R G. E n E. a l. t U R. G a l s i, m. G n a. o v i n

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1 y G a l s i, m o v i n G n a t U R a l E n E R G ALGERIA~ ITALY GAS PIPELINE VIA SARDINIA

TECHNICAL DATA CAPACITY ALGERIA-SARDINIA ONSHORE SARDINIA SARDINIA-TUSCANY It was 1982 when the first gas pipeline was built from one of the world s largest gas reserves in the heart of the Algerian

2 TECHNICAL DATA CAPACITY ALGERIA-SARDINIA ONSHORE SARDINIA SARDINIA-TUSCANY It was 1982 when the first gas pipeline was built from one of the world s largest gas reserves in the heart of the Algerian desert, across Tunisia and the Sicilian Channel, to bring natural gas to the Italian mainland. 25 years have passed since then but cooperation between Italy and Algeria in the energy sector has continued to strengthen and today we see the realisation of a new direct gas pipeline between the two countries. An important project coming from the co-operation between Algeria and Italy 8 Bcm/y ROUTE LENGTH: 280 km DEPTH: 2885 m DIAMETER: 26 inches ROUTE LENGTH: 300 km DIAMETER: 48 inches ROUTE LENGTH: 250 km DEPTH: 850 m DIAMETER: 32 inches Galsi - Gasdotto Algeria Italia via Sardegna - will travel nearly 900 kilometres from the east coast of Algeria to the south of Sardinia, crossing the island to Olbia before plunging into the sea once more to reach Tuscany near Piombino. At depths of up to 2885 meters in the stretch between Algeria and Sardinia, Galsi will represent the deepest underwater pipeline ever built, an enormous feat of technology and engineering for the team of experts engaged in the project s design.

3 P O RTU G A L LA SPEZIA SLOVENIA SPAIN PIOMBINO OLBIA ITALY PORTO BO TTE ARZEW / BETHIOUA SKIKDA KOUDIET DRAOUCHE MOROCCO ALGERIA EL KAL A HASSI R MEL T UNISIA

PIOMBINO Near Olbia the gas is compressed again in the second compressor station for injection into the 32-inch (81 cm) subsea pipeline which stretches for 250 km, at a maximum depth of 850 m, to

4 PIOMBINO Near Olbia the gas is compressed again in the second compressor station for injection into the 32-inch (81 cm) subsea pipeline which stretches for 250 km, at a maximum depth of 850 m, to Piombino where Galsi terminates and joins the national pipeline network. OLBIA 3 Here the pressure is reduced once more and the gas passes through a measurement station to continue its onshore journey through 48-inch (120 cm) pipes which cross Sardinia for around 300 km to reach the north coast of the island. PORTO BOTTE 2 KOUDIET DRAOUCHE 1 Galsi begins its journey in Algeria 21 km east of Annaba, in the compressor station where the gas is brought to the correct pressure for injection into the subsea pipeline. For the sea crossing from Algeria to Italy 26-inch (66 cm) diameter pipe is laid along the floor of the Mediterranean for around 280 km, of which roughly 100 km at a depth of 2800 m, before reaching Sardinia at Porto Botte.

Why Galsi today? Because a secure, reliable source of energy is key to the country s progress and prosperity.

and the situation requires urgent new import channels.

Because scientific and technology breakthroughs have today made it possible to realise sophisticated new

5 Why Galsi today? Because a secure, reliable source of energy is key to the country s progress and prosperity. Because demand for natural gas is growing in Italy and Europe in the face of steadily falling production levels and the situation requires urgent new import channels. Galsi represents a concrete response to energy demands and a secure source of natural gas for Italy and Europe. Because scientific and technology breakthroughs have today made it possible to realise sophisticated new pipelines, capable of carrying gas on the sea bed at very great depths. At a depth of 2885 m between Algeria and Italy, Galsi will be the world s deepest subsea gas pipeline. Sardinia Algeria

A partnership between big names in energy SONATRACH 41,6% EDISON 20,8% ENEL PRODUZIONE 15,6% SFIRS 11,6% Galsi S.p.A. is a company formed in 2003 to design and build the Algeria - Italy Pipeline via Sardinia.

financial arm of the Sardinia Regional Authority. GRUPPO HERA 10,4% significant step forward in the development of the project occurred in A 2007.

6 A partnership between big names in energy SONATRACH 41,6% EDISON 20,8% ENEL PRODUZIONE 15,6% SFIRS 11,6% Galsi S.p.A. is a company formed in 2003 to design and build the Algeria - Italy Pipeline via Sardinia. The project involves some of the leading international and national energy companies commanding vast experience in the industry: Sonatrach, Edison, Enel and Hera Group and joined by SFIRS, the financial arm of the Sardinia Regional Authority. GRUPPO HERA 10,4% significant step forward in the development of the project occurred in A On 7 November at the Ministry of Economic Development Galsi signed a memorandum of agreement with Snam Rete Gas giving Italy s primary natural gas network the right to build, operate and own the Italian stretch of the pipeline. INTERNATIONAL ROUTE ITALIAN NATIONAL ROUTE

Securing a source of energy necessary to the country s progress Galsi s mission is to deliver a new source of supply of natural gas to Italian and European consumers contributing to the country s

7 Securing a source of energy necessary to the country s progress Galsi s mission is to deliver a new source of supply of natural gas to Italian and European consumers contributing to the country s economic development and prosperity and guaranteeing a secure energy resource. To complete the project Galsi brought together an international team of technicians and experts with extensive experience in subsea pipeline design and construction, adopting the very latest technologies and internationally recognised partners to guarantee maximum respect for safety and the environment. SOFREGAZ JP KENNY FUGRO GROUP D APPOLONIA FEED COMPRESSOR STATIONS AND MEASUREMENT AND REDUCTION SUBSTATIONS FRONT END ENGINEERING DESIGN (FEED) FOR THE OFFSHORE AND ONSHORE PIPELINES DETAILED MARINE SURVEY ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STUDY PROJECT CALENDAR FEED (onshore, offshore, facilities) detailed marine survey PERMITS AND AUTHORISATIONS FINAL INVESTMENT DECISION (FID) CONSTRUCTION START-UP GAS OPERATION (MAY 2012)

Maximum respect for the environment Galsi is extremely sensitive to the issue of environmental protection and has made every effort right from the design stage to identify the best possible solutions

8 Maximum respect for the environment Galsi is extremely sensitive to the issue of environmental protection and has made every effort right from the design stage to identify the best possible solutions to minimise interference between the infrastructure and the surrounding ecosystem and ensure harmonious coexistence. water depths up to 3000 m. The data and information collected were included in the Environmental Impact Study which Galsi will present to the authorities to demonstrate conformity of the works with the strictest environmental protection standards. Since 2004 Galsi has engaged specialist research institutes and companies to carry out environmental impact studies and seismic surveys of the sea bed to record the geomorphological / geological features and identify the optimal route for protection of the ecosystem. Five different vessels were used to trace the subsea route for the pipeline, equipped with the latest advanced technologies. These include an AUV (Autonomous Underwater Vehicle) used to collect high resolution seabed and sub bottom data in The pipeline s environmental impact will be reduced to a minimum, largely restricted to the duration of the construction phase and the immediate vicinity of the works. Offshore the pipe will be laid on the sea bed avoiding the need to dig trenches or interfere with the marine environment. In stretches close to the shore and for the entire length of the onshore line the pipe will be buried to leave the adjacent ecosystems entirely undisturbed. Once the construction and burial phases are complete, mitigation measures will be taken to fully restore the original natural habitat.

9 Ensuring harmonious coexistence between infrastructure and the ecosystem

10 The benefits that the new Galsi Pipeline will deliver were underlined by the respective governments, the international press and industry analysts: Galsi a strategic infrastructure direct, secure and economically competitive supply of A natural gas. The Algeria to Italy Pipeline via Sardinia is recognised as a strategic project by both countries and by the EU and enjoys the solid institutional backing of the two governments who signed an agreement to this effect in Alghero on 14 November 2007.»a more secure gas supply»a direct link between producer and consumer countries providing a more secure and economically competitive source of energy»the project will meet growing demand for natural gas in the EU in the face of falling production and reserves»it will bring natural gas to Sardinia, not currently supplied by the national network»it offers economic development opportunities to the regions through which the pipeline will pass»it contributes to a better environment by providing a cleaner source of energy. REINFORCEMENT OF EXISTING PIPELINES NEW PIPELINES NEW LIQUEFACTION TERMINALS NEW GASIFICATION FACILITIES Source: OME Observatoire Méditerranéen de l énergie

11 GAS MARKET EVOLUTION IN ITALY (bn M 3 /year) Source: A.T. Kearney Anayses on Ministero Attività Produttive, SRG data gas SUPPLY in EUROPE (EU27) (bn M 3 /year) Source: BP Statistical Review, IEA, EU, A.T. Kearney

How a subsea pipeline is realised 1The starting point is a study to verify the feasibility of the construction of the subsea pipeline which gathers documentary information and existing industry

2The preliminary engineering phase investigates a range of technical solutions (choice of diameter and thickness of the pipe, size of the compressor stations, etc.

12 How a subsea pipeline is realised 1The starting point is a study to verify the feasibility of the construction of the subsea pipeline which gathers documentary information and existing industry studies plus preliminary field investigations to confirm the research findings. 2The preliminary engineering phase investigates a range of technical solutions (choice of diameter and thickness of the pipe, size of the compressor stations, etc.) and carries out an economic assessment. It also involves a first general environmental impact study and a detailed marine survey to identify the best offshore route. The Pre-Feed findings are then used to decide which engineering solution to adopt before proceeding with the subsequent design phases. 3Following the Pre- Feed stage a more detailed marine survey is carried out to trace a subsea route for the pipeline. This involves geomorphological / geotechnical surveys of the sea bed using specialist vessels and equipment. The survey may also be included at the FEED stage depending on the complexity of the project. 4This is the basic project engineering phase which determines the optimal gas transportation solution. Feed generates the essential information required to call for the detail Engineering, Procurement, Installation and Construction contracts (EPIC). At this stage the engineering company is flanked by a team of Project Management specialists who coordinate the progress of the work. In parallel with FEED 5 further environmental impact studies are conducted to collect data on the environment through which the pipeline will pass and identify the best ways to minimise impact on the existing ecosystem. The results are compiled in the environmental impact study which the company presents to the competent authorities as a basis for obtaining the necessary construction permits. An illustrated dossier containing all details of the project must also be submitted to receive the required authorisations. Pre-FEED (Pre-Front End Detailed Marine Survey FEED (Front End Engineering Design) PERMITTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STUDY Engineering Design) FEASIBILITY STUDY

This phase defines all 6 the elements necessary for the construction of the pipeline, including engineering drawings and purchase specifications for the materials.

13 This phase defines all 6 the elements necessary for the construction of the pipeline, including engineering drawings and purchase specifications for the materials. It may be carried out by the company itself or by a subcontractor. 7The next step is the purchase of the materials required for the construction of the infrastructure (compressors, pipes, valves, etc.). This can also be carried out either by the company or subcontracted to the construction firm. 8The realisation phase begins with the laying of pipe and the construction of the compressor stations. 9In the final stage prior to operation the pipeline is fully cleaned, tested and filled with water. This serves to check the piping for eventual deformation. The pipe is also subject to hydraulic testing to verify that it can withstand the design pressure. The pipe is then emptied of water and desiccation is used to make sure that any remaining water does not exceed design limits. 10 The pipeline finally enters into operation and is filled with gas at the designated pressure. DETAIL ENGINEERING GAS INJECTION PROCUREMENT INSTALLATION AND CONSTRUCTION COMMISSIONING

Epoxy resin lining (to optimise gas flow) Polypropylene offshore and polyethylene onshore to protect the pipe from corrosive agents High resistance carbon steel (X70 offshore and X65 onshore) Gunite

14 Epoxy resin lining (to optimise gas flow) Polypropylene offshore and polyethylene onshore to protect the pipe from corrosive agents High resistance carbon steel (X70 offshore and X65 onshore) Gunite (reinforced concrete casing) used in shallower waters to stabilise the piping C H A R A C T E R I S T I C S O F T H E P I P E Galsi pipelaying methods 2 3 On the barge the 12 m The 24 m strings are pipes are welded into connected to the 24 m strings (double completed pipeline and joints). the weld joint covered with a polypropylene seam. S-Lay METHOD This method can be used both for pipelaying in shallow waters and up to depths of 3000 m. The pipe is welded horizontally and lowered into the sea supported by a curved pontoon structure known as a stinger which forms an elongated S. Image by courtesy of Allseas The pipe supported by the stinger is gradually lowered onto the sea floor as the lay barge advances meter pipe lengths are shipped to the mobile lay barge. In stretches closest to shore the pipeline is trenched. A special vehicle digs a trench into which the pipe is laid and then covered over.

Length 12 m 26 inches Algeria-Sardinia stretch 48 inches onshore Sardinia stretch 32 inches Sardinia-Tuscany stretch On the platform the pipes are centrally positioned and raise onto the welding

J-lay METHOD This system is used to lay pipelines at depths of between 400 and 3500 m.

15 Length 12 m 26 inches Algeria-Sardinia stretch 48 inches onshore Sardinia stretch 32 inches Sardinia-Tuscany stretch On the platform the pipes are centrally positioned and raise onto the welding tower to be connected to the completed section. Inside the tower the piping is aligned and arc welded. The weld is coated with a polypropylene seam to ensure a smooth covering of the joint. J-lay METHOD This system is used to lay pipelines at depths of between 400 and 3500 m. Here the pipe is welded in a vertical position and lowered onto the sea floor without the use of a support structure, thus forming a J shape. Pipe lengths are welded into 48 m strings (quadruple joints). The 48 m strings are shipped to the mobile lay platform. The pipe is dropped from the welding tower through an opening in the platform directly onto the sea floor as the platform advances to lay more pipe.

36.59.76.00 F. +39 02.36.59.76.06 info@galsi.

16 printed on recycled paper Galsi S.p.A. via san tomaso, Milano italy t F info@galsi.it

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