Advanced Automation for Irrigation Using GSM Approach with Smart Sensors

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1 Advanced Automation for Irrigation Using GSM Approach with Smart Sensors Piyush C.Deshmukh Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Zeal Education Society's Dnyanganga College of Engineering & Research, Narhe, Pune, India. Vivekanand B. Shere Department of Electronics & Telecommunication Zeal Education Society's Dnyanganga College of Engineering & Research, Narhe, Pune, India. Abstract In past few years, automatic irrigation system has seen a rapid growth in terms of technology. At present cost-saving technology, labor-saving are the addressing key issues in irrigation. The implementation of a monitoring and control system for Agricultural Motor based on GSM automation using sensors is described. As the name suggested the automatic control is for controlling the motor from remote place, look over its operating conditions, get feedback from motor itself. Our target is to control the motor from distant place by mobile DTMF tone and also get feedback by SMS while it is ON or OFF and making it ON or OFF by sending SMS. We can make time scheduling for motor ON or OFF. We also ensure the safe operation of the motor by detecting the voltage of source and ensure feedback from system it is over or under voltage. Advanced automation is done with the help of soil moisture sensor and phase supply protection circuitry. Farmers need not be present at location; he can manage things from remote place Index Terms Micro-controller, GSM Automation, Soil Moisture Sensor, Motor, Phase Voltage and Current Detection. I. INTRODUCTION India is the agricultural country. Optimum and timely water supply i.e. irrigation is the most important parameter for the agriculture. All the farmers are dependent on electric water pump for irrigation which needs its proper automation/ protection. Now a day s failure is major problem in villages due to which farmers are facing lot of problems for their 3-phase motors (pumps) used for irrigation of farms. In running condition of AC motor if any one phase fails, motor may damage due to reverse current from remaining phases. When power will reinstate, farmer has to go/come towards motor starter or he has to come back if he is not present in the farm. Also frequent power cuts and low voltage supply create big hurdle to the farmer and thus it needs continuous manual monitoring. To avoid all these drawbacks a new system is proposed named Advanced Automation for Irrigation Using GSM Approach with Smart Sensors. A GSM based farm irrigation system has two major technologies behind it, primarily being the GSM and secondary one is the controller or processor. GSM (Global system for mobile communication) is a standard set used for describing protocols for digital cellular networks. This GSM facility serves as an important part for controlling the irrigation on field and sending result to the farmer using coded signals to the mobile devices which indirectly controls the entire farm irrigation system. The controller works as a central core for functioning of the automated process after it has been initiated by the GSM based device and finally presents output to the device

2 II. PROPOSED WORK By using this proposed system a farmer can monitor power on/off, voltage supply level from home or anywhere using mobile phone as well as he can switch on or off the motor manually in the farm. Different protections are incorporated in this system which are: 1) Phase Fail Protection: Any one phase fails, remaining phases will be disconnected from motor by relay switching. 2) Dry Water Protection: If there is no water source, motor will not start/become on. 3) Field Moisture Protection: When complete farm will become properly wet, motor automatically becomes off. 4) Over/under Voltage, Current Protection This is cost Effective and motor preventive system for farmers. It has following Features: a) The motor can made ON/OFF by sending a simple message via registered mobile number, can be switched ON/OFF manually b) Phase wise current and voltage can be monitored on mobile display under ON/OFF condition c) Different timers can be set for switching the motor d) I has IVR Mode also by which motor is operated by pressing numbers 1,2,3 etc. Instead of message. III. DETAILED STUDY Yunseop (James) Kim, Robert G. Evans, and William M. Iversen [1] describes details of the design and instrumentation of variable rate irrigation, a wireless sensor network, and software for real-time in-field sensing and control of a sitespecific precision linear-move irrigation system. Field conditions were site-specifically monitored by six in-field sensor stations distributed across the field based on a soil property map, and periodically sampled and wirelessly transmitted to a base station. An irrigation machine was converted to be electronically controlled by a programming logic controller. Purnima, S.R.N. Reddy, PhD.[2] gives a review of remote control and monitoring systems based on existing technologies and a GSM-Bluetooth based remote control and monitoring system with automatic irrigation system is proposed. The design presented has the advantage of both GSM and Bluetooth technology and the sensors and devices are controlled by both by using Bluetooth when in a limited range with the appliances and using SMS for remote monitoring and control thereby reducing the usage charges of GSM. Mr. Srinubabu Aravapalli,Mrs. Ch.Sridevi, Dr. N.S.Murthy Sarma, Mr. K.Raja Sekhar [3] developed system is a machine based system, which automates the irrigation of land by combining various software and hardware approaches together to find exact field information and to provide instant across the field. This involves some sensors, LCD display, and GSM and ARM7LPC2148 processor. Chandrika Chanda, Surbhi Agarwal, Er. B.Persis Urbana Ivy, AP(SG)[4] gives detailed survey of various GSM based automated farm irrigation systems. GSM serves as an important part since it is responsible for controlling the irrigation facility and sends them to receiver through coded signal. Our study is concentrated on comparison of various GSM approaches. Goodman, D.J.has worked on various trends in cellular and cordless communication and suggested four second generation network. In the framework of these issues, 4 networks are described. Turnell, D.J. Deep, Freeire, R.C.S. [5] designed a low cost water detection method for furrows irrigation control I which a computer monitors the water advance along the furrows during the initial phase of the irrigation. The detection of water is done by the change in capacitance of a wire element. IV. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE The following figure-1 shows the block diagram of modern agricultural system. The parameters as 611

discussed in the block diagram will monitor the field and gives the accurate results to the user. Here the new and important things are Soil Moisture sensors to monitor the soil condition.

3 discussed in the block diagram will monitor the field and gives the accurate results to the user. Here the new and important things are Soil Moisture sensors to monitor the soil condition. If it is dry means, this condition is very harmful to plants. So immediately release the water into the soil and make it wet. For this we will use the Soil Moisture sensors. The PIC24F microcontrollers are based on a 16- bit PIC24 with real-time emulation and embedded trace support that combine microcontroller with embedded high speed flash memory up to 256 kb. A 16-bit wide memory interface and unique accelerator architecture enable 16-bit code execution at the maximum clock rate. Due to their tiny size and low power consumption, PIC24F are ideal for applications where miniaturization is a key requirement, such as access control and point-of- sale. Serial communications interfaces ranging from multiple UARTs, SPI, SSP to I2Cbus make these devices very well suited for communication gateways and protocol converters, soft modems, providing both large buffer size and high processing power. Figure below shows the block diagram for our project. It will include PIC24F Micro-Controller along with GSM module i.e. SIM 900(Simcom).it will include inputs like Soil Moisture Sensor, Water Sensors, Current and Voltage phase Monitoring systems. The output part contains Motor which is run with the help of Relay driver Circuit. Fig 1:- Block Diagram The system consists of a centralized unit, much like a mobile base station, consisting of the subscriber number. This forms the link between the user and the device. The whole system functions in the form network being connected to the centralized unit as a Node. The centralized unit is connected to many such nodes from/to which it receives or sends the data. The user communicates with the centralized unit through SMS. The centralized unit communicates with the system through SMS which will be received by the GSM with the help of the SIM card. The GSM sends this data to PIC24. PIC24 also continuously receives the data from sensors in some form of codes. The communication between various devices takes place through RS232. Thus in short whenever the system receives the activation command from the subscriber it checks all the field conditions and gives a detailed feedback to the user and waits for another activation command to start the motor. The motor is controlled by a simple manipulation in the internal structure of the starter. The starter coil is indirectly activated by means of a transistorized relay circuit. once the motor is started, a constant monitoring on soil moisture and water level is done & once the soil moisture is reached to sufficient level the motor is automatically turned off & a message is send to subscriber that the motor is turned off. This is my simple concept and approach, to bring our agricultural system into the world class recognition. V. OPERATION TO BE CARRIED OUT A. Making Motor ON/OFF by SMS: With the help of GSM Technology we can operate the Motor present in the field.gsm will consist of MODEM. We have to initialize the MODEM by providing appropriate commands. Once the GSM is initialized it will be ready for our operation. The user when send SMS like MOTOR_ON then the Motor will be on. The user when send SMS like MOTOR_OFF then Motor will be Off. Scheduling for different time can be done for On/Off the Motor for different times. This will be provided for three or multiple Start and Stop time

The Amount of time is stored in Flash memory/eeprom of Micro-Controller using I2C Communication. These times are obtained with the help of External RTC or through GSM command like AT+CCLK.

4 The Amount of time is stored in Flash memory/eeprom of Micro-Controller using I2C Communication. These times are obtained with the help of External RTC or through GSM command like AT+CCLK. These will provide the current time according to time specified by GMT. B. Soil Moisture and Water Sensor: This sensor is used for measuring the soil behavior and depending upon that making appropriate action. There are two conditions like dryness and wetness of soil. This property of soil makes it affect on plants. So we are placing a soil moisture sensor to determine the wetness or dryness of the soil. If the soil is wet then it will sensed by sensor and this information will be provided to Micro-Controller. Depending upon code written within Micro-Controller the necessary action will be carrying out and Motor will be made automatically off. If soil is dry, it will be sensed by soil moisture sensor and the Motor is made on with help of Micro-Controller and Sensor. So person at remote location have not to be worried about the condition of soil. The decision will be taken by our system to make Motor On or off. It will also detect the rain occurrence. so due to this automation of Motor is possible. Finally we have the exposed part of the probe (again 50mm).This is the part of the probe that actually takes the reading. We could experiment with different lengths here, but we will have to make changes to the local circuit Fig 2:- Soil Moisture Sensor Circuit C. Checking Supply and Protection Circuitry: Our Motor works on Three-Phase supply. These supplies are R-Y-B supply. These are nothing but 120AC supply to three phases. When these supply phases works properly then motor will work properly. The condition can come when one of the phase is not working properly then it will make failure in motor working. This can result in motor damage and motor could be burned. Also the Motor will not work under Over-voltage and Under Voltage condition. These conditions are nothing but specification required for Motor. They have some Limits. When these conditions are not achieved then there may be Motor failure. To avoid this the Supply phases are given to the Signal Conditional Circuits. These Circuits are nothing but low level circuit that can be understood by Micro-Controller. These Circuits are provided to Microcontroller and it will take decision that occurrence of damage. Then it will provide information about this to User by sending SMS and depending on that user will come to know that there is under voltage and over voltage. So there automation to turn off the Motor. This will protect the Motor Circuitry. We can also monitor the Current and Voltage phases of the Motor using Signal conditional circuits and provide that data to User through SMS

5 VI. RESULT AND DISCUSSION The main result for this paper is to provide a fully automated system to farmers. With the help of advanced sensors we can carry out automation. It will be helpful to farmers to work from remote location and he can get idea regarding his field through automated system. It will be helpful in minimizing farmers and labor work. It will also protect the motor from power related issues and it will work in any condition. With help GSM which is vastly available, system will work in any area. So it will helpful to everyone. VII. CONCLUSION A step-by-step approach in designing the microcontroller based system for measurement and control of the four essential parameters for plant growth, i.e. soil moisture, Water sensor, Over voltage and Under Voltage and voltage and current phases has been followed. The results obtained from the measurement have shown that the system performance is quite reliable and accurate. The system has successfully overcome quite a few shortcomings of the existing systems by reducing the power consumption, maintenance and complexity, at the same time providing a flexible and precise form of maintaining the environment. The continuously decreasing costs of hardware and software, the wider acceptance of electronic systems in agriculture, and an emerging agricultural control system industry in several areas of agricultural production, will result in reliable control systems that will address several aspects of quality and quantity of production. ACKNOWLEDGMENT Inspiration and guidance are invaluable in every aspect of life, especially in the field of academics, which I have received from our department. I fail to find the adequate words to express the deep sense of gratitude for my seminar guide Prof. V. B. Shere for immense guidance, righteous direction and the time he has given from his busy schedule. I am thankful to the honorable principal Prof. Dr. A. N. Gaikwad and his willingness to help us in any and every way he can. Heartily thanks to HOD of our department, Prof. Dr. G. M. Malwatkar has put his careful guidance for the completion of my seminar report work. Every work is outcome of fool-proof planning, continuous hardworking and organized effort. This work is combination of all above together sincerely. At last, I would like to give thanks to my colleagues who inspire, motivate and guide me to move in right direction. REFERENCES [1] Yunseop (James) Kim, Member, IEEE, Robert G. Evans,and William M. Iversen, Remote Sensing and Control of an Irrigation System Using a Distributed Wireless Sensor Network, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT, VOL. 57, NO. 7, JULY 2008 [2] Purnima, S.R.N. Reddy, PhD Design of Remote Monitoring and Control System with Automatic Irrigation System using GSM- Bluetooth International Journal of Computer Applications ( )Volume 47 No.12, June 2012 [3] Mr. Srinubabu Aravapalli,Mrs. Ch.Sridevi,Dr. N.S.Murthy Sarma, Mr. K.Raja Sekhar Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering BVC Engineering College, Odalarevu, Andhrapradesh,India Design and Implementation of GSM based Irrigation System Using ARM7 International Journal of Research in Computer and Communication technology, IJRCCT, ISSN , Vol1,Issue 7, December [4] Chandrika Chanda, Surbhi Agarwal, Er. B.Persis Urbana Ivy, AP(SG) A Survey of Automated GSM Based Irrigation Systems International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering Website: (ISSN , Volume 2, Issue 10, October 2012) 614

6 [5] N. J. Car, E. W. Christen, J. W. Hornbuckle, and G. A. Moore, Using a mobile phone short messaging service (SMS) for irrigation scheduling in Australia Farmers participation and utility evaluation, Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, vol. 84, pp , [6] C. Neale, H. Jayanthi, and J. L. Wright, Crop and irrigation water management using high resolution airborne remote sensing, in Proc. 54th IEC Meeting of the International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage (ICID)Workshop Remote Sensing of ET for Large Regions, Montpellier, France, Sep. 17, [7] [8] l [9]

Design and implementation of a programmable remote controlled and monitored irrigation system

IOSR Journal of Engineering (IOSRJEN) ISSN (e): 2250-3021, ISSN (p): 2278-8719 Vol. 04, Issue 12 (December 2014), V1 PP 25-29 www.iosrjen.org Design and implementation of a programmable remote controlled