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1 Available online at International Journal of Innovative and Emerging Research in Engineering e-issn: p-issn: Alcohol Detection and Accident Prevention of Vehicle Vijay Savani a, Hardik Agravat a and Dhrumil Patel a a Electronics & communication ( B.E ), Surat, Gujrat, India ABSTRACT: A safe driving system of vehicle for drunk and driving cases, In this project we have used an alcohol detecting sensor in vehicle which senses and detects alcohol gases and sends messages continuously to their relatives within every 5 minutes. In this process arm7 microcontroller is connected with GSM and GPS modules. GPS module gets the position of vehicle with longitude and latitude then via GSM it sends the messages to the relative of the driver until he reaches home safely. We have also used car accident prevention technology with ultrasonic sensor which also sends messages via GSM to relatives of the driver while accident happens of vehicle. Keywords: LPC2148, GSM ( SIM300 ), GPS, Alcohol gas sensor ( MQ135 ), Ultrasonic sensor ( hc SR_04) I. INTRODUCTION The purpose behind this project is Drunk and driving detection. Now a day, many accidents are occurring because of the alcohol consumption of the driver or the person who is driving the vehicle. Thus Drunken driving is a most reason of accidents in almost all countries all over the world. Alcohol Detector in Car system is designed for the safety of the people inside the car. This project should be fitted / installed inside the vehicle. Integrated approach of using concurrent engineering practices for developing the methods of ruggedisation for GPS Vehicle Tracking System is adopted.[6] Development and deployment of GPS /GSM based vehicle tracking and alert system which allows inter-city transport companies to track their vehicle in real time and provides an alert system for reporting on accidents occurrences[3]. Nowadays, internet are used almost in any application and field, even small item registered with code and update in database then can buy it by online system. Numbers of vehicles are significant increase every year and many cases of vehicle theft and missing thus internet of things (IoT) is a technology can be use to overcome the issues[5]. Current generation smartphones provide robust sensor suites including accelerometers, GPS, microphones, and cameras. These sensors allow smartphones to be used for various sensing tasks such as activity monitoring, personal health, and environment monitoring. Smartphones also provide a powerful communication platform as they are generally equipped with Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and a 3/4G data connection. Smartphones are extremely portable and have powerful processing and storage capabilities. In addition, many physiological sensors come equipped with Bluetooth. They can be connected to a smartphone wirelessly and used to extend its sensing capabilities. This paper describes preliminary efforts towards a system that uses a smartphone-based wireless body area network with specific applications in psychophysiological assessment and more general applications in context-aware computing and emotion-oriented computing.[7] The fundamental problem here is to identify vehicles in changing environment and illumination. Although there have been numerous publications on general object recognition and tracking, or a combination of them[1] we explain the basic idea behind the tracking algorithm developed in this research. Vehicle tracking has been based on the region-based tracking approach. For individual vehicle tracking the first step, acquisition image sequences and predetermining the detection zones at each lane. The second, we have conducted the background subtraction[2] II. BLOCK DIAGRAM The main part of this project is an Alcohol sensor. If the person inside car has consumed alcohol then it is detected by alcohol sensor. Sensor gives this signal to a comparator IC. The output of comparator is connected to the microcontroller. Microcontroller is the heart of this project. It is the CPU of the complete circuit. Microcontroller gives high pulse to the buzzer circuit and the buzzer is turned on. At the same time a relay is off. Due to this the ignition of the car is deactivated. Detection of accidents due to changes in vehicle movement such as speed change in accident vehicles or vehicles behind the accident ones and lane changes. If certain conditions are met, an abnormal state is determined to exist. Such conditions include changes in traffic flow before an accident occurs, and changes in individual motor vehicle speed. As for lane changes, we decided not to use these as a reference because lane changes may occur simply due to the road curvature and angle of view, independently of accidents.[8] 55

2 Figure 1. Block Diagram If we don t want to turn off the ignition of car then we can use GSM and GPS modem for track location of vehicle. We have also use GSM and GPS module. GPS detect the location of vehicle with longitude and latitude and GSM will send messages to relatives of the driver. Now for vehicle accidents prevention system, we will use ultrasonic sensor which sensing the limited distance from other vehicles, neither sensor will be activate and send messages to relatives of the vehicle. The GPS MT System utilizes signals from the NAVSTAR GPS constellation for computing state vectors. The resulting state vector data (position, velocity vectors and time) will be transmitted to ground based S-Band telemetry receivers and processed by ULA Mission Control and cognizant Range Safety organizations at the Eastern and Western flight test ranges. The GPS MT System will be operational from pre-launch activities thru Range Safety responsibility.[4] III. COMPONENT mq-135 alcohol gas sensor Wide detecting scope, Fast response and High sensitivity, Stable and long life Simple drive circuit Figure 2. MQ-135 Alcohol gas sensor Ultrasonic sensor Ultrasonic sensors work on a principle similar to radar or sonar, which detect attributes of a target by interpreting the echoes from radio or sound waves respectively. An ultrasonic sensors creates high frequency sound waves and evaluate the echo which is received back by the sensor, measuring the time interval between sending signal and receiving echo to determine the distance to an object. Passive ultrasonic sensors are basically microphones that detect ultrasonic noise. 56

3 Figure 3. hc_sr04 Ultrasonic sensor IV. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM The LPC21418 microcontroller is based on a 32 bit ARM7TDMI-S CPU with real-time emulation and embedded trace support, that combines the microcontroller with embedded high speed flash memory ranging from 32 kb to 512 kb. A 128- bit wide memory interface and a unique accelerator architecture enable 32-bit code execution the maximum clock rate. For critical code size applications, the alternative 16-bit Thumb mode reduces code by more than 30 % with minimal performance. Due to their small size and low power consumption, LPC2148 are ideal for applications where miniaturization is a key require, such as access control. A serial communications interfaces ranging from a USB 2.0 Full Speed device, multiple UARTS and on-chip SRAM of 8 kb up to 40 kb, make these devices well suited for communication gateways and protocol converters, soft modems, voice recognition and low end imaging, providing both large buffer size and high processing power. Various 32-bit timers, single or dual 10-bit ADC(s), 10-bit DAC PWM channels and 45 fast GPIO lines with up to nine edge or level sensitive external interrupt pins make these microcontrollers particularly suitable for industrial control and medical purpose. Figure 4. GPS/GSM and LCD interfacing with LPC2148 switch as Alcohol gas sensor and ultrasonic sensor Alcoholism is a debilitating disorder for the individual and very costly for society. A most of alcohol research is to understand the neural underpinnings associated with the transition from alcohol use to alcohol dependence. Positive reinforcement is important in the early stages of alcohol use. Negative reinforcement can be important early in alcohol use by people self-medicating coexisting affective disorders, but its role likely increases the transition to dependence. Chronic exposure to alcohol induces changes in neural circuits that control motivational processes, including arousal, reward, and stress. These changes affect systems utilizing the signaling molecules modulating the brain s stress response. These neuro adaptations produce changes in sensitivity to alcohol s effects following repeated exposure and a withdrawal state following 57

4 discontinuation of alcohol use. Chronic alcohol exposure also results in persistent neural deficits, some of which may fully recover extended periods of abstinence. However, the organism part remains susceptible to relapse, even after long periods of abstinence. Recent research focusing on brain arousal, reward, and stress systems is accelerating our understanding of the components of alcohol dependence and contributing to the development of new treatment strategies. GPS position location principle: The GPS uses a constellation of 24 satellites, once every 12 hours. The orbital position is constantly detects and updated by the ground equipment. Each satellite is recognize by number and unique signal frequency. This signal travels at the speed of light. Each satellite has a perfect clock, sec. Because the GPS receiver calculates its location, The task of the receiver is to determine its distance from multiple satellites. The GPS system uses two types of signals to calculate distance. Code-phase ranging Carrier-phase ranging Each satellite has a unique signal. When the receiver knows object s distance from only one satellite, its location could be anywhere on the earth surface that is an equal distance from the satellite. Represented by the circle in the illustration. The receiver must have additional information. The hardware interface with GPS units is designed to configure the NMEA requirements. They are also compatible with most computer serial ports using RS232 protocols, however strictly speaking the NMEA standard is not RS232. All units that support NMEA should support this speed. at a b/s rate of 4800, you can easily send enough data to more than fill a full second of time. For this reason some units send updates every two seconds or may send some data every second while reserving other data to be sent less often. In addition some units may send data a couple of seconds old while other units may send data that is collected within the second it is sent. commonly time is sent in some field within each second so it is pretty easy to figure out what a particular GPS is doing. Some sentences may be sent only during a particular action of the receiver such as while following a route while other receivers always send the sentence and just null out the values. Other difference will be noted in the specific data descriptions defined later in the text service. This consist of vehicle unit and the management system. The device should be able to interface with the car s system. The accident prevention technology works with ultrasonic sensor when it hits less than distance which pre determines in system then it will be active and message shown that accident occurs. The system also send SMS to drivers relatives or nearest police station or ambulance. Figure 5. SIM 300 modem GSM modem is used to communication between a User and a GSM system. GSM modem consists of a GSM modem assembled together with power supply circuit and communication interfaces (like RS-232, USB, etc) for computer. A GSM MODEM can perform the operations as Receive, send or delete SMS messages in a SIM. We are using here Sim300 GSM model as receive and send SMS. V. CONCLUSION Our system efficiently checks the accidents occurs or not and drunken driving. By implementing this system in vehicle, a safe journey is possible which would decrease the injuries during accidents and also reduce the accident rate due to drunken driving. This system has also accident prevention technology which would reduce the accident of the vehicle in crowd areas. We can describe that this is a safety features for vehicle because if alcohol detected or accident happens then it will stop automatically. In case of alcohol detected or any accident happens it would send the messages to the friends continuously about the location of the accident happened till the first aid reaches the rider. Our system helps also to know the location of the vehicle for rescuing in the case of theft incidents. 58

5 ACKNOWLEDGMENT It is honour and pleasure to express my heartfelt to those who helped me and also contributed towards the preparation on this seminar. I am indebted to my guide Prof. Dhrumil A. Patel, whose invaluable guidance and timely suggestion and encouragement inspired me to complete the project in the present form. I express my thanks to the Library of Government Engineering College Bharuch which is a source of such invaluable information and of course the Internet Facility of the same. I would like to thank to the entire team of B.E. Staff whose direct and indirect suggestion helped me creating this project. I would like to pay a special thanks to my parents for the sparing their invaluable time and inspiring me. Although there remain some names but none are remain un-thanked. REFERENCES [1] A. ISuge, H.Takigawa, H.Osuga, H.Soma, K.Morisaki, ACCIDENT VEHICLE AUTOMATIC DETECTION SYSTEM BY IMAGE PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY, IEEE 1994 Vehiclee Navigation & information Systems Conference [2] In Jung Lee, An Accident Detection System on Highway Using Vehicle Tracking Trace, IEEE ICTC 2011 [3] Flescher, paul benjamin, nelson, astoyao, Robert adjetey, Design and development of GSM/GPS based vehicle tracking and alert system for commercial inter city bus, 2012 IEEE 4th International Conference on Adaptive Science & Technology (ICAST) [4] Theodore C. Moore, Tim Gray, Hanchu Li, Andrei Doran, Launch Vehicle Tracking Enhancement Through Global Positioning System Metric Tracking, 2013 IEEE [5] Evizal, Tharek Abd Rahman, Sharul Kamal Abdul Rahim, RFID Vehicle Plate Number (e-plate) for Tracking and Management System, 2013 IEEE [6] Shreenivas R. Jog, M.S.Sutaone, V.V.Badawe, Ruggedisation Methodologies for GPS based Vehicle Tracking System, 2011 IEEE [7] Paul Baskett, Yi Shang, Michael V. Patterson, Timothy Trull, Towards A System for Body-Area Sensing and Detection of Alcohol Craving and Mood Dysregulation, 2013 IEEE [8] Amirali Jazayeri, Hongyuan Cai, Jiang Yu Zheng, Mihran Tuceryan, Vehicle Detection and Tracking in Car Video Based on Motion Model, IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS, VOL. 12, NO. 2, JUNE