Time Domain EM Modelling. W. Simon, , serv0

Transcription

1 Time Domain EM Modelling

2 Introduction 3D full wave electromagnetic field solver (FDTD) Accurate: Validated with theory & measurements Versatile: Covering all passive RF-structures Efficient: Low memory requirements for large scale problems Fast: Winner of MEE-Journal CAD Benchmark competition Valuable: Highest quality at low price level Mems Switch 24 GHz LTCC Filter

3 Introduction Based on Finite Difference Time Domain method Developed by Empire users Speed optimized coding Proven in industrial & public projects Ceramic antennas PCB Boards

4 Spatial FDTD Principle DUT Boundary Condition Simulation Box Graded Mesh µ t Parameters ε t Magnetic Field H E = = H E Electric Field J Excitation Time domain tracking of the Electromagetic Field Passive component analysis

5 The FDTD method Discretisation of computational domain Definition of field components Discretisation of Maxwell s curl equations Step by step calculation of electric and magnetic field components within the computational domain

6 Extreme speed optimized FDTD code Usage of the new processors (Pentium III, 4, Athlon, Athlon XP) 3D calculation extensions (SIMD) multiple floating point operations each processor cycle usage of multi-level processor cache Optimized C-code generated for each simulation / structure only the necessary equations are solved in the specific simulation region simulation time reduced by the factor 10 15

7 Simulation PC: Linux and Windows NT/ME/2000/XP 512 MB RAM for appr. 20 million cells (~ 50 λ cube) Control and monitoring capabilities Speed optimized... Time Domain Field Animation

8 2D Results Time Signals Impedances Admittances Scattering parameters Reference plane shift Smith chart Touchstone files

9 3D Results Near fields (E, H, J, P) Arrows, contour plots 3D Far field visualization Animation (Phase loop, time stepping) 4x4 array antenna 180 hybrid

10 Extensions EMPIRE offers various extensions to solve specific problems Nearfield to farfield transformation Resonance estimation Frequency dependend Debye based material models Standardised SAR and J averaging methods Lumped, waveguide, transmission line or plane wave port excitations...

11 Ganymede as Graphical User Interface Port & line library Rotational and extruded polygons 3D rendered views Clipping planes Case sensitive tool bars RF connector Editor optimized for fast model set up

12 Ganymede as Graphical User Interface... Animated fields Preview of discretized structure Automatic mesh generator Gerber, DXF & GDS import / export 3D STL im/export Antipodal Vivaldi antenna: 3D Radiation pattern

13 Ganymede as Graphical User Interface... 3D Data Import STL= Stereo Lithography

14 Ganymede as Graphical User Interface... 3D Data Import Boolean Operations: Merge, Subtract, Intersect

15 Ganymede as Graphical User Interface... Parametric objects Sweep

16 Ganymede as Graphical User Interface... Advanced Parametric objects and Optimization

17 V4.1: New Features Optimizer

18 V4.1: New Features Remote Control

19 CAD Benchmark:Waveguide Diplexer Empire 10min FEM 72 h 2D - Mode Matching 2min Microwave Engineering Europe, July 2000

20 CAD Benchmark: Vivaldi Antenna Organized by MEE Journal, 09/2000 Six different software vendors attended Empire demonstrated superiority with respect to simulation time & RAM space s 11 / db s 11 / db the fastest of the six simulators that took part in our recent CAD Benchmark exercise Focus on CAD and EDA, pp. 20, May 2001 f / GHz f / GHz

21 Memos: New MEMS Switch Concepts Specifications Frequency range: Input power: Insertion loss: Isolation: Return loss: Actuation voltage: 1 to 30 GHz up to 10 W < 0.4 db > 50 db > 20 db < 50 V Double Electrode SPDT Switch Serial Capacitive Switch Toggle SPST Switch Toggle SPDT Switch

22 Memos: MEMS 2 x 2 Matrix Design Specifications Frequency range: 1 to 30 GHz Input power: up to 10 W Insertion loss: < 1 db Isolation: > 40 db Return loss: > 20 db Port 3 Optimised 90 Bend Toggle SPDT Switch Port 1 Port 2 Isolating RF Cross Port 4 MEMS 2 x 2 matrix

23 Package Simulation SOT363 package in an coaxial test fixture BFS480 package in an coplanar test fixture Transistor chip on a lead-frame Verification Simulation vs. Measurement

24 Point to Multipoint Module TX IN TX OUT MIXER MS SL AMP ASL DC BP SL ASL ATT SL PA MS GPO MS SL ASL DC Microstrip Line Stripline Asymmetric Stripline DC Line Ground GND-Via Thermal Via

25 25 GHz LTCC BP Filter Chebychev band pass, f 0 = 25 +/- 0.4 GHz, 0.02 db ripple, 5 poles Attenuation > 70 db at f 0 +/- 3 GHz LTCC Design including via fence and metal thickness

26 25 GHz LTCC BP Filter Pass Band EM Visualisation Stop Band EM Visualisation

27 25 GHz LTCC BP Filter Verification Simulation vs Measurements (first shot prototyping, without tuning)

28 LTCC Filter 0 MSE Harm. Filter -5 Scattering Parameters in db Meas S11-35 Meas S21-40 Empire S22 Empire S Frequency f in MHz Fast simulation of a multilayer LTCC Filter including SMD components (~ 15 min)

29 Automotive Application 24 GHz Short-Range-Radar Processing Unit RADAR sensor RF circuit Tx-antenna Rx-antenna multilayer LTCC ground signal processing RF circuit

30 24 GHz Sensor Module RF Circuit Side Antenna Side

31 Integrated stacked patch antenna 15,0 10,0 5,0 directivity [dbi] 0,0-5,0-10,0-15,0-20,0-25,0-30,0-90,0-60,0-30,0 0,0 30,0 60,0 90,0 Sim., ephi Sim., etheta Meas.,ephi Meas, etheta angle [deg] E-plane far field pattern

32 Slotted waveguide array 28 GHz array 2x 32 elements in one row plastic injected moulding basic concept

33 Slotted waveguide array 0 Normalised power [db] Simulation Measurement angle[deg] H-plane far field pattern

34 Array Antenna S parameters [db] 0 s11 sim s11 m 1-5 s11 m Frequency [GHz] 0 Amplitude / db -30 Simulation Measurement Angle /degree

35 KA-Band Antenna Sattelite communication for inflight entertaintment

36 Array Antenna Patch array Circular polarisation Sequentially rotated 64 x 64 elements Digital Beam Forming Patch, circularly polarised Substrate Slot Circular waveguide

37 3D Far field plots of 4 x 4 sub array FDTD FDTDfarfield farfieldcalculation with with excitation of of elements inside inside a 4 x 4 array array consideration of of excitation with with different phase phase shifts shifts

38 Ultra Wideband Planar mono-cone antenna in DVD player: 20log 10 (A TX ( Φ, Θ=90 ) z P Radiation 7 GHz y Θ Φ x 20log 10 (A TX ( Φ=90, Θ) Planar mono-cone antenna Integrated into model of DVD player Antenna characterized including complete environment Significant impact of specific integration scenario on TF

39 Ultra Wideband Link between DVD player and Vivaldi antenna including multi-path effects: Φ 1 d = 2 m a = 1 m Φ2 conductive wall Use TF as input data in propagation modeling

40 Dosimetric Investigation of Mobile Phones Procedure Procedure based based on on EN EN 50361: 50361: SAM SAM Phantom Phantom Test Test Positions Positions Cheek/Tilted Cheek/Tilted g g averaging averaging IMST IMST contributes contributes to to IEEE IEEE SCC-34 SCC-34 WG-2 WG-2 Standard Standard IEEE IEEE P1529 P1529 will will specifies specifies FDTD FDTD computational computational techniques techniques for for dosimetric dosimetricinvestigations investigations with with wireless wireless handsets handsets

41 Application: Article Surveillance System EN EN Article Surveillance System (f=58 khz) khz) EN EN enforces numerical assessment current density CD CD in in the the spinal fluid fluid

42 IMST Service & Support Software Update & Support We respond to requests for help within 24h during working week days Consulting Service: Our experts help you to work with EMPIRE Individual customer training on-the-job Customization: (Non-) exclusive software extension EMPIRE based services (we do the job for you) Modeling (packages, connectors, switches,... ) EM RF design (antennas, transitions, passive elements)