Vision Ques t. Vision Quest. Use the Vision Sensor to drive your robot in Vision Quest!

Transcription

1 Vision Ques t Vision Quest Use the Vision Sensor to drive your robot in Vision Quest!

2 Seek Discover new hands-on builds and programming opportunities to further your understanding of a subject matter.

3 The Completed Look of the Build Completed VEX EDR Speed Build This robot is designed so that it can be built quickly and driven around either autonomously or with the V5 Controller.

4 Build Instructions

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25 Build Instruction Tips Check the Appendix for info on how to use the new Hex Nut Retainers. Step 4: The green icon indicates that the build needs to be flipped over (upside down). Step 6: Only one of the two sub-assemblies made in this step is used right now. The other will be used later in step 9. Step 7: Make sure your Smart Motors are oriented in the correct direction (screw holes facing the outside of the build and the shaft hole towards the inside). Step 10: Make sure your Smart Motors are oriented in the correct direction (screw holes facing the outside of the build and the shaft hole towards the inside). Step 18: The green icon indicates that the build needs to be rotated (180 degrees). Step 20: The blue call out shows what the orientation of the Robot Brain should be if the build were flipped right side up. Make sure the 3 wire ports on the Robot Brain are facing the V5 Radio!

26 Step 22: The green call outs indicate which port on the Robot Brain to plug each device into using their respective cable.

27 Exploration The VEX EDR Speed Build is meant to get you comfortable working with the system as quickly as possible. Now that the build is finished, explore and see what it can do. Then answer these questions in your engineering notebook. What types of activities could this build be used for in real-world situations? What are the best features of this build? If you were tasked with designing a new version of this build, what would you add or remove from the build to improve its ability to push objects? Explain with details and sketches.

28 Play Test your build, observe how it functions, and fuel your logic and reasoning skills through imaginative, creative play.

29 Vision Sensor Description The Vision Sensor allows your robot to collect visual data from a live feed. The Vision Sensor is like a smart camera that can observe, select, adjust, and store colors and objects that appear in its visual field. Vision Sensor Common Uses: This sensor can be used for recognizing colors and color patterns. This sensor can be used to follow an object. This sensor can be used to collect information about the environment.

30 Technology as Inputs, Processing, and Outputs A piece of technology with inputs and outputs Technology as Inputs, Processing, and Outputs Technology exists to solve problems. A piece of technology, especially electronic and computerized technology, accomplishes this by taking input data, processing it into another useful form, and then outputting it to be used elsewhere. Different technologies involve different sets of inputs, outputs, and processes. For example, a calculator takes the sequences of numbers and mathematical operators a person inputs, processes those numbers and operations to calculate a result, and then outputs that result on a screen for the person. In robotics, sensors serve as the input by collecting data from the robot's environment. The robot brain runs a program that processes how the sensor input data should affect the robot behavior, and then the robot performs actions (output) such as spinning motors or displaying on the LCD.

31 Experimenting with the Vision Sensor Hardware/Software Required: Amount Hardware/Software 1 VEX EDR V5 Classroom Super Kit (with up-to-date firmware) 1 VEX Coding Studio (latest version, Windows, MacOS) 1 Engineering Notebook 3 Solid colored objects (green, yellow, and red) or the Color Tracking Printout (printed and cut out) 1 ColorTracking.vex Project File 1 Micro USB Cable Vision Sensor in Screw Attaching the Vision Sensor Attaching the Vision Sensor to the VEX EDR Speed Build

32 Use the instructions in the image above to attach the Vision Sensor to your VEX EDR Speed Build with a in Screw. 2. Connecting the Vision Sensor Connecting the Vision Sensor Using a V5 Smart Cable, connect the Vision Sensor to Smart Port 5 on the V5 Robot Brain. 3. Opening the Project File VEX Coding Studio prompt Download the ColorTracking.vex Project File from the Hardware/Software Required table at the top of this page. It contains the code needed for the vision sensor to complete the challenges in this STEM lab.

33 Then Launch VEX Coding Studio. Click on Open Project and select the ColorTracking.vex file to open it. 4. Observing the Program Blocks ColorTracking.vex Blocks view The program uses the Vision Sensor on the robot to look for 3 different color signatures: green, yellow, and red. If the Vision Sensor detects green, the robot drives forward. If it detects yellow, the robot turns to the right. If it detects red, the robot turns to the left. If none of those colors is detected, the robot stops.

34 5. Calibrating the Vision Sensor Vision Sensor connected using a Micro USB cable The ColorTracking.vex program includes color signatures for green, yellow, and red objects, but the exact coloring of your objects and lighting conditions of your area greatly impact the Vision Sensor readings. Configure color signatures for your green, yellow, and red objects in the lighting conditions where you are operating your robot. Be sure to store green as signature 1, yellow as signature 2, and red as signature 3 using the Vision Sensor Utility. After completing the color signature configuration, disconnect the Micro USB from the Vision Sensor.

35 6. Positioning the Robot VEX EDR Speed Build propped up Position the robot so that its wheels are not making contact with a surface, or so that it has room to move without running into obstacles or falling off of a surface. The program will automatically run once it has been downloaded to the robot.

36 7. Downloading and Running a Program The "Download to Robot" button in VEX Coding Studio Make sure that your robot is connected to your computer using the Micro USB Cable, and download and run the program. 8. Observing the Program Behavior VEX EDR Speed Build running the ColorTracking.vex program

37 Use the green, yellow, and red colored objects to control the movement of the robot. When you move one of the objects above the Vision Sensor, the LCD on the V5 Robot Brain should update to reflect that it detects the object and the Smart Motors should begin moving in the appropriate directions. In this configuration, which part of the system is acting as an input? Which part is performing the processing? What is the output? Record your findings in your engineering notebook. 9. Experimenting with Object Distance Varying the distance between the Vision Sensor and colored object

38 With each colored object, experiment with how far away the Vision Sensor is able to detect it. Is the detectable distance the same or different for each color? How important is it for each object to stay directly above the Vision Sensor? Record your findings in your engineering notebook. 10. Experimenting with Lighting Condition Varying the lighting conditions Move the robot and colored objects into another area with different lighting conditions (lighter or darker). Observe how the change in lighting conditions affects the Vision Sensor's ability to detect each colored object. Is any object affected more than the others? Record your findings in your engineering notebook.

39 Apply Become a 21st century problem solver by applying the core skills and concepts you learned to other problems.

40 Perception with Self-Driving Vehicles A self-driving vehicle with an array of sensors Perception with Self-Driving Vehicles Self-driving vehicles use a wide array of sensors to perceive their surroundings, on-board computers to combine and process the data from all of those sensors, and one or more motors to safely move the vehicle along the road. Self-driving vehicles often make use of high resolution cameras to be able to recognize things such as pedestrians, road signs, and other vehicles. Vision data from the cameras is often combined with sensors that use lasers to measure distance between the vehicle and other objects. This allows the on-board computers to make decisions based on what types of objects are in their environment, and how far away each object is.

41 VEX EDR V5 Ball Launcher VEX EDR V5 Ball Launcher Robot Capabilities The VEX EDR V5 Ball Launcher includes a Vision Sensor mounted above the robot, angled downward. This robot can be programmed to turn until the Vision Sensor detects a colored ball, and then drive toward it. When the Vision Sensor detects that the robot is close enough to the ball, the robot can pull it in using its intake, and then shoot it out at a target or goal.

42 Rethink Is there a more efficient way to come to the same conclusion? Take what you ve learned and try to improve it.

43 Prepare for the Vision Quest Challenge A sample of a Vision Quest course Challenge Preparation In this challenge, you need to drive your robot through a course of tight corridors using only the Vision Sensor and colored objects to guide its movement. Work with your classmates to design a course that requires the robot to complete at least 5 movements (forward, turn right, turn left) to get from the beginning to the end. To create the course you will need: Multiple boxes, books, 3-ring binders, or other objects to create walls Stopwatch (or use the program timer on the V5 Robot Brain) Colored paper or tape (to mark locations on the ground) to designate starting and ending zones Pencil and paper to record times

44 Improve Your Build Answer the following questions in your engineering notebook as you tinker with the build. Experiment with different placements and orientations of the Vision Sensor to improve your ability to control the robot using colored objects. Explain with details and/or sketches which changes you made. Experiment with controlling the robot using different colored objects. Record your results. Use the arrow button in the Vision Sensor Utility to expand or reduce the range of each color signature. How does this affect the Vision Sensor's ability to detect each object? Record your results. Make your changes to the build and then test them. Do you think your changes were generally successful? Why? Using what you've learned during testing, what changes do you have planned for your last iteration of the build before attempting the course? Explain with details and/or sketches what changes you would like to make.

45 The Vision Quest Challenge VEX EDR Speed Build in the Vision Quest course Vision Quest Challenge In this challenge, you need to drive your robot through a course of tight corridors using only the Vision Sensor and colored objects to guide its movement. Work with your classmates to complete the course using at least 5 movements (forward, turn right, turn left) to get from the beginning to the end. Compete with your classmates to see who can get through the course the fastest! Challenge rules: The robot must begin on the starting zone (indicated by paper or tape). The timer must start as soon as the robot moves. The timer should be stopped once the robot reaches the ending zone (indicated by paper or tape). Add five seconds to the end of your time every time the robot touches one of the course walls.

46 The robot must complete one run through the course. Stop the timer as soon as the robot reaches the designated end location. Have fun!

47 Know Understand the core concepts and how to apply them to different situations. This review process will fuel motivation to learn.

48 Review 1. Example of devices used to make inputs are: o Keyboard, mouse, scanner, printer o Keyboard, projector, controller, mouse o Scanner, mouse, controller, printer o Keyboard, scanner, controller, microphone 2. A self-driving vehicle uses sensors and motors to ensure riders are safe. o True o False 3. Example of devices to make outputs are: o Headphones, mouse, scanner, printer o Headphones, mouse, keyboard, printer o Keyboard, speakers, scanner, monitor o Headphones, screen, projector, printer 4. Taking data and changing it into another useful form in technology is: o Processing o Turning o Surrogate o Shifting 5. An open-loop system often requires something in its input-processingoutput that a closed-loop system does not require. What is it? o Robot o Controller o Monitor

49 o Human intervention

50 Appendix Additional information, resources, and materials.

51 Using the 1 Post Hex Nut Retainer w/ Bearing Flat 1 Post Hex Nut Retainer w/ Bearing Flat Using the 1 Post Hex Nut Retainer w/ Bearing Flat The 1 Post Hex Nut Retainer w/ Bearing Flat allows shafts to spin smoothly through holes in structural components. When mounted, it provides two points of contact on structural components for stability. One end of the retainer contains a post sized to securely fit in the square hole of a structural component. The center hole of the retainer is sized and slotted to securely fit a hex nut, allowing a 8-32 screw to easily be tightened without the need for a wrench or pliers. The hole on the end of the Retainer is intended for shafts or screws to pass through. To make use of the retainer: Align it on a VEX structural component such that the end hole is in the desired location, and the center and end sections are also backed by the structural component.

52 Insert the square post extruding from the retainer into the structural component to help keep it in place. Insert a hex nut into the center section of the retainer so that it is flush with the rest of the component. Align any additional structural components to the back of the main structural component, if applicable. Use an 8-32 screw of appropriate length to secure the structural component(s) to the retainer through the center hole and hex nut.

53 Perception with Self-Driving Vehicles A self-driving vehicle with an array of sensors Perception with Self-Driving Vehicles Self-driving vehicles use a wide array of sensors to perceive their surroundings, on-board computers to combine and process the data from all of those sensors, and one or more motors to safely move the vehicle along the road. Self-driving vehicles often make use of high resolution cameras to be able to recognize things such as pedestrians, road signs, and other vehicles. Vision data from the cameras is often combined with sensors that use lasers to measure distance between the vehicle and other objects. This allows the on-board computers to make decisions based on what types of objects are in their environment, and how far away each object is.

54 The Vision Quest Challenge VEX EDR Speed Build in the Vision Quest course Vision Quest Challenge In this challenge, you need to drive your robot through a course of tight corridors using only the Vision Sensor and colored objects to guide its movement. Work with your classmates to design a course that requires the robot to complete at least 5 movements (forward, turn right, turn left) to get from the beginning to the end. Compete with your classmates to see who can get through the course the fastest! Challenge rules: The robot must begin on the starting zone (indicated by paper or tape). The timer must start as soon as the robot moves. The timer should be stopped once the robot reaches the ending zone (indicated by paper or tape). Add five seconds to the end of your time every time the robot touches one of the course walls.

55 The robot must complete one run through the course. Stop the timer as soon as the robot reaches the designated end location. Have fun!

56 Using the 4 Post Hex Nut Retainer 4 Post Hex Nut Retainer Using the 4 Post Hex Nut Retainer The 4 Post Hex Nut Retainer provides five points of contact for creating a strong connection between two structural components using one screw and nut. Each corner of the retainer contains a post sized to securely fit in a square hole within a structural component. The center of the retainer is sized and slotted to securely fit a hex nut, allowing a 8-32 screw to easily be tightened without the need for a wrench or pliers. To make use of the retainer: Align it on a VEX structural component such that the center hole is in the desired location, and each corner is also backed by the structural component. Insert the square posts extruding from the retainer into the structural component to help keep it in place. Insert a hex nut into the center section of the retainer so that it is flush with the rest of the component.

57 Align any additional structural components to the back of the main structural component, if applicable. Use an 8-32 screw of appropriate length to secure the structural component(s) to the retainer through the center hole and hex nut.

58 Prepare for the Vision Quest Challenge A sample of a Vision Quest course Challenge Preparation In this challenge, you need to drive your robot through a course of tight corridors using only the Vision Sensor and colored objects to guide its movement. Work with your classmates to design a course that requires the robot to complete at least 5 movements (forward, turn right, turn left) to get from the beginning to the end. To create the course you will need: Multiple boxes, books, 3-ring binders, or other objects to create walls Stopwatch (or use the program timer on the V5 Robot Brain) Colored paper or tape (to mark locations on the ground) to designate starting and ending zones Pencil and paper to record times

59 Using the 1 Post Hex Nut Retainer 1 Post Hex Nut Retainer Using the 1 Post Hex Nut Retainer The 1 Post Hex Nut Retainer provides two points of contact for connecting a structural component to another piece using one screw and nut. One end of the retainer contains a post sized to securely fit in the square hole of a structural component. The other end of the retainer is sized and slotted to securely fit a hex nut, allowing a 8-32 screw to easily be tightened without the need for a wrench or pliers. To make use of the retainer: Align it on a VEX structural component such that both ends are backed by the structural component and positioned to secure the second piece. Insert the square post extruding from the retainer into the structural component to help keep it in place. If the retainer is being used to secure two structural components, insert a hex nut into the other end of the retainer so that it is flush with the rest of the component. If used to

60 secure a different type of component, such as a standoff, it may be appropriate to insert the screw through this side. Align any additional components to the back of the main structural component, if applicable. If the retainer is being used to connect two structural components, use an 8-32 screw of appropriate length to secure the structural components through the hole and hex nut. If used to connect a different type of component, such as a standoff, secure it directly or with a hex nut.

61 Engineering Notebooks Alexander Graham Bell's notebook entry from a successful experiment with his first telephone An Engineering Notebook Documents your Work Not only do you use an engineering notebook to organize and document your work, it is also a place to reflect on activities and projects. When working in a team, each team member will maintain their own journal to help with collaboration. Your engineering notebook should have the following: An entry for each day or session that you worked on the solution Entries that are chronological, with each entry dated Clear, neat, and concise writing and organization Labels so that a reader understands all of your notes and how they fit into your iterative design process An entry might include: Brainstorming ideas Sketches or pictures of prototypes

62 Pseudocode and flowcharts for planning Any worked calculations or algorithms used Answers to guiding questions Notes about observations and/or conducted tests Notes about and reflections on your different iterations

63 Parts Ne eded Can be built with: VEX EDR V5 Classroom Starter Kit