Fabrication and testing of a centrifugal pump

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Norman Rodgers
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1 Fabrication and testing of a centrifugal pump

2 DISCLAIMER The content of this presentation is for informational purposes only and is intended only for students attending Portland State University. The author of this information does not make any claims as to the validity or accuracy of the information or methods presented. The procedures demonstrated here are potentially dangerous and could result in injury or damage. Portland State University and the State of Oregon, their officers, employees, agents or volunteers, are not liable or responsible for any injuries, illness, damage or losses which may result from your using the materials or ideas, or from your performing the experiments or procedures depicted in this presentation. If you do not agree, then do not view this content. 2

3 Examples of Centrifugal Pumps 3

4 Examples of Impellers 4

5 mostly involves drilling holes Pump fabrication teams of two students 5

Raw Materials PVC = polyvinyl chloride PVC is made

hydrogen and chlorine side groups Ultra-Machinable

Bronze is primarily an alloy of copper and tin.

6 Raw Materials PVC = polyvinyl chloride PVC is made of long chain molecules with a carbon backbone and hydrogen and chlorine side groups Ultra-Machinable High-Strength Bearing-Grade Bronze (Alloy 544) Bronze is primarily an alloy of copper and tin. This bronze contains lead, making it easier to machine. 6

Parts and Materials Required for Pump McMaster-Carr 2" x 2" PVC gray square bar (type 1, cut 0.9" long) McMaster-Carr 1/2" thick blue tint PVC sheet (type 1, cut into 2" x 2" squares) McMaster-Carr 1.

7 Parts and Materials Required for Pump McMaster-Carr 2" x 2" PVC gray square bar (type 1, cut 0.9" long) McMaster-Carr 1/2" thick blue tint PVC sheet (type 1, cut into 2" x 2" squares) McMaster-Carr 1.6 mm wide, 2.2 mm ID o-ring (viton) McMaster-Carr 1 1/16" ID x 1 1/4 OD o-ring with 3/32" width McMaster-Carr PVC clear unreinforced tubing, 3/16" ID, 5/16" OD, 67A (soft), 45 psi McMaster-Carr nylon barbed tube fitting, 3/16" tube ID, 1/8 NPT male pipe, shite McMaster-Carr #6 sheet metal screws, 1" long, pan head, phillips, zinc plated McMaster-Carr Ultra-machinable bearing grade 5/16" dia. bronze rod, alloy 544 Walmart 8" cable ties (~0.095" wide) Jameco Electronics 9-30V, 0.35A,4930 rpm,44.5 g-cm DC motor (shaft: 0.090" OD & 0.45" long) 7

8 faceplate impeller (your own design) SolidWorks models pump body other parts & pump assembly 8

impeller cavity in pump body Impeller must fit in pump

fit.09 inside radius of impeller cavity is 0.

05 inch clearance the target depth of the impeller cavity

impeller will rub on the face plate making a little

9 impeller cavity in pump body Impeller must fit in pump body slightly smaller than motor shaft to allow a press fit.09 inside radius of impeller cavity is 0.50 inch; making the impeller radius 0.45 inch leaves a 0.05 inch clearance the target depth of the impeller cavity is 0.5 inches; if this dimension is too large, the impeller will rub on the face plate making a little offset here keeps the impeller from rubbing against the bottom of the impeller cavity 9

10 Pump fabrication mostly involves drilling holes 10

The operations below are performed by University technicians (do

Rip the PVC sheet into 2 inch wide strips using a table saw.

plate using a chop saw. 2. Saw the 2 inch x 2 inch PVC rod into a 0.

11 The operations below are performed by University technicians (do not do this yourself). 1. Rip the PVC sheet into 2 inch wide strips using a table saw. Then, chop these strips into 2 inch long segments for the pump face plate using a chop saw. 2. Saw the 2 inch x 2 inch PVC rod into a 0.9 inch long segment for the pump body using a chop saw. raw materials table saw chop saw materials after cutting 11

12 Bushing and Seal: University technicians have fabricated a bushing and seal to prevent your pump from leaking around the DC motor shaft. The seal is made from a bearing grade bronze rod and a small o-ring. The bronze rod is prepared using a lathe. lathe STEP 1: bevel bronze rod STEP 2: center drilling with #42 bit STEP 3: make o-ring seat with 13/64 end mill STEP 4: parting bronze rod STEP 5: glue in o-ring finished bushing / seal 12

13 Pump fabricated. Let s test it. 13

14 Pump testing See how high your pump can pump water Measure electrical current and voltage as well as the mass of water collected at several more heights (or pump heads) up to a maximum of 72 inches Generate a plot of pump head versus flow rate Generate a plot of pump efficiency versus pump head h = head m = mass of water collected head or height that water is pumped (in) electrical current needed to power pump (A) voltage across pump leads (V) length of time, Δt, that water is collected (s) height 1 20 height 2 45 height 8 (or more) 35 mass of water collected over Δt (g) 14

What to turn in 1. A title page 2. A concise, well-written executive summary that includes... a. A couple of introductory sentences describing the project b.

The peak efficiency (%) and the head (meters) at which the peak efficiency occurs 3. Photos of you and your partner(s) during pump fabrication and testing 4.

A detailed hand calculation using engineering format showing all calculations for a data point in your Excel spreadsheet (include units!!) 6.

15 What to turn in 1. A title page 2. A concise, well-written executive summary that includes... a. A couple of introductory sentences describing the project b. The maximum pump head (meters) c. The peak flow rate (liters per minute) d. Typical voltage (V) and current measurements (A) e. The peak efficiency (%) and the head (meters) at which the peak efficiency occurs 3. Photos of you and your partner(s) during pump fabrication and testing 4. Your Excel spreadsheet containing the raw data and computed values: 5. A detailed hand calculation using engineering format showing all calculations for a data point in your Excel spreadsheet (include units!!) 6. A plot of pump head versus (meters) flow rate (liters per minute) 7. A plot of pump efficiency (%) versus pump head (meters) Be sure to put the items in the order listed (1, 2, 3,... 7) and do a clean job of presenting your work. A good part of your grade will be based on how well your executive summary is written. Don t forget to use units in your table, calculations and plots. 15

Fabrication of a Centrifugal Pump

Fabrication of a Centrifugal Pump DISCLAIMER The content of this presentation is for informational purposes only and is intended only for students attending Louisiana Tech University. The author of this