Let s Rock-et Project

Transcription

1 Applied Technology & Engineering... We know how to make it wow! Let s Rock-et Project It s a blast! Name: Date: Grade: Section: 1

2 Goal Think like an Engineer: The Universal Systems Model Goal Design and build a bo<le rocket that will fly straight and return safely to Criteria: Your prototype must... be made from a 2- liter plas1c soda bo3le have at least three fins a3ached to its body fit on the launcher be capable of mul1ple launches have a recovery (parachute) system Constraints (restricdons): fins cannot extend below the neck of the bo3le where it begins to narrow (see Diagram 1 below) the rocket cannot have any parts that could cause injury the rocket must launch as one complete unit, but may come down as separate pieces Input Process 2 liter plas1c bo3le tape cardboard ping- pong balls tennis balls string duct tape masking tape plas1c bags straws Test the bo3le for leaks Trace and cut out the fins A3ach the fins Make and install parachute Figure out how much water/air pressure is just right Feedback The bo3le cannot be cut, punctured, or damaged in any way or the rocket will not hold the air pressure Fins should be firm: if they flop around they are useless The nose cone must go through the air easier than the body of the rocket.! Diagram 1 A water rocket launched with pressurized air Output! 2

3 RESEARCH Use the posted web links for this project to find the info for the quesdons. 1. IN YOUR OWN WORDS... Do I have to use water? Why can't I just use pressurized air? 2. IN YOUR OWN WORDS... Is more water be<er? 3. IN YOUR OWN WORDS... How can I modify the design of the rocket to increase the duradon of the flight? 4. IN YOUR OWN WORDS... What effect will the wind have on the way I launch the rocket? 5. YOUR OWN WORDS... How will the wind affect the rocket awer it is launched? 6. IN YOUR OWN WORDS... How can I modify the design of the rocket to increase the Dme it stays alow? 3

4 RESEARCH 4

5 RESEARCH The diagram below shows the flight of a bo3le rocket. Point A represents the rocket at the instant immediately following launch. Point B shows the rocket just aper launch, as the rocket begins to climb. Point C shows the rocket at the half- way point of its ascent. Point D shows the rocket at its highest point. Point E shows the rocket at the half- way point of its descent. Point F shows the rocket as it approaches the ground. Point G represents the rocket at the instant it hits the ground. a) Describe the flight of the rocket in terms of accelera1on, Newton s Laws of Mo1on, forces, and energy, from the instant just aper launch, un1l the instant the rocket lands on the ground. b) In your answer be sure to include a descrip1on of the forces ac1ng on the rocket at each point, as well as the types and amounts of energy (poten1al & kine1c) the rocket has at each point of its flight D C B A E F G 5

6 LEARNING TARGET: RESEARCH I CAN use the Engineering Design Process to build a bo<le rocket that will fly straight and return safely to Every transportadon vehicle from a skateboard to the space shu<le needs six systems in order to operate. 1. Propulsion: The propulsion system provides the force that moves the vehicle. Examples: engine, gravity, transmission Iden7fy this system in this project: 2. Structural: Structural systems provide a place for the vehicle s cargo or people. Examples: chassis, trunk, seat Iden7fy this system in this project: 3. Suspension: The suspension system supports the weight of a vehicle. Examples: shock absorbers, 7res, wheels, wings Iden7fy this system in this project: 4. Control: Control systems control the speed and mo1on of a vehicle. Examples: brakes, gas pedal, gears, steering wheel Iden7fy this system in this project: 5. Guidance: Guidance systems help the vehicle get to its des1na1on. Examples: GPS, radar, signs Iden7fy this system in this project: 6. Support: Support systems are used to maintain and protect vehicles. Examples: garage, gas sta7on, car wash Iden7fy this system in this project: 6

7 CHOOSE THE BEST SOLUTION Skydiving without a second parachute is NOT a good idea (even if you want to be the first one on the ground). Seriously though, think of what would happen if the first chute failed and there was no back- up chute. Pre3y ugly. Engineering is similar. Building a prototype without a back- up version is a bad idea. What if the first one doesn t work? Or the second? Or third? Now what? In the spaces below, draw DIFFERENT versions of possible prototypes that could hit the target and meet this project s criteria (follow the two examples). List the advantages and disadvantages of each one to help you decide which one to build first. EXAMPLE #1 EXAMPLE #2 - The first one will be easy to build and has less mass - They all have fins which help with stability -Has a large nosecone for a big parachute - The middle rocket may be too complicated to build and have too much mass -The nosecone might not open to let the parachute open Prototype #1 Prototype #2 7

8 Prototype #3 Prototype #4 Prototype #5 Prototype #6 CHOOSE THE BEST SOLUTION APer analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of possible solu1ons, I have chosen Prototype # as the best possible solu1on for the following reasons:

9 CHOOS THE BEST SOLUTION >>These drawings CANNOT BE CHANGED once construcdon has begun! FRONT VIEW BACK VIEW LEFT SIDE VIEW RIGHT SIDE VIEW TOP VIEW BOTTOM VIEW 9

10 BUILD A PROTOTYPE Properties of Materials Every material has a specific property that makes it a good choice for some tasks and a not- so- good choice for other tasks. Absorbency: soaks up water or liquids Ex. sponges, cloth, wood ElasDcity:returns to it original shape when it s stretched Ex. rubber ConducDvity: allows electricity or heat to flow through it Ex. aluminum, brass, copper, steel, silver, gold, iron, concrete Flexibility: bends without breaking. Ex. rubber, cloth, plas7c, clay, certain metals MagneDc: a3racted to certain metals Ex. iron, nickel, steel Strength: can be squeezed or twisted without breaking Ex. iron, steel, wood Hardness: resists scratching and breaking Ex. iron, steel, wood, concrete Transparency:something you can see through Ex. glass, plas7c WOULD YOU MAKE NO! What PROPERTY is needed? What s a good MATERIAL to use? 1. A METAL couch? transparency glass 2. A RUBBER thumbtack? 3. A PLASTIC vacuum? 4. A PAPER paint brush? 5. A MAGNETIC armchair? 6. A GLASS pillowcase? 10

11 BUILD A PROTOTYPE All materials have proper1es that make them appropriate for certain jobs. Follow the example and check off the proper1es that make each item useful and effec1ve. absorbent electrical conductor magnedc transparent elasdc flexible hard strong 1. rubber glove 2. belt 3. bookshelf 4. shoelaces 5. garage 6. mailbox 7. go- cart 8. quilt 11

12 BUILD A PROTOTYPE Tools are handheld devices that help accomplish a task like cucng or shaping something. Complete the chart below by checking off the hand tools that would be most useful in each numbered situa1on. hammer screwdriver coping saw pliers hack saw wood saw drill tape measure 1. build a bookshelf 2. make a tree house 3. paindng a room 4. fix a hole in the wall 5. replace a windshield 6. build a fence 7. make a picture frame 8. fix a hole in screen 12

13 BUILD A PROTOTYPE Keep track of your progress by comple1ng an Engineering Log aper every building class. Follow the example below as you go from raw materials to finished prototype. Describe what you did today; tools that you used; materials that you used, parts you worked on, design changes and problems. Make a labeled drawing (or paste a picture taken w/your phone) of your prototype or the parts you worked on. LOG #1 Date: YES I used complete sentences to describe my progress YES My descrip1on is neatly wri3en and legible YES I described how I used specific tools and materials YES My drawing is large enough and centered in the space YES My line quality is sharp and precise (no smudges) YES Labels and measurements are OUTSIDE the drawing 13

14 Describe what you did today; tools that you used; materials that you used, parts you worked on, design changes and problems. Make a labeled drawing (or paste a picture taken w/your phone) of your prototype or the parts you worked on. LOG #2 Date: YES I used complete sentences to describe my progress YES My descrip1on is neatly wri3en and legible YES I described how I used specific tools and materials YES My drawing is large enough and centered in the space YES My line quality is sharp and precise (no smudges) YES Labels and measurements are OUTSIDE the drawing Describe what you did today; tools that you used; materials that you used, parts you worked on, design changes and problems. Make a labeled drawing (or paste a picture taken w/your phone) of your prototype or the parts you worked on. LOG #3 Date: YES I used complete sentences to describe my progress YES My descrip1on is neatly wri3en and legible YES I described how I used specific tools and materials YES My drawing is large enough and centered in the space YES My line quality is sharp and precise (no smudges) YES Labels and measurements are OUTSIDE the drawing 14

15 Describe what you did today; tools that you used; materials that you used, parts you worked on, design changes and problems. Make a labeled drawing (or paste a picture taken w/your phone) of your prototype or the parts you worked on. LOG #4 Date: YES I used complete sentences to describe my progress YES My descrip1on is neatly wri3en and legible YES I described how I used specific tools and materials YES My drawing is large enough and centered in the space YES My line quality is sharp and precise (no smudges) YES Labels and measurements are OUTSIDE the drawing Describe what you did today; tools that you used; materials that you used, parts you worked on, design changes and problems. Make a labeled drawing (or paste a picture taken w/your phone) of your prototype or the parts you worked on. LOG #5 Date: YES I used complete sentences to describe my progress YES My descrip1on is neatly wri3en and legible YES I described how I used specific tools and materials YES My drawing is large enough and centered in the space YES My line quality is sharp and precise (no smudges) YES Labels and measurements are OUTSIDE the drawing 15

16 TEST THE PROTOTYPE BOTTLE ROCKET FLIGHT DATA Trial 1 Pressure (psi) Amount of water (ml) AlDtude (m) Flew straight w/o tumbling or wobbling Rocket tumbled or wobbled; did not fly straight Parachute deployed for a sow landing Rocket or parachute did not funcdon correctly Avg. 16

17 MAKE A DECISION Based on the data I collected, my prototype s performance was: (Check one) ExcepDonal: it worked every 1me it was tested and needed no repairs Some reasons for this are: Very good: it worked most of the 1me it was tested and didn t need any (or many) repairs Some reasons for this are: Good: it worked some of the 1me it was tested and needed repairs Some reasons for this are: Not good: it didn t really work Some reasons for this are: Things I d do differently next Dme What these things might improve

18 ENGINEERING DESIGN PROCESS STEP 8: Redesign STEP 1: IdenDfy the Need STEP 7: Communicate the SoluDon STEP 2: Research STEP 6: Test and Evaluate the Prototype STEP 3: Develop Possible SoluDons STEP 5: Build a Prototype STEP 4: Select the Best Possible SoluDon 18

19 PROJECT SCORING SHEET LOOK- FORS To show that I can follow the Engineering Design Process and hit the target... I will conduct research and use it to help me plan and build my prototype. (Pg.3) I will complete an open response ques1on about technology & engineering. (Pg.5) I will identify the six systems that operate my prototype. (Pg.6) I will draw isometric drawings that show different ways to solve a design problem. (Pg.7-8) I will make orthographic drawings of the prototype I m building from different views with labels and measurements that anyone could understand and follow. (Pg.9) I will iden1fy materials and tools needed for specific tasks when building prototypes. (Pg ) I will record my progress and describe how I used specific tools and materials to build my prototype. >>Engineering Log #1 (Pg.13) >>Engineering Log #2 (Pg.14) >>Engineering Log #3 (Pg.14) >>Engineering Log #4 (Pg.15) >>Engineering Log #5 (Pg.15) I will collect and display data about my prototype and use it to evaluate how well it worked. (Pg.16-17) I will record what I did during each step of the Engineering Design Process. (Pg.18) I will build a prototype that MATCHES MY ORTHOGRAPHIC DRAWINGS, meets the criteria, looks like a finished product without any loose parts, damaged or rough surfaces and globs of glue, and holds together without needing repairs between multiple uses Things done well to GLOW- on... Things to do next to GROW- on... 19