SF 6 Characteristics and Re-use Concept

Transcription

1 DILO. Sustainably tight. SF 6 Characteristics and Re-use Concept Peter Jannick / Solvay Fluor

2 Overview What is sulphur hexafluoride? Decomposition products SF 6 gas specifications IEC Standards SF 6 ReUse concept Storage, labelling, transportation of SF 6 Gas Repeated test for gas cylinders and containers Categorization of used SF 6 gas product or waste? February 2013 Introduction Page 2

3 Characteristics of SF 6 gas Properties Colourless and odourless Chemically inert Non toxic, non flammable, non corrosive Approx. 5 times heavier than air 6.08 g / L Excellent arc-quenching and insulation properties Sound velocity is around 1/3 compared to air Thermally constant up to 500 C SF 6 is a relatively ozone friendly gas February 2013 Characteristics of SF6 gas Page 3

4 Characteristics of SF 6 gas Essential to know SF 6 is a greenhouse gas with a Global Warming Potential (GWP) of 22,200. The lifetime in the atmosphere is around 3,200 years. It is colourless and odourless and therefore goes unnoticed. It displaces the air and thus the oxygen required for breathing. Because it is heavier than air, it can accumulate on the ground and in areas below ground level, where it creates a suffocation hazard. February 2013 Characteristics of SF6 gas Page Seite 4

5 Characteristics of SF 6 gas Advantages by using SF 6 gas Closed and compact electrical components Insensitive to environmental influences (moisture, sand, salt) High personal safety Low maintenance efforts High reliability Higher switching performance (oil/air/sf 6 -techn. = 1:3..4) By using SF 6 gas it is possible to build space saving electrical components with a higher switching performance like oil or air insulated applications. At the moment no comparable alternatives to SF 6 gas are available. February 2013 Characteristics of SF6 gas Page Seite 5

6 Decomposition products Build-up of decomposition products During arc quenching, the SF 6 gas can react with the electrodes or the surface materials of the internal components. Metal fluorides SF 6 decomposition Decomposition products Gaseous decomposition products (smell of rotten eggs) Solid decomposition products (particles or grey dust) Solid decomposition products February 2013 Decomposition products Page 6

7 How to remove decomposition products? Solid decomposition products with particle filters in the pre-filter unit and the particle filter in the service cart during recovery process with a dry vacuum cleaner (dust class H ) from the open gas compartment. Gaseous decomposition products with filters in the gas compartment and with the filters in the pre-filter unit and the particle filter in the service cart. Dry filter Particle filter February 2013 Decomposition products Page 7

8 Specifications of SF 6 gas Specification (electrical standards) for sulphur hexafluoride IEC Specification for new SF 6 gas IEC Specification for used SF 6 gas IEC SF 6 ReUse Specification Air / CF 4 Max. 1 Vol.-% < 3 Vol.-% < 30 Vol-% air < 5 Vol-% CF 4 Water (Dew point) -36 C at p a 1 bar < 25 ppm (mass) -23 C at p a 1 bar (medium voltage) -36 C at p a 1 bar (high voltage) < 1,000 ppm (mass) approx C at p a 1bar Oil < 10 ppm (mass) <10 ppm (mass) < 1,000 ppm (mass) HF, SO 2 < 1 ppm v < 12 ppm v SO 2 < 50 ppm v total > 12 ppm v SO 2 > 50 ppm v total Regeneration at the SF 6 producer February 2013 Specifications Page 8

9 Specifications of SF 6 gas Explanation of applied terms New SF 6 gas - SF 6 that has not been used before, supplied by the manufacturer Non-decomposed SF 6 gas" - SF 6 gas, that has already been used but has not yet been exposed to an electric arc Normally decomposed SF 6 gas - SF 6 gas that has been in use for several years in normal switching operations under normal operating conditions Highly decomposed SF 6 gas - SF 6 gas that has been exposed once or several times to strong electric arcs during breaking operations (e. g. short-circuits) February 2013 Specifications Page9

10 The SF 6 ReUse Concept Established since 1991: Three cases Provision of suitable packing (ReUse bottles and containers) Transport and labelling according to the gas quality Analysis of the used SF 6 gas at the gas producer Direct integration in the production process without special cleaning process Producing of new SF 6 gas according to IEC / VDE quality February 2013 Re-Use Concept Page 10

11 The SF 6 ReUse Concept First case: On-site re-use 1. Measuring the gas quality with a multi-function device (3 in 1) Decomposition products SF 6 volume percentage Dew point temperature 2. Recovery of contaminated gas, preparation and storage in liquid or gaseous form 3. Registration of the recovered SF 6 gas quantity (monitoring) 4. Measurement of the prepared gas 5. If the purified SF 6 gas does not exceed IEC limit values, it is allowed to be reused. February 2013 Re-Use Concept Page 11

12 The SF 6 ReUse Concept Second case: Recovery and regeneration to produce new gas in accordance with IEC Checking the gas quality at the electrical component SO 2 decomposition products H 2 O Air Oil mist Recovery on site Regeneration at the SF 6 producer Re-use cylinders Laboratory gas analysis / Re-use specification New gas acc. to IEC VDE SF 6 filled electrical component February 2013 Re-Use Concept Page 12

13 Feed-in of used SF 6 in production process February 2013 Re-Use Concept Page 13

14 The SF 6 ReUse Concept Third case: Recovery and disposal of SF 6 Checking the gas quality at the electrical component SO 2 decomposition products H 2 O Air Oil mist Recovery on site No regeneration possible Re-use cylinders Laboratory gas analysis / Re-use specification at the SF 6 producer Disposal Chemical waste incineration facility February 2013 Re-Use Concept Page 14

15 Summary of all SF 6 Re-use cases Checking the gas quality at the electrical component SO 2 decomposition products H 2 O Air Oil mist Recovery on site (IEC 60480) Regeneration at the SF 6 producer (IEC ) Good (97 %) SF 6 producer SF 6 Service Device New SF 6 according IEC 60376, VDE SF 6 filled electrical component Special case SF 6 producer Chemical waste incineration facility February 2013 Re-Use Concept Page 15

16 The SF 6 ReUse Concept Which electrical standards are applicable to new SF 6 that has not previously been used? IEC 60376/VDE (guidelines on technical-grade sulphur hexafluoride SF 6 for use in electric power equipment) If the gas is recovered on site, the used SF 6 is (IEC 60480) purified using SF 6 service units and returned to the electric power equipment Used SF6-gas which does not meet the criteria of the IEC regulations after gas recovery is filled into special re-use containers, analyzed in the laboratory, returned to the SF 6 gas production process and regenerated as new product quality gas. February 2013 Re-Use Concept Page 16

17 Storage of SF 6 Pressurized in steel cylinders Cool and well-ventilated places Storing away from direct sunlight, Storage temperature < 50 C according TRG 310, section 3.3 Keep away from heat and flames Secure the cylinder from overturning and rolling away February 2013 Storage, labelling, transport Page 17

18 Transportation of new and used SF 6 New SF 6 Used SF 6 SF 6 Re-use Cylinders Different wall thickness (TRG) and bottle connections (Typ A, DIN 477) February 2013 Storage, labelling, transport Page 18

19 Different valves for new and used SF 6 Different materials and threads (Typ A, DIN 477) February 2013 Storage, labelling, transport Page 19

20 Labels for SF 6 Label for new SF 6 The labels have a different colour, different UN numbers, different signal words and different warning hints! Label for used SF6 H280 Contains gas under pressure; may explode if heated P410 Storing away from direct sunlight P403 Store at cool and well ventilated places February 2013 Storage, labelling, transport Page 20

21 Questions to SF 6 bottles / ReUse bottles or containers How do the re-use gas cylinders differ from the new gas cylinders? They have a stainless steel valve and a different thread They have a different colour coding (orange or yellow shoulder) How should SF 6 gas cylinders be stored? Away from direct sunlight In a roofed, dry storage area, secured against overturning or stored on their sides Do repeat tests (pressure tests) need to be performed on the SF 6 cylinders? Yes, according to the stamping on the cylinder (10 years respectively 5 years) February 2013 Storage, labelling, transport Page 21

22 Markings for the transportation on road New SF 6 UN-Number: 1080 Classification code: 2 Dangerous category: 2.2 Used SF 6 according to IEC UN-Number: 3163 Classification code: 2A Dangerous category: 2.2 Used SF 6 UN-Nummer: 3308 Classification code: 2TC Dangerous category: February 2013 Storage, labelling, transport Page 22

23 Road transport Rating based on point system 1,000 points may be transported without driving licence for transport of hazardous goods, without labeling of the vehicle, without tunnel limitation and without vehicle registration for transporting hazardous goods. UN No New gas 1 kg corresponds to 1 point 1,000 kg UN No Used gas according to IEC kg corresponds to 1 point 1,000 kg UN No Re-use gas 1 kg corresponds to 50 points 20 kg February 2013 Storage, labelling, transport Page 23

24 Transport of used SF 6 gas Transportation of used SF 6 as dangerous waste with corresponding code number in case the owner decides for disposal instead of reuse as used gas if the limit values of the IEC are complied with as reusable economic good by using special packing if the gas manufacturer s specification according to IEC is complied with February 2013 Storage, labelling, transport Seite 24

25 Repeated tests for compressed gas cylinders and containers Gas cylinders (5 40 kg) Containers (600 kg) New gas every 10 years Hydrostatic test New gas every 10 years Hydrostatic test Containers (40 kg and 600 kg) Re-Use gas every 5 years Hydrostatic test February 2013 Repeated tests Page 25

26 Categorization of used SF 6 Product or Waste? Gas Analysis On site Lab/manufacturer or Gas manufacturer Compliant with IEC Compliant with IEC TR Not compliant with IEC TR Used SF 6 suitable for Reuse on site Pollution values according to IEC Used SF 6 suitable for Reuse at the gas manufacturers : Pollution values according to IEC It has to be disposed of according to local or international regulations on waste management Product Product Waste February 2013 Categorization Page 26

27 DILO. Sustainably tight. DILO Armaturen und Anlagen GmbH Frundsbergstrasse 36 D Babenhausen Tel.: +49 (0) Fax: +49 (0)