PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE. Event: SPIE Defense and Security Symposium, 2008, Orlando, Florida, United States

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1 PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE SPIEDigitalLibrary.org/conference-proceedings-of-spie Front Matter: Volume 6948, "Front Matter: Volume 6948," Proc. SPIE 6948, Passive Millimeter-Wave Imaging Technology XI, (13 May 2008); doi: / Event: SPIE Defense and Security Symposium, 2008, Orlando, Florida, United States

2 PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE Passive Millimeter-Wave Imaging Technology XI Roger Appleby David A. Wikner Editors March 2008 Orlando, Florida, USA Sponsored and Published by SPIE Volume 6948 Proceedings of SPIE, X, v SPIE is an international society advancing an interdisciplinary approach to the science and application of light.

3 The papers included in this volume were part of the technical conference cited on the cover and title page. Papers were selected and subject to review by the editors and conference program committee. Some conference presentations may not be available for publication. The papers published in these proceedings reflect the work and thoughts of the authors and are published herein as submitted. The publisher is not responsible for the validity of the information or for any outcomes resulting from reliance thereon. Please use the following format to cite material from this book: Author(s), "Title of Paper," in Passive Millimeter-Wave Imaging Technology XI, edited by Roger Appleby, David A. Wikner, Proceedings of SPIE Vol (SPIE, Bellingham, WA, 2008) Article CID Number. ISSN X ISBN Published by SPIE P.O. Box 10, Bellingham, Washington USA Telephone (Pacific Time) Fax SPIE.org Copyright 2008, Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers Copying of material in this book for internal or personal use, or for the internal or personal use of specific clients, beyond the fair use provisions granted by the U.S. Copyright Law is authorized by SPIE subject to payment of copying fees. The Transactional Reporting Service base fee for this volume is $18.00 per article (or portion thereof), which should be paid directly to the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA Payment may also be made electronically through CCC Online at copyright.com. Other copying for republication, resale, advertising or promotion, or any form of systematic or multiple reproduction of any material in this book is prohibited except with permission in writing from the publisher. The CCC fee code is X/08/$ Printed in the United States of America. Publication of record for individual papers is online in the SPIE Digital Library. SPIEDigitalLibrary.org Paper Numbering: Proceedings of SPIE follow an e-first publication model, with papers published first online and then in print and on CD-ROM. Papers are published as they are submitted and meet publication criteria. A unique, consistent, permanent citation identifier (CID) number is assigned to each article at the time of the first publication. Utilization of CIDs allows articles to be fully citable as soon they are published online, and connects the same identifier to all online, print, and electronic versions of the publication. SPIE uses a six-digit CID article numbering system in which: The first four digits correspond to the SPIE volume number. The last two digits indicate publication order within the volume using a Base 36 numbering system employing both numerals and letters. These two-number sets start with 00, 01, 02, 03, 04, 05, 06, 07, 08, 09, 0A, 0B 0Z, followed by 10-1Z, 20-2Z, etc. The CID number appears on each page of the manuscript. The complete citation is used on the first page, and an abbreviated version on subsequent pages. Numbers in the index correspond to the last two digits of the six-digit CID number.

4 Contents v Conference Committee SESSION 1 SYSTEMS Millimeter wave case study of operational deployments: retail, airport, military, courthouse, and customs [ ] G. V. Tryon, Brijot Imaging Systems, Inc. (USA) Multispectral mm-wave imaging: materials and images [ ] N. E. Alexander, C. Callejero Andrés, Alfa Imaging S.A. (Spain); R. Gonzalo, Univ. Pública de Navarra (Spain) Far field millimeter-wave imaging via optical upconversion [ ] J. P. Samluk, C. A. Schuetz, E. L. Stein, Jr., A. Robbins, D. G. Mackrides, R. D. Martin, C. Chen, D. W. Prather, Univ. of Delaware (USA) Imaging with modular linear arrays of cryogenic Nb microbolometers [ ] E. N. Grossman, National Institute of Standards and Technology (USA); C. R. Dietlein, National Institute of Standards and Technology (USA) and Univ. of Colorado, Boulder (USA); J. E. Bjarnason, National Institute of Standards and Technology (USA); M. Ramirez, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder (USA); M. Leivo, VTT (Finland); J. A. Penttila, Aivon Oy (Finland); P. Helisto, A. Luukanen, VTT (Finland) SESSION 2 ENABLING TECHNOLOGY A wideband radiometer module for an unamplified direct detection scalable W-band imaging array [ ] J. H. Schaffner, J. J. Lynch, K. V. Guinn, J. N. Schulman, H. P. Moyer, R. Bowen, M. Musni, HRL Labs., LLC (USA) Design, fabrication, and characterization of LiNbO3 optical modulator for high-sensitivity mmw imaging system [ ] P. Yao, R. Shireen, J. Macario, C. A. Schuetz, S. Shi, D. W. Prather, Univ. of Delaware (USA) Development of a low cost 94GHz imaging receiver using multi-layer liquid crystal polymer technology [ ] P. J. Rice, M. Black, J. McNicol, MMIC Solutions (United Kingdom); P. D. Munday, K. Adamson, L. Smethurst, QinetiQ (United Kingdom) A Unintended illumination for PMMW systems [ ] A. Pergande, Lockheed Martin (USA) B Wideband fractal antennas for holographic imaging and rectenna applications [ ] K. J. Bunch, D. L. McMakin, D. M. Sheen, Pacific Northwest National Lab. (USA) iii

5 6948 0C Extended depth of field imaging at 94 GHz [ ] J. N. Mait, D. A. Wikner, Army Research Lab. (USA); M. S. Mirotznik, The Catholic Univ. of America (USA); J. van der Gracht, Holospex, Inc. (USA); G. P. Behrmann, B. L. Good, S. A. Mathews, The Catholic Univ. of America (USA) E Absorption, transmission, and scattering of expanded polystyrene at millimeter-wave and terahertz frequencies [ ] C. R. Dietlein, Univ. of Colorado at Boulder (USA) and National Institute of Standards and Technology (USA); J. E. Bjarnason, E. N. Grossman, National Institute of Standards and Technology (USA); Z. Popović, Univ. of Colorado at Boulder (USA) SESSION 3 IMAGE PROCESSING F A novel approach to automatic threat detection in MMW imagery of people scanned in portals [ ] N. M. Vaidya, T. Williams, Millivision Technologies (USA) SESSION 4 SECURITY J Rapid passive MMW security screening portal [ ] C. A. Martin, Trex Enterprises Corp. (USA); C. E. García González, Univ. Complutense de Madrid (Spain); V. G. Kolinko, J. A. Lovberg, Trex Enterprises Corp. (USA) K The monitoring of critical infrastructures using microwave radiometers [ ] M. Peichl, S. Dill, M. Jirousek, H. Süß, DLR (Germany) L Standoff detection of concealed handguns [ ] N. Rezgui, D. Andrews, N. Bowring, Manchester Metropolitan Univ. (United Kingdom); S. Harmer, Queen Mary Univ. of London (United Kingdom); M. Southgate, Manchester Metropolitan Univ. (United Kingdom) M Active imaging at 350 GHz for security applications [ ] D. M. Sheen, D. L. McMakin, U.S. Department of Energy (USA); J. Barber, Battelle Memorial Institute (USA); T. E. Hall, R. H. Severtsen, U.S. Department of Energy (USA) N Millimeter wave imaging for concealed weapon detection and surveillance at up to 220 GHz [ ] S. Stanko, D. Nötel, J. Huck, S. Wirtz, F. Klöppel, H. Essen, FGAN-FHR (Germany) O Passive THz imaging system for stand-off identification of concealed objects: results from a turn-key 16 pixel imager [ ] A. Luukanen, Millimetre Wave Lab. of Finland (Finland); L. Grönberg, T. Haarnoja, P. Helistö, K. Kataja, M. Leivo, A. Rautiainen, VTT (Finland); J. Penttilä, Aivon Oy (Finland); J. E. Bjarnason, National Institute of Standards and Technology (USA); C. R. Dietlein, M. D. Ramirez, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder (USA) and National Institute of Standards and Technology (USA); E. N. Grossman, National Institute of Standards and Technology (USA) Author Index iv

6 Conference Committee Symposium Chair Larry B. Stotts, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (USA) Symposium Cochair Ray O. Johnson, Lockheed Martin Corporation (USA) Program Track Chair Roger Appleby, QinetiQ Ltd. (United Kingdom) Conference Chairs Roger Appleby, QinetiQ Ltd. (United Kingdom) David A. Wikner, Army Research Laboratory (USA) Program Committee Dennis W. Prather, University of Delaware (USA) Christopher A. Schuetz, University of Delaware (USA) Session Chairs 1 Systems Christopher A. Martin, Trex Enterprises Corporation (USA) 2 Enabling Technology David A. Wikner, Army Research Laboratory (USA) 3 Image Processing Christopher A. Schuetz, University of Delaware (USA) 4 Security Roger Appleby, QinetiQ Ltd. (United Kingdom) v

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