Name: Date: Waves and Electromagnetic Spectrum, Sound Waves, and Light Waves Study Guide For Final

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1 Name: Date: Waves and Electromagnetic Spectrum, Sound Waves, and Light Waves Study Guide For Final Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. A disturbance that transfers energy from place to place is called a a. wave. b. medium. c. vibration. d. compression. 2. The highest parts of a transverse wave are called a. troughs. b. crests. c. nodes. d. wavelengths. 3. Waves that move the particles of the medium parallel to the direction in which the waves are traveling are called a. compressional waves. b. transverse waves. c. surface waves. d. combination waves. 4. The distance between two corresponding parts of a wave is the wave s a. amplitude. b. wavelength. c. frequency. d. speed. 5. The bending of waves due to a change in speed is called a. reflection. b. refraction. c. diffraction. d. interference. 6. The interaction between two waves that meet is called a. reflection.

2 b. refraction. c. diffraction. d. interference. 7. Frequency is measured in units called a. amps. b. hertz. c. nodes. d. antinodes. 8. When a wave hits a surface through which it CANNOT pass and bounces back, it undergoes a. reflection. b. refraction. c. constructive interference. d. destructive interference. 9. Waves combine to produce a smaller or zero-amplitude wave in a process called a. destructive interference. b. constructive interference. c. reflection. d. refraction. 10. Which waves have some electrical properties and some magnetic properties? a. longitudinal waves b. transverse waves c. mechanical waves d. electromagnetic waves 11. Electromagnetic waves can transfer energy without a(an) a. medium. b. electric field. c. magnetic field. d. change in either a magnetic or an electric field. 12. When a police officer uses radar for speed control, the officer is using what kind of electromagnetic waves? a. radio waves b. gamma rays c. ultraviolet rays

3 d. X-rays 13. Visible light can be separated into various colors to form a(an) a. spectrum. b. thermogram. c. MRI. d. X-ray picture. 14. FM signals travel as changes in a. the speed of the wave. b. the amplitude of the wave. c. the frequency of the wave. d. the loudness of the wave. 15. What kind of waves do cellular telephones use to transmit and receive signals? a. gamma rays b. microwaves c. ultraviolet rays d. infrared rays 16. Global Positioning System signals can tell you a. what television station you are tuned to. b. your exact location on Earth. c. how many satellites are in orbit. d. who is sending a message to your pager. 17. For each cell, or geographical area, a cellular phone system requires a. a hub. b. a specific frequency. c. a tower. d. a satellite dish. 18. An instrument used to view different colors of light produced by each type of light bulb is called a(an) a. thermogram. b. spectroscope. c. radar gun. d. MRI machine.

4 19. Cell phone signals are transmitted by a. radio waves. b. infrared rays. c. ultraviolet rays. d. X-rays. Light Waves, Mirrors, and Lenses 1. A material that reflects or absorbs any light that strikes it is. a. opaque b. transparent c. translucent d. concave 2. Frosted glass and wax paper are. a. transparent b. translucent c. clear d. opaque 3. What happens when parallel rays of light hit a smooth surface? a. diffuse reflection b. diffraction c. refraction d. regular reflection 4. When the surface of a mirror curves inward, like the inside of a bowl, it is called a. a. plane mirror b. convex mirror c. concave mirror d. diffuse mirror 5. The bending of light rays as they enter a new medium is called. a. diffuse reflection b. regular reflection c. refraction d. diffraction 6. What happens when light passes from air into water? a. The light speeds up. b. The light continues at the same speed. c. The light slows down. d. The light forms a mirage. 7. A curved piece of glass or other transparent material that is used to refract light is called a (an).

5 a. mirror b. lens c. reflector d. optical fiber 8. Because the light rays never meet, a concave lens can produce. a. no image b. both real and virtual images c. only a real image d. only a virtual image 9. The primary colors of light are. a. red, yellow, and blue b. yellow, cyan, and magenta c. red, green, and blue d. red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and violet 10. Colored substances that are used to color other materials are called. a. pigments b. lenses c. mirages d. filters 11. The colored ring of muscle that controls the size of the pupil is called the. a. cornea b. iris c. lens d. retina 12. The signals generated by the rods and cones are carried to your brain by the. a. cornea b. pupil c. optic nerve d. lens 13. A person is nearsighted if he or she. a. can see far away things very well b. has eyeballs that are a little too short c. has eyeballs that are a little too long d. sees nearby objects as blurry 14. What instruments use lenses or mirrors to collect and focus light from distant objects? a. microscopes b. optical fibers c. telescopes

6 d. lasers 15. Which device uses lenses to focus light rays and record an image of an object on photographic film? a. microscope b. reflecting telescope c. refracting telescope d. camera 16. Clear glass, water, and air are examples of what kind of material? a. opaque b. fluid c. translucent d. transparent 17. What occurs when parallel rays of light hit a rough or bumpy surface? a. regular reflection b. diffuse reflection c. refraction d. diffraction 18. The transparent front surface of the eye is called the. a. cornea b. iris c. pupil d. retina 19. Rods and cones are the light-sensitive cells on the. a. cornea b. iris c. pupil d. retina 20. What type of image does a plane mirror produce? a. real and inverted b. virtual and inverted c. real and upright d. virtual and upright

7 Short Answers 1. In a compressional wave moving along a spring, areas where the coils are farthest apart are called. 2. The of a mechanical wave is a direct measure of its energy. 3. The law of reflection states that the angle of equals the angle of reflection. 4. The material through which a wave travels is called a(an). 5. The spreading out of waves after they pass through a narrow opening is. 6. Red light has the longest of any color of visible light. 7. The part of the electromagnetic spectrum you can see is called light. 8. are used to make images of bones inside the human body. 9. AM signals travel as changes in the of a radio wave. Sound Waves 1. The speed of sound depends on. a. the loudness of the sound b. the pitch of the sound c. the source of the sound d. the properties of the medium it travels through 2. The amount of energy a sound wave carries per second through a unit area is its. a. loudness b. intensity c. frequency d. pitch 3. Loudness, or sound level, is measured in units called. a. decibels b. hertz c. meters per second d. watts per square meter

8 4. The pitch of a sound that you hear depends on the sound wave s. a. loudness b. frequency c. intensity d. speed 5. What is a mixture of sound waves that do not sound pleasing together called? a. music b. noise c. timbre d. pitch 6. The basic groups of musical instruments are. a. stringed, woodwind, and brass b. stringed, wind, and percussion c. brass, woodwind, and percussion d. stringed, woodwind, and percussion Fill-in-the-blank Complete each statement with the correct vocabulary term. 1. A mirage is caused by as light passes through layers of air at different temperatures. 2. A convex lens is in the center than at its edges. 3. The hammer, anvil, and stirrup are bones that make up the ear. 4. A (an) material is one that allows light to pass through it, but not very well. 5. Diffuse occurs when parallel rays of light hit a bumpy, or uneven, surface.

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