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1 Dr. Mahalingam College of Engineering and Technology, Pollachi. (An Autonomous Institution affiliated to Anna University) Regulation 2014 Fourth Semester Electrical and Electronics Engineering 141EE Electronic Circuits UNIT - I PART A 1. Switching regulators are series type regulators, which has power dissipation and efficiency. (A) increased, increased (B) increased, reduced (C) reduced, increased (D) reduced, reduced 2. Which one of the following acts as an energy store in a DC to DC Converter? (A) The inductor. (B) The high frequency switching transistor. (C) The load. (D) The flywheel diode. A rectifier is a (A) Bilateral device (B) Linear device (C) Non-linear device (D) Passive device. 3. The mean value of half wave rectified sine wave is (A) im (B) 0.66 im (C) 0.5 im (D) im. 4. For full-wave rectified sine wave, rms value is
2 (A) im (B) im (C)0.5 im (D) im. 5. For full-wave rectified sine wave, form factor is (A) 1.5 (B) 1.41 (C) 1.28 (D) A half-wave rectifier circuit with a capacitive filter is connected to a 200 volts, 50 Hz ac line. The output voltage across the capacitor should be approximately (A) 300 volts (B) 280 volts (C) 180 volts (D) 80 volts. 7. The ripple factor of a full-wave rectifier circuit compared to that of a half wave rectifier circuit without filter is (A) half of that for a half 'wave rectifier (B) less than half that for a half-wave rectifier circuit (C) equal to that of a half wave rectifier. (D) none of the above. 8. The RMS value of a half wave rectifier current is 10 A. Its value for full wave rectification would be (A) 10 A (B) A (C) (20/π) A (D) 20 A. 9. Peak inverse voltage for a diode is the (A) voltage corresponding to rated maximum voltage (B) maximum voltage that can be applied across the diode in the conducting direction (C) maximum voltage that can be applied across the diode in the non-conducting direction (D) none of the above.
3 10. When voltage applied to a diode is more than PIV, it is likely to result in (A) More distortion on output side (B) Poor regulation (C) Conduction in both direction (D) Breakdown at the junction. 11. PIV of a diode is usually (A) Half the dc voltage (B) Same as dc voltage (C) Twice the dc output voltage (D) Hundred times the dc output voltage. 12. Percentage change in the output voltage for a given change in input voltage is the Line regulation. 13.Voltage-divider bias provides (A) an unstable Q point (B) a Q point that easily varies with changes in the transistor's current gain (C) a stable Q point (D)a Q point that is stable and easily varies with changes in the transistor s current gain 14.Peak inverse voltage for a diode is the (A) voltage corresponding to rated maximum voltage (B) maximum voltage that can be applied across the diode in the conducting direction (C) maximum voltage that can be applied across the diode in the non-conducting direction (D)None of the above. 15.The maximum efficiency of a full wave rectifier is (A) 40.6% (B) 81.2% (C) 100% (D)25% 16.What is the operating point in the characteristic curve called? (A) Quiescent point (B) Load point (C) Biasing point (D)Saturation point 17.The circuit that provides the best stabilization of operating point is (A) Base resistor bias
4 (B) Collector feedback bias (C) Potential divider bias (D)None of the above 18. In an unregulated power supply, if load current increases, the output voltage.. (A) Remains the same (B) Decreases (C) Increases 19. In an unregulated power supply, if input a.c. voltage increases, the output voltage. (A) Increases (B) Decreases (C) Remains the same 20. Commercial power supplies have voltage regulation. (A) of 10% (B) of 15% (C) of 25% (D) within 1% 21. A Zener diode utilises characteristic for voltage regulation (A) Forward (B) Reverse (C) Both forward and reverse 22. Zener diode can be used as (A) D.c voltage regulator only (B) A.c voltage regulator only (C) both d.c. and a.c. voltage regulator (D) none of the above 23. A Zener diode is used as a voltage regulating device (A) Shunt (B) Series (C) Series-shunt
5 1. What is a rectifier? PART - B A rectifier is a device which converts alternating current (or voltage) into uni-directional current (or voltage). 2. What is PIV of a diode in a rectifier circuit? Peak Inverse Voltage (PIV) is the maximum possible voltage that occurs across a diode when it is reverse biased. 3. Why half wave rectifiers are generally not used in dc power supply? supply. The type of supply available from half wave rectifier is not satisfactory for general power 4. Explain why diodes are not operated in the breakdown region in rectifiers? In breakdown region, a diode has a risk of getting damaged or burnt because the magnitude of current flowing through it increases in an uncontrollable manner. 5. Define ripple as referred to in a rectifier circuit. The ac component contained in the pulsating output of a rectifier is known as ripple. 6. What is transformer utilization factor? Transformer utilization factor is defined as the ratio of power delivered to the load and ac rating of secondary of supply power transformer. 7. What is meant by filter? Filter is a device that converts pulsating output of rectifier into a steady dc level. 8. Compare centre tapped full wave rectifier and bridge rectifier. The differences between center tapped full wave rectifier and bridge rectifier Parameters Center tapped full wave rectifier Bridge rectifier Number of diodes 2 4 Maximum efficiency 81.2% 81.2% Peak inverse voltage 2Vm Vm Vdc(no load) 2Vm/π 2Vm/π Transformer utilization factor Ripple factor Form factor Peak factor 2 2 Average current Idc/2 Idc/2 Output frequency 2f 2f 9. Differentiate line and load regulation. Line regulation Load regulation
6 Line regulation is a measure of the ability of the power supply to Load regulation is a measure of maintain its output voltage given changes in the input line the ability of an output channel voltage. Line regulation is expressed as percent of change in the to remain constant given output voltage relative to the change in the input line voltage. changes in the load. 10. For a transistor amplifier with base bias, Vcc = 12 V, Rc = 8 kω and R L = 10 kω. Draw the DC load line and hence find the operating point of the transistor. 11. Draw the block diagram of SMPS. PART - C 1. With a neat sketch explain the construction and operation of full wave bridge rectifier. 2. A 230 V, 50 Hz voltage is applied to the primary of a 4:1 step-down transformer used in a fullwave bridge rectifier having a load of 600Ω. Assuming the diode be ideal, determine (a) d.c. output voltage, (b) d.c. power delivered to the load, (c) PIV and (d) output frequency. 3. Derive an expression for ripple factor in a full wave rectifier using a shunt capacitive filter. 4. With a neat block diagram explain in detail about Switch Mode Power Supplies and list few of its applications.
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