Integration o Information for Environmental Security

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2 NATO Science for Peace and Security Series This Series presents the results of scientific meetings supported under the NATO Programme: Science for Peace and Security (SPS). The NATO SPS Programme supports meetings in the following Key Priority areas: (1) Defence Against Terrorism; (2) Countering other Threats to Security and (3) NATO, Partner and Mediterranean Dialogue Country Priorities. The types of meeting supported are generally "Advanced Study Institutes" and "Advanced Research Workshops". The NATO SPS Series collects together the results of these meetings. The meetings are coorganized by scientists from NATO countries and scientists from NATO's "Partner" or "Mediterranean Dialogue" countries. The observations and recommendations made at the meetings, as well as the contents of the volumes in the Series, reflect those of participants and contributors only; they should not necessarily be regarded as reflecting NATO views or policy. Advanced Study Institutes (ASI) are high-level tutorial courses intended to convey the latest developments in a subject to an advanced-level audience Advanced Research Workshops (ARW) are expert meetings where an intense but informal exchange of views at the frontiers of a subject aims at identifying directions for future action Following a transformation of the programme in 2006 the Series has been re-named and re-organised. Recent volumes on topics not related to security, which result from meetings supported under the programme earlier, may be found in the NATO Science Series. The Series is published by IOS Press, Amsterdam, and Springer, Dordrecht, in conjunction with the NATO Public Diplomacy Division. Sub-Series A. Chemistry and Biology Springer B. Physics and Biophysics Springer C. Environmental Security Springer D. E. Information and Communication Security Human and Societal Dynamics IOS Press IOS Press Series C: Environmental Security

3 Integration of Information for Environmental Security - Environmental Security - Information Security - Disaster Forecast and Prevention - Water Resources Management Corrected Second Printing edited by H. Gonca Coskun H. Kerem Cigizoglu M. Derya Maktav Istanbul Technical University, Turkey Published in cooperation with NATO Public Diplomacy Division

4 Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Integration of Information for Environmental Security Istanbul, Turkey September 2006 AC.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. ISBN (PB) ISBN (HB) ISBN (e-book) Published by Springer, P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands. In the first printing of this book the article originally published under the DOI: / was later found to contain a significant amount of text that was copied, without acknowledgement, from another earlier publication by different authors. The article has now been retracted by its author and is omitted from this second printing. Printed on acid-free paper All Rights Reserved 2008 Springer Science+Business Media B.V., corrected second printing 2008 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work.

5 Contents Preface...ix Session 1: Environmental Security...1 An Integrated Approach For Environmental Security in the NATO Countries Based on Remote Sensing and GIS Technologies...3 H.G. Coskun Geospatial Integration and Fusion Techniques for Environmental Monitoring and Security...17 M. Ehlers Integrated Use of Multispectral Satellite and Airborne Sensors as a Tool for Detecting Biological Hot Spots and Monitor of Aquatic Environment Security...47 V. Melentyev, V.I. Chernook Data Policy and Management Issues for Integration of Information: The GMES Projects and Plans...69 G. Schreier The Importance of ITU-CSCRS for Natural Disaster Monitoring: A Case Study Flooding in the Maritsa River...83 F. Sunar Information Products to Study Environmental Threats and Dangerous Phenomena in the Black, AZOV and Caspian Seas...91 V.N. Belokopytov, A.Kh. Khaliulin, E.A. Godin, S.K. Konovalov, S.Ph. Dotsenko, A.V. Ingerov, O.V. Sergeyeva, V.P. Gorbunov GIS and Models for Environmental Health Action Plans O. Udovyk Session 2: Information Security, Integration of Information Artificial Neural Networks in Water Resources H.K. Cigizoglu Application of Space Technology in Support of Security and Safety of Critical Infrastructure S. Kurnaz, R.B. Rustamov v

6 vi CONTENTS Online Information as an Important Source For Environmental Impact Studies P.B. Almeida The Use of Numerical Simulation for Oil Spill Contingency Plan S. Can, H. Yilmaz, F. Celik Monitoring Microcatchment by Using Satellite Imagery: Kiziloz Sample M. Dagci, G. Kusek Emergency Warnings with Short Message Service J.P. Fernandes Sustainable Development In Ukraine: Problem, New Vision, Solution A. Gorobets The Role of Space Assets in Providing for Public Security F. Ince Role of Geospatial Information and Geospatial Information Application Software Systems for Security A. Kopar Session 3: Disaster Forecasting and Prevention Spatial Data Infrastructures for Emergency Services and Security Management R. Bill Forest Fires and Remote Sensing A. Calle, J.-L. Casanova Natural and Environmental Risks in Marine and Coastal Areas M. Morović Integrated Monitoring System for Seismic Risk Assessment in Vrancea Area M. Zoran Forests and Natural Disasters H.E. Celik

7 CONTENTS vii The Role of Remote Sensing and GIS for Security H.G. Coskun, U. Alganci, G. Usta Technological Risk Assessment and Management: Can we Integrate Terrorist Attacks? K. Fedra Environmental Impact of LNG Terminals in the Gulf of Trieste (Northern Adriatic) V. Malacic, J. Faganeli, A. Malej Disaster Management Education and Policies in Turkey D.N. Ural Session 4: Water Resources Management Integrated Information Base for Sustainable Water Resources Management N.B. Harmancioglu Coastal Zone Management/Coastal Information System D. Maktav Wastewater Management in Istanbul A. Samsunlu Ship s Ballast Water and Marine Pollution T. Satir Specialized Multidisciplinary Information System as a Tool to Support Monitoring of Marine Ecosystem D.Y. Slipetskyy, O.V. Sergeyeva, V.P. Gorbunov Management of Water Supply Systems of Metropoles: Istanbul Example B. Yegen, B. Önoz

8 Preface In case of security threats, there is a need for temporal access to complete updated, reliable information, in a dedicated form, which is an essential prerequisite to effectively counter security threats. Currently, the necessary information exists in a multitude of forms and formats geographically and physically scattered over different countries, institutes and organizations, and are subjected to widely different data policies and management schemes. Moreover, there is no complete and updated overview of the existing information, e.g., in the form of a metadata catalogue. As a result, integration of this information in case of emergencies has proven to be extremely difficult, if not impossible. Although in some cases, interesting and impressive demonstrations have been shown of the possibilities of the integration of information, for a number of reasons these have reached the operational stage. Environmental security, in particular, can be defined as environmental viability for life support, with three subelements: 1. Preventing or repairing military damage to the environment 2. Preventing or responding to environmentally caused conflicts 3. Protecting the environment due to its inherent moral value The NATO-Advanced Research Workshop (ARW), titled Integration of Information for Security under the NATO Security through Science programme, which took place during September 2006, was found quite satisfactory from the scientific and organization points of view. It was an honor for Istanbul Technical University to host NATO Members in Istanbul. NATO-ARW, Istanbul, has close links with the objectives of the NATO Security through Science programme, specifically with the item on Scientific Collaboration to Counter Other Threats to Security. This ARW was organized for a duration of 4 days, where participants from NATO countries, representatives of organizations, Turkish Universities, Military, Industrial and Scientific State Offices, scientists and engineers researching the frontiers of various subjects were able to engage in an intense but informal exchange of views, aimed at a critical assessment of existing knowledge and identification of directions for future actions under this heading. The workshop was related with priority issues such as: Environmental Security Information Security Disaster Forecast and Prevention Water Resources Management ix

9 x PREFACE This ARW is expected to lead to the formulation of a number of concrete project proposals to be submitted to NATO as Science for Peace projects (SFP), or to other relevant funding agencies. We are very grateful to the NATO Scientific Affairs Division for its financial support and to the Istanbul Technical University for additional support. On behalf of the organizing committee I would like to thank Dr. Deniz Beten, NATO Programme Director of Environmental Security, for her support, and to Lynne Campbell for her invaluable assistance throughout the workshop. Our appreciation goes to Professor M. Derya Maktav and Associate Professor H. Kerem Cigizoglu who served well as co-editors of the book. Thanks are also extended to Ugur Alganci and Gokce Usta from Istanbul Technical University for their services as Organization Secretaries. Istanbul, May 2007 H. Gonca Coskun Director of NATO-ARW

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