I SEE/I THINK/I WONDER

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1 I SEE/I THINK/I WONDER [GRADES 9 12 APPENDIX A] NAME: DATE: I SEE: I THINK: I WONDER:

2 THE LIFE OF PICASSO [GRADES 9 12 APPENDIX B] Painting is just another way of keeping a diary. Pablo Picasso With an artistic career spanning eight decades, it is no surprise that Picasso has become one of the most!"#$%"&!'()'"*)+%((,-".+")'/&!0&0).1)2!0)&!3%4)52!(%)6!7'00.80)'/&)9'/!%*)+!*%(:)!")0&:(%).9%/)&2%):%'/0;)!&)+'0) always directly linked to the people, places, and current events in his life. Frequently his styles are broken *.+")!"&.)*!0&!"7&)<%/!.*04)=%(.+):.$)+!(()>"*)')?/!%1)?!.@/'<2:).1)&2%)'/&!0&;)02.+!"@)A$0&)2.+)3$72)2!0) environment and private life affected his artistic output. This rough outline highlights shifts in his artistic style. Yet, as you will see in the exhibition, he never completely abandoned any mode of expression, using many styles throughout his life.!" Pablo Picasso was born October 25, 1881, in Malaga, Spain.!" His father was an academic painter and an art professor in Barcelona.!" Picasso studied at a young age to paint in the academic tradition of using great technical skill to mimic reality BLUE PERIOD ( )!" In 1900, at age 19, Picasso attended the World s Fair in Paris. He would move back and forth between Spain and Paris until 1904, when he moved to Paris permanently.!"!"#$%&'#$(#)*+,$)#-&&.$/#0-1$-23#)$3"#$4'*5*,#$+2$"*4$ close friend and fellow artist Carles Casagemas in 1901.!" Picasso s canvases lacked bright colors and had a palette of mostly blues.!" He depicted marginalized people and outcasts of society, such as beggars and prostitutes.!" Paintings had a very somber mood. ROSE PERIOD ( )!" Picasso spent a summer in Gósol, a Catalan village, 6"*5"$6-4$)#7#53#,$*1$4+8#$+2$3"#$-)3$+2$3"#$3*8#9$ A village dominated by red hues, this may be where Picasso found inspiration for his palette.!" Picasso lived up the street from the Medrano Circus, which served as inspiration for his subject matter.!" Picasso s canvases used a palette of mostly pinks and oranges.!" Picasso painted street performers and other marginalized people, such as circus entertainers, acrobats, clowns, and harlequins!" Picasso fell in love with Fernande Olivier in She 6-4$3"#$:)43$0)#-3$&+;#$+2$"*4$&*2#$-1,$4"#$+23#1$-<<#-)4$*1$ work created during their seven-year affair, which ended in September 1911.

3 THE LIFE OF PICASSO [GRADES 9 12 APPENDIX B] AFRICAN ART INFLUENCE/CUBIST PERIOD ( )!" In 1907 Picasso visited the Ethographic Museum of the!)+5-,=)+>$(-)*4>$6"#)#$"#$,*45+;#)#,$3"#$-)3$+2$?2)*5-$ -1,$@5#-1*-9$A#$*4$"#-;*&.$*17'#15#,$/.$6"-3$"#$4##49!" Picasso began to collect African art.!" From , especially from , Picasso worked closely with fellow artist Braque to create Cubism.!" Braque and Picasso played off one another s ideas, each *17'#15*10$3"#$+3"#)$3+$3-B#$3"#$43.&#$3+$1#6$<&-5#49$!" Picasso fell in love with Eva Gouel and planned to marry her; however, she became ill and died in Picasso incorporated her name into his Cubist works.!" Picasso began to incorporate African sculpture into his -)3>$4<#5*:5-&&.$8-4B49$C-5#4$/#5-8#$7-33#)$-1,$2-5*-&$ features more geometric.!" From , especially from , Picasso worked closely with fellow artist Georges Braque to 5)#-3#$-$1#6$43.&#$5-&&#,$D'/*489$!"*4$43.&#$5"-&&#10#,$ traditional representations of objects in space.!" Cubism breaks objects down and reassembles them from numerous points of view through space and time. If you were to take a picture of something from different viewpoints (top, bottom, side, etc.) and combine the views into one image, it would be Cubist.!" Picasso and Braque stopped signing their works at this time because they liked the idea that their works were indistinguishable.!"!"#$-)3*434$-&4+$'4#,$1#6$8-3#)*-&4$*1$3"#*)$-)3$3+$5)#-3#$ collages and assemblages. NEOCLASSICISM AND LIFE WITH OLGA ( )!" In 1917, Picasso designed the set for a new ballet, Parade. He fell in love with one of the ballerinas, Olga Khokhlova, and married her the following year.!"!+0#3"#)>$3"#.$8+;#,$*13+$-$1*5#$-<-)38#13$-1,$/#0*1$ to live a bourgeois, middle-class lifestyle, very different from the life Picasso had been living before this. It was a much more stable, conservative lifestyle for him.!" In 1921, Olga and Picasso had their only child, Paulo (Paul).!" In 1917 Picasso designed the set for a new ballet, Parade.!" After marrying Olga Khokhlova, Picasso moves to a much more conservative style than Cubism, E#+5&-44*5*48>$*17'#15#,$/.$-)3*434$4'5"$-4$F10)#49$!" Neoclassicism was a more traditional art style that looked to classical Western art, such as that of the ancient Greek and Romans.!" Picasso began to incorporate both his son and wife into his work.

4 THE LIFE OF PICASSO [GRADES 9 12 APPENDIX B] SURREALISM AND MARIE-THÉRÈSE WALTER ( )!" (*5-44+G4$8-))*-0#$/#0-1$3+$5)'8/&#9$A#$2#&3$,*44-3*4:#,$ with the lifestyle Olga desired, longing for the freer life he once had.!" Picasso s friend the poet Guillaume Apollinaire died in 1918, and Picasso created different designs for a monument.!" F1$HIJK$(*5-44+$8#3$L-)*#M!"=)N4#$O-&3#)$6"#1$4"#$ 6-4$HK$-1,$"#$6-4$PQ9$!"#.$/#0-1$-$,#5-,#M&+10$-22-*)>$ which they kept hidden for many years due to her youth and Picasso s marriage.!" F1$HIJR>$(*5-44+$4#5)#3&.$/)+'0"3$L-)*#M!"=)N4#$+1$"*4$ family vacation.!"!"#.$5+'&,$1+$&+10#)$"*,#$3"#*)$)#&-3*+14"*<$6"#1$l-)*#m!"=)n4#$/#5-8#$<)#01-13$6*3"$(*5-44+g4$4#5+1,$5"*&,>$ Maya, in 1935.!" Picasso worked with Julio González, a wire sculptor, to create sculptures that appear two-dimensional in threedimensional forms.!" Picasso s art took another stylistic shift that was heavily *17'#15#,$/.$3"#$S'))#-&*4349$!" Surrealists were interested in depicting dreams and the subconscious mind.!" L-)*#M!"=)N4#$+23#1$-<<#-)#,$*1$,*22#)#13$0'*4#4$*1$ Picasso s art.!" During the summer of 1928 Picasso created many images of bathers and beach scenes.!" A#$5)#-3#,$8-1.$*8-0#4$+2$L-)*#M!"=)N4#$O-&3#)$ reading or sleeping, always with her blonde hair.!" (*5-44+$<-*13#,$L-)*#M!"=)N4#$6*3"$<-43#&$5+&+)4$-1,$ curved lines.!"!"#$-)3*43$-3$"*4$#-4#&$/#5-8#$-$)#5'))*10$3"#8#9!" F17'#15#,$/.$3"#$S'))#-&*434>$(*5-44+$/#0-1$3+$8-B#$ found-object sculptures with the help of Julio González. THE WAR YEARS ( )!" In 1935 Picasso was introduced to Surrealist artist Dora L--)9$!"#.$/#0-1$-1$-22-*)9$T+)-$-1,$L-)*#M!"=)N4#$ quickly became aware of one another s existence in Picasso s life.!" Dora Maar was associated with a left wing political <-)3.$-1,$6-4$;#).$<+&*3*5-&&.$*1;+&;#,9$!"*4$*17'#15#$ encouraged Picasso to become more politically active himself.!" On April 26, 1937, amid the Spanish Civil War ( ), the Basque village of Guernica was bombed.!" Picasso was exiled from Spain during this time due to his political condemnation of Francisco Franco, the dictator of Spain.!" Picasso depicted Dora Maar much differently than he,*,$l-)*#m!"=)n4#9$l--)$*4$4"+61$6*3"$4"-)<$-10&#4>$ acidic colors, and red nails.!" O*3"$3"#$/+8/*10$+2$U'#)1*5->$(*5-44+$5)#-3#,$"*4$:)43$ overtly political work, Guernica, for the 1937 World s Fair in Paris.!" As a result of wartime, Picasso s work became more politically driven psychologically darker.!" Picasso painted many Weeping Women who are "#-;*&.$*17'#15#,$/.$T+)-$L--)9!" World War II dominated European events from

5 THE LIFE OF PICASSO [GRADES 9 12 APPENDIX B] PICASSO S FINAL YEARS ( )!" Picasso met Françoise Gilot in 1943 and had two children with her Claude in 1947 and Paloma in 1949.!" After World War II, Picasso lived in the South of France, buying many homes, including La Californie, Cannes, which appears in many of his paintings.!" Françoise left Picasso in 1953.!" Picasso met Jacqueline Roque in 1952, and the two remained together until the end of the artist s life.!" V*2#&+10$2)*#1,$-1,$-)3*43*5$*17'#15#$-1,$)*;-&$A#1)*$ Matisse died in November 1954, affecting Picasso greatly.!" Picasso had not returned to Spain since 1930 and perhaps longed for his homeland.!"!"#$/*)3"4$+2$(*5-44+g4$5"*&,)#1$-1,$"*4$1#6$)#&-3*+14"*<4$ with women brought a playfulness back to his art that had been missing during the war years.!" He introduced new characters to his work, such as 8'4B#3##)4>$-1,$6-4$*17'#15#,$/.$3"#$0)#-3$8-43#)4$ such as Rembrandt van Rijn, Francisco de Goya, and Diego Velázquez.!" Picasso painted variations of many works by great 8-43#)4$4'5"$-4$W#&XYZ'#Y>$[,+'-),$L-1#3>$-1,$\'0N1#$ Delacroix.!" During his eighties, Picasso painted obsessively, producing an astonishing quantity of works. He creates hundreds of paintings, drawings, and etchings in his last years.!" Picasso died April 8, 1973 and is buried at the chateau of Vauvenarges.

6 IMAGE FACT SHEETS [GRADES 9 12 APPENDIX C] Woman with Clasped Hands [Study for Les demoiselles d Avignon ] Paris, spring 1907!" Completed in Paris in spring 1907, this painting is oil on canvas.!" Picasso painted this as a study for a largerscale painting.!" Although entitled Woman with Clasped Hands, this painting can be understood as a self-portrait of Picasso: the sweep of hair and the blocked out eye are typically used by the artist in his self-portraits. See *2$.+'$5-1$:1,$-1.$+3"#)$#]-8<&#4$+2$3"*4$+1$.+')$;*4*3$ to the de Picasso began to collect African art and use the appearance of African masks in his art, seen here in 3"#$2-5*-&$2#-3')#4$-1,$3"#$7-33#1*10$+2$3"#$2-5#9$!" In 1907, Picasso also attended a retrospective of -)3*43$(-'&$D=Y-11#>$6"*5"$#15+')-0#,$"*8$3+$#]<&+)#$ sculptural form in two dimensions for example, in the breaking of the line of the arm in this self-portrait.!" One of the two eyes is blocked out as if it were sightless. Picasso had lifelong fascination with /&*1,1#44$-1,$4*0"39$S##$*2$.+'$5-1$:1,$-1.$+3"#)$ examples of this on your visit to the de Young.!"!"*4$6+)B$)#5-&&4$F/#)*-1$45'&<3')#>$6"*5"$"-4$U)##B$ -1,$\0.<3*-1$*17'#15#49$!"*4$5-1$/#$4##1$*1$3"#$ :0')#G4$/)+-,$5"#43$-1,$4"+'&,#)4>$-4$6#&&$-4$3"#$6-.$ musculature is depicted.!" In 1907, Picasso visited Paris s Ethnographic Museum +2$3"#$!)+5-,=)+>$6"*5"$*15&',#,$-)3$+2$?2)*5-$-1,$ Guitar and Bottle of Bass Paris, summer autumn 1913 (-)3*-&&.$<-*13#,$<*1#>$<-<*#)$5+&&=>$ charcoal, and nails on wood panel!"!"*4$-)36+)b$6-4$5+8<&#3#,$*1$(-)*4$*1$hih^9$f3$*4$ made of partially painted pine components, glued paper, charcoal, and nails on a wooden backing.!" At this time Picasso was working closely with Georges Braque to create Cubism, an art form that challenged the representation of objects in space by breaking them down and reassembling them. Braque and (*5-44+$0)#-3&.$*17'#15#,$#-5"$+3"#)$3+$/)*10$3"#$ style to new places.!" Braque began creating construction sculptures in HIHH>$*17'#15*10$(*5-44+$3+$/#0*1$8-B*10$"*4$+61$ assemblages. An assemblage is a three-dimensional sculpture made from found objects. Picasso s assemblages in turn took Braque s paper versions to the next level.!" Picasso used a wide array of materials, but primarily used wood to create different effects, textures, and spatial relationships!"!"*4$6+)b$-1,$+3"#)4$&*b#$*3$5"-&&#10#,$3)-,*3*+1-&$ conceptions of painting and sculpture by intertwining the (-)*49$!"#$/+33&#$+2$%-44$-1,$4'00#43*+1$+2$8'4*5$*1$ 3"*4$<*#5#$4"+6$"+6$+3"#)$-)3$*17'#15#,$(*5-44+9!"!"#$0'*3-)$43*&&$&*2#$*1$-$5-2=$*4$-$5&-44*5$D'/*43$4'/_#53>$ which Picasso often used at this time.!" For Picasso and others, the guitar and mandolin are associated with the female form.!"!"#$4'<<+)3$/+-),$+1$3"#$/-5b$*4$-$5-2=$3-/&#3+<$3*&3#,$ upwards. In the middle is the guitar with its vertical neck; to the right a clarinet with sound holes; and at the left center is the round bottle of Bass beer. Picasso frequently played with the idea of space. See *2$.+'$5-1$:1,$+3"#)$#]-8<&#4$+2$3"*4$+1$.+')$3)*<$3+$ the de Young.

7 IMAGE FACT SHEETS [GRADES 9 12 APPENDIX C] Paul as a Harlequin Paris, 1924!" Completed in Paris in 1924, this is an image of (*5-44+G4$4+1$(-'&$6*3"$:)43$6*2#>$@&0-9$!"#$<-*13*10$*4$ oil on canvas.!" When Picasso and Olga wed, he was reaching a level of success where he could afford nice things and when Olga desired a bourgeois lifestyle, which he could now provide. Picasso s painting style shifted to Neoclassicism during this time, a style more )#-&*43*5$-1,$5+14#);-3*;#$3"-1$"*4$<)#;*+'4$6+)B9$!"*4$ <)+0)#44*+1$8-.$)#7#53$"*4$1#6>$8+)#$5+143)-*1#,$ relationship with Olga.!" Harlequin is a romantic, but also a trickster, who steals the love of a woman.!" Harlequin serves as an alter ego for Picasso.!" Picasso paints his son as Harlequin, his alter ego, &++B*10$Z'*3#$8#&-15"+&.9$!"*4$8-.$)#7#53$3"#$ unhappiness and trapped feelings the artist was experiencing in his marriage to Olga.!"!"*4$<-*13*10$5-1$/#$4##1$-4$-$,+'/&#$*&&'4*+19$!")+'0"+'3$"*4$6+)B>$(*5-44+$,#<*534$"*84#&2$-4$ Harlequin; in this work the identity is placed on his son. Picasso is very interested in the idea of morphing *,#13*3*#49$S##$*2$.+'$5-1$:1,$+3"#)$#]-8<&#4$+2$3"*4$ on your trip to the de Young.!" While Picasso was married to Olga, he longed for the freer, bohemian lifestyle he once had.!" Paul was three at the time of this painting.!" Picasso paints Paul in the costume of Harlequin, a stock character from an Italian form of theater then popular in France. Large Still Life on a Pedestal Table Paris, March 11, 1931!"!"*4$<-*13*10$6-4$5+8<&#3#,$L-)5"$HH>$HI^H>$*1$(-)*49$ It is oil on canvas.!" Objectively, the painting is a still life with a pitcher and dish of fruit arranged on a pedestal table.!" (*5-44+$8#3$3"#$/&+1,#$L-)*#M!"=)N4#$O-&3#)$6"#1$ she was 17 and he was 45.!" O"#1$3"#.$8#3>$(*5-44+$6-4$43*&&$8-))*#,$3+$:)43$ 6*2#>$@&0->$4+$L-)*#M!"=)N4#$-1,$(*5-44+$B#<3$3"#*)$ relationship a secret until 1935, when she became pregnant with Picasso s second child, Maya.!" Because of the secret nature of their affair, Picasso 6+'&,$+23#1$"*,#$L-)*#M!"=)N4#$*1$"*4$-)3>$4'5"$-4$ with this still life.!"!"#$.#&&+6$<*35"#)$5-1$/#$4##1$-4$"#)$/&+1,#$"-*)>$ while other objects represent her various physical attributes.!" Picasso himself may also be represented in this work.!" Picasso often used bright colors and curvy lines to,#<*53$l-)*#m!"=)n4#9!" Picasso was very familiar with the French Academy of Painting and Sculpture, the traditional academy that established a hierarchy of painting genres for purposes of awarding prizes and scholarships. In this hierarchy, still life was at the bottom, with history painting at the top (followed by portraits, genre painting, and landscapes).!" Picasso was fascinated by the idea of creating transformation and metamorphosis, here changing *1-1*8-3#$+/_#534$*13+$"'8-1$:0')#49$S##$*2$.+'$5-1$ :1,$+3"#)$#]-8<&#4$+2$3"*4$+1$.+')$3)*<$3+$3"#$$ $ de Young.

8 IMAGE FACT SHEETS [GRADES 9 12 APPENDIX C]!"##$%&'()*+,'&)-.)'&+)!"##$%&'+/ Boisgeloup, September 19, 1933 Oil on wood!"!"*4$<-*13*10$6-4$5+8<&#3#,$s#<3#8/#)$hi>$hi^^>$*1$ Boisgeloup, France.!" (*5-44+$/#0-1$'4*10$/'&&:0"3$45#1#4$*1$3"#$HI^`49$!" %'&&:0"3*10$6-4$3"#$1-3*+1-&$4<+)3$+2$S<-*1>$$ $ Picasso s homeland.!" He was a lifelong fan of the sport.!" Picasso frequently depicted himself as the bull or as the mythical Minotaur, who was half-man, half-beast. S##$*2$.+'$5-1$:1,$+3"#)$#]-8<&#4$+2$(*5-44+$'4*10$ animals as symbols on your visit to the de Young!"!"#$"+)4#$-1,$/'&&$-<<#-)$*1$(*5-44+G4$&-)0#M45-&#$ political work Guernica (1937) to symbolize a ravaged Spain amid the Spanish Civil War.!" %'&&:0"3*10$*1;+&;#,$-$/'&&>$-$8-3-,+)>$-1,$"*4$"+)4#$*1$ a life and death battle. 0-/'/,1')-.)*-/,)2,,/ Paris, 1937!"!"*4$<+)3)-*3$6-4$5+8<&#3#,$*1$(-)*4$*1$HI^K$-1,$*4$ painted in oil on canvas.!"!"*4$*4$-$<+)3)-*3$+2$t+)-$l--)>$+1#$+2$(*5-44+g4$ mistresses. She was an established Surrealist artist and was very politically active. Friends described her as having a very emotional and intense personality. She was tall with dark hair and drastically different 3"-1$3"#$/&+1,#$-1,$)#&-3*;#&.$<-44*;#$L-)*#M!"=)N4#$ Walter, his other mistress at the time.!"!"#$<+#3$(-'&$[&'-),$*13)+,'5#,$(*5-44+$3+$t+)-$ Maar in Legend has it that Picasso saw Dora at 3"#$5-2=$V#4$T#']$L-0+34$*1$(-)*49$O"*&#$"#$6-35"#,$ her, she took her pocketknife out and began quickly 43-//*10$3"#$3-/&#$*1$/#36##1$#-5"$+2$"#)$:10#)49$ She then gave Picasso her blood-soaked glove to remember her by. It is often thought that this is why (*5-44+$2)#Z'#13&.$<-*134$T+)-$6*3"$)#,$:10#)1-*&49$!" Picasso would depict Dora with sharp, angular forms '4*10$-5*,*5$.#&&+64$-1,$0)##149$!"*4$43.&#$,*22#)4$2)+8$ the soft, curved lines and bright colors of his paintings +2$L-)*#M!"=)N4#9$!" Dora was a photographer and took many pictures of Picasso working in his studio.!" Picasso used Dora as a source of inspiration for his Weeping Women, most famously depicted in his large-scale political work Guernica (1937).!" (*5-44+$6+'&,$<-*13$T+)-G4$2-5#$*1$<)+:&#$a2)+8$3"#$ side) and from the front (as if she was looking directly out at the viewer) simultaneously creating a unique )#<)#4#13-3*+1$+2$3"#$"'8-1$2-5#9$S##$*2$.+'$5-1$:1,$ other examples of this double face on your trip to the de Young.

9 IMAGE FACT SHEETS [GRADES 9 12 APPENDIX C] The Studio of La Californie Cannes, March 30, 1956!"!"*4$<-*13*10$6-4$5+8<&#3#,$L-)5"$^`>$HIQb>$*1$ Cannes, France. It is oil on canvas.!" In 1955, Picasso purchased the 19th-century villa La Californie, overlooking Cannes.!" He decorated his studio at the villa with art nouveau decor and set it up overlooking the garden. He produced a series of drawings and paintings of this studio space.!" As Picasso grew older he became more isolated from contemporary art and artists, becoming not only selfreferential but referential to the great masters in art history, such as the Spanish painter Diego Velázquez.!"!"*4$<-*13*10$4"+64$3"#$43',*+$6*3"$3"#$0-),#1$3+$3"#$ right. In the right foreground there are two painted 5-1;-4#49$!"#$*8-0#$-&4+$4"+64$3"#$*13#)*+)$43)'53')#$ and decor of La Californie.!" Picasso was very interested in depicting the artist and his model, as well as the artist and his studio. See if.+'$5-1$:1,$+3"#)$#]-8<&#4$+2$(*5-44+$'4*10$3"#4#$ themes on your trip to the de Young.!"!"#$*8-0#$)#5-&&4$L-3*44#G4$Red Studio (1911). Matisse and Picasso were longtime friends and had *17'#15#,$#-5"$+3"#)$+;#)$3"#$.#-)49$!"#$36+$"-,$-1$ interesting relationship; they created much of their work at the same time, yet Matisse was older than Picasso. Matisse had died the year before this Picasso painted this work, which can be seen as an homage to him. (Matisse s Red Studio can be seen online at :

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Liberty Pines Academy Russell Sampson Rd. Saint Johns, Fl 32259 Liberty Pines Academy 10901 Russell Sampson Rd. Saint Johns, Fl 32259 Meet the Artist Pablo Picasso 1881-1973 Picasso was born in Malaga, Spain. His first word as a child was piz, short for lapiz, the