GREEN RADIO: ENERGY EFFICIENT MOBILE TOWER NETWORK COMMUNICATION

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "GREEN RADIO: ENERGY EFFICIENT MOBILE TOWER NETWORK COMMUNICATION"

Grant Joshua Jefferson
6 years ago
Views:

Volume 115 No. 7 2017, 555-560 ISSN: 1311-8080 (printed version); ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version) url: http://www.ijpam.eu ijpam.

1 Volume 115 No , ISSN: (printed version); ISSN: (on-line version) url: ijpam.eu GREEN RADIO: ENERGY EFFICIENT MOBILE TOWER NETWORK COMMUNICATION R.Vignesh 1,D.Vijayalakshmi 2,J.Preethi 3, S.Meena 4, 2 Assistant Professor, ECE Department, SRM University, Chennai ,3,4 Final year students, Dept. of ECE, SRM University, Tamilnadu, India. 2 vijayalakshmi.d@ktr.srmuniv.ac.in Abstract: The increased benefits of telecommunication have attracted a large population of users creating a greater demand for energy usage. Various network operators conducted an extensive Life Cycle Assessment(LCA) which showed that the energy consumption in the usage phase of its radio access networks is closely related to the effect on the environment. A Larger number of mobile customers has effected in an increase in the amount of CO2 emission into the environment. It is found that the existing wireless networks specifically the basestations are not energy efficient which has induced the usage of higher data rate mobile broadband. We must redesign the network architecture such that every base station possesses a controlling system for switching purpose.this paper gives a methodology that is structured for an energy efficientwireless network and develops solutions that are cost effective and eco-friendly. Keywords Energy, LCA, wireless network, switching, SBC. 1. Introduction Green communication is a new concept in the communication networks which studies the power consumption and their environment effects. Thistechnology aims to achieve eco-balance in nature by reducing CO2 emission and reducing operational costs for wireless network.earlier all mobile towers are kept on in a particular locality irrespective of the number of users. As a result high power consumption occurs. When direct electricity connections are not readily available, these service providers use diesel to power their network.as a result, a polluted environment is established.in addition to this the lighting and cooling units are always in on state thereby considerably increasing the power consumption rate day by day. So in this paper we are proposing a new system using SBC. Figure 1. Current and proposed configurations The main objective is to lower the power consumption rate by keeping only one mobile tower in working state to take up all communications while the remaining towers stay in idle mode. When the number of users of the current tower reaches a predetermined value say 80% the responder frequency is sent to the nearby efficient tower to take up the remaining load by means of wireless sensors networks.thus by keeping all the towers in idle state and by keeping only one in working state the power consumption rate is considerably decreased. a) Relay :- 2. Component Description 555

2 A relay is an electrical switch that opens and closes under control of another electrical circuit. In the original form, the switch is operated by an electromagnet to open or close one or many sets of contactsbecause a relay is able to control an output circuit of higher power than the input circuit, it can be considered, in a broad sense, to be a form of electrical amplifier. b) Temperature and light sensors :- Temperature sensors are used to help ensure that a process or application is staying within a safe temperature range during operation. They also aid in measuring the temperature of equipment under hazardous conditions such as extreme heat, or when an area is inaccessible by normal means. At the end of this module we can able to list the different types of temperature sensors and state how the different types of light sensors work. c) Power amplifier :- A power amplifier is an electronic device that receives an electronic signal and reprocesses it to amplify, or decrease, its power. The boost in power is achieved by significantly increasing the input signal s voltage. A power amplifier is used to power an output source, such as a stereo speaker, a relay or a motor. d) RS232 :- Serial communication refers to the transmission and reception of data one bit at a time. Nowadays bytes are used. For the conversion of bits in to bytes the serial port contains an electronic chip called UART. But for short distance RS-232 is used. RS-232 defines a serial communication for one device to one computer communication port, with speeds up to 19,200 baud. Typically 7 or 8 bits (on/off) signal are transmitted to represent a character or digit. The 9 pin connector is used. e) SBC :- Single board computers (SBC) offers a ready to use embedded platform to develop any product.. But here we are using an advanced development called customized SBC, which is an off-the-shelf embedded platform that consists of a computer on module(com) and a carrier board. The platform is flexible as processor, memory and I/O s can be selected based on the end-application s requirement. f) PIC16F877A microcontroller :- PIC controller has inbuilt A/D converter. Here the output is in the form of analog voltage signal but the inside operation the microcontroller is digital. Hence A/D converter is used. The voltage range is V and the operating frequency is 20 MHz 3. Experimental Work B y controlling various parameters within the station and by the change of network topology power used in the base station is reduced. Changing network topology means, among all towers present in the region only certain mobile towers are switched ON for a given control area. Except those towers which are under operation, all towers are in IDLE state. Figure 2. Block diagram of system architecture Because of this technique huge amount of power consumption is reduced which in turn reduces the fuel consumption and the effects of harmful greenhouse gases in the environment. Secondly, the parameters which are to be controlled are lighting process and the power supplied to the cooling unit. Using this technique atleast 30% of the power consumption will be reduced. Hence based on the user strength the number of towers in a particular region is turned ON and the others are kept IDLE. Apart from these configurations we should monitor certain parameters which reduces the amount of energy consumption. Those are responder frequency, cooling-fan, light indicator and air conditioner. To control these parameters automatically we are using a special device called PIC microcontroller. Here the PIC controller is interfaced with the above mentioned IC s. Each IC will perform specific different tasks. All these parameters are displayed in the monitor through PIC 556

3 controller. The output is displayed in the monitor using VB software, in which the graphical representation of the process will be shown. Thedisadvantage of this system is that it can be hacked easily through many resources. So to avoid this and for confidential purpose we are using a special type of device called SBC. Single Board Computers (SBC) which reduces the development time and cost substantially. Figure 3. Customized SBC An advanced version of it called customized SBC which is a combination of computer on module and carrier board, is used for effective output. The program used in SBC is python. Here only the instructions are displayed whether it is ON or OFF. SBC is used for controlling and sending the signal to the computer. The power is sensed through voltage and current sensing circuits from the power amplified and fed into the monitoring system. The tower s base station components from IDLE state to the charging state will be activated bythe responder frequency which is received from the main server. It is also displayed in the monitoring unit. The temperature and illumination level of environment are sensed by temperature and light sensors, and then through localized power control, cooling and lighting units are operated by the corresponding relays. If the power amplifier output is nil, the number of users present will be zero. Similarly, if the user s level exceedsmore than 80% then relay to activate the neighboring tower is energized. So we can monitor those instructions using SBC. Thus the power consumption of the base station is being reduced. 1) The main advantage of this technology is the reduction of total power consumed by the base transceiver station of Wireless mobile networks. 2) This technology helps in maintaining and improving the ecological balance of the nature by reducing the CO2 emission. 3) This technology helps in reduction of the size of generator set, which leads to low - capital investment. 4) This technology helps in preventing depletion of fossil fuels. 5. Scope For Future Development 1. This is just a initial development stage of handling power consumption in mobile base station. 2. Still researches are going on in the mobile communication field so as to reduce the power consumption and also to improve the quality of service to the consumer vb and its features 6. System Software Design 1. The Microsoft VB programming system for windows is an exciting advance for anyone who is involved in writing window base applications. 2. With this event driven programming engine and innovative, easy to use visual design tools, VB lets you take full advantage of the window graphical environment to built powerful application quickly. 3. A data base creation tool 4. Visual data access with the data control so that it is possible to create data browsing application without writing code. 5. A new OLE (object linking and embedding) control that allows in place editing. 6. A collection of common dialog boxes that streamline common user interface tasks. 7. The ability to create pop-up menus anywhere in the application 7. Results 4. Merits 557

4 be reduced as much as possible, so that the effect of green house gases will be reduced. This system is eco-friendly and reduces global warming. Acknowledgement This work was supported by our project guide Mrs.D.Vijayalakshmi and also our sincere thanks to SRM University. References [1] SinaKhoshabiNobar,StudentMember,IEEE,Kam aladlimehr,studentmember,ieee,and JavadMuseviNiya,Member, IEEE. RF-Powered Green Cognitive Radio Networks: Architecture and Performance Analysis IEEE Paper FEB2,2016. Figure 4. Transmitter and receiver modules The output hardware consists of two modules, one is transmitter which is considered as a tower and a receiver which is considered as another tower. When the number of users exceeds certain value, the receiver tower turns ON and the signals are transferred from transmitter to the receiver. The output from the VB is as follows, which gives the effective way to reduce power consumption. Figure 5. VB Output 8. Conclusion Due to the increase in the mobile users, power consumption also increased. Hence the emission of CO 2 has increased gradually, which leads to global warming. To control this effect the major area to be concentrated is power consumption. This can be reduced by monitoring various factors like air conditioner, cooling fan, power amplifier and light indicator. The main objective of our project is to reduce the power consumption by taking account on these parameters. Hence the power consumption will [2] NasirFaruk and Mujahid Y. Muhammad (2012) Energy Conservation through Site Optimization for Mobile Cellular Systems (Base Transceivers Station Optimization) Epistemic in Science, Engineering and Technology, Vol.2, No.1 [3] C. Lubritto and A. Petragliaa (2011) Energy and environmental aspects of mobile communication systems Energy, Volume 36, Issue 2, pp [4] Pete Boyer, MilicaStojanovic, and John Proakis, October (2001) A Simple Generalization of the CDMA Reverse Link Pole Capacity Formula IEEE Transactions on Communications VOL. 49, NO. 10 pp1719 [5] NiranjanBalasubramanian,ArunaBalasubramania nandarunvenkataramani Energy Consumption in Mobile Phones: A MeasurementStudy and Implications fornetworkapplications Copyright2009ACM /09/11IMC 09,November 4-6, 2009, Chicago, USA [6] GreenRadio- TowardsSustainableWirelessNetworks8 th July2010St evemclaughlin University of Edinburgh [7] Study on Energy Efficient Radio Access Network (EERAN) Technologies, 2009 ProjectReportofTechnicalUniversityofDresden,Voda fonechairmobilecommunication Systems. 558

5 [8] T. Edler, Green Base Stations-How to Minimize CO2 Emission in Operator Networks,Ericsson seminar, Bath Base Station Conf., P. Wright et al., A Methodology for Realizing High Efficiency Class-J in A Linear and Broadband PA,IEEETrans. Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 57, 2009, pp [9] Abirami. R, Dharani. P, Bhuvaneswari. J, Performance Analysis in Synchronous Optical Networks Communication using OTDM, International Innovative Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, vol. 1, 2016, pp [10] J.N.Laneman,D.N.C.Tse,andG.W.Wornell, Coo perativediversityinwireless Networks: Efficient Protocols and Outage Behavior, IEEE Trans. Info. Theory, vol. 50, no. 12, Dec. 2004, pp

6 560

International Research Journal in Advanced Engineering and Technology (IRJAET)

International Research Journal in Advanced Engineering and Technology (IRJAET) ISSN (Print) : 2454-4744 ISSN (Online) : 2454-4752 (www.irjaet.com) Vol. 1, Issue 3, pp.83-87, October, 2015 ENERGY SAVING