Innovation and TT in the Euromediterranean Area Some perspectives

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1 Innovation and TT in the Euromediterranean Area Some perspectives Francesco S. Donadio CNR Office for European and International Relations

2 Euromediterranean Countries: focus on the economic situation - The MMCs form a mixed group of small-scale economies that have been making a great effort to achieve growth in recent years, especially prior to the international economic crisis, leading to growth in GDP above the rates recorded by European Union countries. - In general, Industry accounts for about 30% of GDP while services have gradually increased their share, rising to over 55%. * - Agriculture remains an important source of employment for the working-age population. * The exception being Algeria, where the weight of the industrial sector is 60% in line with its production structure. Source: «Promotion of entrepreneurship, innovation and creativity in the Euromediterranean Region», report by CES Espana, 2011

3 Euromediterranean Countries: essential features Steady population growth Preponderance of SMEs and micro-enterprises Large number of enterprises in the social economy (cooperatives, benefit societies, development associations, foundations and other types of enterprise involving worker participation) Preponderance of public sector in R&I Institutional framework still in development Large presence of informal economy and employment Weak financial system - Problems in gaining access to credit Source: «Promotion of entrepreneurship, innovation and creativity in the Euromediterranean Region», report by CES Espana, 2011

4 Euromediterranean Countries: steps taken towards establishing the components of a system of innovation Relations between business and universities Development of business incubators Improvement of Human Capital Implementation of an appropriate level of technology in business programs Source: «Promotion of entrepreneurship, innovation and creativity in the Euromediterranean Region», report by

5 Euromediterranean Countries: critical areas for Innovation Insufficient proportion of resources devoted to R&I Low level of high technology exports Low level of patents granted to residents Source: «Promotion of entrepreneurship, innovation and creativity in the Euromediterranean Region», report by CES Espana, 2011

6 Euro-Mediterranean cooperation in the area of Research and Innovation European Council in Lisbon establishment of a new framework for relations with the countries of the Mediterranean basin with a view to forming a Euro-Mediterranean partnership 1995 Barcelona Declaration. Establishment of a Monitoring Committee (MoCo) for the Euro-Mediterranean cooperation in Science and Technology 1998 Launch of UfM (Union for the Mediterranean) focusing on six main axes including Research 2011 Joint Communication of the HR for FA&SP and the European Commission «A New Response to a changing Neighborhood»

7 Joint Communication of the HR for FA&SP and the European Commission «A New Response to a changing Neighborhood» The EU will propose to neighbouring partners to work towards the development of a Common Knowledge and Innovation Space. This would pull together several existing strands of cooperation: policy dialogue, national and regional capacity building, co-operation in research and innovation, and increased mobility opportunities for students, researchers and academics. In parallel co-operation in the area of higher education will be expanded through increased support for student and academic staff mobility within university partnerships (under Erasmus Mundus) and structured cooperation for university modernisation (through Tempus).

8 Bilateral S&T Agreements between the EU and: Algeria 11/06/2013 indefinite period Egypt 27/02/2008 indefinite period Jordan 29/03/2011 indefinite period Morocco 14/03/2005 indefinite period Tunisia 13/04/2004 indefinite period

9 Cooperation with Euromediterranean countries in H2020 Participation Open for all legal entities established in third countries and for international organisations

10 International Cooperation Strategy: enhancing and focusing EU international cooperation in R&I Tackle global societal challenges Support the Union s external policies International Cooperation Mainstreamed across H2020 Strenghten the Union s excellence and competitiveness (growth and jobs)

11 Bilateral Agreements between Euromed countries and the italian CNR MoUs, Agreements on S&T, Specific Joint Projects The National Research Council counts among its international activities the establishment and implementation of Bilateral Agreements of Scientific and Technological Cooperation with foreign research organizations for the joined financing of: Joint research projects (of biennial or triennial duration, carried out by joint Italian and foreign research teams) Individual free exchange programme bilateral seminars Furthermore, the National Research Council also signs Memoranda of Understanding (see list MoU) with research organizations of foreign countries with the aim of establishing and developing relations of cooperation, which are often preparatory to the signature of bilateral Agreements of scientific cooperation between the two parties.

12 44 Mou for Scientific and Technological Cooperation ARGENTINA - Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Productiva de la Republica Argentina, Universidad Nacional de Chilecito AUSTRALIA - The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization AZERBAIJAN - Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences BOSNIA - Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina BRAZIL - Fundacao Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico, Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo de Republica federativa do Brazil, Universidade de Sao Paulo CANADA - Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Ocean Networks Canada Society - University of Victoria CHINA - Chinese Academy of Science, The Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province, Sun Yat-Seen University - School of Physics and Engineering. CYPRUS - Department of Antiquities of Ciprus UNITED ARAB EMIRATES - Ministry of Economy FRANCE - Institut de Recherche pour le Développment GERMANY - Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Institute for Advances Sustainability Studies JAPAN - Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) Department of Innovation Research for Cooperation of Distributed Energy Management System Research IRAN - Ministery Science, Research and Technology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Iran, Sharif University of Technology IRAQ Sulaymani University, Kurdistan Region, Iraq ISRAEL - The Tel Aviv University KOREA - Hyundai Corporate Technology Institute - Hyundai Heavy Industries, Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology, National Research Council of Science and Technology LEBANON - National Council for Scientific Research Lebanon MACEDONIA- Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts MEXICO - Centro De Investigation y Asistencia en Tecnologia y Diseno del Estado De Jalisco MONGOLIA - Italian-Mongolian Chamber of Commerce, Mongolian Academy of Sciences SENEGAL - Institut Senegalais de Recherches Agricoles SERBIA - Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts SLOVENIA - University of Ljubljana SOUTH AFRICA - Energy and Water Sector Education Authority SWEDEN - Research Institutes of Sweden United Kingdom - Arts and Humanities Research Council, The Courtauld Institute of Art - University of London, London School of Economics and Political Science, The School of Advanced Study - University of London, University College London UKRAINE - National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine

13 35 Bilateral Agreements

14 Patents. General Economic Effects Are patents a pre-condition for innovation? no Can patents encourage innovation? yes Do economists agree on the economic effects? no Do economically successful countries have or develop strong patent systems? yes

15 Patents. A Strategic Tool Can patents aid commercial success? yes Do many innovative enterprises use patents? yes Do (potential) investors like patents? yes Do patents guarantee profits? no

16 The PCT System: 148 contracting countries

17 Name of State Date on which State became bound by PCT Algeria 8 March 2000 Egypt 6 September 2003 Iran 4 October 2013 Morocco 8 October 1999 Tunisia 10 December 2001 Jordan Iraq Non-member Palestine Non-member Ratification still pending * All these countries, with the exception of Palestine, are members of the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property

18 Main features of patent rights Exclusive right to stop others from making, using or selling the invented product or process In the nature of a property right may be sold or licensed Only available for new inventions in a field of technology but small improvements can be enough Geographically limited under national patent laws but there are regional and international treaties Must file a patent application to obtain rights fully describing invention description is published Limited duration, 20 years from filing date Annual renewal or maintenance fees (increasing with time)

19 Condition for grant of a (valid) patent Patent application must be filed Invention must be new ( novel ) and involve an inventive step ( non-obvious ) Invention must be industrially applicable Application must fully describe the invention (in the description and drawings), sufficiently to enable performance of the invention Application must define the patent rights sought, in patent claims that are fairly based on what is described

20 WIPO Pilot Project Assisting Member States to Create an Adequate Innovation Infrastructure to Support University Industry Collaboration I. Establishment of the Innovation Infrastructure Technology Transfer Offices (TTO) II: Development of Region Innovation Network

21 The Project Expected Results are: Significant improvement of the innovation infrastructure in the country. Development of the necessary local skills for creation, development and commercial exploitation of innovation. More systematic and institutionalized collaboration between local R&D institutions and businesses, through TTO infrastructure and professional technology management services. Higher level of competitiveness of local products and services, with the impact on the economy of the country and its economic growth. Improved level of regional IP collaboration and technology transfer. Potential creation of regional IP markets for IP based transactions. Higher visibility and competitiveness of the regional products on the global market, as a result of the enhanced, professionally managed regional IP collaboration and transfer of technology.

22 Thank You Francesco Saverio Donadio Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Ufficio Relazioni Europee e Internazionali Piazzale A. Moro 7 - Roma tel francesco.donadio@cnr.it