GETTING THE DRAWING ON PAPER

Transcription

1 Vectrwrks Reference Sheets 7.1 GETTING THE DRAWING ON PAPER OVERVIEW GETTING THE DRAWING ON PAPER Determining the paper size yu need t print a design is directly related t deciding the scale at which yu want t print. Depending n the decisin made fr ne parameter (scale r paper size), yu will need t adjust the ther accrdingly. This is cmpletely analgus t a paper prcess. Vectrwrks prvides flexibility fr printing yur landscape designs, and assumes that mst peple will want t print draft cpies f sme r all f a design n a desktp printer befre printing final large-frmat utput. Since few landscape designs printed at a typical scale (eighth-inch r quarter-inch) will actually fit n lettersized paper, Vectrwrks allws yu t specify that yur draft utput be tiled acrss multiple sheets f paper. OBTAINING DRAFT OUTPUT These instructins assume yur prperty wn t fit n a single piece f letter-sized paper. 1. Start a new drawing and set yur layer scale t 1/8 = 1-0 (r, anther scale if yu prefer). a. Befre yu supply any page r print settings, Vectrwrks autmatically checks yur cmputer s default printer, default paper size and default paper rientatin. The printable area fr yur drawing, delineated by a grey utline, is autmatically set t a single page the size and rientatin f yur cmputer s print defaults. 2. Draw yur client s prperty bundary (r trace it frm an imprted scan). Since yu haven t yet set up any page/print parameters, the prperty may r may nt fit within the current printable area. 3. Once yu see hw big yur prperty bundary is in relatin t the current print area, yu ll be able t judge apprximately hw much larger the printable area will need t be t accmmdate yur entire drawing at the current drawing scale. 4. G t File Page Setup. Yu will see the Page Setup dialg. a. First, take a lk at the width & height fr yur current Printable Area. It s mst likely set t the dimensins f a letter-sized sheet f paper, allwing fr printer margins. T the left, the number f pages (sheets f paper) shuld read Hrizntal=1, Vertical=1. b. T change the printer, paper size, and/r paper rientatin, click the Printer Setup buttn n the Page Setup dialg, and select the apprpriate parameters in the Printer Setup dialg. Click OK t return t Page Setup. NOTE: Macintsh users must visit the Macintsh System Preferences t select a different printer. Yu cannt d this inside Vectrwrks. c. When yu return frm Print Setup, yu can set the size f the printable area in a cuple f ways. i. Using the left-hand side f the dialg, type in the number f pages acrss and dwn that yu want. This is based n the paper size & rientatin yu selected in Printer Setup. ii. Or, use the drpdwn labeled Chse size unavailable in printer setup. This functin used t create prblems, but appears t have been fixed since release VW See sme further discussin under Sme Imprtant Precautins belw.

2 Vectrwrks Reference Sheets 7.2 GETTING THE DRAWING ON PAPER iii. Or, if the size yu want is nt listed in the drpdwn, type in the dimensins (width and height in inches) f the printable area. iv. If yu type in the dimensins yu want, VW will recalculate the number f hrizntal & vertical pages (i.e. sheets f paper f the size yu selected) required in rder t tile yur entire drawing acrss thse sheets f paper. d. Select bth Shw Page Bundary and Shw Page Breaks s yu can judge the results. 5. After yu ve finished with Page Setup, return t the drawing. Yu may need t zm ut, but shuld be able t see hw yur drawing will be tiled acrss several sheets f paper, and whether yu ve allwed enugh rm. 6. If yu need t repsitin yur print area ver yur drawing bjects, yu can use the Mve Page Tl, stacked under the Pan Tl n the Basic Palette. 7. If the printable area still needs adjusting, return t File Page Setup and repeat step 4c (and pssibly repeat step 4b first if a different page rientatin is needed). OBTAINING FINAL OUTPUT T btain final presentatin drawings and cnstructin drawings, yu ll first set up Sheet Layers and Viewprts f yur design fr the varius sheets needed in yur drawing set. See VW Reference Sheets, Ch.7 Sheet Layers & Viewprts fr details n hw t d this. Additinally, unless yu have yur wn large frmat printer, yu will t exprt yur final sheets t PDF s that the printable PDF file(s) can be sent t any print service. The steps fr setting up Sheet Layers fr printing are almst identical t the steps utlined abve, except that each Sheet Layer has its wn Page and Printer Setup. If yu are exprting t PDF, see the next sectin. T set up a Sheet Layer fr yur wn large frmat printer, g t File Page Setup and then immediately t Printer Setup. Select yur large frmat printer and the paper size/rientatin yu want t use. Then, when yu return t Page Setup, set the pages t Hrizntal=1 and Vertical=1 s that VW uses just ne sheet f paper. Yu can visually check the fit when yu return t yur sheet layer. Exprting t PDF: Generally, the simplest way t btain large frmat prints f yur wrk is t use the Exprt t PDF r Publish features included in the Design Series mdules. Yu must switch t a Design Series Wrkspace (any wrkspace except Fundamentals) t use these features. Once yu have exprted a sheet layer t a PDF file, yu ll be able t submit that file t nearly any print service fr printing. Fr prtability, Vectrwrks imbeds yur fnts within the PDF. Prcess fr Exprting PDF Files fr Printing: 1. Set up yur drawing as yu wuld nrmally. By nw, yu shuld have already determined a gd paper size fr yur final utput. 2. Create a single Sheet Layer, and set its printable area t the paper size yu want using step 4.c in the Obtaining Draft Output sectin abve. Yu dn t need t mdify yur printer settings.

3 Vectrwrks Reference Sheets 7.3 GETTING THE DRAWING ON PAPER 3. Duplicate the sheet layer enugh times t create the additinal sheets yu need fr yur printed set. This will duplicate yur page/print setup. a. T save even mre time, befre duplicating yur first sheet layer, add yur basic title blck, lg, nrth arrw, and anything else yu ll need n each sheet yu print. Obviusly, the cntents f the title blck will vary slightly frm sheet t sheet, s yu ll need t g back and edit the text t make thse changes. 4. Add yur viewprts, labels, titles, scale bars, etc. t the varius sheets as apprpriate. a. Yu may nt knw the exact print margins required fr the device yu re ging t. It s always a gd idea t psitin yur bjects with a bit f breathing rm t make sure nthing gets cut ff. If yu have yur wn printer, yu can test this. If yu re ging t a service, be mre cnservative. 5. When yu are ready t create yur PDF file(s), first make sure yu are in ne f the Design Series Wrkspaces; if nt, yu ll need t switch wrkspaces (anything except Fundamentals). 6. G t File Exprt Exprt PDF OR File Exprt Exprt PDF (batch) a. If yu use the Exprt PDF functin, yu can create a PDF file f whatever design layer(s) r sheet layer yu are currently viewing. Vectrwrks will give yu a dialg bx where yu can change varius settings, thugh the defaults generally wrk well. If yu want t experiment with ther settings, cnsult the Vectrwrks dcumentatin fr further infrmatin. i. CAUTION: Make sure yu use the setting Exprt the whle printable area as ne page. Otherwise yur utput will get tiled acrss smaller PDF pages, just as thugh it were draft utput ging t yur desktp printer. b. If yu use the Exprt PDF (batch) functin, first select which sheet layers (and/r saved views) yu want exprted t PDF, and then tell Vectrwrks whether t put all the utput in the same file r in separate files. After yu select what yu want exprted, yu ll see the same settings dialg as in the step abve. i. CAUTION: Althugh nt typical, if yu have sheet layers f varying paper sizes, then yu shuld exprt each sheet layer t its wn separate PDF file s there is n cnfusin when yu send them fr printing. c. When prmpted, be sure t give each PDF file a meaningful name, and stre it in a meaningful lcatin. 7. Once yur sheets have been exprted, review them carefully t make sure yu have what yu expected. Yu may need t adjust yur graphics settings, particularly if yu are using Patterns, very light line weights, etc. Nte that this review is n substitute fr test prints, but can catch sme prblems early. 8. Finally, submit the PDF file(s) t yur print service fr printing. If they are small enugh (<15-20 MB r s), yu shuld be able t them (size limitatins depend n the service(s) yu and the print service are using). If yur sheet(s) included images, hwever, the resulting files may be t large, and yu may need t take them in n a flash drive r CD. Check file sizes befre attempting t . Fr further infrmatin, see the fllwing sectins in the Vectrwrks Help System: Printing and Publishing Printing Printing and Publishing Batch Publishing (use this functin with Sheet Layers & Viewprts) Imprting and Exprting Imprting & Exprting Files Imprting and Exprting PDF Exprting PDF Files

4 Vectrwrks Reference Sheets 7.4 GETTING THE DRAWING ON PAPER SOME IMPORTANT PRECAUTIONS: 1. Be sure t remind yur print service that they shuld NOT scale yur utput fr any reasn. (Request N Scaling.) If they scale yur utput, it will NOT be printed at the scale yu selected within Vectrwrks. 2. When using releases later than VW 2011: The prblem described in item 3 belw was apparently fixed in release VW Hwever, if yu are using the Exprt t PDF functin, then with any release, yu shuld check the page size prduced in the Exprt prcess by pening the PDF yu exprted and lking at its Prperties. If yu find that the PDF s page size is larger than yu expected, then yu ll need t g back and adjust yur page setup and print settings. This is just a precautin and nly needs t be checked nce. If it s wrking at ne size, it shuld wrk fr all. 3. The fllwing precautin was needed in lder releases and has been left here fr yur infrmatin. As nted abve, yu shuld nt use the Chse Size Unavailable in Printer Setup functin n the Page Setup dialg when setting up yur Sheet Layers. If yu d, Vectrwrks sets the printable area f yur page t that specific size, but then adds printer margins in additin t the printable area. Here s an example f what can g wrng: If yu select US Arch D as yur printable area size, VW will make the virtual sheet f paper smewhat larger than 24 x 36, including when yu exprt t PDF. The print shp may detect that yur paper size is larger than the device, and will smetimes select a scale t fit functin t insure that things dn t get chpped ff arund the edges. If they d this, as nted abve, yur drawing will n lnger be printed t a precise scale.

5 Vectrwrks Reference Sheets 7.5 GETTING THE DRAWING ON PAPER SUMMARY OF PRINTING CONTROLS Yu have cntrl ver yur printed utput in several places, bth within Vectrwrks and at the perating system level. Here s a shrt summary; see the Vectrwrks Help System sectins nted abve fr mre details. Vectrwrks Printer Setup: File Page Setup; click Printer Setup n the Page Setup Dialg The Printer Setup dialg allws yu t: 1. Select a printer (Windws nly, see item 5 fr Mac). 2. Select a paper size (the list will nly include thse sizes that the selected printer is capable f handling). 3. Select the paper rientatin (prtrait r landscape). 4. Select a scaling factr fr yur drawing. Scaling resizes the entire drawing by a specified percentage. Be careful if yu use this feature, especially fr final utput, since it s easy t becme cnfused and end up with yur printed sheets at a scale yu didn t anticipate. 5. MAC Users Nte: The Printer Setup dialg nly changes the current printer s settings; yu must use the Macintsh System Preferences t change the printer yu want t use. Vectrwrks Page Setup: File Page Setup This dialg gives yu tw methds fr selecting the page size fr yur printed utput. Nte that page size and paper size are nt necessarily the same thing. Vectrwrks will tile yur drawing acrss multiple pieces f paper if needed. 1. The default, after yu have selected the printer, paper size, and rientatin, is fr Vectrwrks t print n a single sheet f paper. In the left-hand side f the Page Setup dialg, yu can instruct VW t print n multiple sheets by typing in the values yu want, such as three sheets acrss and fur sheets dwn. The page size is calculated autmatically and appears in the right-hand side f the dialg. 2. The alternative is t set the page size t a size unavailable in the printer setup, using the right-hand dialg. Vectrwrks then calculates the number f pieces f paper, acrss and dwn, t give yu that page size using yur selected printer & paper settings. 3. If yu are printing t Adbe PDF r sme ther sftware that prduces PDF utput, yu shuld set the paper size in the Printer Setup dialg, t the full sheet size that yu ultimately want, and allw the Page Setup t default t 1 acrss and 1 dwn. Eventually, yur PDF file will need t be sent t a printer capable f handling that size paper. Vectrwrks Print: File Print This dialg lets yu set the printer & its prperties, print range, number f cpies, and several VW settings. Printer selectin: 1. On Windws, yu can switch printers here, even if yu set up a printer in advance, but this may have unintended cnsequences if the paper size and/r rientatin is different. Print range: 1. Print range is meaningful if yu are requesting draft utput and yur drawing is set up t tile acrss several pages. Yu can use this t select nly thse particular pages that yu want t review.

6 Vectrwrks Reference Sheets 7.6 GETTING THE DRAWING ON PAPER TIP: Vectrwrks sequentially numbers yur pages dwn each clumn wrking frm left t right, which yu ll need t keep in mind when requesting a print range n the Print dialg. Here s an example: Page 1 Page 5 Page 9 Page 13 Page 2 Page 6 Page 10 Page 14 Page 3 Page 7 Page 11 Page 15 Page 4 Page 8 Page 12 Page If yu select current view under Print Range, Vectrwrks will print whatever is n yur screen, and will adjust it t fit n yur selected paper size. This is useful fr checking yur wrk, but nt necessarily fr checking yur graphics, since yu are nt printing t scale. Vectrwrks print settings: Sme settings are dependent n whether yu have Quartz Imaging (Mac) r GDI (Windws) enabled in VW Preferences. The fllwing are sme generalities. 1. Grey level setting, in percent, fr thse layers and/r classes whse visibility is set t Grey. 2. Print patterns at n-screen reslutin. Clicking this ptin typically (but nt always) gives the best representatin f pattern fills. Pattern fills are based n pixels n yur screen, rather than bjects, and therefre d nt scale (i.e. appear t becme larger r smaller) as yu zm in and ut. By clicking Print Patterns at On-Screen Reslutin, the patterns will appear (apprximately) as they wuld n yur screen if yu are zmed t 100%. NOTE: 100% Zm means that the size f yur drawing n the screen is apprximately the same as it wuld print n paper at yur current layer scale r viewprt scale setting. If a pattern lks apprximately crrect n the screen at a zm factr f 100%, then it shuld lk reasnable when printed with this ptin selected. Hwever, when yu zm t 100%, Vectrwrks assumes yu have a cmputer display with 72 pixels per inch. Many displays have a higher pixel density, s 100% zm may nt shw yu what yu need t knw. Yu can always hld a ruler up against yur screen t see if yu re at apprximately the crrect zm level t match what wuld print. Reminder: Althugh cnvenient, patterns are ntrius fr nt printing quite the way yu expected, s dn t cunt n them fr any critical graphical effects!

7 Vectrwrks Reference Sheets 7.7 GETTING THE DRAWING ON PAPER PAPER SIZES In case yu re nt familiar with all the arcane paper sizes listed in Vectrwrks, here s a cheat sheet. If yu plan t use the Chse size unavailable in printer setup functin, be sure t read the CAUTION abut this functin abve n page 7.4. VW PAGE SETUP DIALOG Sizes frm Chse size unavailable in printer setup Size in inches (width by height) One Printer Page Whatever paper size yu selected in Print Setup ASME A (ANSI) 11 x 8.5 ASME B (ANSI) 17 x 11 ASME C (ANSI) 22 x 17 ASME D (ANSI) 34 x 22 ASME E (ANSI) 44 x 34 US Arch A 12 x 9 US Arch B 18 x 12 US Arch C 24 x 18 US Arch D 36 x 24 US Arch E 48 x 36 ISO A x 8.27 (297 x 210 mm) ISO A x (420 x 297 mm) ISO A x (594 x 420 mm) ISO A x (841 x 594 mm) ISO A x (1189 x 841 mm) Other Yu type in the size yu want allwing fr printer margins.

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9 Vectrwrks Reference Sheets 7.9 SHEET LAYERS & VIEWPORTS SHEET LAYERS and VIEWPORTS ABOUT SHEET LAYERS AND VIEWPORTS Althugh yu can print directly frm design layers, Sheet Layers and Viewprts prvide a mre rbust and flexible methdlgy t set up yur drawings fr final printing and presentatin. Sheet Layers are directly analgus t sheets f paper, and each has its wn page and printer set-up. Sheet layers are always set t a scale f 1:1, can nly be viewed ne at a time (the equivalent f setting layer ptins t Active Only ), and are always in Tp/Plan view (2D). They are an ideal place t put title blcks, ntes, and ther anntatins that are ancillary t yur actual design drawing(s). Viewprts are special Vectrwrks bjects that display the cntents f ne r mre design layers. Yu place viewprts n sheet layers when laying ut yur presentatin sheets. QUICK REFERENCE FOR WORKING WITH SHEET LAYERS & VIEWPORTS TASK Set up sheet layers OR Mdify sheet layers Create Viewprts View Create Viewprt Mdify Viewprt psitin r prperties Advantages f Using Sheet Layers & Viewprts: LOCATION Organizatin Dialg frm: - Tls Organizatin, OR - Layers drp-dwn list n View Bar, OR - Right-muse click in Sheet Layers Tab f Navigatin Palette. Selectin Tl (t select the Viewprt and/r mve it arund n a Sheet Layer) Object Inf Palette (after selecting the Viewprt) Tls Organizatin Select Viewprt, then Mdify Edit Viewprt Right-muse click n Viewprt (Edit, Edit Crp, Edit Anntatins.) Sheet Layers and Viewprts give yu a great deal f cntrl ver hw yur design is printed; a few f the benefits are listed here: VW nly keeps track f the latest page/printer setup fr all printing frm design layers. Cnversely, each sheet layer can have its wn page/printer setup, and mdifying the setup fr ne sheet layer desn t affect the setup fr thers, giving yu mre flexibility and less rewrk. By decupling title blcks and ther elements frm yur design cntent, layut f the different elements n a sheet is simplified and mre flexible. Multiple viewprts can be arranged n a single sheet, and can be at different scales if needed. Viewprts can be crpped and anntated. Anntatins can include assciative dimensins which will then change as yur design layers change. Yur bjects can take n different graphical characteristics in viewprts by using Class Overrides and Layer Overrides. One r mre layers can be greyed back t allw what s imprtant t pp frward. Line weights and ther graphics can be scaled within a Viewprt t insure an apprpriate lk fr yur design elements at any scale.

10 Vectrwrks Reference Sheets 7.10 SHEET LAYERS & VIEWPORTS SETTING UP SHEET LAYERS WORKING WITH SHEET LAYERS Each sheet layer crrespnds directly t a single sheet f paper in yur final print set. Since sheet layers are always at a scale f 1:1, setting them up is quite simple. Use the Organizatin Dialg t set them up, with a naming cnventin that makes sense t yu. (See the sectin n Naming Standards belw). Once yu have created a sheet layer, visit File Page Setup and Printer Setup t set its printer and page parameters. Because each sheet layer has its wn printer and page setup, yu have lts f flexibility. Fr instance, in the same drawing file, yu might have ne series f sheet layers set up fr printing yur design n 11 x 17 paper and anther series fr printing n 24 x 36. CONTENTS OF SHEET LAYERS Sheet layers can cntain drawing bjects and text, just as yur design layers can. Decupling certain elements frm yur design layers imprves flexibility in layut & printing. Typical drawing elements that are created directly n sheet layers include: TITLE BLOCKS: Because the scale f a sheet layer is always 1:1, it s a natural place t set up yur title blcks. Yu draw title blck graphics just as thugh yu were wrking n a sheet f paper. If yu want a 3-inch wide, 22-inch deep rectangle at the right-hand side f yur drawing in which t place yur title blck infrmatin, that s exactly what yu draw. TITLE BLOCK GRAPHICS: Yu may wish t imprt an image file cntaining yur lg r business card t include in yur title blck. Depending n the image, yu may als be able t easily recreate the graphic using Vectrwrks. TEXT: Sheet layers are a handy lcatin t place significant text infrmatin such as general ntes, planting schedules, etc. since the fnt sizes and type styles yu select will never be scaled up r dwn. Or, PDF pages cntaining prefrmatted ntes and ther text can be imprted and placed directly n yur sheet layers. NORTH ARROW: The graphic denting Nrth fr yur prject can easily be placed n yur sheet layers rather than n a design layer, but must then be placed n each sheet. Hwever, this allws yu t repsitin it independently frm ther elements n yur sheet layers and t resize it as needed. SCALE LABEL (text): Because yu may wish t print drawing sets f the same design at different scales, yu can put the drawing scale label directly n the sheet layer (r within the Viewprt as an anntatin, as nted belw), rather than imbedding it in a design layer. BAR SCALE (graphical): Cnversely, bar scales are best placed n design layers, s that they will display crrectly regardless f scale. DRAWING TITLES: If yu have several Viewprts shwing different aspects f yur design n a single sheet layer, each can and shuld be titled separately n the sheet layer (r within the Viewprt as an anntatin, as nted belw). If yur Viewprts are at different scales, make sure each als has its wn scale label s there is n ambiguity.

11 Vectrwrks Reference Sheets 7.11 SHEET LAYERS & VIEWPORTS VIEWPORTS: The mst imprtant bjects that sheet layers typically cntain are the Viewprts yu create t display varius views f yur design layers. A single sheet layer can cntain multiple Viewprt bjects. ABOUT VIEWPORTS WORKING WITH VIEWPORTS A Viewprt is a special type f Vectrwrks bject, with its wn set f prperties that yu can manipulate in the Object Infrmatin Palette. Each Viewprt cmbines layer and class visibilities, scale, rientatin, and ther factrs t display a specific view f yur design layers, as thugh yu tk a phtgraph f that particular view. Fllwing are sme f the imprtant capabilities f Viewprts, which prvide tremendus flexibility fr prducing yur final prints. Viewprt Placement: A Viewprt can be placed anywhere n a sheet layer; it desn t have t be aligned with yur design layers. Viewprt Layut: Multiple Viewprts can exist n a single sheet layer. If yu d this, be sure each viewprt has its wn title and scale ntatin! Viewprt Scale: Each Viewprt has its wn scale setting fr displaying yur design, which desn t need t match the scale yu used fr yur design layers. Vectrwrks enfrces a cmmn scale fr all visible layers in a Viewprt, s design layers at different scales will nt align with each ther when viewed in the same Viewprt. (All the mre reasn t keep yur design layers at the same scale except fr very specific purpses.) Viewprt Layer & Class Visibilities: Yu cntrl the view int yur design layers by setting the layer and class visibilities fr each Viewprt. Class & Layer Overrides: Yu can verride the assigned graphical attributes fr yur classes within the cntext f a particular Viewprt, a particularly pwerful feature. Yu can als verride varius layer settings, althugh this is much less cmmnly used. Viewprt Crpping: Viewprts can be crpped t shw nly part f what exists n any given set f design layers. Viewprt Anntatins: Viewprts can have internal anntatins such as dimensins, calluts and ther types f labels instead f creating thse anntatins directly in yur design layers. Althugh nt cvered in this class, viewprts can als be created directly n Design Layers. CREATING VIEWPORTS Here is the basic prcedure fr creating a Viewprt: 1. While lking at ne r mre Design Layers (ne f yur Design Layers MUST be active), set the Design Layer and Class visibilities t match what yu want included in yur Viewprt. Sme layers & classes will be visible, sme might be grey, and the rest will be invisible. 2. Once yu have the crrect cmbinatin f visibilities, g t View Create Viewprt. In the Create Viewprt dialg, ptinally give the Viewprt a name f yur wn chsing, and assign it t a Sheet Layer. If yu dn t already have a Sheet Layer set up, yu can instruct VW t create ne here. 3. Once yu click OK, the active layer is autmatically switched t the Sheet Layer yu specified in the Create Viewprt dialg, and yu ll see the new Viewprt smewhere n that Sheet Layer. 4. Dn t try t create a viewprt while lking at yur Sheet Layer!

12 Vectrwrks Reference Sheets SETTING VIEWPORT PROPERTIES 7.12 SHEET LAYERS & VIEWPORTS Althugh yu can specify all the Viewprt s prperties at the time yu create it, it s ften simpler t adjust the prperties after-the-fact. Yu can adjust all Viewprt prperties (scale, layer/class visibilities, layer/class attribute verrides, etc.) right in the Object Inf Palette. T adjust the prperties, first select the Viewprt using nrmal selectin methds. Nte that if yu click n the Viewprt where n bjects exist, r in the middle f an unfilled bject, it has n effect. If yur Viewprt desn t fit well n yur sheet layer, yu can either select a different paper size fr yur sheet layer, change the Viewprt s scale in the Object Inf Palette, r crp the Viewprt (see belw). If yu change the scale, be sure yur scale label matches the new scale. Line Weights, Arrwheads, Dashed Lines, Hatch Lines, & Text can be glbally scaled within the Viewprt by clicking the Viewprt s Advanced Prperties buttn n the Object Inf Palette. If yu set the scale f yur Viewprt differently than yur design layers and yur line weights are a little ff, this feature can be helpful. (Nte: using this methd t scale text in Callut bjects may give undesirable results.) Several Viewprt prperties nly apply t 3D mdels (Rendering, Prjectin, Perspective, etc.), s dn t wrry abut thse unless yu re ding 3D wrk.

13 Vectrwrks Reference Sheets 7.13 SHEET LAYERS & VIEWPORTS LAYING OUT VIEWPORTS Mve each Viewprt t whatever psitin n the Sheet Layer yu like. Several 2D editing peratins can be perfrmed n Viewprts. Viewprts can be nudged, dragged with the Selectin Tl, mved with the Mve cmmand, cut r cpied/pasted, duplicated, rtated, mirrred, scaled, and lcked. Duplicating a Viewprt in place (CTRL+Click OR CTRL+D with VW Preference Offset duplicates disabled) and assigning each duplicate t a different sheet layer can be a fast way t ppulate yur sheet layers with Viewprts. One advantage is that each duplicated Viewprt ends up at the same psitin n each sheet, giving a cleaner lk t yur verall presentatin. Once duplicated, yu will need t visit each sheet layer in turn, select each Viewprt, and adjust its prperties (class/layer visibilities, etc) s they are apprpriate t the purpse f that sheet layer. Using the Scale cmmand t scale a Viewprt has the same effect as changing its scale in the Object Inf Palette. Hwever, any text anntatins belnging t the Viewprt itself (text, callut text, dimensin values) are nly scaled if yu request that in the Scale cmmand dialg. See Anntating Viewprts, belw, fr mre infrmatin. VIEWPORT UPDATING & RELATIONSHIP TO DESIGN LAYERS Vectrwrks cntinuusly updates yur 2D Viewprts as yu mdify yur design. Hwever, Viewprts with rendered views f 3D Mdels are nt autmatically updated, and will display a striped red brder when they are ut-f-date. Click the Update buttn in the Object Inf Palette t update a particular Viewprt. Yu cannt change the cntents f yur design layers directly frm the Viewprt. Either g back t the design layers, r right-muse click an bject within the Viewprt and select Edit Design Layer frm the cntext menu. If yu add design layers r classes after setting up yur viewprts, make sure yu check each Viewprt s prperties (class/layer visibilities) and adjust as necessary. If yu delete design layers r classes after setting up yur viewprts, they will be deleted frm yur Viewprts als. CROPPING VIEWPORTS Yu may nt want everything n yur design layer(s) included in yur Viewprt. Viewprts can be crpped with a crp bject. A crp bject can be any 2D bject that describes an area, such as a rectangle, circle, val, plygn r plyline. Only ne crp bject is allwed per Viewprt. The crp bject is used t create a masking effect. Everything within the area described by the crp bject will be visible in the Viewprt. Anything utside the area f the crp bject will be masked. TIP: If yu have drawing bjects utside the print bundary n yur design layers, they will be included in yur Viewprt. If yu dn t want them included, yu can crp the Viewprt either at creatin r anytime afterwards.

14 Vectrwrks Reference Sheets 7.14 SHEET LAYERS & VIEWPORTS Crpping a Viewprt: T crp a Viewprt, either: 1. Create a crp bject prir t creating the Viewprt and leave it selected when yu create the Viewprt. Vectrwrks will ask yu if yu want t use the bject t crp the Viewprt. OR 2. Right-muse click the Viewprt after it has been created, and select Edit Crp n the cntext menu. Yu will g int Viewprt Crp mde. Create a crp bject arund the area yu want t see in yur Viewprt. Click the Exit Viewprt Crp buttn n the Tl Bar when dne. Graphical Attributes fr a Crp Object. By default, the fill f a crp bject is set t Nne. The pen line may be set as desired. If yu dn t want t see a pen line surrunding yur Viewprt, make it invisible by editing the Viewprt crp, selecting the crp bject, and setting its pen line t Nne. Dn t wrry abut being able t find it again. When yu are in Viewprt Crp mde, the crp bject is the nly selectable bject, s if yu ve rendered it invisible, select it by using the Select All functin (CTRL+A r right-muse click and pick Select All frm the cntext menu.) ANNOTATING VIEWPORTS Viewprts can have their wn anntatins in additin t (r instead f) anntatins n yur design layers. Right-muse click n the Viewprt, and select Edit Anntatins frm the cntext menu. Yu can add text, calluts, dimensins, and even ther drawing bjects inside the Viewprt. Viewprt anntatin bjects are at the same scale as the Viewprt. When t use Viewprt Anntatins: Viewprt anntatin bjects will nt appear n yur design layers and are unique t a particular Viewprt. There are n hard and fast rules fr using viewprt anntatins. Generally, they are mst useful fr ntes and calluts that will be unique t a particular Viewprt r fr anntatins whse psitin relative t the design features may need t change frm viewprt t viewprt. Labels in fixed psitins that shuld appear n every view f yur design (street names, fr example) can certainly be placed n yur design layers. Advantages f Viewprt Anntatins: Visible nly within a Viewprt: Because viewprt anntatins are nly visible within the cntext f their wning Viewprt, yu need nt set up lts f separate design layers and/r classes t cntrl the visibilities f the varius anntatins needed in yur drawing set. Bundled with a Viewprt: Because they are imbedded within a Viewprt, viewprt anntatin bjects will mve right alng with the Viewprt as yu mdify its lcatin. This avids the pssibility f lsing the spatial relatinships between yur anntatins and yur design elements. Als, the anntatins will remain in prprtin t the Viewprt if yu change its scale. Generally, placing anntatins directly n a sheet layer is undesirable. Layut Flexibility: Just as decupling title blcks frm views f yur design gives yu layut flexibility, s des decupling anntatins frm design layers.

15 Vectrwrks Reference Sheets 7.15 NAMING STANDARDS SHEET LAYERS & VIEWPORTS ABOUT NAMING STANDARDS Bth Sheet Layers and Viewprts are named entities within yur drawing. Other entities that have names are Design Layers, Classes, Symbls, Hatches, etc. Vectrwrks will nt allw yu t use the same name fr mre than ne entity within any particular drawing. Think thrugh yur naming scheme carefully s that the names yu select make sense t yu, give yu the functinality yu need, and yet fllw Vectrwrks rules. Sheet Layers have bth a Sheet Number and a Sheet Title that yu can assign. In additin, Sheet Layers have their wn stacking rder (althugh yu can nly see ne at a time) that determines the default rder in which they are listed in the Organizatin Dialg and the Navigatin Palette. SAMPLE NAMING STANDARD Design Layers (frm bttmmst t tpmst layer): Base Plan (prperty bundary, huse) Existing Cnditins (existing features t be kept when the landscape is installed) Demlitin (additinal existing features t be remved when the landscape is installed) Design Ftprint (r Cncept Plan) (things that sit n the grund plane, such as paving, pathways, landscape steps/timbers, lawn, planting bed shapes, pls, etc.) Structures (things that sit abve the grund plane, such as decks/steps, arbrs, fireplaces, kitchens, abve grund water features, etc.) Site Furnishings (furniture, pts, sculpture, ther prtable elements) Planting (pssibly split int Trees+Grundcvers; Shrubs+Perennials, r anther breakdwn) Irrigatin (lines, valves, heads, etc.) Lighting (circuits, fixtures, etc.) Sheet Layers and Viewprts: Sheet Number Vectrwrks autmatically numbers yur sheets in the rder they are created as Sht-1, Sht-2 and s frth. Or, yu can create yur wn numbering scheme. Viewprt (naming isn t really critical Sheet Title here, but can be dne if desired). Cver Sheet Existing Cnditins Existing Cnditins VP Plan Cncept Plan Cncept Plan VP Demlitin Plan Demlitin Plan VP Layut Plan Layut Plan VP Irrigatin Plan Irrigatin Plan VP Irrigatin Ntes Planting Plan Planting Plan VP Planting Schedule Planting Ntes & Planting Detail-1 VP Details Planting Detail-2 VP Lighting Plan Lighting Plan VP Lighting Ntes

16 Vectrwrks Reference Sheets 7.16 SHEET LAYERS & VIEWPORTS Fr further infrmatin, see the fllwing sectins frm the Vectrwrks Help System: Getting Started Drawing Structure Layers Overview Getting Started Drawing Structure Layers Overview Setting Sheet Layer Prperties Viewprts Creating Sheet Layer Viewprts Viewprts Viewprt Prperties Viewprts Mdifying Viewprts Viewprts Viewprt Status Nte: in the Help sectin n Viewprts, yu can ignre infrmatin fr Design Layer and Sectin Viewprts, and any references t 3D functinality within Viewprts. We wn t be cvering thse tpics in this curse. This page intentinally left blank.

17 Vectrwrks Reference Sheets 7.17 QUALITY OUTPUT OVERVIEW OBTAINING QUALITY OUTPUT Cnstructing yur design in Vectrwrks is nly part f the prcess. Equally imprtant is insuring that yur printed results, whether cnceptual r fr cnstructin, are clean, readable, attractive, and clearly cmmunicate yur design intent. Yur graphics chices shuld supprt that design intent, nt detract frm it. Here are varius things yu may wish t cnsider: GRAPHICS CONSIDERATIONS TEST PRINTS: Always test yur printing! What lks gd n the screen des nt necessarily lk gd when printed. Keep track f what wrks well fr yu and n what printer. PRINCIPLES: The same general principles fr landscape graphics hld true whether yu prepare yur drawings by hand r n the cmputer. Overall, a clear line weight hierarchy, judicius use f tnes, textures, & clrs, clean fnt styles in apprpriate sizes, and careful page layut will g a lng way tward insuring an rdered, balanced, and attractive result. AUDIENCE: As with all frms f cmmunicatin, cnsider yur audience. When preparing cnceptual plans fr clients, light tuches f texture, clr, shading and shadwing can be helpful t their understanding f yur design (as can perspective sketches and/r elevatins). When preparing cnstructin dcuments, thse same artistic tuches can interfere with the technical interpretatin f yur design. EMPHASIS: Think abut where yu want the eye t fcus & place yur graphic emphasis there. Imprtant elements shuld read mre strngly than minr nes. Bld fnts, heavy drawing brders r title blcks, excessively rendered surfaces, verly cmplex plant graphics, etc. pull the eye away frm yur design, making ancillary infrmatin seem mre imprtant than the design itself. SIMPLICITY: T much clutter n yur drawings is an easy trap t fall int, especially when using the cmputer, since applying all srts f effects just requires a few muse clicks. Remember that yur primary cnsideratin is t cmmunicate yur design intent, nt make a wrk f art. If individual parts f the drawing becme t cmplex r ver-detailed (plants fr instance), it can make the entire drawing mre difficult t read and understand. When in dubt, simplify. LINE WEIGHTS: The basic rule f thumb fr line weights is t use prgressively heavier line weights as elements becme clser t the viewer. And, utlines are generally drawn heavier than surface textures r small details. Fr example, paving patterns r scre lines in cncrete n the grund plane shuld be quite light, whereas utlines fr large trees and tall structures can be relatively heavy. LINE WEIGHTS: Very heavy line weights tend t lk harsh and excessive. Tne them dwn by using medium t dark greys rather than black. Or, apply a pattern t the pen line rather than using a slid line. Patterns can actually prduce sme very attractive effects, almst simulating hand-drawing, when used in the pen line. TEXTURE: Be cautius abut using Vectrwrks patterns. In small dses, they can be effective, and can be quite helpful fr giving quick effects n the screen while yu are still develping yur design. Unfrtunately, they rarely lk as gd printed as they d n the screen. If yu chse t use patterns,

18 Vectrwrks Reference Sheets 7.18 QUALITY OUTPUT the setting Print patterns at n-screen reslutin usually gives the best results. Even s, the finergrained patterns have a tendency t get merged int a plain clr r tne. Yu shuld always check yur results n each printer yu use, and keep track f what wrks well and what desn t. TEXTURE: Generally, hatches are mre cntrllable than patterns fr applying surface textures t yur landscape features. Or, draw simple textures yurself, using lines r plylines. Line weights fr surface textures shuld always be light and unbtrusive. Just a tuch can give the needed effect. If thin black lines drp ut entirely, try slightly thicker lines in paler clrs such as 50% grey. COLOR: Very clean lking drawings can be created using nly black, white, and shades f grey. And, a gd drawing shuld always be readable in plain black & white, in this case relying n a clear hierarchy f line weights and judicius use f texture/shading. COLOR: Be cautius abut using very dark and/r strng, saturated clrs. They may lk great n yur cmputer s luminus display but can end up lking flat, harsh, r cartn-like when printed. If yu chse t use strng clrs, test printing becmes even mre critical, and the cst can munt up. Even at hme, lts f test prints using strng clrs will drain yur ink cartridges rapidly. COLOR: Shaded areas in pale clrs can really help a drawing read, rather than relying slely n line weights. In fact, if yu are using clr r grey fills, sme line weights can ften be reduced a bit and still achieve a gd result. Yu still need a hierarchy, thugh. COLOR: Fr cnceptual drawings, it s easier t achieve pleasing results using paler clrs and/r reduced pacities. With unlimited clrs, gradients, & pacity cntrls, very artistic effects are pssible. SHADOWS: Applying shadw effects t yur 2D bjects can help the drawing read mre threedimensinally. A quick way t make shadws is t duplicate a shape, nudge t ffset slightly, and set the lwer ne t a darker, slightly greyed versin f the same clr, r a medium t medium dark tne f grey. Sme users like t create quick shadw effects using a swipe r tw f the Freehand tl, but dn t verd it. Landmark Plants can be set up t prduce their wn shadws. ANNOTATIONS: Calluts, labels, dimensins, and ther anntatins shuld supprt and nt detract frm yur design intent. It s best if they are clear but unbtrusive. The mre neatly they can be arranged (lined up fr example), the less attentin they call t themselves. DISPLAY ISSUES: ZOOM FACTOR: It can be extremely difficult t judge the cmbined effect f all yur graphics chices n yur cmputer display. Zming in n a cmplex area (r a fancy plant graphic) can make everything seem perfectly acceptable, yet when printed at yur chsen scale, that same cmplex area may becme dense and unreadable. It s helpful t ccasinally zm yur drawing s that things are the same size n the screen as they will be n paper. Fr mst peple, that will be a 100% zm factr, assuming yur display has 72 pixels per inch. If yu have a higher-reslutin display, yu may need t use a slightly larger zm factr. PIXEL EFFECTS: Many screens have 72 pixels per inch, and are cnsequently very cnstrained in hw line weights are displayed. Obviusly, line weights can nly be displayed in single pixel increments, making it quite difficult t determine whether yur line weight hierarchy is wrking. Additinally, diagnal lines ften lk jagged n the display. Here s yet anther reasn fr test prints! TEST DRAWING: It can be very helpful t set up a test drawing using sample bjects set t different line weights, clrs, patterns, hatches, and ther effects. Yu can use this drawing t test these graphic effects n varius printers. Be sure t label yur line weights s yu can use yur print as a reference.

19 Vectrwrks Reference Sheets 7.19 QUALITY OUTPUT PERSONAL GRAPHICS PALETTE: Over time, yu ll develp a persnal graphics palette as yu determine the lk yu prefer fr varius cmmn landscape materials and surfaces, such as cncrete, turf, wd, etc. This persnal palette can be built int yur template file(s) r resurce libraries. One simple methd is t create a series f small squares with the pen line and fill preset, using the Eyedrpper Tl t transfer thse attributes t ther shapes as needed. A mre sphisticated apprach wuld be t set up yur drawing template(s) using classes. Each class wuld have preset attributes fr the different types f landscape materials. Yu culd even include pre-cnfigured viewprts with class verrides as well; the viewprts wuld be empty, f curse, until yu started wrking n a design. Here are sme additinal settings yu can use fr yur persnal graphics palette: Use Tls Optins Line Thickness t change the line weights available in the Attributes Palette t thse yu prefer. These lineweights will be available t all yur drawings until yu change them. Use File Dcument Settings Dash Styles t create yur wn dash styles. Since these are dcument-specific, they shuld be saved as part f yur template file(s). Set up yur preferred slid clrs in ne r mre custm clr palettes. These are autmatically saved in yur VW User Flder lcatin and are available t any drawing yu create. Custm hatches, gradients, and image fills are set up using the Resurce Brwser. Create resurce libraries f yur custm graphics resurces, and then add them as favrites in the Resurce Brwser. If yu stre thse resurce libraries in the apprpriate subflders within yur User Flder lcatin, Vectrwrks will shw yu yur custm resurces as default cntent, i.e. autmatically available frm the Attributes Palette fr each drawing yu create. See VW Reference Sheets, Ch.8 Resurces and the Resurce Brwser fr mre infrmatin. SHEET LAYERS & VIEWPORTS See VW Reference Sheets, Ch.7 Sheet Layers and Viewprts t remind yurself f the advantages and methds. EXPORT TO PDF Yur lcal print/plt service may r may nt be able t take a native Vectrwrks drawing file and print it successfully, but nearly every service is able t accept PDF files fr printing. (See VW Reference Sheets, Ch.7 Getting the Drawing n Paper fr infrmatin abut exprting t PDF.) Being able t submit yur wrk via is yet anther cnvenience. Dn t frget that test prints are still extremely imprtant. Just because yur Vectrwrks drawing has been exprted int PDF frmat fr printing desn t guarantee gd printing results any mre than if yu were printing frm a native Vectrwrks file. Yu may in fact achieve slightly less satisfactry results, s test first! PRINTERS Every printer prints things slightly differently. Even the same printer can give different results depending n whether the ink cartridges are fresh r running lw. T achieve the mst reliable & reprducible results, purchasing yur wn large frmat printer can be wrthwhile. Frmer students have been happy with printers handling 13 x 19 paper, and this size printer isn t terribly expensive.

20 Vectrwrks Reference Sheets 7.20 QUALITY OUTPUT Different printers have different settings that can be adjusted, s be sure t fully familiarize yurself with the parameters that yu can adjust n yur printer. Sme cmmnly-available settings include: Print reslutin r density, cmmnly expressed in DPI r dts per inch, but smetimes referred t as print quality. Nte that mre dts per inch des nt necessarily equal better utput. In sme cases, very light line weights will drp ut entirely at a higher DPI setting. Tner save mde n r ff. Typically yu will want this ff. Grey printing imprvement. Clr settings, if using a clr printer, such as brightness, saturatin, ink vlume, etc. Sme printers ffer a print preview, which VW des nt have, that gives yu the pprtunity t cancel printing entirely if yu see in the preview that smething isn t set up crrectly. If yu exprt t PDF, that will give yu the equivalent f an electrnic preview always a gd idea even if yu plan t print directly frm VW. Anther apprach is t wrk with yur Print/Plt service t determine which f their printers gives yu the best results. Then, request that they use that particular printer whenever yu submit drawings fr printing. The next page has a list f Bay Area print/plt services that were listed n the VW web site in prir years. Hwever, it s nt clear whether they can all accept native Vectrwrks files r whether yu need t Exprt t PDF first. When in dubt, call first. And, as previusly nted, nearly every print service can accept PDF files, s yu need nt be limited t the services listed here. Csts can vary widely, s yu may want t shp arund.

21 Vectrwrks Reference Sheets 7.21 QUALITY OUTPUT BAY AREA PRINT & PLOT SERVICES; CURRENT AS OF Original Surce: [NOTE: as f January 2016, this infrmatin is n lnger available n the Vectrwrks website, and sme infrmatin may be ut-f-date. American DraftSurce 625 DuBis Street, Suite D San Rafael, CA Phne: (415) Fax: (415) plts@draftsurce.cm Web: Barker Blue Reprgraphics San Mate, CA Phne: (650) Fax: (650) pltting@barkerblue.cm Web: Blueprint Express 4903 Central Avenue Richmnd, CA Phne: (510) Fax: (510) dave@blueprintexpress.cm Web: BPS Reprgraphics ( American Draftsurce) 625 Du Bis Street San Rafael, CA Phne: (415) Fax: (415) plts@draftsurce.cm Web: Digital Impressins, Inc Milpitas, CA Phne: (408) Fax: (408) inf@dipress.cm Graphic Reprductin 1381 Franquette Avenue, Building B1 Cncrd, CA Phne: (925) Fax: (925) plt@graphic4u.cm Web: Ink Stne 2302 Bwditch Street Berkeley, CA Phne: (510) Fax: (510) TheInkStne@sbcglbal.net Web: Pltnet Vadim Zaychik 98 Battery Street, Suite 402 San Francisc, CA Phne: (415) Fax: (415) service@pltnet.cm Web: ra Prductins Kenny Green 503 W. Larch Rad Tracy, CA Phne: (209) Fax: (209) kennygreen@raprductinsc.cm Web: Snaps Reprgraphics Inc 2200 Bridgeway Sausalit, CA Phne: (415) Fax: (415)

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23 Vectrwrks Reference Sheets 7.23 DIMENSIONS & ANNOTATIONS TASK USING DIMENSIONS QUICK REFERENCE CHART FOR WORKING WITH DIMENSION FEATURES LOCATION Set Dimensin Style File Dcument Settings Dcument Preferences Dimensins Tab (NOTE: This setting is NOT retractive.) Fr LH34, use the Arch standard. Set Dimensin Units File Dcument Settings Units General Display & Dims Tab Set Dimensin Precisin File Dcument Settings Units General Display & Dims Tab NOTE: This setting is NOT retractive. Object Infrmatin Palette (individual dimensins) Set Text Attributes Text Frmat Text (when n bjects are selected, this sets the text defaults that will apply t any dimensins yu create after that.) OR, create ne r mre Text Style resurces and apply them t yur dimensins as needed. See VW Reference Sheets, Ch.8 fr mre infrmatin n wrking with resurces. Create Dimensin Objects Windw Palettes Basic In VW2016, the mst cmmnly used dimensining tls have been included at the bttm f the Basic palette. OR Windw Palettes Tl Sets Select the Dims/Ntes tab. If desired, tear ff the Dims/Ntes sub-palette and then clse the remainder f the Tl Sets Palette. Select desired dimensining Tl Mdify Dimensin lcatin/layut Mve dimensin parts with the muse; adjust settings in the OIP. Override Dimensin value and/r Mdify Dimensin parameters Shw/Hide Parametric Cnstraints (fr assciative dimensins) Remve Parametric Cnstraints Mdify Edit Cnstraints FOR THIS COURSE: The types f dimensins needed during LH34 are: Adjust values and/r settings in the Object Infrmatin Palette Tls Optins Vectrwrks Preferences Display Tab (Nte: by default, VW creates assciative dimensins. Disable this in Dcument Preferences if needed.) Cnstrained-Line and Uncnstrained Dimensins (Linear, Chain, and Baseline Mdes) Angular Dimensins (Tw Objects Mde) Radial Dimensins (Interir Radial Dimensins Mde)

24 Vectrwrks Reference Sheets 7.24 DIMENSIONS & ANNOTATIONS ABOUT DRAWING ACCURACY AND DIMENSIONING PRECISION The ability t add dimensins t yur drawing is ften critical t cmmunicating yur design intent. Fr thse wh prepare cnstructin dcumentatin, dimensining is essential. Hwever, Vectrwrks is capable f drawing and dimensining with far mre precisin than is typically necessary fr landscape cnstructin. Except fr grading & drainage plans and certain types f structural details, landscape dimensins are rarely given t a precisin f less than ne inch. Mst landscape areas are laid ut in the field t the nearest inch r even the nearest quarter-ft. TIP: Whenever pssible, yur Vectrwrks bjects shuld be drawn t precise, nn-fractinal measurements. But in sme cases, particularly when wrking with rganically curved r angled (nn-rthgnal) shapes, it will be gemetrically impssible t create everything t sme integral number f feet and inches. Setting the dimensin precisin t N Fractins will instruct VW t rund ff yur actual as-drawn dimensins t the nearest inch. Just dn t use this as an excuse t draw less precisely, hwever, since lse drawing can lead t a cumulative errr in yur plans that may end up being very detrimental. Dimensin precisin can be set fr the entire drawing at nce, r yu can verride the drawing precisin fr specific dimensins n the Object Infrmatin Palette. TIPS FOR WORKING WITH DIMENSIONS Dimensin Class: By default, unless yu instruct Vectrwrks therwise, dimensins are created in their wn class. Because they have their wn class, it s nt necessary t segregate them n a separate layer. They can be made visible r invisible by manipulating yur class visibilities as yu are wrking in yur design layers, r within yur viewprt(s). Optinally, add them as viewprt anntatins, depending n yur need. - Certain visibility & ptin settings may impede yur ability t wrk with dimensins. If it seems that yu are nt able t create them, r if they were visible ne day and gne the next, r if yu can t select/mdify them, check yur class visibilities and Class Optins settings. - The Dimensin Class shuld always be set t visible, unless yu have deliberately made them invisible fr sme specific purpse. - In general, keep yur Class Optins set t Shw/Snap/Mdify Others. It s easy t accidentally reset this when yu think yu are setting Layer Optins. - Cnversely, Layer Optins shuld rarely be set t Shw/Snap/Mdify Others. Use with cautin. Assciative Dimensins: By default, unless yu instruct Vectrwrks therwise, dimensins are created as assciative. Assciative dimensins have parametric cnstraints applied t them s that they grw & shrink as the assciated bjects are changed. - If yu want t use assciative dimensins and yu want t place yur dimensins n a separate layer frm yur bjects, r if yu want t create an assciative dimensin between tw bjects n separate layers, yu must d this with Layer Optins set t Shw/Snap/Mdify Others. - Once parametric cnstraints have been created between a dimensin bject and ne r mre ther bjects, Vectrwrks displays small green squares (nn-printing) at the crdinates where the cnstraints ccur. If yu dn t want t see these markers, yu can turn ff their visibility in Vectrwrks Preferences r by visiting View Shw Shw r Hide Cnstraints.