3-D Radar Sampling Methods for Ornithology and Wildlife Management
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1 University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln 2011 Bird Strike North America Conference, Niagara Falls Bird Strike Committee Proceedings D Radar Sampling Methods for Ornithology and Wildlife Management Robert C. Beason Accipiter Radar Corporation, bbeason@accipiterradar.com Tim J. Nohara Accipiter Radar Technologies Inc., tnohara@accipiterradar.com Follow this and additional works at: Beason, Robert C. and Nohara, Tim J., "3-D Radar Sampling Methods for Ornithology and Wildlife Management" (2011) Bird Strike North America Conference, Niagara Falls This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Bird Strike Committee Proceedings at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in 2011 Bird Strike North America Conference, Niagara Falls by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln.
2 3-D Radar Sampling Methods for Ornithology and Wildlife Management Niagara Falls, Canada, September 2011 Robert C. Beason Accipiter Radar Corporation, Niagara, NY Tim J. Nohara Accipiter Radar Technologies Inc., Niagara, ON
3 Avian Community Sampling Visual techniques Auditory techniques Migration monitoring
4 Visual Sampling Techniques Fixed radius, fixed time sampling Fixed radius, variable time sampling Unlimited radius, variable time sampling Incidental observations Trained observer can identify species
5 Auditory Sampling Supplement to visual sampling techniques Aid to species identification Used in conjunction with migration sampling for species identificaiton
6 Migration Sampling Techniques Visual techniques Moon watching Ceilometer watching Auditory techniques Record & review nocturnal calls Automatic identification & logging Radar techniques WSR-88D Avian radars
7 Pelham Regional Airport
8
9 Wildlife Hazards White-tailed deer Coyote Canada goose Waterfowl Gulls Herons & egrets
10 Buffalo Weather Radar
11 Avian Radar Complements Visual & Auditory Techniques Continuously samples avian community Detection at greater distances Detect and monitor nocturnal migration Automatically record avian behaviors
12 Visual & Auditory Techniques Complement Avian Radar Identification to species Monitor birds sitting on the ground or in vegetation Detect and monitor birds flying low to the ground
13 3D Sampling Radar 10,000 ft. 6 mi Greater sample size Better data on altitudinal distribution More complete knowledge of sizes Cylindrical coverage Programmable scan patterns
14
15
16 3D Sampling Example Dual-axis scanning antenna 4 conical beam pattern 360 azimuth scanning Elevation scanning from 7 to 47 vertically 10 programmed elevation angles, 3 minute sampling at each elevation
17 3D Tracks
18 3D Tracks
19 Histories
20 Spatial 3D Data Analysis
21 Select Resolution
22 Spatial Analysis
23 Number of Diurnal Bird Tracks
24 Number of Nocturnal Bird Tracks
25 Km North (-) to South of Radar Count Data Exported in Excel Format Km West (-) to East of Radar
26 Mean Nocturnal Altitude
27 Maximum Nocturnal Altitudes
28 0 500 ft
29 ft
30 ft
31 ft
32 Examine by Cell Attributes Track count Altitude Heading Speed Size Statistics Total Mean Median Standard Deviation Maximum Minimum
33
34 Filter on Attributes Altitude Speed Heading Size Combinations of the above
35 Example of Filters
36 Periodic Reports Generated Hourly, Daily, Weekly, Monthly Locations of activity Directions and speed of movement in each cell Specific queries Investigate trouble spots Monitor start & end of migration, density of migrants in the airspace
37 Data Integration Visual & auditory sampling Periodic sampling Species ID Details of behavior Radar sampling Continuous sampling Quantification of flying birds Altitude Automatic data logging
38 CONCLUSIONS Visual and radar sampling provide complementary data on avian hazards to aviation New analytical tools can quantify attributes of avian activity to aid biologists in determining threat levels and monitoring hazard trends Automatic report generation allows biologists to spend more time in the field
39 Acknowledgments We thank our colleagues at Accipiter Radar for their assistance in the development of the analytical software and preparation of illustrations for this presentation, and the numerous wildlife biologists for their ideas on the types of information they needed to help them do their jobs.
40 Thank You & Questions Niagara, Ontario Niagara, NY
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