Mass$Timber$Building$Systems:$ Understanding$the$Op9ons$
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1 Mass$Timber$Building$Systems:$ Understanding$the$Op9ons$ Presented(on(May(11 th,(2016(by(bernhard(gafner( P.Eng.,(MIStructE,(C.Eng.,(Dipl.Ing.(FH/STV( ( Disclaimer: This presentation was developed by a third party and is not funded by WoodWorks or the Softwood Lumber Board.
2 The(Wood(Products(Council is( a(registered(provider(with(the( American(InsNtute(of(Architects( ConNnuing(EducaNon(Systems( (AIA/CES),(Provider(#G516.( (! Credit(s)(earned(on(compleNon( of(this(course(will(be(reported(to( AIA(CES(for(AIA(members.( CerNficates(of(CompleNon(for( both(aia(members(and(nontaia( members(are(available(upon( request.( ( ( This(course(is(registered(with( AIA(CES(for(conNnuing( professional(educanon.(as( such,(it(does(not(include( content(that(may(be(deemed( or(construed(to(be(an( approval(or(endorsement(by( the(aia(of(any(material(of( construcnon(or(any(method(or( manner(ovandling,(using,( distribunng,(or(dealing(in(any( material(or(product.( QuesNons(related(to(specific(materials,( methods,(and(services(will(be(addressed( at(the(conclusion(of(this(presentanon.( ( (
3 Course(DescripNon( Mass(Nmber(represents(a(rapidly(advancing(technology(that( can( be( unlized( as( an( alternanve( to( steel( and( concrete( to( frame( a( variety( of( midt( and( hightrise( building( types.( This( presentanon(provides(an(overview(of(available(mass(nmber( systems,( with( an( emphasis( on( their( advantages( and( unique( design( consideranons.( Topics( will( include( connecnons( and( fasteners,(which(differ(from(those(used(in(lighttframe(wood( construcnon,( including( available( opnons( and( code( requirements.(pracncal(design(consideranons(with(regard(to( project(locanon,(climate,(material(sourcing,(weather(and(fire( protecnon,( as( well( as( detailing( for( dimensional( variability,( will(also(be(reviewed.((
4 Learning(ObjecNves( 1) Discuss(mass(Nmber(products(and(building(systems( available(to(north(american(building(designers( 2) Compare(properNes(and(performance(characterisNcs(of( mass(nmber(products(and(review(unique(design( consideranons( 3) Examine(pracNcal(design(consideraNons(related(to(the(use( of(mass(nmber(systems(with(regard(to(project(locanon(and( climate,(sourcing(of(materials,(detailing(for(dimensional( variability,(assessing(connecnon(opnons,(and(evaluanng( cost(efficiency( 4) Evaluate(mass(Nmber(cost(esNmaNng(criteria(and(review( cost(data.((
5 ( Fast(+(Epp( ( ( (
6 + + Vancouver New York Frankfurt Edmonton Seattle
7 TAKE AWAY: KNOW YOUR PRODUCTS BUILD CONTEXT THEN START THE DESIGN
8 OVERVIEW CONTEXT DESIGN
9 OVERVIEW BUILDING SYSTEMS PRODUCTS SIZES
10 OVERVIEW BUILDING SYSTEMS PRODUCTS SIZES
11 LIGHT WOOD FRAME (STICK FRAME)
12 POST + BEAM (WITH MASS TIMBER OR LIGHT WOOD FRAME FLOORS)
13 MASS TIMBER (100%)
14 LIGHT WOOD FRAME POST + BEAM MASS TIMBER
15 LIGHT WOOD FRAME POST + BEAM MASS TIMBER Light Wood Frame MASS TIMBER FLOORS (AND SHEAR WALLS) MASS TIMBER WALLS AND FLOORS
16 LIGHT WOOD FRAME POST + BEAM MASS TIMBER Light Wood Frame LOTS OF VARIATIONS AND HYBRIDS ARE POSSIBLE MASS TIMBER FLOORS (AND SHEAR WALLS) MASS TIMBER WALLS AND FLOORS
17 CONCRETE LIGHT WOOD FRAME MASONRY STRUCTURAL STEEL
18 CONCRETE LIGHT WOOD FRAME MASS TIMBER MASONRY STRUCTURAL STEEL
19 MASS TIMBER CAN BE USED AS ALTERNATIVES TO CONCRETE, MASONRY AND STEEL IN MANY BUILDING TYPES
20 SPEED 25% FASTER Compared to Concrete, based on our experience
21 CONSTRUCTION TRAFFIC 90% LESS Compared to Concrete, based on our experience
22 DECK LABOR 75% LESS Compared to Concrete, based on our experience
23 SITE NOISE Compared to Concrete, based on our experience
24 OVERVIEW BUILDING SYSTEMS PRODUCTS SIZES
25
26
27 NLT Nail Laminated Timber
28 NLT Alternative Names: nailed timber, nail-up, edge-lam, brettstapel System: regular framing members (2x, 3x) on edge + fastened together Suppliers: a good carpenter Basic Info: S-P-F / Douglas Fir or any other Floor, roof (and wall) with Plywood sheathing for lateral loads
29 NLT Comments:! Non-standardized panel system but base material covered with grading rules
30
31
32 NLT Comments:! Non-standardized panel system but base material covered with grading rules! Specifications
33
34 NLT Comments:! Non-standardized panel system but base material covered with grading rules! Specifications! Requires care with regards to swelling / shrinkage perpendicular to grain
35 NLT
36 SFU UNIVERCITY CHILDCARE, BURNABY, BC
37
38 MOUNTAIN EQUIPMENT CO-OP, VANCOUVER, BC
39
40
41 GLT Glue Laminated Timber
42 GLT GLT Alternative Names: glued edge laminated timber, edge laminated timber, edge-lam System: glulam beams on edge Suppliers: any glulam supplier Basic Info: S-P-F / D. Fir / Black Spruce / Adhesive: Phenol Resorcinol (black) or Melamine (clear) Adhesive amount: 1% by weight Floor, roof (and wall) with Plywood sheathing for lateral loads
43 GLT GLT Comments:! Standardized product
44 GLT GLT Comments:! Standardized product! Requires care with regards to swelling / shrinkage perpendicular to grain
45 GLT GLT
46 GLT GLT Comments:! Standardized product! Requires care with regards to swelling / shrinkage perpendicular to grain! Glulam beam GLT
47 GLT GLT
48 GLT GLT
49 GLT GLT
50 KIN CENTRE ARENA COMPLEX, PRINCE GEORGE, BC
51
52
53 MOSAIC CENTRE, EDMONTON, BC
54
55
56 CLT Cross Laminated Timber
57 CLT CLT Alternative Names: cross laminated timber, x-lam System: cross laminated timber panels " 2x members glued together Suppliers: Structurlam (Penticton, BC), Nordic (Montreal, QC), Smartlam (Whitefish, MT), DR Johnson (Riddle, OR), European Suppliers Basic Info: S-P-F / Black Spruce / Adhesive: Polyurethane Adhesive amount: 4% by weight Floor, roof and wall with joints detailed for lateral loads
58 CLT CLT Comments:! Standardized product
59 CLT CLT Comments:! Standardized product! Dimensionally very stable
60 CLT
61 CLT Comments:! Standardized product! Dimensionally very stable! Two directional span capabilities
62 CLT
63 UHNBC LEARNING & DEVELOPMENT CENTRE, PRINCE GEORGE, BC
64
65
66
67
68
69
70 UBC STUDENT RESIDENCE, VANCOUVER, BC
71
72
73
74
75 SCL - LSL Laminated Strand Lumber
76 Solid LSL LSL Alternative Names: System: n/a laminated strand lumber (timber strands glued together) Suppliers: Weyerhaeuser*, Louisiana Pacific, Basic Info*: Material/fibre: Aspen Harvesting cycle: 60 to 70 years Adhesive: MDI - Isocyante Adhesive amount: 6% by weight Floor, roof and wall with joints detailed for lateral loads (limited thicknesses!)
77 Solid LSL LSL Comments:! Standardized product
78 Solid LSL LSL Comments:! Standardized product! Dimensionally stable in plan, sensitive to moisture in its thickness
79 Solid LSL
80 GILMORE SKYTRAIN STATION, BURNABY, BC
81
82 GUILDFORD RECREATION CENTRE, SURREY, BC
83
84
85
86
87 GUILDFORD RECREATION CENTRE, SURREY, BC
88 SCL - LVL Laminated Veneer Lumber
89 Solid LVL LVL Alternative Names: System: together) Microlam, Versalam laminated veneer lumber (veneers stacked & glued Suppliers: Louisianan Pacific*, Weyerhaeuser, Boise Cascade, West Fraser, Metsawood, Basic Info*: Material/fibre: D. Fir Harvesting cycle: 80 years Adhesive: Phenol Formaldehyde Adhesive amount: 7% by weight Floor, roof and wall with joints detailed for lateral loads (limited thicknesses!)
90 Solid LVL LVL Comments:! Standardized product
91 Solid LVL LVL Comments:! Standardized product! Dimensionally stable in plan (can even add cross layers), sensitive to moisture in its thickness
92 Solid LVL
93 Solid PARASOL, LVL SEVILLA, SPAIN
94 SCL - SECONDARY LAMINATED LVL
95 Brisco SECONDARY Fine Line LAMINATED LVL LVL Alternative Names: System: N/A laminated veneer lumber (veneers stacked & glued together) Suppliers: Brisco Basic Info: Material/fibre: D. Fir Harvesting cycle: 80 years Adhesive: Phenol Formaldehyde Adhesive amount: 7% by weight Floor, roof and wall with joints detailed for lateral loads
96 Brisco SECONDARY Fine Line LAMINATED LVL LVL Comments:! Standardized product
97 Brisco SECONDARY Fine Line LAMINATED LVL LVL Comments:! Standardized product! Dimensionally sensitive in plan, stable in its thickness. Requires care with regards to swelling / shrinkage perpendicular to grain
98
99
100
101
102 WCC Wood Concrete - Composite
103 WCC WCC Alternative Names: Timber Concrete Composite System: Solid wood panel at bottom, concrete over top (acting as one unit) Base layer can be nearly any solid wood panel Connector supplied by wood panel supplier or general contractor Free, stiff and strong diaphragm
104 OVERVIEW BUILDING SYSTEMS PRODUCTS SIZES
105 THICKNESS
106 WIDTH
107 LENGTH
108 LENGTH 16m((50 )(to( 20m((66 )(basic( transportanon( length(
109 OVERVIEW CONTEXT DESIGN
110 CONTEXT The set of circumstances or facts that surround a particular event, situation, etc
111 CONTEXT collecting and connecting the dots
112 COLLECTING THE DOTS
113 CLIENT & DESIGN TEAM
114 PROCUREMENT
115 FUNDING
116 PARTNER
117 SIZE OF A PROJECT
118 LOCATION
119 CLIMATE
120 CAPACITY & CAPABILTY
121 AVAILABILTY
122 TOLERANCES
123 TOLERANCE
124 CONNECTING THE DOTS
125 THAT IS WHERE THE DESIGN WORK BEGINS
126 OVERVIEW CONTEXT DESIGN
127 SYSTEM AND MATERIAL APPROPRIATE DESIGN
128 IDEAL WORLD = DECIDE EARLY
129 PRODUCT & SIZES
130 FIRE
131 ! In general, all products have a similar nominal char rate
132 ! In general, all products have a similar nominal char rate! Approximately 1 ½ 1 ¾ / 60 minutes
133 ! In general, all products have a similar nominal char rate! Approximately 1 ½ 1 ¾ / 60 minutes! Be careful with CLT if required rating is between 45 and 90 minutes " Most of the time it s not a problem for panels with 5+ layers
134 Fire
135 Fire
136 Fire
137 DEPTH Design is mostly governed by DEFLECTION (stiffness) and / or VIBRATION
138 20 FLOOR SPAN FLOOR SPAN FLOOR SPAN 4 6
139 MOVEMENT SHRINKAGE SWELLING
140 NLT, GLT 0.25% change in dimension for each 1% change in moisture content
141 Practical Considerations WEATHER PROTECTION STRATEGY
142 30 PICKS / DAY CRANE
143 CONNECTIONS
144
145
146 SECONDARY IMPACTS AKA COST DIFFERENCE TO OTHER BUILDING SYSTEMS
147 BIM
148 BIM! CNC fabrication requires 3-D files
149 BIM! CNC fabrication requires 3-D files! Architectural 3-D models (REVIT) are not always compatible with fabrication models
150 BIM! CNC fabrication requires 3-D files! Architectural 3-D models (REVIT) are not always compatible with fabrication models! 3-D shop drawing model including connections
151
152 CONCEPT App # Idea calculator for architects # Member calculator # Material gallery
153 DEPTH CALCULATOR
154 MATERIAL GALLERY
155
156 SUMMARY: KNOW YOUR PRODUCTS BUILD CONTEXT THEN START THE DESIGN
157 QUESTIONS?$ Send(me(an( (to(receive(a( comprehensive(mass(timber( overview( (( This(concludes(The(American( InsNtute(of(Architects(ConNnuing( EducaNon(Systems(Course( Bernhard$Gafner$ Fast+Epp(Structural(Engineers(
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