Space Architecture MARYLAND U N I V E R S I T Y O F. Space Architecture. ENAE 483/788D - Principles of Space Systems Design

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1 Lecture #25 November 28, 2017 Class notes Planning for 484 Discussion of design project(s) for RASC-AL Overview of space habitats Pressurized hull configurations Windows, hatches, and docking interfaces Interior layouts Truss structures David L. Akin - All rights reserved

2 2018 RASC-AL Competition Themes Reusable Hybrid Propulsion Stage Artificial Gravity Reusable Crewed Deep Space Transport Propellant Resupply Capability Lunar Pole Sample Return Architecture 2

3 Artist s Concept of SEP and Habitat 3

4 Choice of 484 RASC-AL Project(s) NASA has said that teams collaborating on the hybrid propulsion stage and artificial gravity habitat will receive preferential consideration We have submitted notices of intent for both projects (two teams) ENAE is much larger than any other RASC-AL team (typically 6-8 students) two 20+ teams are still larger Two teams, but still one class 4

5 2132 A. James Clark Hall 5

6 ENAE 484 Logistics We will hold class (TuTh 11:00-12:15) in AJC 2132 Can be split into separate spaces for each project Faculty will be available in both spaces Can easily meet together as one team when necessary You still own the Aerospace Design Lab 24/7 access for meetings, team collaborations, etc. Post drawings, schedules, rehearse design reviews Dedicated preparation area prior to design reviews If both projects are successful, we have twice the funding and can take twice the team to Florida 6

7 RASC-AL Competition Revolutionary Aerospace Systems Concept Academic Linkage ( Sponsored by advanced programs office at NASA Langley Research Center Up to 18 universities performing systems analysis on topics selected by NASA Competition in Cocoa Beach, FL in June selects best projects - awards trips to AIAA conferences Past competition has included MIT, Ga Tech, Michigan, Va Tech, USC, Penn State, WVU Record in last 10 years: 5 first places, 4 second places 7

8 RASC-AL Sponsor Requirements (1) Proposed designs should be consistent with human spacecraft requirements addressed in NASA Technical Standards 3000 and 3001 and NASA s Human Integration Design Handbook, and the physiological countermeasures identified in NASA standards should be addressed and 3001 are available on standards.nasa.gov (Select NASA Technical Standards from the left-hand navigation bar. HIDH is on human-integration-design. 8

9 RASC-AL Sponsor Requirements (2) For all RASC-AL projects, attention should be given to: Synergistic applications of NASA s planned current investments. Unique combinations of the planned elements with new innovative capabilities/technologies to support crewed and robotic exploration of the solar system. Realistic assessment of costs for technology maturation, system development, and production and operations. 9

10 RASC-AL Sponsor Requirements (3) An in depth description of module subsystems including: environmental control life support thermal structures power crew accommodations commercial operations hardware avionics (including guidance, navigation, vehicle control, communication) 10

11 RASC-AL Evaluation Criteria (1) Adherence to the requirements and constraints of the selected topic and the design competition; Synergistic application and supporting original engineering analysis of innovative capabilities and/or new technologies for evolutionary architecture development to enable future missions, reduce cost, or improve safety; Technical merit and rationale of mission operations in support of an exciting and sustainable space exploration program; Key technologies, including technology readiness levels (TRLs), as well as the systems engineering and architectural trades that guide the recommended approach; 11

12 RASC-AL Evaluation Criteria (2) Reliability and human safety consideration in trading various design options; Realistic assessment of project plan and execution of that plan, including a project schedule and test plan, as well as realistic development and annual operating costs (i.e., budget); Realistic assessment of partnering and cost sharing scenarios based upon commercial profitability and the ability of international partners to participate given their limited budgets. 12

13 RASC-AL Program Deadlines Oct. 15: Notice of Intent Jan. 21: Abstract (5 pgs.) and video (2 min) Apr. 1: Mid-Project Review (7 pgs. of text; 2 pgs. for additional graphics) May 31: Technical paper (15 pgs.) and presentation slides (30 min) upload June 18-21: RASC-AL Forum in Cocoa Beach All details available on 13

14 Matrix Organization The ENAE484 project team (45 people) will be divided into six specialty groups Systems Integration (SI) Mission Planning and Analysis (MPA) Loads, Structures, and Mechanisms (LSM) Power, Propulsion, and Thermal (PPT) Crew Systems (CS) Avionics, Flight Control, and Software (AFCS) You will be assigned to a specialty group - but you do get to express your preferences 14

15 Systems Integration Overall coordination of design activities Overall program design Development of canonical system configurations Vehicle- and system-level trade studies Cost estimation and program budgeting Mass budgeting and allocation CG and inertia matrix development Advanced technologies (e.g., robotics, EVA) 15

16 Mission Planning and Analysis Creation and maintenance of design reference mission(s) (DRM) Orbital mechanics and launch/entry trajectories Determination of operational mission objectives Concept of operations (CONOPS) Programmatic planning (sequence of missions) Science instrument/payload definition 16

17 Loads, Structures, and Mechanisms Identification and estimation of loads sources Structural design and analysis Selection of structural shapes and materials Stress modeling Deformation estimation Design optimization Design of mechanisms (docking/berthing ports, separation mechanisms, launch holddowns, engine gimbals)) Tracking of critical margins of safety 17

18 Power, Propulsion, and Thermal Electrical power generation Energy storage Power management and conditioning Primary propulsion (orbital maneuvering) Reaction control system (rotation/translation) Design of propellant storage and feed systems Thermal modeling and analysis Thermal control systems Power budgets 18

19 Crew Systems Internal layout Emergency egress systems Lighting and acoustics Window and viewing analysis Life support systems Air revitalization Water collection and regeneration Cabin thermal control Waste management Food and hygiene EVA accommodations 19

20 Avionics, Flight Control, and Software Data management (flight computers) Networking Sensors Power distribution Guidance system Control systems, including attitude control Communications Robot control systems Software Data transmission budgets 20

21 Analysis/Experimentation Goal is to incorporate elements of design/build/ fly in the Space capstone experience Use a subset of team to perform experimental activities to inform the decisions of the overall team Investigate issues (e.g., crew systems) not amenable to analysis Get results in a timely enough manner to improve the final results of the overall team Leverage other design competitions for funding and research synergies 21

22 Creating the 484 Program Structure There is an exam on Canvas to obtain your preferences for 484 working on the artificial gravity habitat or propulsion stage Relative preferences on which speciality group Relative preference on analysis vs. hardware I would like to get all your information no later than 12 noon tomorrow 484 assignments will be available Thursday 11/30 22

23 RASC-AL Abstract Requirements Five pages (not including cover page and references) Abstracts should clearly articulate the innovation and design being proposed, including original engineering analysis planned and/or in progress. Evaluation criteria: Applicability to Theme Areas (30 pts) Amount of original and/or innovative approaches with supporting engineering analysis content (35 pts) Feasibility of the mission/concept approach (35 pts) 23

24 RASC-AL Video Requirements Must include a two-minute video Intended to augment each team s abstract (proposal) by use of animation, graphics, or other creative ways of showcasing unique aspects of the proposed concept All team members must appear in video University name and project title must appear in text at start of video No copyrighted images or music Abstract and video due January 21,

25 2017 RASC-AL Video 25

26 Challenge You MUST do (at least) the videos prior to the end of this term! Also want at least a draft of the five-page abstract Last year s abstract and video linked to this lecture at spacecraft.ssl.umd.edu We re open to your ideas of how and when to do the videos, and can supply the camera gear as necessary. We ll submit the material to RASC-AL by the deadline, but we need the content from you! 26

27 A Brief Overview of Types of structures Modular approaches Configurations Expanding hard structures Inflatables Assembled structures 27

28 Monolithic Station Concept 28

29 Modular Configurations 29

30 Orion at LDRO with ISS Node Module artwork by okan170 nasaspaceflight.com 30

31 Orion at LDRO with Cygnus Module artwork by okan170 nasaspaceflight.com 31

32 Modular ISS-Derived LDRO Station artwork by okan170 nasaspaceflight.com 32

33 NASA Concept for LDRO Station artwork by okan170 nasaspaceflight.com 33

34 Russian Military Station Concept 34

35 Truss Structure 35

36 Space Station Dual Keel Concept 36

37 Artificial Gravity Station Concept 37

38 Echo II Inflatable Space Structure (1964) 38

39 Inflatable Structures 39

40 NASA Transhab Interior 40

41 41

42 42

43 43

44 44

45 Bigelow Expandable Activity Module 45

46 BEAM On-Orbit 46

47 BEAM Interior 47

48 Bigelow BA330 Inflatable 48

49 Notional BA330 Interior 49

50 BA330 Modular Station Mockup 50

51 LaRC/ILC-Dover Lunar Inflatable 51

52 LaRC/ILC-Dover Lunar Inflatable 52

53 NASA LaRC Linear Expanding Module 53

54 JSC Toroidal Inflatable Habitat 54

55 UMd Inflatable Airlock Testing (2016) 55

56 Module Interior Visualization 56

57 ISS Window 57

58 ISS Cupola 58

59 ISS Cupola Interior 59

60 ISS Common Berthing Mechanism 60

61 ISS Quest Airlock Hatch 61

62 Docking System 62

63 APAS Docking Interface 63

64 Soyuz Docking Interface 64

65 Endeavour Seat Structures 65

66 Orion Docking Ring Structure 66

67 Critical Structural Elements Windows Hatches Airlocks Transfer tunnels Docking interfaces Berthing interfaces 67