X10 PROTOCOL FOR DATA COMMUNICATION

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "X10 PROTOCOL FOR DATA COMMUNICATION"

Marsha Hill
6 years ago
Views:

International Journal of Recent Innovation in Engineering and Research Scientific Journal Impact Factor - 3.

1 International Journal of Recent Innovation in Engineering and Research Scientific Journal Impact Factor by SJIF e- ISSN: X10 PROTOCOL FOR DATA COMMUNICATION Tilottama Dhake 1, AntrikshGhaskatta 2, Sanket Gokani 3, Harsh Javiya 4 and Bhavik Joshi 5 1,2,3,4,5 Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering,K. J. Somaiya Institute of Engineering and Information Technology,India Abstract- Most electric power companies employs power meterreader to collect data on the customer s energy consumption.usually, this task is carried out manually, which can lead tohigh cost and errors, causing financial losses. We have taken some approaches to minimize these problems. As in everywhere automation is required to reduce the work so we decided to implement to automatic meter reading using power linecommunication(plc). AMR is the modern Power measuring device.it has a lot of advantages that the old analog meters doesn t have. It has advantages in safety, real time measuring and time saving as well as it has a better user interface and digital data analysis. Data is send over existing power line using X10 protocol that reduces the complexity and cost of system.our project is based on further implementation and future study of the mentioned references. Keywords- AMR,PLC,X10 I. INTRODUCTION X10 based Automatic meter reading, or AMR, is the technology of automatically collecting data from energy meter and transferring that data to a central database for billing and/or analyzing. This means that billing can be based on actual consumption rather than on an estimate based on previous consumption, giving customers better control of their use of electric energy. The Transmitter is connected to the meter and it counts the pulses from it and displays it over the 16 x 2 LCD display. It also transmits the data over Power Line Using X10 Technology. The data s are also stored in the internal EEPROM. At the receiver end the data is received by a X10 receiver module and the microcontroller will decode and send data to PC USB Port (Virtual COM Port). X10 Power line transmitter and receivers are used to transmit and receive the meter readings. The circuit was fully controlled by the microcontroller and the microcontroller will continuously monitors the energy and send the data to the receiver. All the conditions are displayed it over the LCD display. In our project we are using the Microchip PIC microcontroller. On transmitter section we need EEPROM to store meter reading (AT89Sxx) MCU doesn t have internal EEPROM, so we are used PIC Micro controller. PIC MCU have internal flash EEPROM (non-volatile memory), to store meter reading. The received meter readings are displayed and store over the PC through Virtual serial port (USB Interface). II. X10 POWER LINE COMMUNICATION (PLC) SYSTEM X10 is a protocol for communication among electronic devices used for home automation (domotics). It primarily uses power line wiring for signaling and control, where the signals involve brief radio frequency bursts representing digital information. A wireless radio based protocol transport is also defined. Although a number of higher bandwidth alternatives exist, X10 remains popular in the home environment with millions of units in use worldwide, and inexpensive availability of new rights Reserved Page 159

2 Household electrical wiring which powers lights and appliances is used to send digital data between X10 devices. This data is encoded onto a 120 khz carrier which is transmitted as bursts during the relatively quiet zero crossings of the 50 or 60 Hz AC alternating current waveform. One bit is transmitted at each zero crossing. The relatively high-frequency carrier wave carrying the signal cannot pass through a power transformer or across the phases of a multiphase system. For split phase systems, the signal can be passively coupled from phase-to-phase using a passive capacitor, but for three phase systems or where the capacitor provides insufficient coupling, an active X10 repeater can be used. To allow signals to be coupled across phases and still match each phase's zero crossing point, each bit is transmitted three times in each half cycle, offset by 1/6 cycle. III. BLOCK DIAGRAM& EXPLANATION Fig1.Proposed Model 3.1 Microcontroller Interface See the block diagram of unite. It s based on a pre programmed PIC16F873 micro controller. The complete system divided in five sections. The X10 modem, opto isolated data input, LCD display, Relay interface, and power supply section The circuit used in this kit uses only one IC the PIC16F873. It is one of the RISC-based micro controllers from Microchip. The IC is preprogrammed. Using a micro controller greatly reduces the component count while providing more features than could be found usingdedicated logic ICs. Cost is also lower. It is pre-programmed with software to provide all the timing functions. A 4 MHz crystal provides accurate timing and an easily divisible clock source for the internal hardware timers. 3.2 X10 Modem Interface MCU (Slaw unite) interface System connected Power Line with PC using X10 Trans receiver Module. X10 Trans receiver in half duplex mode with automatic switching of receive/transmit mode with LED indication. Receives and Transmits serial data of adjustable baud rate of Available Online at : Page 160

3 9600/4800/2400/1200 bps at 5V or 3V level for direct interfacing to microcontrollers. It s Connected to, MCU Port pin RC6 to RC7. 3.3Master unite(pc Interface) In the master unite, X10 Tran-receiver connect with PC via USB Port. Tran s receiver doesn t support direct USB interface, so Serial to USB converter required. Enable two way serial communication from USB to Trans receiver required 3 or 5V levels. Typical application includes interfacing Tran s receiver directly to USB port. The driver on PC provides Virtual Serial Port which is similar to a) Platform initialisation b) Receiving X10 Frames from the PLN c) Transmitting X10 Frames to the PLN d) Receiving X10/IP messages from the IP network e) Transmitting X10/IP messages to theip network RS232 port on PC so any existing COM port based software can connect easily. a) Platform initialisation b) Receiving X10 Frames from the PLN c) Transmitting X10 Frames to the PLN d) Receiving X10/IP messages from the IP network e) Transmitting X10/IP messages to the IP network Fig 2. Overview of X10 Protocol (Flowchart) Available Online at : Page 161

4 IV. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION&FEATURES 4.1Transmitter unite Fully micro controller based interface using PIC16F873A RISC MCU Working Voltage 12V AC/DC Operating Current - 500ma Approx On board 16 x 2 LCD display Fully Isolated electric meter interface for data input using optocoupler(active Low Input) Power on LED Indication On board Flash EEPROM to store the user unite updates (No require battery backup) Diode protection for reverse polarity connection of DC supply to the PCB Onboard regulator for regulated supply to the kit Extremely easy to install Microcontroller based design for greater flexibility. 4.2 Receiver unite PC USB 2.0 Interface Operating voltage 5V DC Operating current 100ma (Aprox) On board power and Data Received LED Indicator s Operate on USB Power. No need External Power Windows based GUI Software PC application support monitoring, display, controlling and real time data logging Soft ware for win98, 2000, XP, Vista, Win7, 8, 10 (32 64 bit) Extremely easy to install V. FUTURE SCOPE AND CONCLUSION The present system is used for meter reading for electricity using power line communication. The system can be further modified to detect power theft between pole and individual subscribers by installing the units at each subscriber end. For the readings of Electricity, Water, Gas or any other meters in the customer premises to be transmitted to a central base station for further processing, billing etc. With ten of millions ofmeters to be read periodically and regularly, this alone represents an enormous market. The cost of one system is on higher side but if more number of systems are produced, then cost of mass production will get reduced. The present system is implemented to send non voice data only. The system can be further developed to transfer voice data through power line. But the system should be robust enough to handle interference in the power line. Distribution Automation, and Supervisory Control and Distribution Automation (DA and SCADA) This is for the utility companies themselves to monitor and control the Power VI. Acknowledgement We have a great pleasure in presenting this project report X10 PROTOCOL FOR DATA COMMUNICATION and to express our deep regard towards those who have offered their valuable time and guidance in our hour of need. It is a great honour to do this project in this esteemed institution, and we would extend our thanks to our mentor Prof. Tilottama Dhake, who gave his valuable time and shared his vast knowledge and experience throughout the making of our project. We also like to appreciate the consideration of our Principal Dr. Suresh Ukarande, H.O.D. of EXTC Department Dr. Jayashree Khanapuri, our Faculties and colleagues, which enabled us to balance our work along with this project. It was their attitude that inspired us to do such an efficient work. Available Online at : Page 162

5 We wish to avail this opportunity to express a sense of gratitude and love to all our friends and our family for their support, strength, help and in short for everything they have done during the crucial times of the progress of our project. REFERENCES [1] [2] Chunjuan WEI _,Junjie YANG Implementation of Automatic Meter Reading System Using PLC and GPRS Journal of Information & Computational Science 8:16 (2011) [3] Ahmed Husein, and Mohamed El-Geziry Practical Issues of Power Line Communication for Automatic Meter Reading Systems Proceedings of the 14 th International Middle East Power Systems Conference (MEPCON 10), Cairo University, Egypt, December 19-21, 2010, [4] Tarek Khalifa,Kshirasagar Naik and Amiya Nayak "A Survey of Communication Protocols for Automatic Meter Reading Applications,"IEEE communications sureveys &tutorial,2011,13 (2): Available Online at : Page 163

AUTOMATIC ELECTRICITY METER READING AND REPORTING SYSTEM

AUTOMATIC ELECTRICITY METER READING AND REPORTING SYSTEM Faris Shahin, Lina Dajani, Belal Sababha King Abdullah II Faculty of Engineeing, Princess Sumaya University for Technology, Amman 11941, Jordan