Solar tower plant modelling: needs and current practices
|
|
- Zoe Ella Walker
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 DLR.de Chart 1 Solar tower plant modelling: needs and current practices Stefano Giuliano DLR, Institute for Solar Research DNICast workshop , Oberpfaffenhofen
2 DLR.de Chart 2 Content Introduction Heliostat field calculation and optimization Current practice to consider atmospheric attenuation losses Example Summary and Outlook
3 DLR.de Chart 3 Solar Tower Systems Solar Tower, Crescent Dunes, 100MW e Heliostat Field Receiver with Tower Thermal storage Power Block Total power of CSP power plant: P sys, el DNI A SF SF Rec TES PB Most often systems are economically optimized (LCOE minimum) LCOE annual cost [ EUR / kwh] annual energy yields
4 Elevationswinkel (Sonnenstandswinkel) DLR.de Chart Maßong Verlag Loss Mechanism of Heliostat Fields PS10 Abengoa Solar h Vormittag 10 h 11 h Sonnenbahndiagramm jeweils 21. Tag eines Monats Mittag 12 h Jun Mai/Jul Apr/Aug Mär/Sep 13 h Objekt: hier Objektnamen eingeben Standort: hier Standort eingeben Breitengrad: 35 nördlicher Breite Nachmittag 14 h 15 h h 7 h 8 h 9 h 10 h 11 h 10 8 h 16 h 5 h 19 h Ost Süd West Feb/Okt Jan/Nov Dez 13 h 14 h Azimuthwinkel (entspricht Kompassrose) 15 h 16 h 17 h 18 h Losses: cosine loss reflectivity <100% shading and blocking atmospheric attenuation Intercept losses (non-perfect focussing) P inc _ Hel ( x, y, t ) DNI ( t ) A Mir refl SF_ Hel cos( x, y, t) atmo( x, y, t) b& s ( x, y, t) inc ( x, y, t) 2 beamerror 2 sun 2 beamquality
5 DLR.de Chart 5 Specific modelling approach for solar tower systems solar field performance calculation DNI, sun position, sun shape, extitintion given Number, size, position und optical quality of heliostat given Size and position of tower given Chracteristics, size and position of receiver given PS10 Abengoa Solar Calculation of heliostat field performance (with Raytracing Tools like Mirval, STRAL, Spray etc.) solar field layout optimization Charakteristic data of Heliostats and position tower receiver Are varied to improve annual yields or to reduce generation cost PS10 Abengoa Solar Optimization of heliostat field: improve annual yield or reduce LCOE (with tools like HFLCAL, University of Houston Code, DELSOL, etc.)
6 DLR.de Chart 6 Field Layout Optimization: Example from HFLCAL
7 DLR.de Chart 7 Atmospheric Attenuation losses Atmospheric Attenuation of the reflected radiation looks impressive. PSA, Source: Gerhard Weinrebe but is a loss! PS10 / Abengoa Solar
8 DLR.de Chart 8 Atmospheric Attenuation in Heliostat Fields DNI data already consider a atmospheric attenuation through the atmosphere For solar tower important: Atmospheric attenuation of reflected radiation between heliostat and receiver due to absorption and scattering processes in the atmosphere Distance between heliostat and receiver (slant range) is up to more than 1 km Important atmospheric profile is ~0 300m (tower height) Atmospheric attenuation varies strongly with time and location (as the DNI!) Atmospheric attenuation has a significant influence of the yield of a solar tower plant (as the DNI!) Currently only few data for atmospheric attenuation for different sites are available PS10 Abengoa Solar Tower height Slant range DNI Measurement
9 DLR.de Chart 9 Current practice to consider atmospheric attenuation Current ray-tracing & field layout codes use simplified models for atmospheric attenuation Data basis goes back to a few activities in the eighties (e.g. Vittitoe and Biggs, 1978) Only standard atmospheres are used, no local conditions are considered Most tools allow the decision between 2 different extinction levels: clear day and hazy day. Annual mean values are used for all time steps! Example of DELSOL: atmospheric transmittance for a clear day in Τ a = SLR SLR SLR 3 where SLR is the slant range from heliostat to receiver in kilometers
10 DLR.de Chart 10 Case Study Analysis of influence from atmospheric attenuation for solar tower heliostat fields for the heat generation cost Different power sizes were analyzed The calculations and optimization were done with the code HFLCAL Only field layout is considered, not the full power plant! 2 different extinction levels were considered: clear day (23km visibilty) (little) hazy day (12km visibilty) Annual mean values for atmospheric attenuation are used for all time steps Gefördert durch: aufgrund eines Beschlusses des deutschen Bundestages
11 DLR.de Chart 11 Case Study - Results For large scale power levels the heat generation cost differ up to 8% Optimal power scale for solar towers in hazy atmospheric conditions are becoming smaller For a individual solar tower project reliable and accurate data for the atmospheric attenuation are necessary If not available incorrect planning can occur with a financial risk. After the field layout is fixed and the field erected, it is not possible to correct. Gefördert durch: aufgrund eines Beschlusses des deutschen Bundestages
12 DLR.de Chart 12 Summary Atmospheric attenuation of reflected radiation between heliostat and receiver is important for solar towers Important atmospheric profile is ~0 300m Atmospheric attenuation is strongly varying with time and for the specific site Current ray-tracing and field layout codes use simplified models considering only standard atmospheres The codes use only two extreme conditions: clear or hazy. And only annual mean values! Atmospheric attenuation can be a relevant loss for a solar tower at certain sites. The annual yields can be overestimated by up to 10% if the wrong data base is used. Currently only few data for atmospheric attenuation for different sites are available. Therefore incorrect planning can occur with a financial risk. At sites with different meteorological conditions a site specific design is an important task for the planning of the solar tower plant.
13 DLR.de Chart 13 Outlook A meteo data set (measured or from satellite data) should include information about atmospheric attenuation like DNI, temperature etc. The question is with what kind of definition: transmittance as f(slr),,? Beside a DNI world map a map for atmospheric attenuation (with high resolution) is required We need to know more about the dependency of the vertical profile for the relevant height <300m Is the micro local dependence really neglectable for very large scale towers? We need much more data for different sites (measured or from satellite data) With the collected data a useful model needs to be implemented in ray-tracing and field layout codes. These models will then be used for a site specific optimization approach for heliostat fields and shall improve the annual yield assessment and shall allow to minimize the LCOE of solar towers
14 DLR.de Chart 14 Thank you for your attention!
DETERMINATION OF BEAM ATTENUATION IN TOWER PLANTS
DETERMINATION OF BEAM ATTENUATION IN TOWER PLANTS Natalie Hanrieder 1, Felix Wehringer 2, Stefan Wilbert 1, Fabian Wolfertstetter 1, Robert Pitz-Paal 3, Antonio Campos 4, Volker Quaschning 2 1 German Aerospace
More informationVertical profiles of aerosols in the lowest 300m - What we can see in CALIPSO observations and COSMO-MUSCAT model -
www.dlr.de Chart 1 Vertical profiles of aerosols in the lowest 300m - What we can see in CALIPSO observations and COSMO-MUSCAT model - Diana Mancera Supervisors DLR: Dr. Marion Schroedter-Homscheidt Dr.
More informationSolar Tower Technology Made in Germany Joint Saudi-German CSP Workshop
Solar Tower Technology Made in Germany Joint Saudi-German CSP Workshop Solar Tower Technology Made in Germany 2 Companies not present at the Workshop Leoni AG is one of the leading suppliers of cabeling
More informationRECOMMENDATION ITU-R F.1404*
Rec. ITU-R F.1404 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R F.1404* Rec. ITU-R F.1404 MINIMUM PROPAGATION ATTENUATION DUE TO ATMOSPHERIC GASES FOR USE IN FREQUENCY SHARING STUDIES BETWEEN SYSTEMS IN THE FIXED SERVICE AND
More informationPRECISE MEASUREMENTS OF SOLAR BEAM IRRADIANCE THROUGH IMPROVED SENSOR CALIBRATION
PRECISE MEASUREMENTS OF SOLAR BEAM IRRADIANCE THROUGH IMPROVED SENSOR CALIBRATION Norbert Geuder 1, Nicole Janotte 2, and Stefan Wilbert 3 1 Dr., CSP Services GmbH, Paseo de Almería 73-2ª, E-04001 Almería,
More informationUNIT Derive the fundamental equation for free space propagation?
UNIT 8 1. Derive the fundamental equation for free space propagation? Fundamental Equation for Free Space Propagation Consider the transmitter power (P t ) radiated uniformly in all the directions (isotropic),
More informationGEO-SolarSIM-D2 and SunTracker-2000/3000
GEO-SolarSIM-D2 and SunTracker-2000/3000 THE PERFECT MARRIAGE BETWEEN A SOLAR SPECTRAL IRRADIANCE METER AND A SOLAR TRACKER CONTROLLED BY A REMOTE VERY LOW POWER CONSUMPTION DATALOGGER The GEO-SolarSIM-D2
More informationAtmospheric Effects. Attenuation by Atmospheric Gases. Atmospheric Effects Page 1
Atmospheric Effects Page 1 Atmospheric Effects Attenuation by Atmospheric Gases Uncondensed water vapour and oxygen can be strongly absorptive of radio signals, especially at millimetre-wave frequencies
More informationIRRADIATION MEASUREMENTS ON GROUND
IRRADIATION MEASUREMENTS ON GROUND EEP Workshop, Windhoek, Namibia Dr. Norbert Geuder CSP Services 25 July 2012 GETTING RENEWABLE ENERGY TO WORK Resource mapping Available Resources Solar irradiation is
More informationoptimizing solar power
optimizing solar power CONSULTING AND EXPERT SERVICE QUALITY ASSURANCE CONCEPTS SPECIFIC MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY Optimizing Solar power Harnessing and maximizing solar power is our business. CSP Services,
More informationProtection of fixed monitoring stations against interference from nearby or strong transmitters
Recommendation ITU-R SM.575-2 (10/2013) Protection of fixed monitoring stations against interference from nearby or strong transmitters SM Series Spectrum management ii Rec. ITU-R SM.575-2 Foreword The
More informationChapter 1: Telecommunication Fundamentals
Chapter 1: Telecommunication Fundamentals Block Diagram of a communication system Noise n(t) m(t) Information (base-band signal) Signal Processing Carrier Circuits s(t) Transmission Medium r(t) Signal
More informationMicrowave Radiometry Laboratory Experiment
Microwave Radiometry Laboratory Experiment JEFFREY D. DUDA Iowa State University Department of Geologic and Atmospheric Sciences ABSTRACT A laboratory experiment involving the use of a microwave radiometer
More informationSEMS-2000/3000 SOLAR ENERGY MEASUREMENT SYSTEM AND COMPLETE METEOROLOGICAL STATION WITH REALLY UNIQUE FEATURES
SEMS-2000/3000 SOLAR ENERGY MEASUREMENT SYSTEM AND COMPLETE METEOROLOGICAL STATION WITH REALLY UNIQUE FEATURES TRUE AND PRECISE MEASUREMENT WITH DATA TRANSMISSION IN NEAR REAL-TIME OF SOLAR IRRADIANCE
More informationUpcoming Changes of International Standards for the Classification of Radiometers
Upcoming Changes of International Standards for the Classification of Radiometers Stefan Wilbert, Wolfgang Finsterle, Aron Habte, Richard Meyer, Jorge Lezaca, Norbert Geuder PVPMC workshop, Freiburg, 24.10.16
More informationHEAT FLUX MEASUREMENT ON CSP
HEAT FLUX MEASUREMENT ON CSP Dr. Jesús Ballestrín CIEMAT-Plataforma Solar de Almería (SPAIN) 4 th SFERA Summer School 1 Central receiver Tower Heliostat field 2 3 CAMERA / TARGET METHOD: Indirect Heat
More informationMicrowave Sounding. Ben Kravitz October 29, 2009
Microwave Sounding Ben Kravitz October 29, 2009 What is Microwave Sounding? Passive sensor in the microwave to measure temperature and water vapor Technique was pioneered by Ed Westwater (c. 1978) Microwave
More informationMedia. When the Digital meets the Social July 2013 in Germany, University Campus of Bayreuth. ECTS achievable.
22-26 July 2013 in Germany, University Campus of Bayreuth Media Gefördert durch: ECTS achievable aufgrund eines Beschlusses des Deutschen Bundestages Media 21.7. Arrival of Participants Informal Welcome
More information6.014 Lecture 14: Microwave Communications and Radar
6.014 Lecture 14: Microwave Communications and Radar A. Overview Microwave communications and radar systems have similar architectures. They typically process the signals before and after they are transmitted
More informationAtmospheric Effects. Atmospheric Refraction. Atmospheric Effects Page 1
Atmospheric Effects Page Atmospheric Effects The earth s atmosphere has characteristics that affect the propagation of radio waves. These effects happen at different points in the atmosphere, and hence
More informationThere are lots of problems or challenges with fiber, Attenuation, Reflections, Dispersion and so on. So here we will look at these problems.
The Hard theory The Hard Theory An introduction to fiber, should also include a section with some of the difficult theory. So if everything else in the book was very easily understood, then this section
More informationChapter 1 Introduction
Wireless Information Transmission System Lab. Chapter 1 Introduction National Sun Yat-sen University Table of Contents Elements of a Digital Communication System Communication Channels and Their Wire-line
More informationIRST ANALYSIS REPORT
IRST ANALYSIS REPORT Report Prepared by: Everett George Dahlgren Division Naval Surface Warfare Center Electro-Optical Systems Branch (F44) Dahlgren, VA 22448 Technical Revision: 1992-12-17 Format Revision:
More informationTwo-linear-polarization measurement of O 2 A band with TANSO-FTS onboard GOSAT
Remote sensing in the O 2 A band Two-linear-polarization measurement of O 2 A band with TANSO-FTS onboard GOSAT July 7, 2016, De Bilt Akihiko Kuze, Hiroshi Suto, Kei Shiomi, Nobuhiro Kikuchi, Makiko Hashimoto
More informationRADIOWAVE PROPAGATION
RADIOWAVE PROPAGATION Physics and Applications CURT A. LEVIS JOEL T. JOHNSON FERNANDO L. TEIXEIRA The cover illustration is part of a figure from R.C. Kirby, "Introduction," Lecture 1 in NBS Course in
More informationReal Time Kinematic VALUE GUIDE (US, Canada, Australia & New Zealand) CLICK THE ARROW TO GET STARTED
Real Time Kinematic VALUE GUIDE (US, Canada, Australia & New Zealand) Copyright 2014 Deere & Company This material is the property of Deere & Company. All use, disclosure, and/or reproduction not specifically
More informationPART 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R P.1144 GUIDE TO THE APPLICATION OF THE PROPAGATION METHODS OF RADIOCOMMUNICATION STUDY GROUP 3
Rec. ITU-R P.1144 1 PART 1 SECTION P-A: TEXTS OF GENERAL INTEREST Rec. ITU-R P.1144 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R P.1144 GUIDE TO THE APPLICATION OF THE PROPAGATION METHODS OF RADIOCOMMUNICATION STUDY GROUP 3 (1995)
More informationLinear Fresnel Collectors. A Technology Overview. SFERA Summer School 2012 June 28, 2012, Almería, Spain. Jan Fabian Feldhoff
Linear Fresnel Collectors A Technology Overview SFERA Summer School 2012 June 28, 2012, Almería, Spain Jan Fabian Feldhoff E-mail: jan.feldhoff@dlr.de www.dlr.de/sf Slide 2 > SFERA Summer School 2012 >
More informationKorea s First Satellite for Satellite Laser Ranging
1 Korea s First Satellite for Satellite Laser Ranging 1 Jun Ho Lee 1, S. B. Kim 1, K.H. Kim 1, S. H. Lee 1, Y. J. Im 1, Y. Fumin 2, C. Wanzhen 2 1 Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, South
More informationOptical design of a low concentrator photovoltaic module
Optical design of a low concentrator photovoltaic module MA Benecke*, JD Gerber, FJ Vorster and EE van Dyk Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University Centre for Renewable and Sustainable Energy Studies Abstract
More information292 P a g e. (IJACSA) International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, Vol. 4, No.
Wideband Parameters Analysis and Validation for Indoor radio Channel at 60/70/80GHz for Gigabit Wireless Communication employing Isotropic, Horn and Omni directional Antenna E. Affum 1 E.T. Tchao 2 K.
More informationINVESTIGATING OF THE OPTIMUM WAVELENGTHS AND ATTENUATION OF OPTICAL SIGNAL POWERFOR FREE- SPACE OPTICAL (FSO) SYSTEM
International J. of Multidispl.Research&Advcs. inengg.(ijmrae), ISSN 0975-7074, Vol. 10, No. I (April 2018), pp.1-12 INVESTIGATING OF THE OPTIMUM WAVELENGTHS AND ATTENUATION OF OPTICAL SIGNAL POWERFOR
More informationSession2 Antennas and Propagation
Wireless Communication Presented by Dr. Mahmoud Daneshvar Session2 Antennas and Propagation 1. Introduction Types of Anttenas Free space Propagation 2. Propagation modes 3. Transmission Problems 4. Fading
More informationLecture 12: Curvature and Refraction Radar Equation for Point Targets (Rinehart Ch3-4)
MET 4410 Remote Sensing: Radar and Satellite Meteorology MET 5412 Remote Sensing in Meteorology Lecture 12: Curvature and Refraction Radar Equation for Point Targets (Rinehart Ch3-4) Radar Wave Propagation
More informationOptical Fiber Technology. Photonic Network By Dr. M H Zaidi
Optical Fiber Technology Numerical Aperture (NA) What is numerical aperture (NA)? Numerical aperture is the measure of the light gathering ability of optical fiber The higher the NA, the larger the core
More informationRECOMMENDATION ITU-R P Prediction of sky-wave field strength at frequencies between about 150 and khz
Rec. ITU-R P.1147-2 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R P.1147-2 Prediction of sky-wave field strength at frequencies between about 150 and 1 700 khz (Question ITU-R 225/3) (1995-1999-2003) The ITU Radiocommunication
More informationESS 7 Lectures 15 and 16 November 3 and 5, The Atmosphere and Ionosphere
ESS 7 Lectures 15 and 16 November 3 and 5, 2008 The Atmosphere and Ionosphere The Earth s Atmosphere The Earth s upper atmosphere is important for groundbased and satellite radio communication and navigation.
More informationChapter 6 Propagation
Chapter 6 Propagation Al Penney VO1NO Objectives To become familiar with: Classification of waves wrt propagation; Factors that affect radio wave propagation; and Propagation characteristics of Amateur
More informationDATA RATE ANALYSIS AND COMPARING THE EFFECT OF FOG AND SNOW FOR FREE SPACE OPTICAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Vol. 1, Spl. Issue 2 (May, 2014) e-issn: 1694-2310 p-issn: 1694-2426 GV/ICRTEDC/12 DATA RATE ANALYSIS AND COMPARING THE EFFECT OF FOG AND SNOW FOR FREE SPACE OPTICAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM 1 Er. Sagar, 2
More informationATS 351 Lecture 9 Radar
ATS 351 Lecture 9 Radar Radio Waves Electromagnetic Waves Consist of an electric field and a magnetic field Polarization: describes the orientation of the electric field. 1 Remote Sensing Passive vs Active
More informationStatus and future plans of the air-quality FRM projects. M. Van Roozendael, CEOS AC-VC#13, June 2017, Paris, France
Status and future plans of the air-quality FRM projects M. Van Roozendael, CEOS AC-VC#13, 28-30 June 2017, Paris, France 1 Fiducial Reference Measurements Ground-based remote sensing network for air pollution
More informationThe concept of transmission loss for radio links
Recommendation ITU-R P.341-6 (09/2016) The concept of transmission loss for radio links P Series Radiowave propagation ii Rec. ITU-R P.341-6 Foreword The role of the Radiocommunication Sector is to ensure
More informationThis document is downloaded from DR-NTU, Nanyang Technological University Library, Singapore.
This document is downloaded from DR-NTU, Nanyang Technological University Library, Singapore. Title Radar measured rain attenuation with proposed Z-R relationship at a tropical location Author(s) Yeo,
More informationAntennas and Propagation. Prelude to Chapter 4 Propagation
Antennas and Propagation Prelude to Chapter 4 Propagation Introduction An antenna is an electrical conductor or system of conductors for: Transmission - radiates electromagnetic energy into space (involves
More information1. COMMUNICATION 10. COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS GIST The sending and receiving of message from one place to another is called communication. Two important forms of communication systems are (i) Analog and (ii)
More informationSupporting Network Planning Tools II
Session 5.8 Supporting Network Planning Tools II Roland Götz LS telcom AG / Spectrocan 1 Modern Radio Network Planning Tools Radio Network Planning Tool Data / Result Output Data Management Network Processor
More information746A27 Remote Sensing and GIS
746A27 Remote Sensing and GIS Lecture 1 Concepts of remote sensing and Basic principle of Photogrammetry Chandan Roy Guest Lecturer Department of Computer and Information Science Linköping University What
More informationLecture 2. Electromagnetic radiation principles. Units, image resolutions.
NRMT 2270, Photogrammetry/Remote Sensing Lecture 2 Electromagnetic radiation principles. Units, image resolutions. Tomislav Sapic GIS Technologist Faculty of Natural Resources Management Lakehead University
More informationWireless Power Transmission of Solar Energy from Space to Earth Using Microwaves
Wireless Power Transmission of Solar Energy from Space to Earth Using Microwaves Raghu Amgothu Contract Lecturer in ECE Dept., Government polytechnic Warangal Abstract- In the previous stages, we are studying
More informationSw earth Dw Direct wave GRw Ground reflected wave Sw Surface wave
WAVE PROPAGATION By Marcel H. De Canck, ON5AU Electromagnetic radio waves can propagate in three different ways between the transmitter and the receiver. 1- Ground waves 2- Troposphere waves 3- Sky waves
More informationAntennas and Propagation
Antennas and Propagation Chapter 5 Introduction An antenna is an electrical conductor or system of conductors Transmission - radiates electromagnetic energy into space Reception - collects electromagnetic
More informationSOLAR OVENS AND HOT PLATES FOR COOKING AND AVOID FIREWOOD CONSUMPTION. Eduardo A. Rincón Mejía
SOLAR OVENS AND HOT PLATES FOR COOKING AND AVOID FIREWOOD CONSUMPTION A N E S Asociación Nacional de Energía Solar, A. C. Eduardo A. Rincón Mejía INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON BIOENERGY AND SUSTAINABLE RURAL
More informationReflector Soiling and Cleaning Methods Fabian Wolfertstetter, SFERA Summer School Hornberg, May 15th 16th 2013
Reflector Soiling and Cleaning Methods Fabian Wolfertstetter, DLR @ SFERA Summer School Hornberg, May 15th 16th 2013 www.dlr.de/enermena SFERA Summer School, Hornberg, Germany, May 15 th 26 th 2013 Slide
More informationHigh Frequency Propagation (and a little about NVIS)
High Frequency Propagation (and a little about NVIS) Tom McDermott, N5EG August 18, 2010 September 2, 2010 Updated: February 7, 2013 The problem Radio waves, like light waves, travel in ~straight lines.
More informationAtmospheric propagation
Atmospheric propagation Johannes Böhm EGU and IVS Training School on VLBI for Geodesy and Astrometry Aalto University, Finland March 2-5, 2013 Outline Part I. Ionospheric effects on microwave signals (1)
More informationPropagation curves for aeronautical mobile and radionavigation services using the VHF, UHF and SHF bands
Recommendation ITU-R P.528-3 (02/2012) Propagation curves for aeronautical mobile and radionavigation services using the VHF, UHF and SHF bands P Series Radiowave propagation ii Rec. ITU-R P.528-3 Foreword
More informationAntennas and Propagation. Chapter 5
Antennas and Propagation Chapter 5 Introduction An antenna is an electrical conductor or system of conductors Transmission - radiates electromagnetic energy into space Reception - collects electromagnetic
More informationCapacity Building. Joint Saudi-German CSP Workshop
Capacity Building Joint Saudi-German CSP Workshop Capacity Building R. Pitz-Paal 20.11.2013 The Importance of Local Human Capacities Human capacities in CSP are necessary to achieve a high local content
More informationAntennas and Propagation. Chapter 5
Antennas and Propagation Chapter 5 Introduction An antenna is an electrical conductor or system of conductors Transmission - radiates electromagnetic energy into space Reception - collects electromagnetic
More informationChapter 15: Radio-Wave Propagation
Chapter 15: Radio-Wave Propagation MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Radio waves were first predicted mathematically by: a. Armstrong c. Maxwell b. Hertz d. Marconi 2. Radio waves were first demonstrated experimentally
More informationOptical Amplifiers Photonics and Integrated Optics (ELEC-E3240) Zhipei Sun Photonics Group Department of Micro- and Nanosciences Aalto University
Photonics Group Department of Micro- and Nanosciences Aalto University Optical Amplifiers Photonics and Integrated Optics (ELEC-E3240) Zhipei Sun Last Lecture Topics Course introduction Ray optics & optical
More informationLecture 02. Introduction of Remote Sensing
Lecture 02. Introduction of Remote Sensing Concept of Remote Sensing Picture of Remote Sensing Content of Remote Sensing Classification of Remote Sensing Passive Remote Sensing Active Remote Sensing Comparison
More informationRadiowave Propagation Prediction in a Wind Farm Environment and Wind Turbine Scattering Model
International Renewable Energy Congress November 5-7, 21 Sousse, Tunisia Radiowave Propagation Prediction in a Wind Farm Environment and Wind Turbine Scattering Model A. Calo 1, M. Calvo 1, L. de Haro
More informationInt n r t o r d o u d c u ti t on o n to t o Remote Sensing
Introduction to Remote Sensing Definition of Remote Sensing Remote sensing refers to the activities of recording/observing/perceiving(sensing)objects or events at far away (remote) places. In remote sensing,
More informationITU-R Rec. P618-8 gives the following expression for the atmospheric noise temperature as seen by the receiving antenna:
ITU-R Rec. P68-8 gives the following expression for the atmospheric noise temperature as seen by the receiving antenna: T atm L T 0 atm m 0 T m is the effective temperature (K) of the atmosphere, a common
More informationIntorduction to light sources, pinhole cameras, and lenses
Intorduction to light sources, pinhole cameras, and lenses Erik G. Learned-Miller Department of Computer Science University of Massachusetts, Amherst Amherst, MA 01003 October 26, 2011 Abstract 1 1 Analyzing
More informationA comparing overview on ECAC Doc.29 3 rd Edition and the new German AzB
A comparing overview on ECAC Doc.29 3 rd Edition and the new German AzB Dr. Ullrich Isermann German Aerospace Center DLR Institute of Aerodynamics und Flow Technology JRC Workshop on Aircraft Noise, Brussels,
More information7.7 TerraSAR-X & TanDEM-X
7.7 TerraSAR-X & TanDEM-X Two Innovative Remote Sensing Stars for space-borne Earth Observation Vorlesung Wolfgang Keydel Microwaves and Radar Institute, German Aerospace Research Center (DLR), D-82230
More informationABSTRACT. Section I Overview of the µdss
An Autonomous Low Power High Resolution micro-digital Sun Sensor Ning Xie 1, Albert J.P. Theuwissen 1, 2 1. Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands; 2. Harvest Imaging, Bree, Belgium; ABSTRACT
More informationRECOMMENDATION ITU-R M * (Questions ITU-R 28/8 and ITU-R 45/8)
Rec. ITU-R M.628-3 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R M.628-3 * TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR SEARCH AND RESCUE RADAR TRANSPONDERS (Questions ITU-R 28/8 and ITU-R 45/8) Rec. ITU-R M.628-3 (1986-199-1992-1994) The
More informationof the Small Satellite Mission Systematic Image Processing Eckehard Lorenz, DLR Berlin Ilmenau, Klaus Briess, TU Berlin 49th IWK
Ilmenau, 27.-30.09. 2004 49th IWK Eckehard Lorenz, DLR Berlin Klaus Briess, TU Berlin Astro- und Feinwerktechnik Adlershof GmbH Systematic Image Processing of the Small Satellite Mission BIRD Optical Information
More informationRec. ITU-R P RECOMMENDATION ITU-R P *
Rec. ITU-R P.682-1 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R P.682-1 * PROPAGATION DATA REQUIRED FOR THE DESIGN OF EARTH-SPACE AERONAUTICAL MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS (Question ITU-R 207/3) Rec. 682-1 (1990-1992) The
More informationCOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS -I
COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS -I Communication : It is the act of transmission of information. ELEMENTS OF A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM TRANSMITTER MEDIUM/CHANNEL: The physical medium that connects transmitter to receiver
More informationATMOSPHERIC NUCLEAR EFFECTS
EC3630 Radiowave Propagation ATMOSPHERIC NUCLEAR EFFECTS by Professor David Jenn (version 1.1) 1 Atmospheric Nuclear Effects (1) The effect of a nuclear blast on the atmosphere is a complicated function
More informationESA Radar Remote Sensing Course ESA Radar Remote Sensing Course Radar, SAR, InSAR; a first introduction
Radar, SAR, InSAR; a first introduction Ramon Hanssen Delft University of Technology The Netherlands r.f.hanssen@tudelft.nl Charles University in Prague Contents Radar background and fundamentals Imaging
More informationMERLIN Mission Status
MERLIN Mission Status CNES/illustration David DUCROS, 2016 G. Ehret 1, P. Bousquet 2, B. Millet 3, M. Alpers 1, C. Deniel 3, A. Friker 1, C. Pierangelo 3 1 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR)
More informationGet Discount Coupons for your Coaching institute and FREE Study Material at COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS 1. BASICS OF COMMUNICATION 2. AMPLITUDE MODULATION Get Discount Coupons for your Coaching institute and FREE Study Material at www.pickmycoaching.com 1 BASICS OF COMMUNICATION 1.
More informationRadio Propagation Fundamentals
Radio Propagation Fundamentals Concept of Electromagnetic Wave Propagation Mechanisms Modes of Propagation Propagation Models Path Profiles Link Budget Fading Channels Electromagnetic (EM) Waves EM Wave
More informationRADIO WAVE PROPAGATION
CHAPTER 2 RADIO WAVE PROPAGATION Radio direction finding (RDF) deals with the direction of arrival of radio waves. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the basic principles involved in the propagation
More informationExamination Optoelectronic Communication Technology. April 11, Name: Student ID number: OCT1 1: OCT 2: OCT 3: OCT 4: Total: Grade:
Examination Optoelectronic Communication Technology April, 26 Name: Student ID number: OCT : OCT 2: OCT 3: OCT 4: Total: Grade: Declaration of Consent I hereby agree to have my exam results published on
More information13/11/2013. German Aerospace Center. Virtual Reality for Planning and Controlling of Robot-based Servicing in Space. German Aerospace Center
DLR.de Chart 1 DLR.de Chart 4 German Aerospace Center Virtual Reality for Planning and Controlling of Robot-based Servicing in Space Andreas Gerndt German Aerospace Center (DLR) Simulation and Software
More informationThe stamp-collection plotting approach: What monitoring data do we actually have?
The stamp-collection plotting approach: What monitoring data do we actually have? Nils Reich Fraunhofer ISE, Freiburg, Germany www.ise.fraunhofer.de Outline Introduction Stamps & a simple PV stamp-collection
More informationGNSS Reflectometry and Passive Radar at DLR
ACES and FUTURE GNSS-Based EARTH OBSERVATION and NAVIGATION 26./27. May 2008, TU München Dr. Thomas Börner, Microwaves and Radar Institute, DLR Overview GNSS Reflectometry a joined proposal of DLR and
More informationremote sensing? What are the remote sensing principles behind these Definition
Introduction to remote sensing: Content (1/2) Definition: photogrammetry and remote sensing (PRS) Radiation sources: solar radiation (passive optical RS) earth emission (passive microwave or thermal infrared
More informationII. ATTENUATION DUE TO ATMOSPHERIC
Tropospheric Influences on Satellite Communications in Tropical Environment: A Case Study of Nigeria Ayantunji B.G, ai-unguwa H., Adamu A., and Orisekeh K. Abstract Among other atmospheric regions, ionosphere,
More informationTechnical and operational characteristics of land mobile MF/HF systems
Recommendation ITU-R M.1795 (03/2007) Technical and operational characteristics of land mobile MF/HF systems M Series Mobile, radiodetermination, amateur and related satellite services ii Rec. ITU-R M.1795
More informationAbstract. Introduction
Three Dimensional Imaging and Satellite Attitude Estimation Using Pulse Laser Illumination and a Remote Ultra Low Light Imaging (RULLI) Sensor for Space Situational Awareness (SSA) Michael C. Roggemann
More informationINNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS FOR CSP CONTROLLERS
CSP TODAY 2015 INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS FOR CSP CONTROLLERS 11-12 November 2015, Seville OUR PRODUCTS Local tracking Controllers With embedded SPA Algorithm for autonomous /slave tracking strategies. High
More informationHigh Resolution Sensor Test Comparison with SPOT, KFA1000, KVR1000, IRS-1C and DPA in Lower Saxony
High Resolution Sensor Test Comparison with SPOT, KFA1000, KVR1000, IRS-1C and DPA in Lower Saxony K. Jacobsen, G. Konecny, H. Wegmann Abstract The Institute for Photogrammetry and Engineering Surveys
More informationScientific Equipment and Technology
Second Grade Science Pacing Guide 1 st Nine Weeks Strand 1: Nature of Science pictographs field studies NS.1.2.4 Estimate and measure length and temperature using International System of Units (SI) Characteristics
More informationSatellitengestütztes Atmosphärenmonitoring inkl. Nutzungsmöglichkeiten von Copernicus Sentinel Satelliten Heinrich Bovensmann Institut für
Satellitengestütztes Atmosphärenmonitoring inkl. Nutzungsmöglichkeiten von Copernicus Sentinel Satelliten Heinrich Bovensmann Institut für Umweltphysik, Universität Bremen Mit Beiträgen von: Andreas Richter
More informationEXAMPLES OF TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS PRODUCED FROM SPACE AND ACHIEVED ACCURACY CARAVAN Workshop on Mapping from Space, Phnom Penh, June 2000
EXAMPLES OF TOPOGRAPHIC MAPS PRODUCED FROM SPACE AND ACHIEVED ACCURACY CARAVAN Workshop on Mapping from Space, Phnom Penh, June 2000 Jacobsen, Karsten University of Hannover Email: karsten@ipi.uni-hannover.de
More information14. COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
14. COMMUNICATION SYSTEM SYNOPSIS : INTRODUCTION 1. The exchange of information between a sender and receiver is called communication. 2. The arrangement of devices to transfere the information is called
More informationChapter 7 HF Propagation. Ionosphere Solar Effects Scatter and NVIS
Chapter 7 HF Propagation Ionosphere Solar Effects Scatter and NVIS Ionosphere and Layers Radio Waves Bent by the Ionosphere Daily variation of Ionosphere Layers Ionospheric Reflection Conduction by electrons
More informationRECOMMENDATION ITU-R BS.80-3 * Transmitting antennas in HF broadcasting
Rec. ITU-R BS.80-3 1 RECOMMENDATION ITU-R BS.80-3 * Transmitting antennas in HF broadcasting (1951-1978-1986-1990) The ITU Radiocommunication Assembly, considering a) that a directional transmitting antenna
More informationMEthane Remote sensing LIdar mission COPUOS, Vienna June 2013
CNES CNES/Photon/ill.Michel Regy, 2013 MEthane Remote sensing LIdar mission COPUOS, Vienna 12.-21. June 2013 1 MERLIN COPUOS, Vienna 12.-21. June 2013 CNES Climate Change Temperature Increase over the
More informationIonospheric Propagation
Ionospheric Propagation Page 1 Ionospheric Propagation The ionosphere exists between about 90 and 1000 km above the earth s surface. Radiation from the sun ionizes atoms and molecules here, liberating
More informationSystem for Testing of Aerological Sensors (STAS)
A PLATFORM FOR RADIOSONDE TEMPERATURE SENSORS COMPATIBILITY TESTS USING STRATOSPHERIC BALLOON FLIGHTS AND FIRST FLIGHT RESULTS A.Kats, M. Khaykin, D. Shifrin Central Aerological Observatory (CAO), Roshydromet
More informationTerrestrial Ionospheres
Terrestrial Ionospheres I" Stan Solomon" High Altitude Observatory National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder, Colorado stans@ucar.edu Heliophysics Summer School National Center for Atmospheric Research
More information