87.7 NM Sonid Youqi 内蒙古苏尼特右旗 / 42 44'42.1"N '09.5"E / 302 WNW / 1kw 87.7 AMU Blagoveshchensk Амурская Благовещенск / 50 15'31.3"N '56.1"E / 1 N / 1kw 87.8 NM Hanggin 内蒙古杭锦 / 39 50'41.2"N '48.7"E / 287 WNW / 1kw 87.8 NM Xilinhot 内蒙古锡林浩特 / 43 58'07.0"N '33.2"E / 313 NW / 3kw 88.1 HN Yiyang 湖南益阳 / 28 34'58.1"N '33.6"E / 52 NE / 0.3kw *88.1 FJ Quanzhou 福建泉州 / 24 56'37.7"N '50.5"E / 219 SW / 1kw [1] 88.5 FJ Xiamen 福建厦门 / 24 29'18.9"N '51.8"E / 219 SW / 3kw [1] SRN Surin ส ร นทร ส ร นทร / 14 53'20.5"N '26.8"E / 230 SW / 1kw 88.9 HL Mohe 黑龙江漠河 / 52 56'21.9"N '42.2"E / 351 N / 0.3kw *89.3 HN Lengshuijiang 湖南冷水江 / 27 47'52.5"N '28.0"E / 239 WSW / 1kw 89.3 TW Pingtung 台灣屏東 / 22 44'28.2"N '43.5"E / 204 SSW / Class A [2] 89.7 TW Taitung 台灣臺東 / 22 45'55.6"N '39.7"E / 203 SSW / Class A [2] 90.1 GX Wuming 广西武鸣 / 23 28'43.5"N '05.2"E / 235 SW / 1kw 90.4 NM Liangcheng 内蒙古凉城 / 40 34'17.5"N '25.9"E / 292 WNW / 1kw 90.4 FJ Quanzhou 福建泉州 / 24 57'27.0"N '12.3"E / 214 SSW / 0.1kw [2] 90.5 SB Lahad Datu / 4 57'53.9"N '30.0"E / 197 SSW / 1kw [2] Page 112

113 90.9 FJ Xiamen 福建厦门 / 24 27'13.5"N '37.2"E / 214 SW / 3kw [2] 92.5 SX Hongtong 山西洪洞 / 36 26'32.8"N '43.4"E / 272 W / 3kw 92.7 FJ Zhangzhou 福建漳州 / 24 31'11.1"N '39.7"E / 216 SW / 0.3kw 92.7 TW Tainan 台湾台南 / 22 59'55.3"N '22.9"E / 205 SSW / Class A *92.8 HN Shaoyang 湖南邵阳 / 27 15'49.8"N '39.0"E / 238 WSW / 1kw *92.9 TW Kinmen 台灣金門 / 24 27'37.9"N '34.0"E / 213 SSW / Class B [2] *92.9 TW Taichung 台灣彰化 / 24 03'09.6"N '13.7"E / 206 SSW / Class B [2] 94.0 FJ Xiamen 福建厦门 / 24 27'13.5"N '37.2"E / 214 SW / 3kw [2] 94.3 TW Kaohsiung 台湾高雄 / 22 49'49.1"N '58.7"E / 204 SSW / Class C (16kw) 94.8 GD Meizhou 广东梅州 / 23 45'42.0"N '58.0"E / 219 SW / 3kw [2] 94.9 FJ Xiamen 福建厦门 / 24 29'18.9"N '51.8"E / 214 SW / 1kw 95.3 GD Guangzhou 广东广州 / 23 08'37.6"N '50.8"E / 224 SW / 0.1kw [2] 95.5 FJ Quanzhou 福建泉州 / 24 57'26.9"N '12.4"E / 213 SSW / 10kw 96.2 FJ Zhangzhou 福建漳州 / 24 31'11.1"N '39.7"E / 216 SW / 0.1kw 96.2 GX Wuming 广西武鸣 / 23 28'43.5"N '05.2"E / 235 SW / 10kw 96.9 FJ Quanzhou 福建泉州 / 24 57'26.9"N '12.4"E / 213 SSW / 3kw *97.5 TW Kaohsiung 台灣高雄 / 22 38'44.1"N '42.5"E / 205 SSW / Class B [2] *97.5 TW Taoyuan 台灣桃園 / 24 52'25.7"N '02.0"E / 205 SSW / Class B [2] 97.8 HN Xiangtan 湖南湘潭 / 27 49'58.4"N '56.2"E / 236 WSW / N/A *98.1 HE Shijiazhuang 河北石家庄 / 37 53'31.1"N '25.7"E / 277 W / 1kw [5] 98.3 HE Baoding 河北保定 / 38 53'37.4"N '43.0"E / 283 WNW / 3kw [5] 98.3 FJ Quanzhou 福建泉州 / 24 57'26.9"N '12.4"E / 213 SSW / 10kw 98.3 GD Chaoan 广东潮安 / 23 28'09.7"N '26.8"E / 216 SW / N/A 98.8 GD Huizhou 广东惠州 / 23 17'13.6"N '00.8"E / 222 SW / 5kw 99.3 GD Shantou 广东汕头 / 23 22'42.3"N '24.4"E / 216 SW / 3kw 99.6 SX Datong 山西大同 / 40 04'31.2"N '50.5"E / 289 WNW / 1kw [5] GD Jieyang 广东揭阳 / 23 34'27.1"N '54.8"E / 217 SW / 0.3kw GD Jiangmen 广东江门 / 22 33'28.2"N '19.7"E / 224 SW / 3kw FJ Quanzhou 福建泉州 / 24 57'27.1"N '12.3"E / 214 SSW / 3kw [2] *101.5 TW Miaoli 台灣苗栗 / 24 23'34.6"N '42.0"E / 206 SSW / Class C [2] TW Kaohsiung 台灣高雄 / 22 38'34.8"N '43.5"E / 205 SSW / Class C (30kw) [2] TW Taipei 台灣臺北 / 25 09'56.2"N '29.9"E / 204 SSW / Class C (30kw) [2] *102.1 TW Taichung 台灣彰化 / 23 57'47.0"N '41.7"E / 206 SSW / Class C (35kw) [2] TW Taitung 台灣臺東 / 22 45'04.0"N '36.6"E / 202 SSW / Class C (5kw) [2] *102.3 FJ Fuzhou 福建福州 / 26 04'42.5"N '25.2"E / 214 SSW / 3kw [2] Page 113

114 102.3 TW Miaoli 台灣苗栗 / 24 32'40.3"N '41.2"E / 206 SSW / Class B [2] *102.5 TW Tainan 台灣臺南 / 22 59'11.7"N '01.3"E / 206 SSW / Class B [2] GD Shantou 广东汕头 / 23 22'42.3"N '24.4"E / 216 SW / 3kw SB Kota Belud / 6 18'21.2"N '57.2"E / 201 SSW / 0.1kw [2] HB Wuhan 湖北武汉 / 30 33'28.9"N '30.3"E / 242 WSW / 3kw *105.5 TW Nantou 台灣南投 / 23 56'51.2"N '55.4"E / 206 SSW / Class B [2] TW Yilan 台灣宜蘭 / 24 43'59.6"N '43.0"E / 203 SSW / Class B [2] NM Sonid Zuoqi 内蒙古苏尼特左旗 / 43 51'19.7"N '39.3"E / 306 NW / 1kw [5] *107.1 GD Zhongshan 广东中山 / 22 29'04.8"N '09.0"E / 223 SW / 10kw [2] *107.1 TW Chiayi 台灣嘉義 / 23 33'41.1"N '35.2"E / 205 SSW / Class B [2] *107.3 TW Kaohsiung 台灣高雄 / 22 49'49.1"N '58.7"E / 205 SSW / Class C (35kw) [2] [1] Received from Jeongdongjin, Gangneung / 37 41'23.6"N '02.1"E [2] Received from Bonguisan, Chuncheon / 37 53'17.4"N '58.6"E [3] Received from Soyosan, Dongducheon / 37 56'17.8"N '43.3"E [4] Received from both the main site in Songtan and Chuncheon [5] Received from other sites between Gangneung and Seoul (see detailed log) Project Document Fonts Fonts used in this document include: Angelina (36-point) for the cover page title, Eurostile (20-point) for headers, Calibri (11-point) for the body and Russian text, and Microsoft Yi Baiti (11-point) for both Chinese and Japanese text. Cover Page Angelina, 36 Headers Eurostile, 20 Body и русский язык Calibri, 11 中文字体 Microsoft Yi Baiti, 11 Above: Shandong Female Anchor Channel iradio (2013) Page 114

115 The Best of China & E-Skip Station Guide Track Compilation Name Stations Clips Duration #1 The Best of China: stations 87 clips 53:13 #2 The Best of China: stations 78 clips 35:35 #3 The Best of China: stations 39 clips 19:41 #4 The Best of China: stations 38 clips 26:27 #5 The Best of E-Skip: stations 86 clips 58:00 Compilation Totals: 150 stations 328 clips 3:12:56 Shandong CityFM (106.6 Dazeshan / Qingdao) The Best of China: Station Guide Chris Kadlec / Songtan, Korea / 37 03'30.54"N '51.80"E (87 clips / 53:13) 00: JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 00: SD Changle 山东昌乐 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (455 mi. / 732 km.) 03: SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Simul R. 青岛人民广播电台音乐体育广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 07: SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Rizhao Traffic Life R. 日照交通生活广播 (442 mi. / 711 km.) 07: SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Radio 青岛经济广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 08: SD Yishan 山东沂山 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (473 mi. / 761 km.) 09: LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Dalian News Radio 大连电台新闻广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) 09: SD Yishan 山东沂山 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (473 mi. / 761 km.) 10: SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Story Radio 青岛电台故事广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 10: SD Haiyang 山东海阳 / Yantai News Comprehensive Ch. 烟台新闻综合频道 (327 mi. / 526 km.) 11: SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai Music Fashion Channel 威海音乐时尚频道 (275 mi. / 443 km.) 11: SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Weihai News Comprehensive Ch. 威海广播新闻综合频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 12: GG Songtan 경기송탄 / Osan Air Base ATIS ( / MHz) receiver overload (3 mi. / 5 km.) 12: SD Wendeng 山东文登 / Wendeng People's Radio 文登人民广播电台 (276 mi. / 444 km.) 14: SD Dongying 山東東營 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (463 mi. / 745 km.) 14: SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai Story Channel 威海广播故事频道 (275 mi. / 443 km.) 15: SD Changle 山东昌乐 / Changle Voice of the City 昌乐广播电台都市之声 (455 mi. / 732 km.) 15: SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (380 mi. / 612 km.) Page 115

116 17: SD Rongcheng 山东榮成 / Rongcheng People's R. 荣成人民广播电台 (256 mi. / 412 km.) 18: LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Dalian Traffic Radio 大连交通广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) 18: JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang Traffic R. 连云港交通电台 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 20: SD Mengshan 山东蒙山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (524 mi. / 844 km.) 21: JS Yancheng 江蘇盐城 / Yancheng News Radio 盐城广播新闻台 (467 mi. / 752 km.) 22: SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Yantai Economic Channel 烟台经济频道 (313 mi. / 504 km.) 22: SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 24: SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Yantai Economic Channel 烟台经济频道 (314 mi. / 505 km.) 25: SD Huangdao 山东黄岛 / Qingdao City Life R. 青岛西海岸城市生活广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) 26: SD Jimo 山东即墨 / Jimo People's Radio 即墨人民广播电台 (371 mi. / 597 km.) 27: SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Rizhao Art Sports R. 日照文艺体育广播 (442 mi. / 711 km.) 28: SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Yantai Traffic Art Ch. 烟台交通文艺频道 (313 mi. / 504 km.) 28: JS Nanjing 江蘇南京 / Jiangsu News Radio 江苏新闻广播 (586 mi. / 943 km.) 30: SD Haiyang 山东海阳 / Haiyang People's Radio 海阳人民广播电台 (327 mi. / 526 km.) 30: SD Yishan 山东沂山 / Shandong Life Channel 山东广播电视台广播生活频道 (473 mi. / 761 km.) 31: SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic Ch. 山东广播电视台经济频道 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 34: SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Shandong Life Channel 山东广播电视台广播生活频道 (314 mi. / 505 km.) 36: SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao News Radio 青岛广播新闻频率 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 36: JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang Comprehensive R. 连云港综合广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 37: SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong Economic Ch. 山东广播电视台经济频道 (390 mi. / 628 km.) 37: SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Private Car Radio 青岛私家车广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 39: SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao News Life Radio 青岛电台新闻生活频道 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 39: SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Shandong Rural Channel 山东广播电视台乡村频道 (314 mi. / 505 km.) 40: SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong News Channel 山东广播电视台新闻频道 (390 mi. / 628 km.) 40: SD Changle 山东昌乐 / Shandong Economic Ch. 山东广播电视台经济频道 (455 mi. / 732 km.) 41: SD Zibo 山东淄博 / Zibo Economic Radio 淄博经济广播 (503 mi. / 810 km.) 42: SD Yishan 山东沂山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东文艺广播娱乐调频 (473 mi. / 761 km.) 44: SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Happy 603 青岛经济广播快乐 603 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 45: JS Xuzhou 江苏徐州 / Xuzhou Traffic Radio 徐州交通广播 (589 mi. / 948 km.) 46: JS Nanjing 江蘇南京 / Nanjing Sports Radio 南京体育广播 (591 mi. / 951 km.) 48: SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播音乐频道 (390 mi. / 628 km.) Page 116

117 The Best of China: 2013 Station Guide Chris Kadlec / Songtan, Korea / 37 03'30.54"N '51.80"E (78 clips / 35:35) 00: SH Shanghai 上海上海 / Shanghai Traffic Radio 上海交通广播 (512 mi. / 824 km.) 00: JS Yancheng 江苏盐城 / Yancheng Classical FM 盐城广播电视台经典调频 (467 mi. / 752 km.) 00: SH Shanghai 上海上海 / HitFM 劲曲调频 (514 mi. / 827 km.) 02: JS Huai'an 江苏淮安 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 (512 mi. / 824 km.) 03: ZJ Ningbo 浙江宁波 / Ningbo Everyone R. 宁波人民广播电台老年与少儿广播 (608 mi. / 978 km.) 03: JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang New Rural R. 连云港人民广播电台新农村广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 04: SD Zhaoyuan 山东招远 / Yantai Traffic Radio 烟台交通广播 (363 mi. / 584 km.) 04: SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Rizhao Traffic Life R. 日照交通生活广播 (442 mi. / 711 km.) 05: SD Changle 山东昌乐 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播音乐频道 (455 mi. / 732 km.) 05: LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Liaoning Economic R. 辽宁广播电视台经济广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) 06: SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Happy 603 青岛经济广播快乐 603 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 06: SD Changle 山东昌乐 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (455 mi. / 732 km.) 07: SD Jimo 山东即墨 / Jimo People's Radio 即墨人民广播电台 (371 mi. / 597 km.) 07: SD Yishan 山东沂山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (473 mi. / 761 km.) 08: JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang Comprehensive R. 连云港综合广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 08: JS Rugao 江苏如皋 / Rugao Car Radio 如皋汽车广播 (491 mi. / 790 km.) 09: SD Yishan 山东沂山 / Shandong Life Info R. 山东广播电视台生活信息广播 (473 mi. / 761 km.) 09: JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Jiangsu Traffic Radio 江苏交通广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 10: SH Shanghai 上海上海 / CRI EZFM 轻松调频 (514 mi. / 827 km.) 11: SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Story Radio 青岛电台故事广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 11: SD Changle 山东昌乐 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (455 mi. / 732 km.) 11: SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Simul R. 青岛人民广播电台音乐体育广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 12: SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 13: SD Changle 山东昌乐 / Shandong Rural R. 山东广播电视台乡村广播 (455 mi. / 732 km.) 13: JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang Traffic R. 连云港交通电台 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 14: SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 15: JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Jiangsu Health R. 江苏健康广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 15: SD Huangdao 山东黄岛 / Qingdao Economic Happy 603 青岛经济广播快乐 603 (406 mi. / 653 km.) 16: SH Shanghai 上海崇明岛 / CRI News Radio 环球资讯广播 (489 mi. / 787 km.) 16: LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Dalian News Radio 大连电台新闻广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) 17: SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) Page 117

118 17: SH Shanghai 上海上海 / First Financial R. 东广第一财经广播 (512 mi. / 824 km.) 18: LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Dalian Children's Radio 大连少儿广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) 19: SD Rongcheng 山东榮成 / Rongcheng People's R. 荣成人民广播电台 (256 mi. / 412 km.) 20: SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Rizhao Art Sports R. 日照文艺体育广播 (442 mi. / 711 km.) 20: SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (363 mi. / 584 km.) 21: SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 21: SD Laixi 山东莱西 / Laixi People's R. 莱西人民广播电台 (363 mi. / 584 km.) 22: SH Shanghai 上海上海 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (512 mi. / 824 km.) 22: SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (442 mi. / 711 km.) 22: SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Yantai Traffic Radio 烟台交通广播 (314 mi. / 505 km.) 23: JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang Story R. 山东生活信息广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 23: ZJ Hangzhou 浙江杭州 / Zhejiang Satellite TV 浙江卫视 (617 mi. / 993 km.) 24: SH Shanghai 上海上海 / Dynamic 101 上海动感 101 (512 mi. / 824 km.) 25: JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 26: SD Zibo 山东淄博 / Zibo Private Car Radio 淄博私家车广播 (503 mi. / 810 km.) 26: JS Nanjing 江蘇南京 / Nanjing Sports Radio 南京体育广播 (591 mi. / 951 km.) 26: SD Qixia 山东栖霞 / Qixia People's Radio 栖霞人民广播电台 (339 mi. / 546 km.) 27: SD Wendeng 山东文登 / Wendeng People's Radio 文登人民广播电台 (276 mi. / 444 km.) 28: SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (275 mi. / 443 km.) 28: JS Wuxi 江苏无锡 / Jiangsu Traffic Radio 江苏交通广播 (542 mi. / 872 km.) 29: SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao News Radio 青岛广播新闻频率 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 29: SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 [RDS] (380 mi. / 612 km.) 30: SH Shanghai 上海上海 / Shanghai East City R. 东方都市广播 (512 mi. / 824 km.) 30: SD Rizhao 山东日照 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (442 mi. / 711 km.) 30: SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Radio 青岛经济广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 31: SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Shandong Life Info R. 山东广播电视台生活信息广播 (442 mi. / 711 km.) 31: SH Shanghai 上海上海 / Shanghai People's Radio 上海人民广播电台 (512 mi. / 824 km.) 32: SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Private Car Radio 青岛私家车广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 32: JS Sheyang 江苏射阳 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (449 mi. / 723 km.) 32: SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 33: SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 33: JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Jiangsu News Radio 江苏新闻广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 34: SD Jiaozhou 山东胶州 / Jiaozhou Private Car Radio 胶州汽车广播 (398 mi. / 641 km.) 34: SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Shandong Rural R. 山东广播电视台乡村广播 (314 mi. / 505 km.) 35: SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播音乐频道 (363 mi. / 584 km.) Page 118

119 The Best of China: 2014 Station Guide Chris Kadlec / Songtan, Korea / 37 03'30.54"N '51.80"E (39 clips / 19:41) 00: SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai Story Radio 威海广播故事广播 (275 mi. / 443 km.) 01: SD Rongcheng 山东榮成 / Rongcheng People's R. 荣成人民广播电台 (256 mi. / 412 km.) 02: LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Liaoning Economic R. 辽宁广播电视台经济广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) 03: SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 04: SD Jimo 山东即墨 / Jimo People's Radio 即墨人民广播电台 (371 mi. / 597 km.) 04: SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Simul R. 青岛人民广播电台音乐体育广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 05: LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Dalian News Radio 大连电台新闻广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) 06: SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 07: SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Radio 青岛经济广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 08: SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 08: SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) 09: SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Private Car Radio 青岛私家车广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 09: LN Dalian 辽宁大连 / Liaoning Information R. 辽宁广播电视台资讯广播 (323 mi. / 520 km.) 10: SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 10: SD Huangdao 山东黄岛 / Qingdao City Life R. 青岛西海岸城市生活广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) 11: SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Yantai Economic Radio 烟台经济广播 (314 mi. / 505 km.) 11: JS Xuzhou 江苏徐州 / Xuzhou Traffic Radio 徐州交通广播 (589 mi. / 948 km.) 11: SD Yishan 山东沂山 / Shandong Life Info R. 山东广播电视台生活信息广播 (473 mi. / 761 km.) 12: SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 13: SD Wendeng 山东文登 / Wendeng People's Radio 文登人民广播电台 (276 mi. / 444 km.) 13: SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 14: SD Haiyang 山东海阳 / Yantai Music Radio 烟台音乐广播 (327 mi. / 526 km.) 14: SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播音乐频道 (390 mi. / 628 km.) 15: SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Story Radio 青岛电台故事广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 16: SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) 16: SD Taishan 山东泰山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (556 mi. / 895 km.) 16: SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 17: SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Yantai Traffic Art Radio 烟台交通文艺广播 (313 mi. / 504 km.) 18: SD Rizhao 山东日照 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (442 mi. / 711 km.) 18: SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (275 mi. / 443 km.) Page 119

120 The Best of China: 2015 Station Guide Chris Kadlec / Songtan, Korea / 37 03'30.54"N '51.80"E (38 clips / 26:27) 00: SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Simul R. 青岛人民广播电台音乐体育广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 00: SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 [RDS] (380 mi. / 612 km.) 01: SD Qixia 山东栖霞 / Qixia People's Radio 栖霞人民广播电台 (339 mi. / 546 km.) 02: SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 03: SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Yantai Economic Radio 烟台经济广播 (314 mi. / 505 km.) 04: SD Wendeng 山东文登 / Wendeng Music Story Ch. 文登音乐故事频道 (276 mi. / 444 km.) 04: SD Huangdao 山东黄岛 / Qingdao Economic Happy 603 青岛经济广播快乐 603 (406 mi. / 653 km.) 05: SD Yishan 山东沂山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (473 mi. / 761 km.) 05: SD Jimo 山东即墨 / Jimo News Traffic Radio 即墨新闻交通广播 (371 mi. / 597 km.) 06: SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Arts iradio 山东广播电视台文艺广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 08: JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang Traffic R. 连云港交通电台 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 08: SD Weihai 山东威海 / Weihai Story Radio 威海广播故事广播 (275 mi. / 443 km.) 08: SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 09: SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) 10: JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang Story R. 山东生活信息广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 12: SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Weihai News Comprehensive R. 威海广播新闻综合广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 12: SD Yishan 山东沂山 / Shandong Life Info R. 山东广播电视台生活信息广播 (473 mi. / 761 km.) 14: JS Lianyungang 江苏连云港 / Lianyungang Comprehensive R. 连云港综合广播 (478 mi. / 769 km.) 14: SD Kunyushan 山东昆嵛山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (292 mi. / 470 km.) 14: SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Private Car Radio 青岛私家车广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 15: SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao News Radio 青岛广播新闻频率 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 16: SD Rongcheng 山东榮成 / Rongcheng People's R. 荣成人民广播电台 (256 mi. / 412 km.) 16: SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong Economic R. 山东广播电视台经济广播 (390 mi. / 628 km.) 18: SD Yantai 山东烟台 / Yantai Traffic Radio 烟台交通广播 (314 mi. / 505 km.) 19: SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Shandong Comprehensive R. 山东广播电视台综合广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 19: SD Qingdao 山东青岛 / Qingdao Economic Radio 青岛经济广播 (380 mi. / 612 km.) 21: SD Dazeshan 山东大泽山 / Shandong CityFM 城市之音山东广播音乐频道 (390 mi. / 628 km.) Page 120

121 The Best of E-Skip: Station Guide Chris Kadlec with assistance from 刘敬深 / Songtan, Korea / 37 03'30.54"N '51.80"E (86 clips / 58:00) Primary languages of stations are listed in orange. Amoy ( 廈門話 ) is included within the Hokkien ( 閩南語 ) classification with Guoyu ( 國語 ) listed as Taiwanese and Putonghua ( 普通话 ) as Mandarin. Please note that announcers may alternate between dialects within the same segment. 00: AMU Belogorsk Амурская Белогорск / R. Rossii Радио России Амур / Russian (957 mi. / 1540 km.) 02: GD Meizhou 广东梅州 / Meizhou Compreh. News R. 梅州电台综合广播 / Mandarin (1196 mi. / 1925 km.) [2] 03: NM Xilinhot 内蒙古锡林浩特 / Inner Mongolia Rural Pastoral R. 内蒙古农村牧区广播 / Mongolian (747 mi. / 1202 km.) 04: TW Kaohsiung 台湾高雄 / Kaohsiung Radio 高雄廣播電臺 / Hokkien (1057 mi. / 1701 km.) 04: FJ Fuzhou 福建福州 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 / Mandarin (952 mi. / 1532 km.) [2] 05: FJ Quanzhou 福建泉州 / Quanzhou Music Radio 泉州电台音乐之声 / Mandarin (1079 mi. / 1736 km.) [1] 07: ZAB Aginskoye Забайкальский Агинское / R. Rossii Радио России Чита / Buryat (1148 mi. / 1848 km.) 10: ZJ Linhai 浙江临海 / Taizhou News Radio FM98.7 台州新闻综合频道 / Mandarin (671 mi. / 1080 km.) 10: HB Wuhan 湖北武汉 / Hubei Fashion Radio 湖北时尚女性广播 / Mandarin (860 mi. / 1384 km.) 11: HN Yiyang 湖南益阳 / Yiyang Traffic R. Car 881 益阳交通频道汽车 881 / Mandarin (1036 mi. / 1667 km.) 11: GD Shantou 广东汕头 / Shantou Music Radio 汕头电台音乐广播 / Teochew (1127 mi. / 1814 km.) 12: GD Huizhou 广东惠州 / Huizhou Traffic Radio 惠州交通广播 / Mandarin (1212 mi. / 1951 km.) 12: TW Kinmen 台灣金門 / Yes Radio 金門太武之春廣播電台 / Hokkien (1076 mi. / 1732 km.) [2] 15: HN Shaoyang 湖南邵阳 / Shaoyang Music Ch. Flying 928 邵阳音乐频道飞扬 928 / Mandarin (1131 mi. / 1820 km.) 15: GD Guangzhou 广东广州 / Guangdong Financial R. 广东广播电视台股市广播 / Mandarin (1329 mi. / 2139 km.) [2] 16: FJ Xiamen 福建厦门 / CNR-2 Business Radio 中央人民广播电台经济之声 / Mandarin (1084 mi. / 1745 km.) [2] 17: SRN Surin ส ร นทร ส ร นทร / New Life Radio Surin / 2x Es / Thai (2104 mi. / 3386 km.) 17: FJ Zhangzhou 福建漳州 / Zhangzhou Traffic Arts R. 漳州交通文艺广播 / Mandarin (1028 mi. / 1654 km.) 18: GD Shantou 广东汕头 / Shantou News Radio 汕头电台新闻资讯之声 / Mandarin (1127 mi. / 1814 km.) 18: TW Taichung 台灣彰化 / BCC I Like Radio 中廣流行網 / Taiwanese / primary signal (1047 mi. / 1685 km.) [2] TW Taitung 台灣臺東 / BCC I Like Radio 中廣流行網 / Taiwanese / secondary signal (1114 mi. / 1793 km.) [2] 21: FJ Xiamen 福建厦门 / Xiamen Private Car Radio 厦门电台私家车调频 / Mandarin (1085 mi. / 1746 km.) [2] 22: FJ Quanzhou 福建泉州 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 / Mandarin (972 mi. / 1564 km.) 22: SX Hongtong 山西洪洞 / Shanxi Economic Radio 山西经济广播 / Mandarin / vs. local Pyongyang FM (844 mi. / 1358 km.) 23: AMU Blagoveshchensk Амурская Благовещенск / Autoradio Авторадио / Russian (912 mi. / 1468 km.) 24: MG Sendai 宮城仙台 / JOJU-FM / Date FM デイトエフエム / Japanese (761 mi. / 1225 km.) 26: TW Kaohsiung 台灣高雄 / Happy Radio 快樂電臺 / Taiwanese (1140 mi. / 1835 km.) [2] 28: ZAB Krasnokamensk Забайкальский Краснокаменск / R. Rossii Радио России Чита / Russian (1004 mi. / 1616 km.) 30: HN Xiangtan 湖南湘潭 / Xiangtan Music Life FM 乐生活调频 / Mandarin (1040 mi. / 1674 km.) Page 121

122 31: NM Bayan Nur 内蒙古巴彦淖尔 / Inner Mongolia Music R. 内蒙古音乐之声 / Mongolian / Mandarin (1087 mi. / 1749 km.) 31: FJ Xiamen 福建厦门 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 / Mandarin (1016 mi. / 1635 km.) 32: GX Wuming 广西武鸣 / Guangxi Comprehensive R. 广西综合广播新闻 910 / Mandarin (1450 mi. / 2334 km.) 32: SX Datong 山西大同 / Datong Traffic Radio 大同交通广播 / Mandarin (787 mi. / 1267 km.) [5] 35: NM Sonid Youqi 内蒙古苏尼特右旗 / Inner Mongolia Mong. Compreh. R. 内蒙古蒙古语综合广播 / Mongolian (859 mi. / 1382 km.) 35: TW Tainan 台湾台南 / Voice of Tainan R. 台南之聲廣播電台 / Hokkien (1050 mi. / 1690 km.) 36: FJ Quanzhou 福建泉州 / Fujian Private Car Radio 987 私家车广播 / Mandarin (1040 mi. / 1674 km.) [2] 36: HL Mohe 黑龙江漠河 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 / Mandarin (1116 mi. / 1796 km.) 37: GD Zhongshan 广东中山 / CRI News Radio 国际广播电台环球资讯广播 / Mandarin (1362 mi. / 2192 km.) [2] 37: SB Kota Belud / RTM TraXX FM / 2x Es / Malaysian English (2288 mi. / 3682 km.) [2] 38: TW Nantou 台灣南投 / Happy Radio 歡喜之聲 / Hokkien (1048 mi. / 1687 km.) [2] 40: HN Lengshuijiang 湖南冷水江 / CNR-1 Voice of China 中央人民广播电台中国之声 / Mandarin (1107 mi. / 1782 km.) 41: GX Wuming 广西武鸣 / Guangxi Private Car 930 广西教育广播私家车 930 / Mandarin (1450 mi. / 2334 km.) 41: TW Taichung 台灣彰化 / City FM 城市广播网 / Taiwanese (1042 mi. / 1677 km.) [2] 42: NM Sonid Zuoqi 内蒙古苏尼特左旗 / Xilin Gol Mongolian R. 锡林郭勒盟蒙语综合广播 / Mandarin (870 mi. / 1400 km.) [5] 42: TW Miaoli 台灣苗栗 / BCC Formosa 中廣寶島網 / Taiwanese (1017 mi. / 1637 km.) [2] 44: SB Lahad Datu / RTM TraXX FM / 2x Es / Malaysian English (2344 mi. / 3772 km.) [2] 44: TW Kaohsiung 台灣高雄 / Voice of Han 漢聲廣播電台 [RDS] / Taiwanese (1124 mi. / 1809 km.) [2] 45: TW Taoyuan 台灣桃園 / Voice of IC IC 之音竹科廣播 / Taiwanese (976 mi. / 1571 km.) [2] 47: FJ Quanzhou 福建泉州 / Fujian Economic R. 福建经济电台 / Mandarin (972 mi. / 1564 km.) 47: HE Shijiazhuang 河北石家庄 / Hebei Rural Radio 河北电台农村广播 / Mandarin (751 mi. / 1209 km.) [5] 48: TW Chiayi 台灣嘉義 / Chiayi Global Radio 嘉義環球廣播電台 / Hokkien (1074 mi. / 1728 km.) [2] 49: FJ Xiamen 福建厦门 / Xiamen Music Radio 厦门音乐广播 / Mandarin (1085 mi. / 1746 km.) [2] 49: FJ Quanzhou 福建泉州 / Quanzhou Traffic Radio 泉州交通广播 / Mandarin / Hokkien (1040 mi. / 1674 km.) [2] 50: FJ Zhangzhou 福建漳州 / Zhangzhou Comprehensive R. 漳州综合广播 / Mandarin / Hokkien (1028 mi. / 1654 km.) 51: HL Suihua 黑龙江绥化 / Suihua Storytelling Radio 绥化评书广播 / Mandarin (659 mi. / 1061 km.) 51: TW Tainan 台灣臺南 / Ancient Capital Radio 古都廣播電台 / Taiwanese (1119 mi. / 1801 km.) [2] 53: GD Chaoan 广东潮安 / Chaoan People's R. Happy 98.3 潮安电台快乐 98.3 / Teochew (1122 mi. / 1806 km.) 55: TW Kaohsiung 台灣高雄 / National Education Radio 國立教育廣播電臺 / Taiwanese / Japanese (1140 mi. / 1835 km.) [2] 57: FJ Xiamen 福建厦门 / Fujian Economic R. 福建经济电台 / Mandarin (1116 mi. / 1796 km.) [1] [1] Received from Jeongdongjin, Gangneung / 37 41'23.6"N '02.1"E [2] Received from Bonguisan, Chuncheon / 37 53'17.4"N '58.6"E [5] Received from other sites btw. Gangneung and Seoul (see detailed log) Page 122

123 Top (from left): Shandong radio programs "Car Club / 汽车俱乐部," (2013) " 最 in 不夜城," (2016) and " 青春梦飞扬 " (2017) / Bottom (from left): Songtan Buraksan alternate main site during Korean top-of-hour ID project of recording all 121 local top-of-hour station IDs (May 2012) and Songtan main FM site setup prepared with laptop for battery recharge on hillside at Banjisan Neighbourhood Park (June 6, 2013, with accompanying radio log on page 51) Page 123