INSTRUCTION MANUAL WAVE-FRONT ANALYZER. KR-1W Viewer. Version TOPCON Corporation

Transcription

1 INSTRUCTION MANUAL WAVE-FRONT ANALYZER KR-1W Viewer Version 1.01 TOPCON Corporation December 15, 2009

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3 INTRODUCTION Thank you for purchasing the TOPCON Wave-front Analyzer KR-1W Viewer. The KR-1W Viewer is a software application that may be installed and utilized on a commercial personal computer (PC). This text outlines the KR-1W Viewer and describes the software's basic operation and explanation of the analysis result displays. To encourage the safe, efficient use of this software, carefully read "Displays for Safe Use" and "Safety Precautions." Thorough understanding and proficient operation of the KR-1W Viewer software is necessary for effective and reliable analysis of data. For future reference, keep this Instruction Manual in a convenient location. PRECAUTIONS To ensure smooth operation of the KR-1W Viewer, install the PC on a level place free of vibrations. Before using the KR-1W Viewer, connect all cables according to Preparation instructions on page 6. Use the specified source voltage as specified in the KR-1W Instrument Instruction Manual. This Instruction Manual does not contain explanations about the PC and Microsoft Windows on the basis that the user has and existing practical knowledge. For the operation methods of the PC and Microsoft Windows, see individual manuals for each system. TOPCON shall not take any responsibility for damage caused by using the software and the Instruction Manual. Diagnosis shall be made on the responsibility of the doctor, and TOPCON shall not take any responsibility for the result of such diagnosis. Specifications of the software and contents of the Instruction Manual are subject change without notice. KR-1W is a trademark of TOPCON CORPORATION. Microsoft Windows is a registered trademark or trademark of US Microsoft Corporation in the USA and other countries. 1

4 DISPLAYS FOR SAFE USE In order to encourage the safe use of the machine and prevent any danger to the operator and others or damage to properties, important warnings are placed on the product and inserted in the instruction manual. We suggest that everyone understand the meaning of the following displays and icons before reading the "SAFETY PRECAUTIONS" and the main text. DISPLAY WARNING MEANING Ignoring or disregarding this display may lead to death or serious injury. CAUTION Ignoring or disregarding this display may lead to personal injury or physical damage. Injury refers to cuts, bruises, sprains, fractures, burn, electric shock, etc. Physical damage refers to extensive damage to buildings or equipment and furniture. ICON MEANING This icon indicates Prohibition. Specific content is expressed with words and/or an illustration near the icon. This indicates Mandatory Action. Specific content is expressed with words and/or an illustration near the icon. This indicates Caution. Specific content is expressed with words and/or an illustration near the icon. 2

5 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS CAUTION Icon Description Page Memory and hard disk capacities differ depending on the computer. 5 Confirm analysis results. Analysis using an incorrect detection result may lead to a false measurement result. 39,40 USAGE AND MAINTENANCE PURPOSE The KR-1W Viewer is a software application that may be installed and utilized on a commercial personal computer (PC). USER MAINTENANCE To ensure the safety and performance of the instrument, all maintenance work, unless specified in this manual, shall be conducted by a certified Topcon Service Engineer. ESCAPE CLAUSE TOPCON shall not take any responsibility for damage due to fire, earthquakes, actions by a third party or other accidents, or the negligence and misuse of the user and use under unusual conditions. TOPCON shall not take any responsibility for damage derived from inability to use this equipment, such as loss of business profits and suspension of business. For software products, the included license conditions precede. TOPCON shall not take any responsibility for damage caused by operations other than those described in this Instruction Manual. Diagnosis shall be made on the responsibility of the doctors, and TOPCON shall not take any responsibility for the result of such diagnosis. 3

6 CONTENT INTRODUCTION...1 DISPLAYS FOR SAFE USE...2 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS...3 USAGE AND MAINTENANCE...3 PURPOSE...3 USER MAINTENANCE...3 ESCAPE CLAUSE...3 PREPARATIONS SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS...5 CONNECTING THE CABLE...6 SETTING THE KR-1W LAN OUTPUT (REFERENCE)...7 BASIC OPERATIONS TURN ON THE POWER...11 ACTIVATING THE COMPUTER AND SOFTWARE...11 POSITIONING THE PATIENT...12 MEASUREMENT UNDER AUTO MODE...14 DATA TRANSFER...17 DISPLAY OF PATIENT DATA...18 ANALYSIS RESULT SCREEN...20 BASIC OPERATIONS...24 ANALYSIS RESULT SCREEN(ANALYSIS RESULT DISPLAY MAP)...26 ANALYZING THE CORNEAL MEASUREMENT IMAGE (MIRE IMAGE) AND CONFIRMING THE RESULT...39 ANALYZING THE REFRACTIVE WAVEFRONT MEASUREMENT IMAGE (HARTMANN IMAGE) AND CONFIRMING THE RESULT...40 DISPLAYING THE MEASUREMENT RESULT ANALYSIS CENTER...41 DESCRIPTION ABOUT RMS DISPLAY OF OCULAR ABERRATION...41 DESCRIPTION ABOUT RMS DISPLAY OF CORNEAL ABERRATION...42 ENLARGEMENT DISPLAY...46 VARIOUS SETTINGS OF MAP DISPLAY...47 BACKUP ARCHIVE FUNCTION...53 BACKUP FUNCTION...54 PRINT SETTING SETTING THE PRINT STYLE...56 TERMINOLOGY DESCRIPTION OF TERMS

7 PREPARATIONS SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS CAUTION Memory and hard disk capacities differ depending on the computer. Computer A computer utilizing Windows XP Professional or Windows Vista Business OS Windows XP Professional, Windows Vista Business DVD A DVD RW drive is necessary when installing the Viewer. Monitor A full-color monitor with a resolution of 1280 x 1024 pixels. CPU Core2Duo E6600 4MB L2 2.4GHz 1066MHz FSB and above. Memory 1GB RAM is required for proper software performance (2GB and above is recommended). Hard disk SATA 3.0Gb/s NCQ (7200 RPM) For installation, 10GB of free space on the HDD is required. When using the KR-1W Viewer Software, at least 30GB of free HDD space is required. (For failure and backup precautions, RAID configuration is recommended.) Display adapter A display adapter compatible with DirectX 9.0 is required. USB Two USB 2.0 ports are required. TCP/IP Provision of a TCP port 1433, is required. 5 PREPARATIONS

8 CONNECTING THE CABLE The KR-1W Wavefront Analyzer connects to a personal computer (PC) via a single LAN cable. LAN output terminal LAN CONNECTION 1 Connect the cable to the LAN output terminal of the KR-1W main body. 2 Connect the other end of the cable to the PC. When directly connecting the KR-1W main body with the PC, use a cross type LAN cable. For inquiries about other LAN connections, call your local dealer or TOPCON at the address printed on the back cover of this manual. 6 PREPARATIONS

9 SETTING THE KR-1W LAN OUTPUT (Reference) Settings related to data input/output by LAN connection are configured in the Setup screen of the KR-1W main body. For information regarding instrument operation, please see the KR-1W Wavefront Analyzer Instrument Manual. LAN communication settings should be configured by your local dealer or certified Topcon Service Engineer. SETTING THE KR-1W DATA OUTPUT When the Measurement value print/output button is pressed, outputting measurement data to a connected PC, while simultaneously printing with the internal printer, can be set to ON or OFF, Before shipment, the default setting is OFF. 1 Tap the Set Condition button of the set item display "KR-1W Data Output" of "NET- WORK." 2 Tap the Setting Change button and select "ON." 3 Setting is complete. LAN CONNECTION (NETWORK) 1 Tap the index "NETWORK" of the "SETTTINGS screen." The LAN Connection screen is displayed. SETTING THE DATA TRANSFER METHOD The data transfer method can be set. Before shipment, the default setting is "TCP/IP Transfer". 1 Tap the Set Condition button of the set item display "Data Transfer Method" of "NET- WORK. " 2 Tap the Setting Change button and select the "TCP/IP Transfer" or "Shared Folder Transfer". 3 Setting is completed by tapping the OK button. 7 PREPARATIONS

10 SETTING THE IP ADDRESS OF CONNECTED PC (Server IP Address) The IP address of the PC connected to output data can be set. 1 Tap the Set Condition button of the set item display "Server IP Address" of "NET- WORK. " 2 Enter the number by the ten-key display of the Setting Change button. 3 Setting is completed by tapping the OK button. SETTING THE PORT No. OF CONNECTED PC (Server Port No.) The server port No. of the PC connected to output data can be set. Before shipment, the default setting is "50000." 1 Tap the Set Condition button of the set item display "Server Port No." of "NETWORK. " 2 Enter the port No. by the ten-key display of the Setting Change button. 3 Setting is completed by tapping the OK button. SETTING THE SHARED FOLDER The shared folder of data transferred can be set. 1 Tap the Set Condition button of the set item display "Shared folder setting" of "NET- WORK. " 2 Tap the displayed keyboard, then enter "shared folder", "user" and "password". 3 Setting is completed by tapping the OK button. It is necessary to previously set the user, password and writing authority to the shared holder of the transferring destination. SETTING THE PRINT IMAGE OUTPUT When the DATA OUT button is pressed, output of the print image (image data) can be set to ON or OFF. Before shipment, the default setting is OFF. 1 Tap the Set Condition button of the set item display "Print Image Output" of "NET- WORK." 2 Tap the Setting Change button and select "ON" or "OFF." 3 Setting is complete. * Transferable print images are the image data of 4 layouts set by "SETTING OF EXTERNAL PRINTER (PRINT EXT)." If "Setting of External Printer" has not been done yet, image data cannot be transferred. 8 PREPARATIONS

11 SETTING THE KR-1W DATA OUTPUT When the DATA OUT button is pressed, outputting measurement data to a connected PC, while simultaneously printing with the internal printer, can be set to ON or OFF. Before shipment, the default setting is OFF. 1 Tap the Set Condition button of the set item display "KR-1W Data Output" of "NET- WORK." 2 Tap the Setting Change button and select "ON" or "OFF." 3 Setting is complete. SETTING THE SCREEN SHOT OUTPUT Screen shot is a function that allows the Analysis Result screen to be output. In KR-1W, the Analysis Result screen displayed on the main body is outputted in the bit map style. When the DATA OUT button is pressed, outputting the screen shot to a connected PC, while simultaneously printing with the internal printer, can be set to ON or OFF, Before shipment, the default setting is OFF. 1 Tap the Set Condition button of the set item display "Screen Shot Output" of "NET- WORK. " 2 Tap the Setting Change button and select "ON" or "OFF." 3 Setting is completed by tapping the OK button. SETTING REF/KRT DATA OUTPUT When the DATA OUT button is pressed, outputting measurement data to a connected PC, while simultaneously printing with the internal printer, can be set to ON or OFF. Before shipment, the default setting is OFF. 1 Tap the Set Condition button of the set item display "REF/KRT Data Output" of "NET- WORK." 2 Tap the Setting Change button and select "ON" or "OFF." 3 Setting is complete. SETTING THE KR-1W IP ADDRESS The IP address of KR-1W can be set. 1 Tap the Set Condition button of the set item display "KR-1W IP Address" of "NET- WORK. " 2 Enter the number by the ten-key display of the Setting Change button. 3 Setting is completed by tapping the OK button. 9 PREPARATIONS

12 SETTING THE KR-1W SUBNET MASK The subnet mask of KR-1W can be set. 1 Tap the Set Condition button of the set item display "KR-1W Subnet Mask" of "NET- WORK. " 2 Using the ten-key display of the Setting Change button, enter the same subnet mask as that of the PC to be connected. 3 Setting is completed by tapping the OK button. SETTING THE KR-1W DEFAULT GATEWAY The default gateway of KR-1W can be set. 1 Tap the Set Condition button of the set item display "KR-1W Default Gateway" of "NET- WORK. " 2 Using the ten-key display of the Setting Change button, enter the same default gateway as that of the PC to be connected. 3 Setting is completed by tapping the OK button. 10 PREPARATIONS

13 BASIC OPERATIONS TURN ON THE POWER 1 Turn on the POWER switch. Confirm that the title screen is displayed. The MEASUREMENT screen will be displayed shortly after. W w 2 When the initial setting is Auto mode, and when the MEASUREMENT screen is displayed, a message "Get the eye aligned and press the MEASUREMENT switch" is displayed on the screen: the waiting status starts. In this case, alignment operation is not done even when the setting of alignment mode is "Auto." The message disappears by pressing the MEASUREMENT switch or by touching the screen, following the message. When the initial setting of alignment mode is "Auto," alignment operation starts. ACTIVATING THE COMPUTER AND SOFTWARE 1 Switch ON the PC. When Windows starts and the access LED of the hard disk drive turns OFF, click on the shortcut icon, located on the Windows desktop, to launch the KR-1W Viewer software. If the software is started while the access LED of the hard disk drive is still ON, a slow activation of the database might cause an error. 11 BASIC OPERATIONS

14 POSITIONING THE PATIENT CAUTION Never insert your fingers under the chinrest. * Inform the patient of this, too. Careless insertion of fingers may cause injury by pinching. MEMO When operating the instrument, be careful not to touch the patient's face or nose. If touched, clean the instrument following "CLEANING THE INSTRUMENT" on page 131, Instruction manual of the KR-1W main body. 1 Make sure the MEASUREMENT screen is on. 2 Let the patient sit in front of the instrument. 3 Adjust the height of the automatic instrument table or the chair so that the patient can place their chin on the chinrest comfortably. Let the patient place their chin on the chinrest and forehead against the forehead rest. Height mark Make sure the patient's face is placed correctly on the chinrest, with the forehead correctly against the forehead rest. 12 BASIC OPERATIONS

15 4 By pressing the chinrest up/down button of the main body section of the instrument, adjust the height of the chinrest so that the patient's eye becomes level with the height mark on the chinrest support. Height mark Chinrest up/down button The chinrest moves up/down while the button or button is pressed. The chinrest stops if the applied load exceeds the specified weight. If the chinrest does not work even after removing the chin from it, it may be at fault. Turn OFF the POWER switch and disconnect the power cable: Call your dealer or TOPCON at the address printed on the back cover of this manual. If the applied load exceeds the specified weight, the chinrest may not work. Advise the patient not to push down on the chinrest more than necessary. If the patient's head is placed in the center of the chinrest, measurement may be disabled with a limit message. Make sure the patient's head is placed correctly. For details about the limit message, see "Limit message" on page BASIC OPERATIONS

16 MEASUREMENT UNDER AUTO MODE Here the measurement under Auto mode is explained. For measurements by other modes, see the Instruction Manual of the KR-1W main body. MEMO MEMO MEMO Adjust the height of the automatic instrument table so that the patient can sit on the chair comfortably and correct measurement values can be obtained. Measurement in auto mode may not be possible due to frequent blinks or existing abnormalities in the corneal surface caused corneal disease etc. In this case, use manual mode. When operating the instrument, be careful not to touch the patient's face or nose. If touched, clean the instrument following "CLEANING THE INSTRUMENT" on page 131, Instruction manual of the KR-1W main body. SETTING THE AUTO MODE In the initial status after power on, the measurement mode is default to auto mode (Full Auto). 1 Confirm the waiting status for measurement. Confirm that the AUTO button of the control panel is displayed in orange. If not, tap the AUTO button, select Auto mode (Full Auto), and set the waiting status for measurement. AUTO button Patient AUTO AUTO TRACKING MANUAL DATA LIST No. Luminous point S C A R1 R2 A1 S C A R1 R2 A1 Pupil image Alignment mark COUNT COUNT Check eye level and forehead, press measure switch. Ring image CYL [ - ] VD Fixed Target Brightness S C A MODE SETTINGS ALL CLEAR DATA OUT ANALYZE 2 A message "Check eye level and forehead, press measure switch." is displayed. Confirm that the pupil image and luminous point are displayed on the screen. If the image of the pupil is not shown on the screen, use the control lever to move the measuring head into the proper position, locating the patient's pupil. For the operation of the control lever, see "OPERATING THE CONTROL LEVER" on page 31, Instruction manual of the KR-1W main body. 3 When the pupil image is seen on the screen, tap the luminous point of the center part to start measurement, or press the MEASUREMENT switch on the control lever. The main body will move into the position where the pupil image and luminous point come on the screen center. 14 BASIC OPERATIONS

17 4 Confirm that a coaxial ring image is seen at the center of the pupil image. If the coaxial ring image cannot be recognized, it may be outside the auto alignment range. Using the control lever, move the main body forward and into to a position where the ring image can be seen. If the coaxial ring image is not visible, measurement will not start automatically, even if AUTO mode is set. 5 When the auto alignment range is reached, the main body performs an auto focusing function to finalize alignment, and will start the measurement process automatically. Even in steps 2 to 4, the main body starts measurement automatically when the auto alignment range is reached. If a limit message " " appears during auto alignment, indicating that the main body has reached the maximum limit of movement, manually operate the unit, using the control lever, toward the direction of proper alignment. Limit message: : When the main body exceeds the limit to the left (to the patient's right eye), a message "Move to the right" is displayed. : When the main body exceeds the limit to the right (to the patient's left eye), a message "Move to the left" is displayed. : When the main body exceeds the limit to the front (to the operator), a message "Push backward" is displayed. : When the main body exceeds the limit to the rear (to the patient), a message "Pull forward" is displayed. Auto alignment is not done while the control lever is in use. To enable a smooth auto alignment operation, do not utilize the control lever. When the measurement of the first eye is complete and the measuring head moves to the other eye, a limit message may be displayed if the measuring head cannot locate the patient's pupil on the second eye, and measurement on the second eye will not be performed. If this occurs, check to confirm the patient's head position is centered in the headrest, and the chinrest is at the proper height. 6 When the measurement of one eye is finished and when R/L continuous measurement is selected, the measuring head moves automatically to the measurement position of the other eye. 7 If the alignment position with the patient's pupil is not correct, adjust the alignment by tapping on the control screen or by operating the control lever. When realignment is complete, the final alignment and focusing operations will start automatically and measurement is done. 8 After finishing the measurement, the results are displayed on the Control Panel screen. It will take a few seconds for measurement to be fully complete, and display the final results. 15 BASIC OPERATIONS

18 9 When all the set measurements are complete, "FINISH" is displayed on the screen. If MONO mode is selected, total measurement is completed after measurement of the selected eye is performed. After "FINISH" is displayed, it is possible to continue measurement by pressing the MEASUREMENT switch. To stop the auto alignment, tap MANUAL resume the auto measurement, tap AUTO. and stop the auto measurement. To 16 BASIC OPERATIONS

19 DATA TRANSFER When measurement is complete, REF/KRT data are displayed on the monitor screen of the KR-1W main body. If the measurement is not performed correctly, an error is displayed. Even when no error is displayed, confirm the measurement data. Patient AUTO AUTO TRACKING MANUAL DATA LIST No. S C A 80 R R A S C 80 A R R2 A1 COUNT05 05 COUNT Finish CYL [ - ] VD Fixed Target Brightness S C A MODE SETTINGS ALL CLEAR DATA OUT ANALYZE 1 Confirm the "analysis result" and data in the "data list." Once all data is confirmed, data transfer to the PC may be performed. Tap the DATA OUT button on control panel of the KR-1W main body. The DATA OUT button lights, and measurement values displayed on the control panel screen are outputted/transferred to the PC. The light of DATA OUT button is turned off. Patient AUTO AUTO TRACKING MANUAL DATA LIST No. S C A 80 R R A S C 80 A R R2 A1 COUNT05 05 COUNT CYL [ - ] VD Fixed Target Brightness S C A MODE SETTINGS ALL CLEAR DATA OUT ANALYZE If data output is not successful, an error message such as "Failed in USB data output" is displayed. Even when the output is complete and the displayed measurement values are cleared from the screen, the data are left in the main body. Before starting the next measurement, the existing data set may be outputted repeatedly by tapping the DATA OUT button. When the next measurement is started, the previous data set is deleted. 17 BASIC OPERATIONS

20 DISPLAY OF PATIENT DATA DISPLAYING PATIENT DATA 1 By double-clicking the KR-1W Viewer software icon on the Windows desktop, the following screen is activated. 2 Pull down the "Patient" menu from the menu bar at the upper part of the window, and select "Select Patient." Information of the patient measured by the KR-1W (or KR- 9000PW) is displayed. Patient list Information in the patient list can be edited by selecting the "Edit Patient." Information such as address, address and record No. can also be added. The patient list has columns of ID (patient ID), first name, middle name and family name, sex and date of birth. Patient list data may be sorted by selecting any of these columns. 18 BASIC OPERATIONS

21 3 By clicking on the Row of the patient desired to be displayed in the patient list, the Row is highlighted in blue. By double-clicking under this status, the ExamFilter is displayed. (The ExamFilter can also be displayed by directly double-clicking without highlighting in blue.) The ExamFilter shows all measurement data of the patient, including the time/date of measurement. Patient list ExamFilter area ExamFilter Items displayed as "KR-1W" in the procedure of ExamFilter indicate the data measured by the KR-1W. Data measured by the KR-9000W in the past are displayed as "KR-9000PW Multi" or "KR-9000PW Single." 4 By double-clicking the Exam result of the date desired to be displayed on the ExamFilter, the analysis result is displayed. Using the ExamFilter, you can efficiently narrow down the data. (For details, see "ExamFilter Tab" on page BASIC OPERATIONS

22 ANALYSIS RESULT SCREEN Patient menu Patient information button Save and Print buttons Re-analysis buttons Setting button Tab R-L change Query Patients tab ExamFilter Map change button Measurement result summary "Patient information button" Close Patient Refresh Patient List Query Patients Close Patient...Closes the displayed patient data. Refresh Patient List...Update the displayed patient list. Query Patients...Displays the Query Patients panel. "Save and Print buttons" Save button Print preview button Print button Save button...after re-analyzing, the re-analyzed data is saved. Print button...by clicking on the Print button, the screen changes to the Print screen. Print preview button...used to confirm layout and others on the Print screen. 20 BASIC OPERATIONS

23 "Re-analysis buttons" Total analysis (auto) Corneal analysis (auto) Refractive wavefront analysis (auto) Refractive wavefront analysis (manual) Corneal analysis (manual) Total analysis (manual) Total analysis (auto)...re-analyzes the corneal wavefront aberration and refractive wavefront aberration of the displayed measurement results automatically. Corneal analysis (auto)...re-analyzes only the corneal wavefront aberration of the displayed measurement results automatically. Refractive wavefront analysis (auto)...corrects Hartmann image points and re-analyzes the refractive wavefront aberration of the displayed measurement result automatically. Automatic analysis is available only for the data measured by the KR-1W and not for the data measured by the KR-9000PW. Total analysis (manual).re-analyze the corneal wavefront aberration and refractive wavefront aberration of the displayed measurement results manually. (The Re-analysis screen is displayed.) Corneal analysis (manual)...re-analyze only the corneal wavefront aberration of the displayed measurement results manually. (The Re-analysis screen is displayed.) Refractive wavefront analysis (manual)...re-analyzes the refractive wavefront aberration of the displayed measurement result manually. (The Re-analysis screen is displayed.) "Setting button" Setting button...used for settings of each map display (see page 47). "Query Patients tab" Query Patients tab...used for Query Patients (see page 24). "Tab" Tab...Can change patient list and KR-1W Viewer. 21 BASIC OPERATIONS

24 "Left/Right eye selection"...selects the left/right eye display of the currently displayed data. "Map change buttons" Changes maps as follows:...multi map...ocular aberration map...corneal aberration map...component map...zernike vector map...summary map...iol selection map...psf/mtf map...pupillometry map Note that the pupillometry map is valid only for the data measured in the pupillometry mode. Data has not been measured in the pupillometry mode is grayed out and cannot be selected as shown below. (Except in the pupillometry mode) Summary map is valid only for the KR-1W data file. (In the KR-9000PW data file) 22 BASIC OPERATIONS

25 "Measurement result summary" R-1, R Measurement results are displayed in order of 1st, 2nd,... of the right eye and 1st of the left eye. Maps display Ocular HOA and Corneal HOA. Orange cursor...by clicking on the currently displayed measurement result or another result, the orange cursor moves and the selected result is displayed. Measured eye scroll bar...by scrolling in the horizontal direction, R-1~R10, L-1~L-10 can be displayed. "ExamFilter" ExamFilter...Displays the measurement data list of the patient. Narrow down the data and get the desired measurement result from the date of measurement of the patient, or from the procedure. "Patient menu" Query Patients...Displays the Query Patients panel. (see page 24) Select Patient...Displays the patient list to select patients. Refresh...Updates the displayed patient list. When new data are transferred from the KR-1W main body, updating can be done. When the added data do not match the data narrowing conditions of the Query patients menu, these data are not displayed. In this case, conduct searching by changing the narrowing conditions of the Query patients menu (see page 24). Register Patient...Register new patients. When data are transferred from the KR-1W main body, these data are registered automatically by the patient ID entered in the KR- 1W main body. So, the registering operation is not necessary. Registration items include, patient ID (essential), full name (essential) and middle name, sex and date of birth, postal code, address, phone No./fax No., clinical record No., category, occupation, attending doctor, medical history, etc. Edit Patient...Edits information of the registered patients. Items entered by Patient registration can be edited. Delete Patient...Deletes patient information. When data have already been transferred from the KR-1W main body and registered, or when the attending doctor and medical history have been registered, deletion is not possible. 23 BASIC OPERATIONS

26 BASIC OPERATIONS Query Patients Tab How To Get The Query Patients Menu 1 Click on the Query Patients tab. The Query Patients Menu slides out. 2 By clicking on the "Push-Pin" at the top right of the menu, the menu screen will become fixed. (If the menu screen is not fixed, it is displayed while the mouse cursor is within the Query Patients menu area, but it is folded automatically when the mouse cursor is brought outside the Query Patients menu area.) How To Fold The Query Patients Menu Query Patients menu area Query button Push-Pin Clear button Query Patients tab 1 If the Query Patients Menu is fixed with the "push-pin," click the "push-pin" mark again: the menu is folded and the screen returns to the tab display. 2 If the Query Patients Menu is not fixed, it is folded automatically by dragging the mouse cursor outside the Query Patients Menu area. Narrowing Down Patient Data On the Query Patients Menu, patient data can be narrowed down from the patient list so as to get the desired measurement result. Information available for narrowing down includes the following: ID code Last name First name Sex Exam Date (Within the past, number of days, number of weeks, number of months, date of measurement of a year) 1 Enter an item and press the Query button and narrow down the patient list. 2 Press the Clear button to clear the entered contents. 24 BASIC OPERATIONS

27 ExamFilter Tab By clicking on the Exam Filter tab, the Exam Filter is displayed. The "Push-Pin" and Exam Filter can be handled similarly to the Query Patients tab. ExamFilter tab Push-Pin The ExamFilter is a function that may be used to narrow down the data from the date of measurement of the patient, or from the procedure, to retrieve the desired measurement results. 1 Click the date of Exam Narrowing tab (date of measurement), Procedure (KR-1W, KR-9000PW Multi or KR-9000PW Single) or List and select information to be used for Query. (The figure on the right is a case selecting "List." When date is selected, dates of measurement are displayed in a list.) Exam Narrowing tab In the case of "date" or "procedure," the procedure of KR-1W is displayed by clicking the [+] button. If measurement data of KR-9000PW are available, three types of procedure (KR-1W, KR-9000PW Multi or KR-9000PW Single) are displayed: Doubleclick the procedure to be displayed. In the "Eye" of the List tab, R is right eye, L is left eye and B is "Bino (both eyes)". 2 The ExamList, displayed under the ExamFilter, is narrowed down as above. When a data of which the measurement result is desired is found in the ExamList, the measurement result is displayed by double-clicking the data. 25 BASIC OPERATIONS

28 ANALYSIS RESULT SCREEN(ANALYSIS RESULT DISPLAY MAP) MULTI MAP DISPLAY Both Corneal and Ocular aberration maps and Landolt's ring simulation are displayed. (2) Axial Power map (1) Mire Image (3) Corneal HOA map (10) Multi Map button (11) KRT data (8) RMS of corneal aberration (6) Ocular HOA map (4) Hartmann image (5) Ocular Total Aberration map (7) Landolt's Ring Simulation (12) REF data (9) RMS of ocular aberration (1) Mire Image An image of corneal surface; from this image, measurements related to the cornea are analyzed. The pupil diameter is displayed together with the time and date of measurement at the bottom part. Operation: Enlarged by double-clicking. (See "ANALYZING THE CORNEAL MEASUREMENT IMAGE (MIRE IMAGE) AND CONFIRMING THE RESULT" on page 39.) The overlay can be changed. (See "ANALYZING THE CORNEAL MEASUREMENT IMAGE (MIRE IMAGE) AND CONFIRMING THE RESULT" on page 39.) (2) Axial Power map A map to display the distribution of corneal refractive power. KR values are displayed at the bottom part of the map. (3) Corneal HOA map A map to display corneal higher order aberrations. (4) Hartmann image A point image reflected from the internal ocular part through the pupil. From this image, REF values, ocular total aberration, high order aberrations, etc. are calculated. Description about the analysis is given at the bottom part of the image. (Analysis center/amount of central movement (See "ANALYSIS CENTER" on page 41.)) Operation: Enlarged by double-clicking. (See "ANALYZING THE REFRAC- TIVE WAVEFRONT MEASUREMENT IMAGE (HARTMANN IMAGE) AND CONFIRMING THE RESULT" on page 40.) The overlay can be changed. (See "ANALYZING THE REFRAC- TIVE WAVEFRONT MEASUREMENT IMAGE (HARTMANN IMAGE) AND CONFIRMING THE RESULT" on page 40.) 26 BASIC OPERATIONS

29 (5) Ocular Total Aberration map A total aberration map, including lower order aberration of ocular refraction. This map can distinguish near and far vision tendencies. center of the map is cold in color (blue) near vision tendency. center of the map is warm in color (red) far vision tendency. Operation: Enlarged by double-clicking. (See "ENLARGEMENT DISPLAY" on page 46.) The map display step can be changed. (See "Total Aberration Map" on page 50.) (6) Ocular HOA map A map to display ocular higher order aberration. This map displays irregular astigma which cannot be corrected by eyeglasses. Operation: Enlarged by double-clicking. (See "ENLARGEMENT DISPLAY" on page 46.) The map display step can be changed. (See "HIGH ORDER ABERRATION/ASTIGMA MAP" on page 51.) (7) Landolt's Ring Simulation Simulation of the vision of Landolt's ring target using ocular higher order aberration. This displays reference cases completely corrected by eye glasses and the like. Visions of target by 20/100 (0.2), 20/40 (0.5) and 20/20 (1.0) are displayed, from the top stage. Operation: Enlarged by double-clicking. The direction of Landolt's ring can be changed. (See "LANDOLT'S RING SIMULATION" on page 51.) The optotype of Landolt's ring can be changed (See "LANDOLT'S RING SIMULATION" on page 51.) To normalize the brightness or not can be changed. (See "LANDOLT'S RING SIMULATION" on page 51.) (8) RMS of corneal aberration Quantitatively displays corneal aberrations (see "DESCRIPTION ABOUT RMS DISPLAY OF CORNEAL ABERRATION" on page 42). (9) RMS of ocular aberration Displays ocular total aberration and HOA quantitatively (see "DESCRIPTION ABOUT RMS DISPLAY OF OCULAR ABERRA- TION" on page 41). (10) Multi Map button Used to change the display to Multi map. (11) KRT data KRT measurement value is displayed. Display unit can be selected from D and mm. (See "Change D/mm" on page 48.) The data measured with KR-9000PW is always displayed by the HV. (See "HV/R1R2" on page 48.) (12) REF data REF measurement value is displayed. 27 BASIC OPERATIONS

30 OCULAR ABERRATION MAP DISPLAY This map displays information about aberration related to total refraction. (3) Ocular HOA map (2) Ocular total aberration map (6) Ocular aberration map button (1) Hartmann image (4) Landolt's Ring Simulation (5) RMS display of ocular aberration (1) Hartmann image (See "Hartmann image" on page 26.) Operation: Enlarged by double-clicking. (See "ANALYZING THE REFRAC- TIVE WAVEFRONT MEASUREMENT IMAGE (HARTMANN IMAGE) AND CONFIRMING THE RESULT" on page 40.) When dragged in the right-left direction, the overlay can be changed. (See page 40.) (2) Ocular total aberration map(see "Ocular Total Aberration Map" on page 27.) Operation: Enlarged by double-clicking. (See "ENLARGEMENT DISPLAY" on page 46.) The map display step can be changed. (See "Total Aberration Map" on page 50.) (3) Ocular HOA map (See "Ocular High Order Aberration Map" on page 27.) Operation: Enlarged by double-clicking. (See "ENLARGEMENT DISPLAY" on page 46.) The map display step can be changed. (See "HIGH ORDER ABERRATION/ASTIGMA MAP" on page 51.) (4) Landolt's ring simulation(see "Landolt's Ring Simulation" on page 27.) Operation: Enlarged by double-clicking. The direction of Landolt's ring can be changed. The optotype of Landolt's ring can be changed. To normalize the brightness or not can be changed. (See "LANDOLT'S RING SIMULATION" on page 51.) (5) RMS display of ocular aberration Ocular aberration is displayed quantitatively. (See "DESCRIPTION ABOUT RMS DISPLAY OF OCULAR ABERRATION" (page 41) (6) Ocular aberration map button Use to change the display to Ocular aberration map. 28 BASIC OPERATIONS

31 CORNEAL ABERRATION MAP DISPLAY This map displays information about the cornea, including the cornea aberration map and the cornea topography map. (3) Axial Power map (7) Corneal aberration map button (1) Mire image (6) Corneal Index (3) Instantaneous Power map (5) RMS display of ocular aberration (4) Corneal HOA map (1) Mire image (See "Mire Image" on page 26.) Operation: (2) Axial Power map (See "Axial Power Map" on page 26.) Operation: (3) Instantaneous Power map Operation: The corneal refractive power is displayed by a local power distribution. (4) Corneal HOA map (See "Corneal HOA Map" on page 26.) Operation: (5) RMS display of corneal aberration Corneal aberration is displayed quantitatively. (See "DESCRIPTION ABOUT RMS DISPLAY OF CORNEAL ABERRATION" on page 42.) (6) Corneal Index Corneal refractive power is displayed quantitatively. Sim-Ks Shows the refractive power and angle of the flat meridian of 3-mm area on the cornea. Sim-Kw Shows the refractive power and angle of the steep meridian of 3-mm e value Enlarged by double-clicking. (See "ANALYZING THE CORNEAL MEASUREMENT IMAGE (MIRE IMAGE) AND CONFIRMING THE RESULT" on page 39.) The overlay can be changed. (See "ANALYZING THE CORNEAL MEASUREMENT IMAGE (MIRE IMAGE) AND CONFIRMING THE RESULT" on page 39.) Enlarged by double-clicking. Enlarged by double-clicking. The map scale can be changed. Enlarged by double-clicking. The map display step can be changed. (See "HIGH ORDER ABERRATION/ASTIGMA MAP" on page 51.) area on the cornea. Shows the eccentricity indicating the aspheric degree * For a perfect ball, e=0; for a shape normally flat in the periphery, 0<e<1. (7) Corneal aberration map button Use to change the display to corneal aberration map. 29 BASIC OPERATIONS

32 COMPONENT MAP DISPLAY This map displays the entire eye, cornea, behind the cornea (internal) and important components of high order aberration. In the map, components are tabulated; 3rd-order and 4th-order aberrations are displayed horizontally, and ocular, corneal and internal aberrations vertically. (5) Third-order display (1) Ocular total aberration map (12) Hartmann Image (4) Total HOA map (3) Astigmatism map (15) Component Map button (7) Ocular display (11) Mire Image (2) Axial Power map (6) Fourth-order display (14) Wavefront Refraction (13) Landolt's Ring Simulation (8) Corneal display (9) Internal display (10) Aberration RMS display (1) Ocular total aberration map (See "Ocular Total Aberration Map" on page 27.) Operation: (2) Axial Power map (See "Axial Power Map" on page 26.) Operation: (3) Astigmatism map Distribution of low order cylindrical refractive power. Ocular aberration is shown as cylindrical refractive power, and corneal aberration is shown as corneal astigmatic power. (4) Total HOA map Higher order aberration maps are displayed. (5) Third-order display Third-order aberrations of Zernike coefficient are displayed (Trefoil and Coma aberration). (6) Fourth-order display Fourth-order aberrations of Zernike coefficient are displayed (Tetrafoil, 2nd Astig. and Spherical aberration). (7) Ocular display Aberration of the whole eyeball obtained from the Hartmann image is displayed in 3rd and 4th-order. (8) Corneal display Aberration of the cornea surface obtained from the Mire image is displayed in 3rd and 4th-order. (9) Internal display Internal aberration (aberration of whole eyeball minus aberration of cornea) is displayed. 30 BASIC OPERATIONS Enlarged by double-clicking. (See "ENLARGEMENT DISPLAY" on page 46.) The map display step can be changed. (See "Total Aberration Map" on page 50.) Enlarged by double-clicking.

33 (10) Aberration RMS display RMS values (exception: diopter for astigmatism) and angles are displayed in analysis diameters (4mm and 6mm). For the direction of RMS of each order, see "DESCRIPTION ABOUT RMS DISPLAY OF CORNEAL ABERRATION" on page 42). (11) Mire Image (See "Mire Image" on page 26.) (12) Hartmann Image (See "Hartmann Image" on page 26.) Operation: Enlarged by double-clicking (see "ANALYZING THE REFRACTIVE WAVEFRONT MEASUREMENT IMAGE (HARTMANN IMAGE) AND CONFIRMING THE RESULT" on page 40). The overlay can be changed (see "ANALYZING THE REFRAC- TIVE WAVEFRONT MEASUREMENT IMAGE (HARTMANN IMAGE) AND CONFIRMING THE RESULT" on page 40). (13) Landolt's Ring Simulation (See "Landolt's Ring Simulation" on page 27.) (14) Wavefront Refraction Displays the spherical refractive power, cylindrical refractive power and astigmatic axial angle in analysis diameters of 4mm and 6mm. (15) Component Map button Changes the display to the component map. ZERNIKE VECTOR MAP This map displays important ocular higher order aberrations by components. (2) Ocular total aberration map (1) Hartmann image (3) Ocular HOA map (5) Landolt's ring simulation (8) Zernike Vector Map button (6) RMS of ocular aberration (7) REF data (4) HOA map (1) Hartmann image (See "Hartmann Image" on page 26.) Operation: Enlarged by double-clicking. (See "ANALYZING THE REFRAC- TIVE WAVEFRONT MEASUREMENT IMAGE (HARTMANN IMAGE) AND CONFIRMING THE RESULT" on page 40.) The overlay can be changed. (See "ANALYZING THE REFRAC- TIVE WAVEFRONT MEASUREMENT IMAGE (HARTMANN IMAGE) AND CONFIRMING THE RESULT" on page 40.) 31 BASIC OPERATIONS

34 (2) Ocular total aberration map(see "Ocular Total Aberration Map" on page 27.) Operation: Enlarged by double-clicking. (See "ENLARGEMENT DISPLAY" on page 46.) The map display step can be changed. (See "Total Aberration Map" on page 50.) (3) Ocular HOA map (See "Ocular High Order Aberration Map" on page 27.) Operation: Enlarged by double-clicking. (See "ENLARGEMENT DISPLAY" on page 46.) The map display step can be changed. (See "HIGH ORDER ABERRATION/ASTIGMA MAP" on page 51.) (4) HOA map Aberration of each component (3rd and 4th-order) is displayed. Operation: Enlarged by double-clicking. (See "ENLARGEMENT DISPLAY" on page 46.) The map display step can be changed. (See "HIGH ORDER ABERRATION/ASTIGMA MAP" on page 51.) (5) Landolt's ring simulation Landolt's ring simulation of each component (3rd and 4th-order) is displayed. Operation: (See "Landolt's Ring Simulation" on page 27.) (6) RMS of ocular aberration Displays ocular total aberration and HOA quantitatively (see "DESCRIPTION ABOUT RMS DISPLAY OF OCULAR ABERRA- TION" on page 41). (7) REF data REF measurement value is displayed. (8) Zernike Vector Map button Changes the display to the Zernike Vector map. 32 BASIC OPERATIONS

35 SUMMARY MAP This map displays higher order aberrations when multiple measurements are done (10 measurements max.) (5) Measurement Result (1) Ocular HOA map (7) Summary Map button (6) RMS Graph (2) Landolt's Ring Simulation (4) RMS Value (3) R-L Change button (1) Ocular HOA map (See "Ocular High Order Aberration Map" on page 27.) Operation: Enlarged by double-clicking. (See "ENLARGEMENT DISPLAY" on page 46.) The map display step can be changed (See "HIGH ORDER ABER- RATION/ASTIGMA MAP" on page 51.) (2) Landolt's Ring Simulation Displays the Landolt's ring simulation of each component for each measurement. (3) R-L Change button Results of the 1st measurement of the right eye and the 1st measurement of the left eye are displayed. (Unlike other maps, even when plural measurements are done, only the results of the 1st measurement of the right eye and the 1st measurement of the left eye are displayed.) By clicking on the display area of R, the display is changed to the Summary map of the right eye, and by clicking on the display area of L, the display is changed to the Summary map of the left eye. (4) RMS Value Displays the RMS value (total higher order aberration) of ocular higher order aberration of 4mm, 6 th order of each measurement data item. (5) Measurement Result Displays the RMS values (total aberration) of ocular higher order aberration of 4mm, 6 th order of the first and last measurement data. (6) RMS Graph (Total HOA Graph) Displays the RMS value (total higher order aberration) of ocular higher order aberration of 4mm, 6 th order of each measurement data item, a graph by way of a linear approximation formula using the least squares method, and its approximation formula and R 2. The Y-axis of the graph may be set to 0.1µm, 0.2µm, 0.5µm, 1.0µm, or 2.0µm increments with a right-click or from the General tab in the setting screen. (7) Summary Map button Changes the display to the Summary map. 33 BASIC OPERATIONS

36 IOL SELECTION MAP This map displays information useful for the application of IOL after LASIK operation, selection of K values, spherical IOL and aspheric IOL in determining the power, application of bifocal IOL, etc. (1) Mire image (2) Axial Power map (5) Astig (4mm) (6) SA display (7) Total HOA display (4) Hartmann image (3) Ocular total aberration map (12) IOL Selection Map button (8) Display of corneal Irregular Astigmatism (9) Display of Average K and Central K (10) Display of corneal spherical aberration (11) Display of corneal astigmatic power (1) Mire image (See "Mire Image" on page 26.) Operation: Enlarged by double-clicking. (See "ANALYZING THE REFRAC- TIVE WAVEFRONT MEASUREMENT IMAGE (HARTMANN IMAGE) AND CONFIRMING THE RESULT" on page 40.) When dragged in the right-left direction, the overlay can be changed. (See "ANALYZING THE REFRACTIVE WAVEFRONT MEASUREMENT IMAGE (HARTMANN IMAGE) AND CONFIRM- ING THE RESULT" on page 40.) (2) Axial Power map (See "Axial Power Map" on page 26.) Operation: Enlarged by double-clicking. (3) Ocular total aberration map (See "Ocular Total Aberration Map" on page 27.) Operation: Enlarged by double-clicking. (See "ENLARGEMENT DISPLAY" on page 46.) The map display step can be changed. (See "Total Aberration Map" on page 50.) (4) Hartmann image (See "Hartmann Image" on page 26.) Operation: Enlarged by double-clicking. (See "ANALYZING THE REFRAC- TIVE WAVEFRONT MEASUREMENT IMAGE (HARTMANN IMAGE) AND CONFIRMING THE RESULT" on page 40.) When dragged in the right-left direction, the overlay can be changed. (See "ANALYZING THE REFRACTIVE WAVEFRONT MEASUREMENT IMAGE (HARTMANN IMAGE) AND CONFIRM- ING THE RESULT" on page 40.) 34 BASIC OPERATIONS

37 (5) Astig (Cylindrical refractive power) (4mm) Map of cylindrical refractive power when the analysis diameter of 4mm is displayed. From the top: corneal aberration, ocular aberration and internal aberration. (6) SA display (Spherical aberration) Map of spherical aberration when the analysis diameter of 6mm is displayed. From the top: corneal aberration, ocular aberration and internal aberration. (7) Total HOA display Map of high order aberration when the analysis diameter of 4mm is displayed. From the top: corneal aberration, ocular aberration and internal aberration. (8) Display of Corneal Irregular Astigmatism Corneal higher order aberration is displayed. When the corneal high order aberration shows an abnormal value, the corrected visual acuity may not be satisfactory even after applying IOL: This information may be valuable for patient treatment. (9) Display of Average K and Central K The Sim-K value (Average K) with an analysis diameter of 3mm, the Kerato value (Central K) with an analysis diameter of 1mm, and the difference are displayed: If the difference of Average K and Central K is large, possibility of the eye is high after a LASIK operation, and this value may be used as information for making a decision. Operation: Enlarged by double-clicking. (10) Display of corneal spherical aberration The value of corneal spherical aberration may be used as information for making a decision in applying an aspheric IOL or a spherical IOL. Operation: Enlarged by double-clicking. (11) Display of corneal astigmatic power The value of corneal astigmatic power may be used as information for making a decision in applying a bifocal IOL. The operation image can be enlarged. Operation: Enlarged by double-clicking. (12) IOL Selection Map button Changes the display to the IOL Selection map. For steps (8) to (11), the blue-colored characters of result display values can be changed be setting. See "IOL SELECTION MAP DISPLAY" on page BASIC OPERATIONS

38 PSF/MTF MAP The PSF/MTF map can be displayed. (2) Ocular total aberration map (1) Hartmann image (3) Ocular HOA map (5) Landolt's ring simulation (6) PSF/MTF Map button (4) Wave-front/ PSF image, MTF image and graph (1) Hartmann image (See "Hartmann Image" on page 26.) Operation: Enlarged by double-clicking. (See "ANALYZING THE REFRAC- TIVE WAVEFRONT MEASUREMENT IMAGE (HARTMANN IMAGE) AND CONFIRMING THE RESULT" on page 40.) The overlay can be changed. (See "ANALYZING THE REFRAC- TIVE WAVEFRONT MEASUREMENT IMAGE (HARTMANN IMAGE) AND CONFIRMING THE RESULT" on page 40.) (2) Ocular total aberration map (See "Ocular Total Aberration Map" on page 27.) Operation: Enlarged by double-clicking. (See "ENLARGEMENT DISPLAY" on page 46.) The map display step can be changed. (See "Total Aberration Map" on page 50.) (3) Ocular HOA map (See "Ocular High Order Aberration Map" on page 27.) Operation: Enlarged by double-clicking. (See "ENLARGEMENT DISPLAY" on page 46.) The map display step can be changed. (See "HIGH ORDER ABERRATION/ASTIGMA MAP" on page 51.) (4) Wave-front/PSF image, MTF image and graph Image formation of light on the retina is displayed. (See "REFER- ENCE: PSF, MTF" on page 45.) Operation: Enlarged by double-clicking. (5) Landolt's ring simulation (See "Landolt's Ring Simulation" on page 27.) Operation: Enlarged by double-clicking. The direction of Landolt's ring can be changed. (See "LANDOLT'S RING SIMULATION" on page 51.) (6) PSF/MTF Map button Changes the display to the PSF/MTF map. 36 BASIC OPERATIONS

39 PUPILLOMETRY MAP Use the KR-1W Viewer to open the data measured in the pupillometry mode. This automatically displays the pupillometry map. (1) Mire Image at Scotopic (3) Ocular HOA Map at Scotopic (4) Ocular HOA Map at Photopic (2) Measurement Result (5) Scotopic data index (6) Photopic data index (1) Mire Image at Scotopic Displays the Mire image of the selected scotopic data. Displays the angle circle and pupil detection overlay depending on the setting. Overlay setting of the pupillometry map is available with a right click or from the Overlay tab in the setting screen. The pupil detection overlay displays the pupil of the selected scotopic data in yellow and the selected photopic data in green. (2) Measurement Result Displays the selected scotopic and photopic data. Pupil Center Shift displays the amount of shift, in distance and angle, of the photopic pupil center from the scotopic pupil center. Wavefront Refraction displays the SCA calculated from wavefront aberration of pupil diameter, 6 th order. (3) Ocular HOA Map at Scotopic Displays the Ocular HOA (Ocular higher order aberration) map of the selected scotopic data. Displays the SCA/RMS values of 4mm, 4 th order and pupil diameter, 6 th order (total higher order aberration, S3, S4). Displays the Landolt ring simulation of ocular higher order aberration (simulation result at pupil diameter, 4 th order. However, when the pupil diameter is larger than 4mm, 4mm-4th order is displayed.). (4) Ocular HOA Map at Photopic Displays the Ocular HOA (ocular higher order aberration) map of the selected photopic data. Displays the SCA/RMS values of 4mm, 4 th order and pupil diameter, 6 th order (total higher order aberration, S3, S4). Displays the Landolt ring simulation of ocular higher order aberration (simulation result at pupil diameter, 4 th order. However, when the pupil diameter is larger than 4mm, 4mm-4 th order is displayed.). 37 BASIC OPERATIONS

40 (5) Scotopic data index Provides a thumbnail display of a list of scotopic data. A click on the currently displayed data or other data moves the yellow cursor to display the selected data. The data with the largest pupil diameter in the scotopic data is enclosed with dished lines while not being selected. Indicates that the data is selected. Indicates the largest pupil diameter. (6) Photopic data index Provides a thumbnail display of a list of photopic data. A click on the currently displayed data or other data moves the green cursor to display the selected data. The data with the smallest pupil diameter in the photopic data is enclosed with dished lines while not being selected. Indicates that the data is selected. Indicates the smallest pupil diameter. Landolt's ring simulation deals with pupil diameters up to 4mm as the analysis range. Even when the pupil diameter is 5mm or more, the maximum analysis area is 4mm. For the Mire image, the pupil overlay is not displayed when the setting is OFF. Using overlay tab of settings window, pupil overlay may be switched ON/OFF. (See "Overlay" page 49.) 38 BASIC OPERATIONS

41 ANALYZING THE CORNEAL MEASUREMENT IMAGE (MIRE IMAGE) AND CONFIRMING THE RESULT Analyze the corneal measurement image (Mire image) and confirm the result. On the following screen, confirm the condition of ring and pupil detection. CAUTION Confirm the analysis results. Analysis using an incorrect detection result may lead to a false measurement result. There are 19 rings in all. Since the rings are colored and overlaid, it is possible to confirm the condition of detection. Rings are colored in red, green and blue starting from the inside and moving out, so that, the outermost ring is colored in red. The following manual functions are prepared to assist detection and editing: Remove Points Remove Ring Specify Center New Ring Expand Ring Remove Pupil Points Add Pupil Points Back to Original Image Enhance Load Original... Removes the incorrectly detected ring partially.... Removes the ring touch-specified by the cursor.... Specifies the ring center.... Enter manually the rings which were not detected and make these recognized (Ring #0 ~ 18).... Extends rings from the detected ring data.... Removes the frame of the detected pupil.... Enter manually the pupil frame. (Specifying 5 points or more approximates an ellipse.)... Returns to the initial condition of ring detection.... Highlights the image.... Returns to the original image. 39 BASIC OPERATIONS

42 OK Cancel... After confirming or editing the analysis result, press the OK button.... To interrupt the analysis, press the Cancel button. Even when errors such as "Center Detection Error" and "Get Ring Center Error" are displayed, you can go to the refractive wavefront measurement by pressing the OK button. ANALYZING THE REFRACTIVE WAVEFRONT MEASUREMENT IMAGE (HARTMANN IMAGE) AND CONFIRMING THE RESULT Analyze the Hartmann image and confirm the results. On the following screen, confirm the detection condition of the point image and correspondence. CAUTION Confirm the analysis results. Analysis using an incorrect detection result may lead to a false measurement result. During confirmation of the Hartmann image, be sure to look for noise that may be mistaken for detection points, skipped points, etc. Following manual functions are prepared to assist detection and editing: Remove Points Overlay Back to Original OK... Removes the incorrectly detected point and noise.... Points and grids are overlay-displayed.... Returns to the initial condition of detection.... After confirming or editing the analysis result, press the OK button. Cancel... To interrupt the analysis, press the Cancel button. 40 BASIC OPERATIONS

43 DISPLAYING THE MEASUREMENT RESULT ANALYSIS CENTER In the analysis result, data analyzed with the detected pupil center as the analysis center is displayed. If the pupil is not detected, the pupil diameter is not displayed. In this case, data will be obtained by analyzing with the mechanical center (the main body's alignment sight) as the analysis center is displayed. The wavefront analysis center shows deviation from the mechanical center analyzed with the pupil center, using center displacement. DESCRIPTION ABOUT RMS DISPLAY OF OCULAR ABERRATION RMS display quantitatively shows higher order aberrations. The table shows RMS values by summarizing coefficients for each order. Diameter S3 S4 S5 S6 S3+S5 S4+S6 Total Sph Cyl Axs (1) 4.00mm 3rd-order RMS (2) 6.00mm 3rd-order RMS (3) (7.00mm) 3rd-order RMS 4th-order RMS 4th-order RMS 4th-order RMS 5th-order RMS 6th-order RMS 3rd+5thorder RMS 4th+6thorder RMS Total higherorder aberration RMS Total higherorder aberration RMS Total higherorder aberration RMS S C A S C A S C A (1) Analysis results in 4mm analysis zone are displayed (up to 4th order). (2) Analysis results in 6mm analysis zone are displayed (up to 6th order). (3) (Green frame) Analysis results with the measured pupil diameter or the specified analysis diameter are displayed (default: pupil diameter). For example, 3rd-order coefficients represent asymmetrical aberration, and the 3rd-order RMS value that puts it in order represents coma aberration. 4th-order coefficients represent symmetrical aberration, and the 4th-order RMS value represents spherical aberration. The 5th-order RMS value represents higher order coma aberration, and the 6th-order RMS value represents high order spherical aberration. The 3rd+5th-order RMS value further puts coma aberration of 3rd order and 5th order in order. The 4th+6th RMS value further puts spherical aberration of 4th order and 6th order in order. And, the total high order aberration summarizes higher order aberration from 3rd order to 6th order. Sph, Cyl and Axs are the visual acuity corrected by eyeglasses and calculated from the analysis of low order aberration. (Ocular wavefront aberration only) 41 DISPLAYING THE MEASUREMENT RESULT

44 When the diameter 4 mm is shown in parentheses, it indicates that the measured pupil diameter was less than 4 mm. When the diameter 6 mm is shown in parentheses, it indicates that the measured pupil diameter was less than 6 mm. RMS display (3) (analysis result column with specified diameter) is displayed only for KR-1W data. This column is not displayed for KR-9000PW data (instead, the table is formed with 3 columns of the title, 4mm and 6mm. DESCRIPTION ABOUT RMS DISPLAY OF CORNEAL ABERRATION The table below is displayed in the corneal aberration map. RMS display quantitatively shows higher order aberrations. The table shows RMS values by summarizing coefficients for each order. Diameter S3 S4 S5 S6 S3+S5 S4+S6 Total (1) 4.00mm (2) 6.00mm (3) (7.00mm) 3rd-order RMS 3rd-order RMS 3rd-order RMS 4th-order RMS 4th-order RMS 4th-order RMS 5th-order RMS 6th-order RMS 3rd+5th-order RMS 4th+6th-order RMS Total higher-order aberration RMS Total higher-order aberration RMS Total higher-order aberration RMS (1) Analysis results in 4mm analysis zone are displayed (up to 4th order). (2) Analysis results in 6mm analysis zone are displayed (up to 6th order). (3) (Green frame) Analysis results with the obtained pupil diameter, or the specified pupil diameter, are displayed. (Default: pupil diameter) For example, 3rd-order coefficients represent asymmetrical aberration, and the 3rd-order RMS value that puts it in order represents coma aberration. 4th-order coefficients represent symmetrical aberration, and the 4th-order RMS value represents spherical aberration. The 5th-order RMS value represents higher order coma aberration, and the 6th-order RMS value represents high order spherical aberration. The 3rd+5th-order RMS value further puts coma aberration of 3rd order and 5th order in order. The 4th+6th RMS value further puts spherical aberration of 4th order and 6th order in order. And, the total high order aberration summarizes higher order aberration from 3rd order to 6th order. RMS display (3) (analysis result column with specified diameter) is displayed only for KR-1W data. This column is not displayed for KR-9000PW data (instead, the table is formed with 3 columns of the title, 4mm and 6mm. 42 DISPLAYING THE MEASUREMENT RESULT

45 (REFERENCE) WAVEFRONT AND ZERNIKE COEFFICIENTS Zernike coefficients, meaning and classification are shown below. m Z n -2 Z 2 0 Z 2 2 Z 2-3 Z 3-1 Z 3 1 Z 3 3 Z 3-4 Z 4-2 Z 4 0 Z 4 2 Z 4 4 Z 4-5 Z 5-3 Z 5-1 Z 5 1 Z 5 3 Z 5 5 Z 5-6 Z 6-4 Z 6-2 Z 6 0 Z 6 2 Z 6 4 Z 6 6 Z 6 Coefficient n m Z Meaning/Classification C r 2 sin2ϕ 2 nd order Astigmatism C r 2-1 Defocus C r 2 cos2ϕ 2 nd order Astigmatism C r 3 sin3ϕ 3 rd Trefoil C (3r 3-2r) sinϕ Coma Y C (3r 3-2r) cosϕ Coma X C r 3 cos3ϕ 3 rd Trefoil C r 4 sin4ϕ C (4r 4-3r 2 ) sin2ϕ 4 th Order Astigmatism C r 4-6r Spherical aberration C (4r 4-3r 2 ) cos2ϕ 4 th Order Astigmatism C r 4 cos4ϕ C r 5 sin5ϕ C (5r 5-4r 3 ) sin3ϕ 5 th Order Trefoil C (10r 5-12r 3 + 3r) sinϕ 5 th Order Coma Y C (10r 5-12r 3 + 3r) cosϕ 5 th Order Coma X C (5r 5-4r 3 ) cos3ϕ 5 th Order Trefoil C r 5 cos5ϕ C r 6 sin6ϕ C (6r 6-5r 4 ) sin4ϕ C (15r 6-20r 4 + 6r 2 ) sin2ϕ 6 th Order Astigmatism C r 6-30r r th Order Spherical aberration C (15r 6-20r 4 + 6r 2 ) cos2ϕ 6 th Order Astigmatism C (6r 6-5r 4 ) cos4ϕ C r 6 cos6ϕ Table. 1: Zernike Terms Up to 6 th Order 43 DISPLAYING THE MEASUREMENT RESULT

46 SHAPE OF ABERRATION Map shapes as aberration of each coefficient are shown. Z1-1 Z1- Z11 Z2-2 Z20 Z22 Z Higher order aberration Coma aberration Z3-3 Z3- Z3-1 Z3-1 Z31 Z31 Z33 Z33 Z4-4 Z4-2 Z40 Z42 Z44 Spherical aberration 44 DISPLAYING THE MEASUREMENT RESULT

47 REFERENCE PSF (Point Spread Function) PSF is defined as the power distribution of a point image, and in this simulation it shows a focused image of light on the retina. Ideally, the image is focused on one point, but actually due to aberrations in the optical system of the eye, including diffraction, it is not focused on one point and observed with extension, even using an ideal lens. The Strehl ratio is defined as the ratio of the central power of the ideal lens and the central power of the working PSF. Therefore, optically the Strehl ratio is the best when it is 1.0. MTF (Modulation Transfer Function) MTF shows the characteristics of the space frequency of an optical system, and in calculation it can be obtained with the Fourier conversion of PSF. An MTF image has black and white stripes in a certain direction and is used to determine the degree of scale reduction by which the stripes are still clearly visible. Accordingly, it can be observed well when the space frequency is low and the contrast is clear and becomes less observable as the space frequency rises. Normally, as shown on the left, the space frequency characteristics of only X and Y directions are drawn, but here it is displayed for all of the 180-degree directions. So, origin-symmetrically same values are displayed : X : Y : Ideal Contrast Space frequency [cycles/degree] Landolt Simulations As a way of simulating the retinal image viewed by the eye, there is a method to see how the image looks on the retina, and the simulation can be considered as convolution integration of the power (PSF) of the point image and the viewed image. Here convolution integration of the PSF on the retina and Landolt's rings with the supposed size on the retina is done. As the image is focused reversely with regard to top/bottom and right/left when viewed by the eye, the simulation display shows extension by PSF symmetrically with regard to top/bottom and right/left. 45 DISPLAYING THE MEASUREMENT RESULT

48 ENLARGEMENT DISPLAY Each map/image can be enlarged by double-clicking on the map. To return to the original screen, double-click the map again. Setting change, etc.: By right-clicking on each map, a context menu related to the map is displayed, to allow setting changes. EXAMPLE: OCULAR TOTAL (OCULAR TOTAL ABERRATION) The following items are displayed at the top left of the screen: Coordinate values (distance and angular direction from the center) EXAMPLE: HOA (OCULAR HIGH ORDER ABERRATION) The following items are displayed at the top left of the screen: Coordinate values (distance and angular direction from the center) 46 DISPLAYING THE MEASUREMENT RESULT

49 VARIOUS SETTINGS OF MAP DISPLAY Various settings of each map can be done from the setting window. 1 Click on the Setting button. Setting button 2 The setting window is opened. 47 VARIOUS SETTINGS OF MAP DISPLAY

50 General Using the General tab of the setting window, the following settings related to map display may be configured: Change D/mm...Display style of KRT measurement values can be selected from D (corneal refractive power) and mm (corneal curvature radius). HV/R1R2...Display style of KRT measurement values can be selected from HV (horizontal/vertical) or R1R2 (flat/steep meridian). The data measured with KR-9000PW is always displayed by the HV. Step...Display step of spherical refractive power, corneal refractive power/cylindrical refractive power, corneal astigmatic power/astigmatic axis and corneal astigmatic axis can be selected. Cyl Sign...Display style of astigmatic axis can be selected from "+," "-" and "MIX." VD...In vertex distance setting, contact lens (0mm) or eyeglass lens (12mm or 13.75mm) can be selected. Zernike PD...Zernike analysis diameter can be set. Zernike Coefficient...Zernike analysis order can be set. Summary map graph scale...sets maximum scale value of Y-axis at Total HOA graph displayed on summary map. 48 VARIOUS SETTINGS OF MAP DISPLAY

51 Overlay Using the Overlay tab, the overlay display can be set. Select the overlay to be displayed. TopoMap Using the TopoMap tab, the following TopoMap settings may be configured: Scale Type...Display unit can be selected from D and mm. Map Scale...TopoMap scale can be selected from Adjustable, Normalized and Absolute. Overlay...The overlay to be displayed can be selected. Kerato Axis...Kerato axis can be selected from "None" and "Sim-K Axis." Smoothing...The performing of the smoothing function can be selected. (See page 50.) 49 VARIOUS SETTINGS OF MAP DISPLAY

52 Smoothing The Topography map smoothing feature changes the map information generation algorithms of Axial Power map or Instantaneous Power map and perform analysis. Smoothing ON/OFF may be switched by turning ON/OFF the check box from the Topography Map tab in the setting screen. Example) Smoothing OFF Smoothing ON Total Aberration Map Using the Total Aberration Map tab, the following settings may be configured in the Total Aberration map: Range...Display step can be selected. Overlay...The overlay to be displayed can be selected from cross scale, angle scale and mm grid scale. 50 VARIOUS SETTINGS OF MAP DISPLAY

53 HIGH ORDER ABERRATION/ASTIGMA MAP Using the HOA, Astig. Map tab, the following Total Aberration map settings may be configured: Range...Display step can be selected. Overlay...The overlay to be displayed can be selected from cross scale, angle scale and mm grid scale. LANDOLT'S RING SIMULATION Using the Landolt Sim. tab, the following settings may be configured in the Landolt's Ring Simulation: Optotype of Landolt's ring...the vision of simulation display can be selected. Landolt Direction...The direction of Landolt's ring can be selected. Normalize destiny of simulations...to normalize destiny of simulations or not can be selected. 51 VARIOUS SETTINGS OF MAP DISPLAY

54 IOL SELECTION MAP DISPLAY Using the IOL Selection tab, the character color of result values of the IOL Selection map can be set/changed. Threshold setting area Color setting area Threshold input box Color setting button In the threshold setting area, threshold values for changing the character color of display items are set. In the color setting area, the display color of each item is selected. Setting the Threshold Value Bring the cursor to the threshold input box to be set, and enter the number by the ten-key display. By the threshold values set to Corneal Irregular Astig. 1 and Corneal Irregular Astig. 2, character colors can be set as follows: Character color when the measurement value is Corneal Irregular Astig. 1 or under. Character color when the measurement value is more than Corneal Irregular Astig. 1 and Corneal Irregular Astig. 2 or under. Character color when the measurement value is more than Corneal Irregular Astig. 2. By the threshold value set to K Readings delta K, character colors can be set as follows: Character colors of delta K and Average K when the value of delta K is within the set value range (± range) Character colors of delta K and Central K when the value of delta K is outside the set value range (± range) By the threshold value set to Corneal SA, the character color can be set as follows: Character color when the measurement value is less than the set value By the threshold value set to Corneal Astig, character colors can be set as follows: Character color when the measurement value is within the set value range (± range) Character color when the measurement value is outside the set value range (± range) Setting the Color The color can be set by clicking the Color Setting button. 52 VARIOUS SETTINGS OF MAP DISPLAY

55 BACKUP For data backup, archive and backup functions are available. To register the scheduled task, it is necessary to previously set a password to the log-on account of the connected PC. Set the password in the user account via the control panel. ARCHIVE FUNCTION Saved images are copied to the archive and reference image areas. Using the task function in Windows, it is possible to automatically start archive function at the specified time and date. REGISTERING THE ARCHIVE FUNCTION TO SCHEDULED TASK By registering the archive function to the task function in Windows, the archive function can be activated automatically at the specified time and date. Setting for executing the archive function 1 Select control panel task add the scheduled task. 2 Start the task wizard. 3 Click the "Next." 4 Click "Reference (R)..." 5 Select IMAGEnet Archiver.EXE from C:\Program Files \TOPCON\Archive Tools. 6 Select the period for applying the archive function. 7 Select the execution time. 8 Set the starting date to today's date. 9 Click "Next." 10 Enter the user name and the password. 11 Click "Next." 12 Check "Open detail property (A)" and click on "Finish." The property of IMAGEnet Archiver is opened. 13 Select the file name (R) to be executed, enter "C:\Program Files\TOPCON\Archive Tools\IMAGEnetArchiver.exe" -N WF01, and click on the "OK" button. 14 The setting dialog of account information is displayed. Enter the account name (user name) to be executed and the password. 53 BACKUP

56 BACKUP FUNCTION Data copied to the archive area are also copied to the temporary work area. The copied data can be written to a CD/DVD, using the CD/DVD writing software. After writing, data of the CD/DVD are compared with the data of the temporary work area. If they are the same, the archive area and the temporary work area are emptied. SETTING THE BACKUP FUNCTION From the desktop, activate "Start"-"All Programs"-"TOPCON"-"Archive Tools"-"Archive Configuration" and set necessary items. Database connection: Settings related to database end for backup. Ex. Database setting Server Database User authentication WF01 (local)\sqlexpress WF01 Windows Image backup support tool: Settings related to CD/DVD writing operation. Ex. Workplace Backup end Writing software C:\TempFolder Setting of CD/DVD drive path C:\Program Files\TOPCON\Archive Tools\DVDWriter.exe Image archive: Settings related to archive end. Ex. Archive preparation end C:\KR-1W\Archive\Arc Reference data preparation end C:\KR-1W\Archive\Ref Image storage format JPEG Archive size DVD-R (4.7GB) Name of database setting Database setting WF01 Server (local)\sqlexpress Database WF01 User authentication Windows After setting, click on the "SAVE" button and quit. 54 BACKUP

57 OPERATING THE BACKUP FUNCTION 1 Prepare a blank CD-R or DVD-R and insert it to the CD/DVD drive. 2 From the desktop, activate "Start"-"All Programs"-"TOPCON"-"Archive Tools"-"Backup Manager". 3 Select the data to be backed up to the CD/DVD from the archive list, and click on the "Run" button. The selected data are copied to the temporary work area. Write the data copied to the temporary work area to the CD/DVD. At this time, if the DVDWriter is set as the writing software, it starts automatically. When using the DVDWriter, set the CD/DVD drive to the "Drive" of "CD/DVD Setting", and click on the "Start" button. 4 When CD/DVD writing is finished, with the CD/DVD inserted to the drive, press "OK". The temporary work area is compared with the CD/DVD, and if not any difference is found, the backup function is quitted. If any difference is found, the error message is displayed. Prepare the CD/DVD again. 55 BACKUP

58 PRINT SETTING Configure output print settings for an external printer. (output layout, etc.) SETTING THE PRINT STYLE The print layout can be set. 1 Select "File" at the top of the window, and select "Print layouts setting..." from the displayed pull down menu. 2 The Print settings window is displayed. Page layout Number of pages Page 1 Margin Orientation Page 2 ~ Page 4 3 In the area labeled "Margin," set space for the right, left, top and bottom. 4 In the area labeled "Orientation," select "Portrait" or "Landscape." When "Portrait" is selected, two analysis result maps can be placed by separating the print layout into the upper and lower stages. When "Landscape" is selected, one analysis result map is printed at the center. 56 PRINT SETTING

59 5 For the "Number of pages," select the number of printed pages. Printing can be set from 1 page to 4 pages. When "Portrait" was selected for "Orientation" (two analysis result maps can be arranged to the upper and lower stages), maps to be placed to the upper and lower stages can be selected. When "1 page" is selected, "Page 1" (displayed below) can be set, and when "2 pages" is selected, "Page 1" and "Page 2" can be set. When "3 pages" and "4 pages" are selected, pages can be set in like manner. 6 In the area labeled "Page 1," set layout for the 1st page. When "Default" is selected, a multi map on the upper stage and a component map on the lower stage are placed in the layout. When "Custom" is selected, analysis result maps can be selected freely for the upper and lower stages. 7 When printing 2 pages and more, select the layout of "Page 2 ~ Page 4." In this case, analysis result maps can be selected freely for the upper and lower stages. 8 Settings are saved by pressing the OK button. To interrupt setting, press the button. Cancel PRINT PREVIEW The print layout set by print preview can be confirmed. 1 Click the Print Preview button. The Print Preview screen is displayed. The following example is a case of "Default" setting, with a multi map on the upper stage and a component map on the lower stage. Print Preview button 57 PRINT SETTING