Human Factors lab. Office National d Études et de Recherches Aérospatiales

Transcription

1 1 Human Factors lab Office National d Études et de Recherches Aérospatiales

2 2 ONERA = Office National d Études et Recherches Aérospatiales The French Aerospace Research Center, created in 1946 ONERA research centers : Châtillon, Palaiseau, Meudon Toulouse, Fauga-Mauzac Lille, Modane-Avrieux, Salon de Provence Industrial partners Large wind tunnels Governmental partners INTA Thales ESA Snecma Dassault SAGEM SUPAERO CNES Astrium CNRT CNRS INRETS SNPE UVHC CNRS MBDA Alcatel Space CEPr Airbus CEAT EADS EU Dassault DPAC CNRS, UPS CNES Eurocontrol DGA NLR Human Factors Thales Snecma ECL ETW Flight Test Center Air Force Academy Eurocopter Dassault DLR FOI CIRA

3 3 The Human Factors project Created in 1998 at DCSD Formal Approaches of Human Factors for Flight Safety and Performance. ~ 6 researchers (4 scientists, 2 PhD) ~ 10 publications/year, ~ 10 reports/year 1 simulation lab.: LIPS Formal models and techniques (AI..) Teaching (SUPAERO, UPS, EA, ENSTA )

4 4 The HF team Thierry COYE de BRUNELIS (Onéra) Patrick LE BLAYE Nicolas MAILLE Dr Research scientists PhD students Pascale BONNET Laurent chaudron Dr, HDR Florian CONSTANS (CDIN, Airbus)

5 5 HF research context Specialities Formal Models Activity (CUBES) Analysis (Galois Lattices) Experiments Solutions Simulations On the field Micro-worlds Publishing Teaching Partners International NASA EC AEREA Airlines National DGA DGAC IMASSA Air Force Airbus Thalès Regional Universities Supaéro, EA Inserm Midi-Pyrénés Projects (1) Lessons learned REX-ASV Uname MoU Nasa/Onera (2) Pro-active Assistance GHOST PAUSA PAVE PIROL FlySafe (3) Evaluation, HCI SEFA HUD LIPS Venus

6 6 HF research context Specialities Formal Models Activity (CUBES) Analysis (Galois Lattices) Experiments Solutions Simulations On the field Micro-worlds Publishing Teaching Partners International NASA EC AEREA Airlines National DGA DGAC IMASSA Air Force Airbus Thalès What Why Regional Universities Supaéro, EA Inserm Midi-Pyrénés Projects (1) Lessons learned REX-ASV Uname MoU Nasa/Onera (2) Pro-active Assistance GHOST PAUSA PAVE PIROL FlySafe (3) Evaluation, HCI SEFA HUD LIPS Venus

7 7 HF research context Specialities Formal Models Activity (CUBES) Analysis (Galois Lattices) Experiments Solutions Simulations On the field Micro-worlds Publishing Teaching Partners International NASA EC AEREA Airlines National DGA DGAC IMASSA Air Force Airbus Thalès What Why How Regional Universities Supaéro, EA Inserm Midi-Pyrénés Projects (1) Lessons learned REX-ASV Uname MoU Nasa/Onera (2) Pro-active Assistance GHOST PAUSA PAVE PIROL FlySafe (3) Evaluation, HCI SEFA HUD LIPS Venus

8 8 HF research at Onera Aero-questions? Green Amber Red equipments procedures training Improve safety & efficiency Experiment solutions! Activity Modelling Activity Tracking Deviations Detection Definition of pro- and counter-measures Events analysis

9 9 Lessons learned: REX-ASV and UNAME Military or Civil Flights FDR Two flows of data for flight safety: - flight data recorders (and analysis) - reporting means (and analysis) Flight parameters Events reports OBSERVABLE data (but:heterogeneous) The question is: How to ASSESS: the WHAT? The WHY? Today Drawbacks: partial assessment of the «What?» difficulties to automate the «Why» mining differences between civil and military difficulties to merge FDR and Reports

10 10 Lessons learned: REX-ASV > 1999 : State of the Art (DGA funding) > 2003 : Formal model of activity (Onera funding) > 2006 : Experiments in the Field (Nancy, Creil), prototypes «What s that?!? 10 m to WP 4?» «- mm yes.» «- well airbrakes.» «-..was looking at something else, sorry» Descriptive Model of Activity (math based on the CUBES lattice) Chaudron & Maille, 2003 restricted model of deviations Partial matching: ACTIVITY PARAMETERS Sub-representation and analysis of deviations (~ Airfase, APMS ) IMASSA

11 11 Lessons learned: UNAME UNified Analysis of ofmajor aeronautical Events vs APMS Flight data Events LOAS reports Kontex Complementarities of the tools New functionalities Global Analysis Context parameters

12 12 Pro-Active Assistance: the GHOST project > 2001 : Studies on Conflicts (Chaudron & Tessier) > 2004 : Master and PhD Pilot Conflicts (F. Dehais) 2002: identification of focal problem: Perseveration Syndrom Without countermeasures -> representation, -> tracking -> detection, -> prediction,.. -> Counter-measures! avoid accident with GHOST : Pilot 1 Pilot 2 Pilot 3 Pilot 4 Pilot 5 Pilot 6 Pilot 7 Pilot 8 Cause 40% of casualties in aero accidents (BEA 2002) 1) «Perseverogen» Missions 2) Pilot Activity Tracking 4) Countermeasures!! crash crash incident lndg incident lndg crash incident lndg crash crash With countermeasures Pilot 9 Pilot 10 Pilot 11 Pilot 12 Pilot 13 Pilot14 Pilot 15 Pilot 16 Pilot 17 Pilot 18 incident lndg 3) Conflicts Identification

13 13 Performance of the Human Operator : the VENUS project > : Thesis on Cognitive Performance (Laurent BAYSSIE) 2001: «Bourget 01, Noise/Brain/Annoyance»Experiment 2004 : Complexity <-> Performance in cockpits reasoning perception Task difficulty = complexity / time memory action Performance level = % success / reaction Results (Venus ): simpler data in the cockpit may be worse!! Inadequate data in the cockpit Contribute to 70% of major aeronautical events (Nasa 2000) Performance Eucalepic effect Task Difficulty

14 14 LIPS : a Laboratory for Pilot-System Interaction studies An open and flexible human-in-theloop simulation environment Several pilots & copilots, one observer / controller position Scenarios involving autonomous and/or controlled aircraft Scene visualization, head up and head down displays Several models available : transport & fighter a/c, rotorcraft, sensors,... Simulation recording for analysis PC based, distributed architecture

15 15 Involvement in European projects SEFA SEFA ( ) Sound Engineering For Aircraft Formal analysis of the relationships between actual aircraft noises and their perception by the inhabitants Uses Galois lattices (ONERA methodology) FLY AFE FLYSAFE (5 years Integrated Project) : New Generation Integrated Surveillance System facing weather, traffic & terrain hazards ONERA involved in Intelligent Crew Support, Strategic Data Consolidation and System Safety Assessment

16 16 HF at ONERA... Looking forward to meet you in the Onera HF Lab. of Salon-de-Provence!...