ekor.rpg and ekor.rpt

Transcription

1 Protection, metering and control units General Instructions IG-159-EN, version 08, 15/07/16 LIB

2 CAUTION! When medium-voltage equipment is operating, certain components are live, other parts may be in movement and some may reach high temperatures. Therefore, the use of this equipment poses electrical, mechanical and thermal risks. In order to ensure an acceptable level of protection for people and property, and in compliance with applicable environmental recommendations, Ormazabal designs and manufactures its products according to the principle of integrated safety, based on the following criteria: Elimination of hazards wherever possible. Where elimination of hazards is neither technically nor economically feasible, appropriate protection functions are incorporated in the equipment. Communication about remaining risks to facilitate the design of operating procedures which prevent such risks, training for the personnel in charge of the equipment, and the use of suitable personal protective equipment. Use of recyclable materials and establishment of procedures for the disposal of equipment and components so that once the end of their service lives is reached, they are duly processed in accordance, as far as possible, with the environmental restrictions established by the competent authorities. Consequently, the equipment to which the present manual refers complies with the requirements of section 11.2 of Standard IEC It must therefore only be operated by appropriately qualified and supervised personnel, in accordance with the requirements of standard EN on the safety of electrical installations and standard EN on activities in or near electrical installations. Personnel must be fully familiar with the instructions and warnings contained in this manual and in other recommendations of a more general nature which are applicable to the situation according to current legislation [1]. The above must be carefully observed, as the correct and safe operation of this equipment depends not only on its design but also on general circumstances which are in general beyond the control and responsibility of the manufacturer. More specifically: The equipment must be handled and transported appropriately from the factory to the place of installation. All intermediate storage should occur in conditions which do not alter or damage the characteristics of the equipment or its essential components. Service conditions must be compatible with the equipment rating. The equipment must be operated strictly in accordance with the instructions given in the manual, and the applicable operating and safety principles must be clearly understood. Maintenance should be performed properly, taking into account the actual service and environmental conditions in the place of installation. The manufacturer declines all liability for any significant indirect damages resulting from violation of the guarantee, under any jurisdiction, including loss of income, stoppages and costs resulting from repair or replacement of parts. Warranty The manufacturer guarantees this product against any defect in materials and operation during the contractual period. In the event that defects are detected, the manufacturer may opt either to repair or replace the equipment. Improper handling of this equipment and its repair by the user shall constitute a violation of the guarantee. Registered Trademarks and Copyrights All registered trademarks cited in this document are the property of their respective owners. The intellectual property of this manual belongs to Ormazabal. [1] For example, in Spain the Regulation on technical conditions and guarantees for safety in high-voltage electrical installations Royal Decree 337/2014 is obligatory. In view of the constant evolution in standards and design, the characteristics of the elements contained in this manual are subject to change without prior notice. These characteristics, as well as the availability of components, are subject to confirmation by Ormazabal.

3 General Instructions Index Index 1. General description General functional characteristics Parts of the unit Electronic relay Current sensors Power supply and test board Bistable trigger Communications and programming software Applications Transformer protection General protection Line protection Protection functions Overcurrent Thermometer (external trip) Earth ultrasensitive device Metering functions Current Sensors Current sensors Functional characteristics of current sensors Vector sum/zero-sequencewiring Technical characteristics Rated values Mechanical design Insulation tests Compatibilidad electromagnética Climatic tests Mechanical tests Power tests Ce conformity Protection, metering and control models Description of models vs. functions ekor.rpt ekor.rpg Relay configurator ekor.rpt Units Functional description Características técnicas Installation in a cubicle ekor.rpt electrical diagram Installation of toroidal-core current transformers Checking and maintenance ekor.rpg Units Functional description Technical characteristics Installation in a cubicle ekor.rpg electrical diagram Installation of Toroidal-core current transformers Checking and maintenance Setting and handling menus Keypad and alphanumeric display Display Parameter setting Protection parameters Parameter setting menu Trip recognition Error codes Menu map (quick access) MODBUS protocol for ekor.rp range units Read / write functions Data reading Data writing Response in case of error Password-protected register writing CRC generation Register map...60 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 3

4 Index General Instructions 10. Annex A Brief guide for commissioning the ekor.rpg unit in cgmcosmos-v & cgm.3-v Verify the power to be protected Toroidal-core current transformers already installed Connect the HV terminals External connections Set relay Trip test with current External trip test: Commissioning: What to do in the event of Annex B Brief guide for commissioning the ekor.rpg unit in cgmcosmos-v & cgm.3-p Verify the power to be protected Toroidal-core current transformers Connect the HV terminals External connections Set relay Trip test with current External trip test Commissioning What to do in the event of IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

5 General Instructions General description 1. General description The ekor.rp () range of protection, metering and control units brings together an entire family of different equipment, which depending on the model, may incorporate protection functions as well as other functions such as local control, remote control, electrical parameter metering, automation, etc., related to the current and future automation, control and protection needs of transformer and switching substations Its use in Ormazabal s cgmcosmos and cgm.3 cubicle systems allows the configuration of customised products for meeting the diverse needs of the different installations. The ekor.rp protection, metering and control units have been designed to meet the national and international standard requirements and recommendations that are applied to each of the parts that make up the unit: Designed to be integrated in a cubicle, the ekor.rp units also provide the following advantages over conventional devices: 1. Reduction in handling of interconnections when installing the cubicle. The only connection required is limited to MV cables. 2. Minimisation of the need to install control boxes on the cubicles. 3. Avoidance of wiring and installation errors; minimisation of commissioning time. 4. All the units are factory installed, adjusted and checked; each piece of equipment (relay + control + sensors) also undergoes a comprehensive check before being installed. The final unit tests are carried out once the unit is incorporated in the cubicle before delivery. 5. They protect a broad power range with the same model (e.g.: ekor.rpg from 160 kva up to 15 MVA, in cgmcosmos system cubicles). EN 60255, EN 61000, EN , EN 60068, EN 60044, IEC 60255, IEC 61000, IEC , IEC 60068, IEC Figure 1.1. ekor.sys family: protection, metering and control units IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 5

6 General description General Instructions 1.1. General functional characteristics All the relays of the ekor.rp units include a microprocessor for processing the signals from the metering sensors. They process current metering by eradicating the influence of transient phenomena and calculate the magnitudes needed for to carry out protection functions. In addition, the efficient electrical metering values, which provide the instantaneous value of these installation parameters, are determined. They are equipped with keypad for local display, setup and operation of the unit, as well as communication ports to handle these functions from a computer, whether locally or remotely. A user-friendly design has been employed, so that the use of the various menus is intuitive. The current is measured by means of several current sensors with a high transformation ratio, making it possible for the same equipment to detect a wide range of power levels. These transformers or current sensors maintain the accuracy class in all of their rated range. The unit contains an events log where all of the latest trips made by the protection functions are registered. In addition, the total number of operations is saved as well as the unit s settings parameters. The local interface uses menus to provide the instantaneous values of the current metering for each phase and zero-sequence current, as well as the setting parameters, trip motives, etc. They can also be accessed via the communication ports. Figure 1.2. ekor.sys family relays From a maintenance perspective, the ekor rp units have a series of features that reduce the time and the possibility of errors in the test and service restoration tasks. The main features include some toroidal-core current transformers with larger diameters and test connections; accessible and disconnectable terminal blocks for tests using current injection; and built-in test contacts, even in the basic models. 6 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

7 General Instructions General description 1.2. Parts of the unit The parts that form the ekor.rp protection, metering and control unit include the electronic relay, current sensors, power supply and test board, selfpowered transformers (only for selfpowered models) and the bistable trigger. 1 Checking terminal block 2 ekor.rpg electronic relay 3 Power supply board 4 Selfpowered and current metering toroidal transformers Figure 1.3. Example of ekor.rpg unit installation in circuit-breaker cubicles 1 Power supply board 2 ekor.rpg electronic relay 3 Selfpowered and current metering toroidal transformers Figure 1.4. Example of ekor.rpt unit installation in fused protection cubicles IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 7

8 General description General Instructions Electronic relay The electronic relay has keys and a display to set and view the protection, metering and control parameters. It includes a seal on the SET key to ensure that once the settings have been made they cannot be changed unless the seal is broken. The protection trips are registered on the display with the following parameters: reason for tripping, fault current value, tripping time and the time and date the event occurred. Errors in the unit, such as a switch failure, incorrect thermometer connection, low battery, etc., are also shown permanently. The On led is activated when the equipment receives power from an external source or the self-powered transformers. In this situation, the unit is operational to perform the protection functions. If the On led is not activated, only the unit s parameters can be viewed and/or adjusted (function exclusively assigned to the relay s internal battery). The current analog signals are conditioned internally by small and very accurate transformers that isolate the electronic circuits from the rest of the installation. The equipment has two communication ports, one on the front used for local configuration (RS232), and another one on the rear used for remote control (RS485). The standard communication protocol for all models is MODBUS. Others may be used depending on the application. 1 On LED 2 Trip cause indication 3 Measures and setting parameters display 4 SET key 5 Keyboard for scrolling through screens 6 Front communication port RS232 Figure 1.5. Elements of the relay 8 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

9 General Instructions General description Current sensors The current sensors are toroidal-core current transformers with a 300 / 1 A or 1000 / 1 A ratio, depending on the models. Their range of action is the same as the switchgear where they are installed. They are factory-installed in the cubicle bushings, which significantly simplifies the on-site assembly and connection. This way, once the MV cables are connected to the cubicle, the installation protection is operational. There are no sensor installation errors, due to earthing grids, polarities, etc. since they are previously installed and tested at the factory. The inner diameter of the toroidal-core current transformers is 82 mm, which means they can be used in cables of up to 400 mm2 without any problems for performing maintenance testing afterwards. If the equipment is selfpowered, the toroidal transformers are equipped with some anchorage points to place them in the same area as the metering transformers, thus forming a single, compact block. These transformers supply 1 W when the primary current is 5 A. This power is enough to allow the units to function correctly. 1 Bushing 2 Current sensors Figure 1.6. Current transformers location All the current sensors have an integrated protection against the opening of secondary circuits, which prevents overvoltage Power supply and test board The selfpowered equipment s power supply board prepares the selfpowered transformers signal and converts it into a DC signal to safely power the equipment. The transformers permanently feed power from 5 to 630 primary amps to the board. It also has a 230 Vac input with 10 kv level of insulation. This input is for direct connection to the transformer substation s LVB. The power supply board of models with auxiliary power supply has an input for connecting both the AC (24 to 110 Vac) and DC (24 to 125 Vdc) power supply. The board prepares the signal, converting it into a DC signal suitable for safely powering the equipment. Figure 1.7. Power supply Furthermore, both types of board have a built-in protection trip test circuit as well as connectors for carrying out current injection functional tests during maintenance and checking operations. The units also have a protection device for absorbing the excess energy produced by the transformers when there are short-circuits up to 20 ka. IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 9

10 General description General Instructions Bistable trigger The bistable trigger is an electromechanical actuator that is integrated into the switch driving mechanism. This trigger acts upon the switch when there is a protection trip. It is characterised by the low actuation power it requires for tripping. This energy is received in the form of pulses lasting 50 ms and with an amplitude of 12 V. When there is a fault, these pulses are repeated every 400 ms to ensure that the switch opens. Figure 1.8. Bistable trigger 1.3. Communications and programming software All the ekor.rp units have two serial communication ports. The standard RS232 front port is used to set the local parameters with the ekor.soft program [2]. At the rear, there is an RS485 port which is used for remote control. The standard communication protocol implemented in all equipment is MODBUS-RTU (binary) transmission mode, although other specific protocols can be implemented depending on the application. This protocol has the advantage of greater information density than other modes, resulting in a higher transmission rate for the same communication speed. Each message must be transmitted as a continuous string and the silences are used to detect the end of the message. 1 ekor.ccp 2 ekor.bus 3 ekor.rci 4 ekor.rci 5 ekor.rpt 6 ekor.rpg Figure 1.9. ekor.sys family intercommunicated equipment [2] For more information about the ekor.soft program, consult Ormazabal s IG-155 document. 10 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

11 General Instructions General description The ekor.soft setup program has three main operating modes: 1. Display: indicates the unit status, including electrical measurements, current settings, date and time 2. User settings: protection parameter change is enabled 3. Event log: the parameters of the final and penultimate trip are shown as well as the total number of trips made by the protection unit Minimum system requirements for installing and using the ekor.soft software: 1. Processor: Pentium II 2. RAM: 32 Mb 3. Operating system: MS WINDOWS 4. CD-ROM / DVD 5. RS-232 serial port Figure ekor.soft displays IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 11

12 Applications General Instructions 2. Applications 2.1. Transformer protection The distribution transformers require various protection functions. Their selection depends primarily on the power and level of responsibility they have in the installation. As an example, the protection functions that must be implemented to protect distribution transformers with a power rating between 160 kva and 2 MVA are the following: Instantaneous phase overcurrent. Protects against short-circuits between phases in the primary circuit, or high value short-circuit currents between phases on the secondary side. This function is performed by the fuses when the protection cubicle does not include a circuit-breaker Phase overload. Protects against excessive overloads, which can deteriorate the transformer, or against shortcircuits in several turns of the primary windings N Instantaneous earth fault. Protects against phase to earth short-circuits or secondary winding short-circuits, from the primary interconnections and windings N Earth leakage. Protects against highly resistive faults from the primary to earth or to the secondary T Termómero. Protects against excessive transformer temperature. Figure 2.1. Transformer and fuse protection cubicle Protection units that include the above mentioned functions: Unit ekor.rpt ekor.rpg Type of cubicle Fusecombination switch Circuitbreaker See tables and Table 2.1. Protection units cgmcosmos system cgm.3 system Power ranges to protect 50 kva kva 50 kva kva 50 kva...15 MVA 50 kva...25 MVA 1 Busbars 2 Overcurrent protection 3 Thermometer Figure 2.2. Transformer protection 12 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

13 General Instructions Applications 2.2. General protection The client supply installations require general protection to ensure that an installation is disconnected from the rest of the network in the event of a fault. In this way, the utility s supply line will remain energised and other clients will remain unaffected. It also protects the client s installation by disconnecting it from the power source in the event of a fault. In this type of protection, all the faults detected in the substation s main circuit breaker should be simultaneously detected in the transformer substations so that they can be cleared before the line trips (protection selectivity) Instantaneous phase overcurrent. Protects against short-circuits between phases Phase overload. Protects against excessive overloads, which can deteriorate the installation. It is also used as a limiting device to control the supply s maximum power N Instantáneo de tierra. Protects against phase-toearth short-circuits N Fuga a tierra. Protects against highly resistive faults between phase and earth. The following protection units provide the abovementioned functions: Unit ekor.rpt ekor.rpg Type of cubicle Fusecombination switch Circuitbreaker See tables and Table 2.2. Type of protection cgmcosmos system cgm.3 system Power ranges to protect 50 kva kva 50 kva kva 50 kva...15 MVA 50 kva...25 MVA Figure General protection IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 13

14 Applications General Instructions 2.3. Line protection The purpose of the line protection is to isolate this part of the network in case of fault, without it affecting the rest of the lines. Generally, it covers any fault that originates between the substation, or switching substation, and the consumption points. The types of fault that occur in these areas of the network primarily depend on the nature of the line, overhead line or cable and the neutral used. In networks with overhead lines, most faults are transitory. Hence, many line reclosings are effective. On the other hand, in case of phase-to-earth faults in overhead lines, when the ground resistance is very high, the zero-sequence fault currents have a very low value In these cases, an ultrasensitive neutral current detection is required. The underground cables have earth coupling capacities, which causes the single phase faults to include capacitive currents. This phenomenon makes detection difficult in isolated or resonant earthed neutral networks and thus requires the use of the directional function. Line protection is mainly accomplished by the following functions: Instantaneous phase overcurrent. Protects against short-circuits between phases Phase overload. Protects against excessive overloads, which can deteriorate the installation N Instantaneous earth fault. Protects against phaseto-earth short-circuits N Earth leakage. Protects against highly resistive faults between phase and earth Ns Ultrasensitive earth instantaneous overcurrent. Protects against phase to earth short-circuits of very low value Ns Ultrasensitive earth leakage protection. Protects against highly resistive faults between phase and earth of very low value. Unit that includes the above mentioned functions: cgmcosmos / cgm.3 systems Unit Type of cubicle Maximum rated current ekor.rpg Circuit-breaker 630 A Table 2.3. Line protection with circuit breaker Figure 2.4. Line protection 14 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

15 General Instructions Protection functions 3. Protection functions 3.1. Overcurrent The units have an overcurrent function for each one of the phases (3 x 50-51) and, depending on the model, they may have another one for earth (50N-51N). The implemented protection curves are the ones listed in standard IEC Overcurrent functions that can be performed depending on the model: 1. Overload multicurve protection for phases (51) 2. Protection of phase-to-earth multicurve faults (51N) 3. Short-circuit protection (instantaneous) at a defined time between phases (50) 4. Short-circuit protection (instantaneous) at a defined time between phase and earth (50N) Meaning of the curve parameters for phase settings: t(s) Theoretical tripping time for a fault which evolves with a constant current value I Actual current flowing through the phase with the largest amplitude I n Rated setting current I> Withstand overload increment K Curve factor I>> Short-circuit current factor (instantaneous) T>> Short-circuit delay time (instantaneous) 5. Pick-up current value of NI, VI, and EI curves = 1.1 x I n x I> 6. Pick-up current value of DT curve = 1.0 x I n x I> 7. Instantaneous pick-up current value = I n x I> x I>> In the case of earth settings, the parameters are similar to the phase settings. Each of them is described below. to(s) Theoretical tripping time for an earth fault which evolves with a constant current value I 0 I o Actual current flowing to earth I n Rated phase setting current I o> Withstand earth leakage factor (phase) K o Curve factor I o>> Short-circuit current factor (instantaneous) T 0>> Short-circuit delay time (instantaneous) 8. Pick-up current value of NI, VI, and EI curves = 1.1 x I n x I o> 9. Pick-up current value of DT curve = 1.0 x I n x I o> 10. Instantaneous pick-up current value = I n x I o> x I o>> IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 15

16 Protection functions General Instructions Phase time delay: t(s) 0,14* K = 0,02 Earth time delay: t 0 (s) I In* I > 0,14* K 0 = 0,02 I 0 In* I 0 > 1 1 Phase time delay: t(s) 13,5* K = 1 Earth time delay: t 0 (s) I In* I > 13,5* K 0 = 1 I 0 In* I 0 > 1 1 Figure 3.1. Normally inverse curve Figure 3.2. Very inverse curve 16 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

17 General Instructions Protection functions Phase time delay: t(s) 80 * K I In* I > = 2 Earth time delay: t 0 (s) 80 * K 0 I 0 In* I 0 > = Phase time delay: t(s) = 5 * K Earth time delay: t 0 (s) = 5 * K 0 Figure 3.4. Defined time curve Figure 3.3. Extremely inverse curve IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 17

18 Protection functions General Instructions 3.2. Thermometer (external trip) The equipment has an input for connecting volt-free contacts and tripping the switch. This input is protected against erroneous connections (e.g. 230 Vac) showing an error code on the display when this anomaly occurs. The switch trips when the volt-free contact is closed for at least 200 ms. This prevents untimely tripping due to external disturbances. External tripping protection is disabled when all of the overcurrent protection functions are disabled (for firmware version 18 or later). In this situation, the relay will not trip the switch but a flashing arrow will appear at the top of the display screen to show that the external trip contact is closed (see section 8.4). The purpose of this function is to protect the transformers maximum temperature. The trip input is associated to contact of the thermometer which measures the oil s temperature and when the maximum set value is reached, its associated contact closes and the switch trips. Unlike conventional coils, it has the advantage of not having low-voltage network connections with the consequent overvoltages generated in the control circuits. 1 External trip contact 2 Switch trips 3 External contact closing 4 Tryp switch Figure 3.5. Tryp switch This trip input can also be associated to output contacts of remote control terminals, alarms and auxiliary relays responsible for opening the switch. 18 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

19 General Instructions Protection functions 3.3. Ultrasensitive earth device This protection corresponds to a particular type of overcurrent protections. It is primarily used in networks with isolated or resonant earthed neutral, where the phaseto-earth fault current value depends on the system cable capacity value and on the point in which the fault occurs. Generally, in medium voltage private installations with short cable stretches, simply determine a minimum zerosequence current threshold at which the protection must trip. The current flowing to earth is detected using a toroidal-core current transformer which covers the three phases. In this way, the metering is independent from the phase current, thus avoiding errors in the phase metering transformers. In general, this type of protection must be used when the set earth current is less than 10 % of the rated phase current (for example: for a rated phase current of 400 A with earth faults below 40 A). On the other hand, in the lines, whose cable stretches are usually long, it is necessary to identify the fault direction. Otherwise, trips can occur due to capacitive currents from other lines, when there is not any fault in the line. 1 Voltage and current sensors 2 Zero-squence toroidal transformer Figure 3.6. Sensors The available curves are: normally inverse (NI), very inverse (VI), extremely inverse (EI) and defined time (DT). The setting parameters are the same as in the earth faults of the overcurrent functions (section 3.1 overcurrent), with the exception that factor I o > is replaced with the value directly in amps I g. This way, this parameter can be set to very low earth current values, regardless of the phase setting current. 1. Pick-up current value of NI, VI, and EI curves = 1.1 x I g 2. Pick-up current value of DT curve = I g 3. Instantaneous pick-up current value = I g x I o>> IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 19

20 Metering functions General Instructions 4. Metering functions 4.1. Current The current values measured by the ekor.rp units correspond to the efficient values of each of the phases I 1, I 2 and I 3. Eight samples from a half-period are used and the mean of five consecutive values is calculated. This measurement is updated every second. It offers Class 1 meter accuracy, from 5 A up to 120 % of the current sensor s maximum rated range. The zero-sequence current measurement Io is performed in the same way as the phase currents. 1. Current meters: I 1, I 2, I 3 and I o Figure 4.1. Metering functions 20 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

21 General Instructions Sensors 5. Sensors 5.1. Current sensors The electronic current transformers are designed for optimal adaptation to digital equipment technology, with a slight modification of the secondary interface. Therefore, the protection, metering and control equipment for these sensors operate with the same algorithms and with the same consistency as conventional devices. The low power outputs from the sensors can be adapted to standard values using external amplifiers. In this way, you can use conventional equipment or electronic relays. Main advantages derived from the use of sensor based systems: 1. Small volume. The decreased power consumption of these transformers allows their volume to be drastically reduced. 2. Improved accuracy. Signal acquisition is much more accurate due to high transformation ratios. 3. Wide range. When there are power increases in the installation, the sensors do not have to be replaced with ones having a greater ratio. 4. Greater safety. The open-air live parts disappear, increasing personnel safety. 5. Greater reliability. The full insulation of the whole installation provides greater levels of protection against external agents. 6. Easy maintenance. The sensors do not need to be disconnected when the cable or cubicle is being tested. Figure 5.1. Current sensors IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 21

22 Sensors General Instructions Functional characteristics of current sensors The current sensors are toroidal-core current transformers with a high transformation ratio and low rated burden. These sensors are encapsulated in self-extinguishing polyurethane resin. Phase toroidal current transformers Range A Range A Ratio 300 / 1 A 1000 / 1 A Metering range for Cl A Extd. 130 % A Extd. 130 % Accuracy at 3 A: Ratio error ±0.4% Phase displacement ±85 minutes at 5 A: Ratio error ±0.35% Phase displacement ±25 minutes Protection 5P20 5P20 Metering Class 0.5 Class 0.5 Burden 0.18 VA 0.2 VA Thermal current 31.5 ka 3 s 31.5 ka 3 s Dynamic current 2.5Ith (80 ka) 2.5Ith (80 ka) Saturation current 7,800 A 26,000 A Frequency Hz Hz Insulation 0.72 / 3 kv 0.72 / 3 kv Outer diameter 139 mm 139 mm Inner diameter 82 mm 82 mm Height 38 mm 38 mm Weight 1,350 kg 1,650 kg Polarity S1 blue, S2 brown S1 blue, S2 brown Encapsulation Self-extinguishing polyurethane Self-extinguishing polyurethane Thermal class B (130 ºC) B (130 ºC) Reference standard IEC IEC Table 5.1. Phase toroidal current transformers Toroidal power transformers ekor.rpt/ekor.rpg Ratio 200 / 1 A with centre tap ( A) Power supply range 5 A to 630 A Thermal current 20 ka Dynamic current 50 ka Power 0.4 VA to 5 A Frequency Hz Insulation 0.72 / 3 kv Outer dimensions 139 mm Inner dimensions 82 mm Height 38 mm Weight 1,240 kg Polarity S1 blue, S2 brown Encapsulation Self-extinguishing polyurethane Thermal class B (130 C) Table 5.2. Toroidal power transformers 22 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

23 General Instructions Sensors Figure 5.3. Zero-sequence toroidal transformer Figure 5.2. Phase toroidal transformer IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 23

24 Sensors General Instructions Vector sum/zero-sequencewiring The wiring of the aforementioned transformers is performed in two different ways, depending on whether they have a zero-sequence toroidal current transformer installed or not. As a general rule, the zero-sequence toroidal transformer is used when the earth fault current is a below 10% of the phase current rating. Figure 5.4. Detection of earth current by vector sum Figure 5.5. Detection of earth current by zero-sequence toroidal transformer Zero-sequence toroidal current transformers Range A Range A Ratio 300 / 1 A 1000 / 1 A Metering range 0.5 A to 50 A extd. 130 % 0.5 A to 50 A extd. 130 % Protection 5P10 5P10 Metering Class 3 Class 3 Burden 0.2 VA 0.2 VA Thermal current 31,5 ka 3 s 31,5 ka 3 s Dynamic current 2.5Ith (80 ka) 2.5Ith (80 ka) Saturation current 780 A 780 A Frequency Hz Hz Insulation 0.72 / 3 kv 0.72 / 3 kv Outer dimensions 330 x 105 mm 330 x 105 mm Inner dimensions 272 x 50 mm 272 x 50 mm Height 41 mm 41 mm Weight 0.98 kg 0.98 kg Polarity S1 blue, S2 brown S1 blue, S2 brown Encapsulation Self-extinguishing polyurethane Self-extinguishing polyurethane Thermal class B (130 ºC) B (130 ºC) Reference standard IEC IEC Table 5.3. Zero-sequence current transformers 24 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

25 General Instructions Technical characteristics 6. Technical characteristics 6.1. Rated values Power supply AC 24 V ac V ac ±30 % 5 VA DC 24 V dc V dc ±30 % 2.5 W Selfpowered >5 A, 230 V ac ±30 % Current inputs Primary phase 5 A A (depending on model) Earth 0.5 A A (depending on model) I thermal/dynamic 20 ka / 50 ka Impedance 0.1 Ω Accuracy Time delay 5 % (minimum 20 ms) Metering / protection Class 0,5 / 5P20 Frequency 50 Hz; 60 Hz ±1 % Output contacts Voltage 250 Vac Current 10 A (AC) Switching power 500 VA (resistive load) Temperature Operating - 40 ºC to + 70 ºC Storage - 40 ºC to + 70 ºC Communications Front port DB9 RS232 Rear port RS485 (5 kv) RJ45 Protocol MODBUS (RTU) Table 6.1. Rated values 6.2. Mechanical design IP rating Terminals IP2X In cubicle IP3X IP4X (according to IEC ) IK06 (according to EN 50102) Dimensions (h x w x d): 146 x 47 x 165 mm Weight 0,3 kg Wiring Cable/termination mm 2 Table 6.2. Mechanical design 6.3. Insulation tests IEC Insulation resistance 500 V DC: > 10 GΩ Electric strength 2 kv ac; 50 Hz; 1 min Voltage impulses: standard 5 kv; 1.2 / 50 µs; 0.5 J differential 1 kv; 1.2 / 50 µs; 0.5 J Table 6.3. Insulation tests 6.4. Electromagnetic compatibility IEC Voltage dips 200 ms Ripple 12 % IEC Damped wave 1 MHz 2.5 kv; 1 kv IEC Electrostatic discharges (IEC , class IV) 8 kv air 6 kv contact Continued on next page IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 25

26 Technical characteristics General Instructions Continuation IEC Radiated fields 10 V/m (IEC , class III) IEC Bursts - Fast transients ±4 kv (IEC ) IEC Overvoltage pulses 4 kv; 2 kv (IEC ) IEC Induced radio frequency 150 khz...80 MHz signals (IEC ) IEC Magnetic fields 100 A / m; 50 Hz constant 1000 A / m; 50 Hz short- time (2 s) IEC Sinusoidal damped wave 2,5 kv; 1 kv IEC Table 6.4. Electromagnetic compatibility 6.5. Climatic tests Electromagnetic emissions (EN ) 150 khz to 30 MHz (conducted) 30 MHz to 1 GHz (radiated) IEC Slow changes. Cold - 40 ºC; 16 hrs IEC Slow changes. Heat + 70 ºC; 16 hrs IEC Damp heat, continuous test + 40 ºC; 93 %; 10 days IEC Damp heat cycles + 55 ºC; 6 cycles Table 6.5. Climatic tests 6.6. Mechanical tests IEC Sinusoidal vibration. Response Hz; 1 g Sinusoidal vibration. Endurance Hz; 2 g IEC Impacts. Response 11 ms; 5 g Impact. Endurance 11 ms; 15 g Shock. Endurance 16 ms; 10 g IEC Seismic tests 1 38 MHz, 1 g vertical, 0.5 g horizontal Table 6.6. Mechanical tests 6.7. Power tests IEC No-load cable making and breaking 24 kv / 50 A / cosφ = 0.1 IEC Mainly active load making and breaking 24 kv / 630 A / cosφ = 0.7 IEC Earth faults 24 kv / 200 A / 50 A No-load transformer making and breaking 13.2 kv / 250 A / 1250 kva IEC Short-circuit making and breaking 20 ka / 1 s Table 6.7. Power tests 6.8. CE conformity This product complies with the European Union directive 2014/30/EU on electromagnetic compatibility, and with the IEC international regulations. The unit has been designed and manufactured for use in industrial areas, in accordance with EMC standards. This compliance results from a test performed according to article 7 of the directive. 26 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

27 General Instructions Protection, metering and control models 7. Protection, metering and control models 7.1. Description of models vs. functions ekor.rpt Distribution transformer protection unit installed in fusecombination switch cubicles. The electronic unit performs all the protection functions except for the high value polyphase short-circuits that occur in the transformer s primary. It has inputs and outputs for switch monitoring and control. The unit can protect a power range from 50 kva up to 2000 kva in cgmcosmos system cubicles and from 50 kva up to 1250 kva in cgm.3 system cubicles. Figure 7.1. ekor.rpt ekor.rpg Distribution general protection unit installed in circuitbreaker cubicles. The main usage applications are: general protection of lines, private installations, transformers, capacitor stacks, etc. They can protect a power range from 50 kva up to 400 kva (630 kva for cgm.3 system cubicles), when they include toroidal-core current transformers from 5 A to 100 A. With 15 A to 630 A toroidal-core current transformers, they offer a power range between 160 kva and 15 MVA (25 MVA for cgm.3 system cubicles). Figure 7.2. ekor.rpg IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 27

28 Protection, metering and control models General Instructions Protection, metering and control units ekor.rp ekor.rpt ekor.rpg General Phase current sensors 3 3 Earth (zero-sequence) current sensor Op Op Voltage sensors No No Digital inputs 2 2 Digital outputs 2 2 Power supply 24 V dc to 125 V dc / 24 V ac to 110 V ac Op Op Self powered (> 5 A, V ac ±30 %) Op Op Protection Phase overcurrent (50-51) Yes Yes Earth leakage overcurrent (50N-51N) Op Op Ultrasensitive earth leakage protection (50Ns-51Ns) Op Op Thermometer (49T) Yes Yes Communications MODBUS-RTU Yes Yes PROCOME No No RS-232 configuration port Yes Yes RS-485 port for remote control Yes Yes ekor.soft setup and monitoring program Op Op Indications Tripping cause indication Yes Yes Error display Yes Yes Test Test blocks for current injection Yes Yes Output contact for test Yes Yes Measurements Current Yes Yes Presence / absence of voltage No No Op - optional Table 7.1. Protection, metering and control units ekor.rp 28 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

29 General Instructions Protection, metering and control models 7.2. Relay configurator To select the ekor.rp unit on the basis of the installation characteristics, the following configurator will be used: ekor.rp Type: g For protection cubicle with circuit-breaker t For fuse protection cubicle Protection functions: 10 Three phases (3 x 50/51) 20 Three phases and neutral (3 x 50/ N/51 N) 30 Three phases and sensitive neutral (3 x 50/ Ns/51 Ns) Toroidal-core current transformers: 0 Without toroidal transformers 1 Range A 2 Range A Power supply: A Self powered B Auxiliary power supply (battery, UPS, etc.) Example: In the case of a selfpowered relay for a protection cubicle with a circuit-breaker, with functions 3 x 50/ Ns/51Ns and toroidal-core current transformers with a range of A, the corresponding configurator would be ekor.rpg-301a. Not all combinations resulting from this configurator are possible. For the availability of other models, please consult Ormazabal s technical - commercial department. IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 29

30 Protection, metering and control models General Instructions 7.3. ekor.rpt units Functional description The ekor.rpt protection, metering and control unit is used for the protection of distribution transformers. It is installed in fuse-combination switch cubicles so the electronic system performs all the protection functions, except high polyphase short-circuit values, which are cleared by the fuses. When an overcurrent that is within the values that the load break switch can open is detected, the relay acts upon a low power bistable trigger that opens the switch. If the fault current is greater than the breaking capacity of the load break switch [3], the switch trip is blocked so that the fuses will blow. On the other hand, the equipment is disconnected and the fuses do not remain energised. Figure 7.4. General protection (MV client supply) Figure 7.3. Transformer protection [3] 1200 A for cgmcosmos-p, 480 A for, 36 kv range cgm IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

31 General Instructions Protection, metering and control models Características técnicas The ekor.rpt unit is used to protect the following transformer power ratings. Line voltage [kv] Fuse rated voltage [kv] cgmcosmos System Minimum transformer power Maximum transformer power Fuse rating [A] [kva] Fuse rating [A] [kva] / (1) / (1) / / (2) / (1) 442 mm cartridge, (2) 125 A SIBA SSK fuse Table 7.2. Technical characteristics cgmcosmos sytem Line voltage [kv] Fuse rated voltage [kv] cgm.3 System Minimum transformer power Maximum transformer power Fuse rating [A] [kva] Fuse rating [A] [kva] / ( ¹ ) / / / / / (2) / (2) 2500 (1) 442 mm cartridge (2) SIBA SSK fuse (check) Table 7.3. Technical characteristics cgm.3 system IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 31

32 Protection, metering and control models General Instructions Selection process for the ekor.rpt unit protection parameters in cgmcosmos-p cubicles: 1. Determine the required fuse rating to protect the transformer in accordance with the fuse table in Ormazabal s document IG-078. The maximum ratings that can be used are 160 A for voltages up to and including 12 kv, and 125 A for voltages up to and including 24 kv. 2. Calculate the transformer rated current I n = S/ 3 x U n. 3. Define the continuous overload level I>. Normal values in transformers of up to 2000 kva are 20 % for distribution installations and 5 % for power generation installations. 4. Select the transitory overload curve. Coordination between relay curves and LV fuses is performed with the EI type curve. 5. Define the delay time in transitory overload K. This parameter is defined by the transformer s thermal constant. This way, the greater the constant, the longer it takes for the transformer s temperature to increase under an overload condition; and therefore, the protection trigger can be delayed longer. The usual value for distribution transformers is K = 0.2, which means that it trips in 2 s if the overload is 300 % in the EI curve. 6. Short-circuit level I>>. The maximum value of the transformer s magnetisation current must be determined. The current peak produced when a no-load transformer is connected, due to the effect of a magnetised nucleus, is several times greater than the rated current. This peak value, up to 12 times the rated value (10 times for more than 1000 kva) has a very high harmonic content, so its fundamental 50 Hz component is much less. Therefore, a usual setting value for this parameter is between 7 and Instantaneous time delay T>>. This value corresponds with the protection trip time in the event a short-circuit occurs. It depends on the coordination with other protections and the usual values are between 0.1 and 0.5 s. If the short-circuit value is high, the fuses will act in the time determined by their characteristic curve. 8. Determine the current value in case of secondary three-phase short-circuit. This fault must be cleared by the fuses, and it corresponds with the intersection point s maximum value between the relay and the fuse curves. If the intersection point is greater than the secondary short-circuit value, the settings must be adjusted to meet this requirement. To select the ekor.rpt unit protection parameters in cgm.3-p cubicles, the steps to follow are similar to those proposed in the paragraphs above, except for the first step. The fuse rating required to protect the transformer is determined according to the fuse table of Ormazabal s documents IG-034 and IG-136 respectively. Please take into consideration that the minimum protection powers are listed in the table above. In case of protecting a transformer with following characteristics in cgmcosmos cubicle system: S = 1250 kva, U n = 15 kv and U k = 5 % Follow the procedure below for proper coordination between the fuses and the protection relay: 1. Fuse selection according to IG / 24 kv 125 A fuse 2. Rated current. In = S / 3 x U n = 1250 kva / 3 x 15 kv 48 A 3. Continuous withstand overload 20 %. I n x I> = 48 A x 1,2 58 A 4. Extremely Inverse Curve type. E.I 5. Transitory overload factor. K = 0,2 6. Short-circuit level. I n x I> x I>> = 48 A x 1,2 x A 7. Instantaneous time delay T>> = 0,4 s 8. Secondary short-circuit. I cs = I n x 100/U k = 48 A x 100/5 960 A 32 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

33 General Instructions Protection, metering and control models 1 Fuse selection 125 A 2 Rated current 48 A 3 Continuous overload 58 A 4 E.I. Curve type 5 Factor K = Short-circuit level 404 A 7 Instantaneous time delay 400 ms 8 Secondary three-phase short-circuit 960 A 9 Fuse operation area 10 Relay operation area (s) Time (S) (A) Current (A) Figure 7.5. Example for SIBA SSK fuse IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 33

34 Protection, metering and control models General Instructions The earth unit setting depends on the characteristics of the line where the unit is installed. In general, the earth fault values are high enough to be detected as overcurrent. Even in isolated or resonant earthed neutral networks, the fault value in transformer protection installations is clearly different from the capacitive currents of the lines. This way, the transformer protection ekor.rpt units are used in isolated neutral networks that do not require the directional function. The values of the setting parameters must guarantee selectivity with the main switch protections. Given the variety of protection criteria and types of neutral used in the networks, it does not exist a single parameterisation; each case requires a specific parameterisation. For transformers up to 2000 kva, the settings below are given as a general example. It must be ensured that they properly apply to the protections upstream (general, line or main switch protections, among others.) Phase setting Rated current Time delayed Instantaneous I> K I>> T>> In = S / 3 x U n = 48 A EI DT Table 7.4. Phase setting Earth setting Type of neutral Time delayed Instantaneous I o > K o I o >> T o >> Solid or impedant NI DT Isolated or resonant NI DT 0.1 / Ig = 2 A (*) * In case a zero-sequence toroidal transformer is used Table 7.5. Earth setting 34 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

35 General Instructions Protection, metering and control models Installation in a cubicle The integral parts of the ekor. units are the electronic relay, the power supply and test board, the bistable trigger and the current sensors. The electronic relay is fixed to the cubicle driving mechanism using anchors. The front of the equipment, which contains the components of the user interface, display, keys, communication ports, etc., is accessible from the outside without the need to remove the mechanism enclosure. The rear contains the X1 and X2 connectors, as well as the wiring that connects it to the power supply board. 1 Power supply board 2 ekor.rpt electronic relay 3 Selfpowered and current metering toroidal transformers Figure 7.6. Example of installation of a ekor.rpt unit in fuse protecton cubicles Figure 7.7. ekor.rpt frontal and rear view 1 ekor.rpt relay configurations 2 DB-9 Male (relay) 3 DB-9 Female (PC) 4 RS485 connection pins Figure 7.8. ekor.rpt frontal and rear connection diagram IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 35

36 Protection, metering and control models General Instructions All of the signals that come from the relay go through the board. Hence, the board enables the unit to be checked. Furthermore, there is a volt-free contact (J3) which is activated simultaneously with the relay trip. This enables to use conventional current injection equipment for testing the protection relays. The selfpowered transformers are also connected to the power supply board using the J7 connector in the selfpowered relays. The signal transformers are connected to the board s J8 connector, the function being to inject current into the secondary in order to test the relay. The ekor.rpt protection, metering and control unit has three connectors (J1, J3 and J4) to which the user can connect. They are situated on the upper part of the power supply and test board and their functions are as follows. Connector Name Functions Normal use J1 EXT. TRIP It must be connected to an NO, volt-free contact. When it is activated, the protection device trips if an overcurrent protection function is activated. Transformer thermometer J3 J4 TRIP V. AUX Table 7.6. Connector functionallity This is an NO, volt-free contact which is activated when the protection device is tripped. It also works in self powered mode. Auxiliary power supply input: 230 V ac for selfpowered units and 24 to 125 V dc or 24 to 110 V ac for those with auxiliary power supply (10 kv insulated in relation to the rest of the equipment, in self powered models) Protection unit test Trip signal for remotely-controlled installations Relay power supply (LVB of the transformer to protect, battery, etc.) 36 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

37 General Instructions Protection, metering and control models ekor.rpt electrical diagram Figure 7.9. ekor.rpt electrical diagram For more details, please see electrical diagram No. 990,042, which shows the electrical connections between the different parts of the ekor.rpg unit and the cubicle. IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 37

38 Protection, metering and control models General Instructions Installation of toroidal-core current transformers The installation of toroidal-core current transformers requires special attention. It is the main cause of untimely tripping problems, and its improper operation can cause trips that go undetected during commissioning. Aspects that must be considered in the installation. 1. The toroidal-core current transformers are installed on the outgoing cables of the cubicle. The inner diameter is 82 mm, which means that MV cables can easily pass through the inside. 2. The earthing screen MUST go through the toroidal-core current transformer when it comes out of the part of cable remaining above the toroidal-core current transformer. In this case, the braided pair goes through the inside of the toroidal-core current transformer before it is connected to the earthing of the cubicle. The braided pair must not touch any metal part, such as the cable support or other areas of the cable compartment, before it is connected to the cubicle s earth. 3. The earthing screen must NOT go through the toroidal-core current transformer when it comes out of the part of cable remaining under the toroidal-core current transformer. In this case, the braided pair is connected directly to the earthing collector of the cubicle. If there is no braided pair for the earthing screen because it is connected at the other end (as in metering cubicles), the twisted pair should also not go through the toroidal-core current transformer. 1 Earth screen: it must pass through the inside of the toroidalcore Figure Installation of toroidal-core transformers Checking and maintenance The ekor.rpt protection, metering and control unit is designed to perform the operating test necessary for both commissioning and regular maintenance checks. Several levels of checks are available depending on the possibility of interrupting service and accessing the MV cubicle cable compartment. 1. Check through the primary: This case corresponds to the tests that are performed on the equipment when it is completely shut down, since it involves actuating the switchdisconnector and earthing the cubicle outgoing cables. When current is injected through the toroidal-core current transformers, you must check that the protection opens the switch within the selected time. In addition, you must make sure that the tripping indications are correct and that all the events are being recorded in the history log. To perform this check, the unit must be powered up. Hence more than 5 A must be injected, or it must be connected to 230 Vac for self powered relays. As regards those which have auxiliary power supply, feed the voltage through the board s J4 connector.. To perform this check, follow the steps indicated below: a. Open the cubicle s switch-disconnector and then earth the output. b. Access the cable compartment and pass a test cable through the toroidal-core current transformers. c. Connect the test cable to the current circuit of the tester. d. Connect the power supply board s J3 connector to the tester s timer stopper input. e. Open the earthing switch and close the switch. Reset the latch and remove the actuating lever in order to leave the cubicle ready for tripping. f. Inject the test currents and verify the tripping times are correct. Check that the trips are correctly displayed. For phase trips, the test cable must pass through two toroidalcore current transformers. The cable must pass through each of them in opposite direction; in other words, if in the first one current flows up bottom, in the other it must flow bottom up so that the sum of the two currents equals zero and no earth trip occur. For earth trips, the test cable is passed through a single toroidal-core current transformer (zero-sequence or phase toroidal, depending on whether a zero-sequence toroidal is available or not). Trip tests must be performed for all toroidalcore current transformers to check the proper operation of the complete unit. 38 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

39 General Instructions Protection, metering and control models 2. Check through the secondary. In this case, the tests are performed on the equipment when the cable compartment is not accessible. This occurs because the cubicle outgoing cables are energised and cannot be connected to earth. In this case, it is not possible to feed a test cable through the toroidal transformers and current must be injected from the power supply board. This testing method is much better than using testing equipment (normally more than 100 A). g. Connect the test cable to the current circuit of the tester. h. Connect the power supply board s J3 connector to the tester s timer stopper input. i. If the switch can be opened, put it in closed position. Reset the latch and remove the actuating lever in order to leave the cubicle ready for tripping and connect the bistable trigger. If the switch cannot be operated, the bistable trigger should remain disconnected and the checking process should be performed as shown in next section: Check without switch operation. j. Inject the secondary test currents taking into account that the transformation ratio is 300 / 1 A. Check that the trip times are correct. Check that the trips are correctly displayed. It is advisable to perform the check through the primary or the check through the secondary annually to guarantee correct equipment operation. Figure Tarjeta de alimentación To perform this check, follow the steps indicated below: a. Access the control s upper compartment where the power supply board is located. b. Disconnect the bistable trigger. c. Disconnect the blue, brown, black and earth cables of the J8 connector, corresponding to points J8-6, J8-8, J8-10 and J8-1 respectively. d. Connect the previously disconnected cables to the earth points N of connector J8-3. This operation will shortcircuit the current transformers secondary circuitry. e. Connect the power supply to the J4 connector: 230 V ac for selfpowered units and 24 to 125 V dc or 24 to 110 V ac for auxiliary power supply units. f. Connect the test cable to the J8 connector, bearing in mind the following ratio between the connector s points and the phases: Current through L1 J8-6 and J8-1. Current through L2 J8-8 and J8-1. Current through L3 J8-10 and J8-1. Current through L1 and L2 (without earthing current) - J8-6 and J8-8. Current through L1 and L3 (without earthing current) - J8-6 and J8-10. Current through L2 and L3 (without earthing current) - J8-8 and J Check without operating the switch. In many occasions, the protection cubicle switch cannot be operated and therefore, the maintenance checks are performed exclusively on the electronic unit. In these cases, the following points shall be considered. a. Always disconnect the bistable trigger. This way, the relay can trip without acting upon the opening mechanism. b. Inject the current according to the section above check through the secondary. c. The toroidal-core current transformers can be verified if the approximate consumption is known. The current that circulates through the secondary J8-6 (blue), J8-8 (brown) and J8-10 (black) must correspond to the 300 / 1 A ratio. d. As regards selfpowered relays, check that the selfpowered transformers provide the operating power needed by the relay, if the primary current is greater than 5 A. To do this, check that the voltage in connector J7 (between points 1 - blue and 2- brown) is greater than 10 V dc. IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 39

40 Protection, metering and control models General Instructions 7.4. ekor.rpg Units Functional description The ekor.rpg unit is used for the general protection of lines, private installations, transformers, etc. It is installed in circuit-breaker cubicles - models cgmcosmos-v, and/ or cgm.3-v - so that the electronic unit performs all the protection functions. When an overcurrent that is within the relay operational value range is detected, this relay acts upon a low power bistable trigger that opens the circuit-breaker. 1 Checking terminal block 2 ekor.rpg electronic relay 3 Selfpowered and current metering toroidal transformers Figure Functional description 40 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

41 General Instructions Protection, metering and control models Technical characteristics The ekor.rpg protection unit is used to protect the following power ratings: Line voltage [kv] cgmcosmos/cgm.3 Systems ekor.rpg with A transformers P. mín [kva] [kva] ekor.rpg with A transformers P. máx [kva] (1) (1) (1) For and cgm.3 system cubicles Table 7.7. Power ratings Selection process for the ekor.rpg unit protection parameters in cgmcosmos-v, and cgm.3-v cubicles: 1. Determine the system power to be protected and select the ekor.rpg model in accordance with the table above. 2. Calculate the rated current I n = S / 3 x U n. 3. Define the continuous overload level I>. Normal values in transformers of up to 2000 kva are 20 % for distribution installations and 5 % for power generation installations. 4. Select the transitory overload curve. Coordination between relay curves and LV fuses is performed with the EI type curve. 5. Define the delay time in transitory overload K. This parameter is defined by the transformer s thermal constant. This way, the greater the constant, the longer it takes for the transformer s temperature to increase under an overload condition; and therefore, the protection trigger can be delayed longer. The normal value for distribution transformers is K = 0.2, which means that it trips in 2 s if the overload is 300 % in the EI curve. 6. Short-circuit level I>>. The maximum value of the transformer s magnetisation current must be determined. The current peak produced when a no-load transformer is connected, due to the effect of a magnetised nucleus, is several times greater than the rated current. This peak value, up to 12 times the rated value (10 times for more than 1000 kva) has a very high harmonic content, so its fundamental 50 Hz component is much less. So, a normal setting value for this parameter is between 7 and 10. I n the case of general protections for several transformers, this value can be lower. 7. Instantaneous time delay T>>. This value corresponds with the protection trip time in the event a short-circuit occurs. It depends on the coordination with other protections and the normal values are between 0.1 and 0.5 s. In the case of a general protection for two transformers, 1000 kva each: S = 2000 kva, U n = 15 kv The steps to follow for proper setting of the protection relay are the following: a. Rated current. I n = S / 3 x U n = 2000 kva / 3 x 15 kv 77 A b. Continuous withstand overload 20 %. I n x I> = 77 A x A c. Extremely Inverse Curve type. E.I. d. Transitory overload factor. K = 0.2 e. Short-circuit level. I n x I> x I>> = 77 A x 1,2 x A f. Instantaneous time delay T>> = 0,1 s The earth unit setting depends on the characteristics of the network where the equipment is installed. In general, the earth fault values are high enough to be detected as overcurrent. In the isolated or resonant earthed neutral networks, when the fault value is very low, in other words, when the earth protection is set to a value below 10 % of the rated phase current, it is recommended that an ultrasensitive earth protection be used. IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 41

42 Protection, metering and control models General Instructions The values of the setting parameters must guarantee selectivity with the main switch protections. Given the variety of protection criteria and types of neutral used in the networks, it does not exist a single parameterisation; each case requires a specific parameterisation. For transformers up to 2000 kva, the settings below are given as a general example. It must be ensured that they properly apply to the protections upstream (general, line or main switch protections, among others.) Phase setting Rated current Curve Instantaneous I> K I>> T>> I n = S / 3 x U n = 77 A EI DT Table 7.8. Phase setting Earth setting Type of neutral Curve Instantaneous I o > K o I o >> T o >> Solid or impedant NI DT Isolated or resonant NI DT 0.1 / I g = 2 A (*) * In case a zero-sequence toroidal transformer is used Table 7.9. Setting of earth Installation in a cubicle The integral parts of the ekor.rpg units are the electronic relay, the power supply and test board and flip-flop trigger and the current sensors. The electronic relay is fixed to the cubicle driving mechanism using anchors. The front of the equipment, which contains the components of the user interface, display, keys, communication ports, etc., is accessible from the outside without the need to remove the driving mechanism enclosure. The rear contains the X1 and X2 connectors (see section 7.4.4) as well as the wiring that connects it to the power supply board. The signals that are operational for the user are located on a terminal block that can be shortcircuited and accessed from the upper part of the cubicle. Furthermore, there is a volt-free contact (G3-G4) which is simultaneously activated with the relay trip. This enables to use conventional current injection equipment for testing the protection relays. The functionality of the terminal block G for connecting the user is described below Terminals Name Functions Normal Use G1-G2 G3-G4 G5-G6 G7- -G12 V.AUX TRIP EXT.TRIP IP1,IP2, Table Functionality of the terminal block G for connecting the user Auxiliary power supply input: 230 Vac for selfpowered units and 24 to 125 Vdc or 24 to 110 Vac for those with auxiliary power supply (10 kv insulated in relation to the rest of the equipment, in self powered models). This is an NO, volt-free contact which is activated when the protection device is tripped. It also works in self powered mode. It must be connected to an NO, volt-free contact. When it is activated, the protection device trips if an overcurrent protection function is enabled. Short-circuitable and disconnectable terminals for secondary current circuits. Relay power supply (TS transformer s LV board, battery, etc.) Protection unit test Trip signal for remotely-controlled installations Transformer thermometer Current injection for secondary relay tests 42 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

43 General Instructions Protection, metering and control models ekor.rpg electrical diagram Figure ekor.rpg electrical diagram For more details, please see electrical diagram No. 996,410, which shows the electrical connections between the different parts of the ekor.rpg unit and the cubicle. Figure Front and rear view 1 ekor.rpg relay configuration interconnection 2 DB-9 Male (relay) 3 DB-9 Female (PC) 4 RS485 communications connection Figure ekor.rpg frontal and rear connection diagram IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 43

44 Protection, metering and control models General Instructions Installation of Toroidal-core current transformers In cgmcosmos-v and cgm.3-v cubicles, the current transformers are installed in the cubicle bushings. Therefore there are no problems with connection errors in the earthing grid. Additionally, these toroidal-core current transformers are equipped with a test connection for conducting maintenance operations. The terminals that can be used with the toroidal-core current transformers mounted in the bushings are as follows: Manufacturer EUROMOLD Current rating [A] 12 kv Type of connector 12 kv crosssection [mm2] 24 kv Type of connector 24 kv crosssection [mm2] 36 kv Type of connector 36 kv crosssection [mm2] TE K-400TE LB K-400LB TB K-400TB M-400TB TB K-440TB M-440TB Table Terminals For other type of terminals [1], the toroidal-core current transformers must be loosened and installed directly on the cables, in accordance with the instructions listed in section Checking and maintenance The ekor.rpg protection, metering and control unit is designed to perform the operating test necessary for both commissioning and regular maintenance checks. Several levels of checks are available depending on the possibility of interrupting service and accessing the MV cubicle cable compartment. To perform this check, the unit must be powered up. Hence more than 5 A must be injected, or it must be connected to 230 Vac for selfpowered relays. As regards those which have auxiliary power supply, feed the voltage through the board s J4 connector. 1. Check through the primary: In this case the tests are performed on the equipment when it is completely shut down, since it involves actuating the circuit-breaker and earthing the cubicle outgoing cables. When current is injected through the toroidal-core current transformers, you must check that the protection opens the circuit-breaker within the selected time. In addition, you must make sure that the tripping indications are correct and that all the events are being recorded in the history log. [4] Consult Ormazabal s technical-commercial department. To perform this check, follow the steps indicated below: a. Open the cubicle s circuit-breaker. Close the earthing switch and then close the circuit-breaker for an effective earthing. b. Access the cable compartment and connect the test cable to the test connector of the toroidal-core current transformers. c. Connect the test cable to the current circuit of the tester. d. Connect terminals G3-G4 to the tester s timer stopper input. e. Open the circuit-breaker. Open the earthing switch and then close the circuit-breaker. To open the circuit-breaker using the protection unit, the earthing switch must be open. f. Inject the test currents and verify the tripping times are correct. Check that the trips are correctly displayed. In order to detect phase trips, the test cable must be connected to the test bars of two toroidal-core current transformers. The current must go through each one in opposite directions. In other words, if the current flows up bottom in one of the test cables, in the other it must flow bottom up so that the sum of the two currents is zero and no earth fault trips occur. For earth trips, the test cable is connected to a single toroidal-core current transformer (zero-sequence or phase toroidal transformer, depending on whether a zero-sequence toroidal is available or not). Trip tests must be performed for all toroidal-core current transformers to check the proper operation of the complete unit. 44 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

45 General Instructions Protection, metering and control models 2. Check through the secondary with circuit-breaker operation: In this case, the tests are performed on the equipment when the cable compartment is not accessible. This occurs because the cubicle outgoing cables are energised and cannot be connected to earth. In this case, the test cable cannot be connected to the test connection in the toroidal-core current transformers and the current injection is performed through the test terminal block. This testing method is also used when the primary current values being tested are much greater than those produced by test equipment (normally greater than 100 A). Figure Checking terminal block f. Connect the test cable to the current circuit of the tester. g. Connect the G3-G4 connector to the tester s timer stopper input. h. If the circuit-breaker can be opened, put it in closed position. If the circuit-breaker cannot be operated, make sure the bistable trigger remains disconnected, and start the check as explained in the following section check without circuit-breaker operation. i. Inject the secondary test currents taking into account that the transformation ratio is 300 / 1 A or 1000 / 1 A, depending on the model. Verify the tripping times are correct. Check that the trips are correctly displayed. 3. Check through the secondary without circuit-breaker operation: In many occasions, the protection cubicle circuitbreaker cannot be operated and therefore, the maintenance checks are performed exclusively on the electronic unit. In theses cases, the following points shall be considered: a. Always disconnect the bistable trigger. This way, the relay can trip without acting upon the opening mechanism. b. Inject the current according to the section above check through the secondary with circuit-breaker operation. c. The toroidal-core current transformers can be verified if the approximate consumption is known. The current that circulates through the G7 (blue), G8 (brown) and G9 (black) secondaries must correspond to the ratio of 300 / 1 A or 1000 / 1 A. d. As regards selfpowered relays, check that the selfpowered transformers provide the operating power needed by the relay, if the primary current is greater than 5 A. To do this, check that the voltage in connector J7 (between points 1 - blue and 2 - brown) is greater than 10 V dc. To perform this check, follow the steps indicated below: a. Access the driving mechanism upper compartment where the checks and test terminal block is located. b. Disconnect the bistable trigger. c. Short-circuit, and then disconnect current circuit terminals G7, G8, G9, G10, G11 and G12. This procedure short-circuits the current transformer secondaries. d. Connect the power supply to the G1-G2 connector: 230 Vac for selfpowered units and 24 to 125 Vdc or 24 to 110 Vac for auxiliary power supply units. e. Connect the test cable to terminals G7 to G12, taking into account the following relation between the connector s points and the phases. Current through L1 G7 and G12. Current through L2 G8 and G12. Current through L3 G9 and G12. Current through L1 and L2 (without earthing current) - G7 and G8. Current through L1 and L3 (without earthing current) - G7 and G9. Current through L2 and L3 (without earthing current) - G8 and G9 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 45

46 Setting and handling menus General Instructions 8. Setting and handling menus 8.1. Keypad and alphanumeric display As can be seen in the image, the ekor.rp protection, metering and control units have a total of 6 keys: SET: gives access to the parameter setting mode. In addition, the key has a confirmation function within the various menus of the parameter setting mode. This function is explained in greater detail in this section. ESC: This key allows the user to return to the main screen ( display ) from any screen without saving changes made to the settings up to this point. Using this key, the unit s trip indications can be reset. Scrolling keys: The up and down arrows enable the user to scroll through the different menus and change values. The right and left arrows allow values in the parameter setting menu to be selected for modification, as detailed later. Along with the keypad, the relays have an alphanumeric display which makes it easier to use them. To save energy, the relay has a standby mode (display switched off), which starts to operate any time the relay does not receive an external signal for 1 minute (pressing of any key, except the SET key, or communication via RS-232), or for 2 minutes if the user is modifying the parameters in the parameter setting mode. Likewise, if either type of external signal is received (pressing of the ESC, arrow up, down, left or right keys; or communication via RS-232) the relay will exit the standby mode and return to its active status, as long as the relay remains powered. Figure 8.1. ekor.rp protection, metering and control units Figure 8.2. SET key Figure 8.3. ESC key Figure 8.4. Scrolling keys 46 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

47 General Instructions Setting and handling menus 8.2. Display The Display mode is the normal mode of the relay when in operation. Its main function is to allow the user to view various unit parameters which can be summarised in 4 groups: 1. Current metering 2. Viewing the setting values 3. Values of the last and penultimate trip 4. Current date and time The display mode is shown by default in the relay, both when it is switched on and when it returns from its standby status, or when pressing the ESC key from any screen. In this operating mode, the up and down keys are enabled so that the user can scroll through the various parameters in the display mode. The SET key gives access to the parameter setting mode. The following figure shows an example of several display mode screens for the ekor.rp units. Figure 8.5. Current date and time The screens shown in the relay display consist of two data lines. The first indicates the parameter for the specific screen; the second establishes the value of this parameter. Additionally, error codes can be indicated in both the display screen and the two data lines (refer to section 8.5: Error codes ). These indications are displayed with the other indications. Figure 8.6. Screen display mode IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 47

48 Setting and handling menus General Instructions A table with the display mode parameters sequence is shown below. This table includes the text that appears on the first line of the relay display, along with an explanation of the corresponding parameter. Parámetro Significado I1. A Phase 1 current metering I2. A Phase 2 current metering I3. A Phase 3 current metering I 0. A Zero-sequence current metering I> Phase curve type (NI, VI, EI, DT, disabled) I 0> Zero-sequence curve type (NI, VI, EI, DT, disabled) I>> Instantaneous phase unit enabled/disabled I 0>> Instantaneous zero-sequence unit enabled/disabled I n. A Phase full load current I> Phase overload factor K Constant phase multiplier I>> Phase instantaneous multiplier T>> Phase instantaneous time delay I 0> Earth leakage factor K 0 Constant zero-sequence multiplier I 0>> Zero-sequence instantaneous multiplier T 0>> Zero-sequence instantaneous time delay H2. A Current at last trip H2 Cause of last trip H2.TM Time delay of last trip, from start-up to the trip H2.DT Last trip date H2.YE Last trip year H2.HR Hour and minute of last trip H2.SE Last trip second H1. A Penultimate trip current H1 Penultimate trip cause H1.TM Time delay of the penultimate trip, from start up to the trip H1.DT Penultimate trip date H1.YE Penultimate trip year H1.HR Hour and minute of penultimate trip H1.SE Penultimate trip second DATE Current date YEAR Current year HOUR Current time SEC Current second Table 8.1. Display mode parameter sequence 48 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

49 General Instructions Setting and handling menus 8.3. Parameter setting The parameter setting menu can be accessed from any screen of the display menu by pressing the SET key. The protection remains operational with the initial parameters, until the user returns to the display menu by pressing on the SET key again. When the relay is in the parameter setting menu, the indication SET on the lower middle section of the relay screen allows the user to identify the menu quickly. As a precautionary measure, the parameter setting menu is protected by a password, which is entered each time the user wishes to access this menu. By default, all of the ekor. rp units have the password This password can be modified by the user as explained further on. This menu allows the user to make changes to various relay parameters. These parameters can be grouped as follows: 1. Parameters for the protection and detection functions 2. Date and time 3. Communication parameters 4. Information on the number of trips 5. Password change Figure 8.7. Parameter setting Protection parameters The ekor.rp units include two methods for selecting the setting parameters. manual and automatic. The manual method consists of entering each protection parameter one by one. On the other hand, the automatic method makes the parameter entry easier and quicker for the user. In this method, the user simply enters 2 pieces of data: Installation transformer power (P t ), and line voltage (T r ). From these 2 pieces of data, the relay sets the parameters according to: I n P = t ( T The selected full load current value is achieved by always rounding up the value. r 3) IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 49

50 Setting and handling menus General Instructions The rest of setting values are fixed (see the table below), although the user can change any of the values selected in the program from the manual mode. Phase protection Earth protection Setting Automatic value Setting Automatic value Overload factor 120 % Earth leakage factor 20 % Curve type EI Curve type NI Constant multiplier 0.2 Constant multiplier 0.2 Short-circuit factor 10(*) Short-circuit factor 5 Trip time 0.1(*) Trip time 0.1(*) Tripping enabled DT Tripping enabled DT * For protection using the ekor.rpt-101, 201 or 301 models with A range transformers, the short-circuit factor is 7 and the instantaneous tripping time is 0.4. Table 8.2. Protection parameter Parameter setting menu When accessing the parameter setting menu through the SET key, the relay requests a password. The settings introduction area is accessed once it is verified that the password is correct. At this moment, manual configuration (CONF PAR) or automatic configuration (CONF TRAF) must be selected. You can change from one to the other using the right and left keys. Press the SET key to select the desired option. The diagram on the right graphically explains this process. Once inside any of the two settings entry areas, the user can move from one parameter to another using the up and down keys, the same as in the display mode. Press the ESC or SET key to exit this menu and access the display menu. The ESC key will disregard all setting changes made previously, whereas the SET key will save all data before continuing. Figure 8.8. Parameter setting 50 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

51 General Instructions Setting and handling menus To change a setting, proceed as follows: 1. Display the setting to be changed on the screen. 2. Press the left or right keys. The data will start to flash. 3. Adjust the value required with the up and down keys. If the setting is numeric, the blinking number can be changed with the left or right keys. 4. To exit, press SET (save and exit), or ESC (clear changes and exit). The password can be modified by first entering the current password. The process is explained graphically in the diagram on the right. As shown in this diagram, password modification consists of four steps. Figure 8.9. Setting modification Figure Password modification The two following tables show the protection parameters in the parameter setting menu, along with an explanation of each of them and the values they can have. This information is shown for each of the two setting modes: manual or automatic. IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 51

52 Setting and handling menus General Instructions Parameter Meaning Range I> Phase curve type / unit disabling OFF, NI, VI, EI, DT I 0> Zero-sequence curve type / unit disabling OFF, NI, VI, EI, DT I>> Enabling instantaneous phase unit OFF, DT I 0>> Enabling instantaneous earth unit OFF, DT I n. A Phase full load current 192 A for ekor.rpx - x A for ekor.rpx - x02 I> Phase overload factor K Constant phase multiplier I>> Phase instantaneous multiplier 1 25 T>> Phase instantaneous time delay **I 0> Earth leakage factor K 0 Constant zero-sequence multiplier I 0>> Zero-sequence instantaneous multiplier 1 25 T 0>> Zero-sequence instantaneous time delay 0,05 2,5 DATE Modify current day (day and month) 1-31 / 1-12 YEAR Modify the current year HOUR Modify the current time 00: 00-23: 59 SEC. Modify the current second 0-59 *NPER Peripheral number 0 31 *PROT Protocol number 0000 [5] MODBUS-0001 *BAUD Transmission speed (kbps) 1.2; 2.4; 4.8; 9.6; 19.2; 38.4 *PARI Parity No, even, odd *LEN Word length 7; 8 *STOP Stop bits 1; 2 DT.AD Day and month on which the last setting was made Cannot be changed YE.AD Year in which the last setting was made Cannot be changed HR.AD Time at which the last setting was made Cannot be changed SE.AD Second at which the last setting was made Cannot be changed NTP Number of phase trips Cannot be changed NTG Number of earth trips Cannot be changed *V.0 Firmware version Cannot be changed PSWU Password modification * Only available for firmware version 18 or later. ** In the case of zero-sequence toroidal transformer, the range is 0.5 A-I n and the parameter is I g. Table 8.3. Manual setting menu [5] ekor.soft communication protocol 52 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

53 General Instructions Setting and handling menus Parameter Meaning Range tp 0W Transformer power (kva) 50; 100; 160; 200; 250; 315; 400; 500; 630; 800; 1000; 1250; 1600; 2000 Tvol Line voltage (kv) 6,6; 10; 12; 13,2; 15; 20; 25; 30 DATE Current day and month 1 31 / 1-12 YEAR Current year HOUR Current time 00: 00 23: 59 SEC. Current second 0-59 *NPER Peripheral number 0-31 *PROT Protocol number 0000 [6] (MODBUS) *BAUD Transmission speed (kbps) 1.2; 2.4; 4.8; 9.6; 19.2; 38.4 *PARI Parity No, even, odd *LEN Word length 7, 8 *STOP Stop bits 1, 2 DT.AD Day and month on which the last setting was made Cannot be changed YE.AD Year in which the last setting was made Cannot be changed HR.AD Time at which the last setting was made Cannot be changed SE.AD Second at which the last setting was made Cannot be changed NTP Number of phase trips Cannot be changed NTG Number of earth trips Cannot be changed NTE Number of external trips Cannot be changed *V.0 Firmware version Cannot be changed PSWU Password modification * Only available for firmware version 18 or later Table 8.4. Automatic setting menu [6] ekor.soft communication protocol. IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 53

54 Setting and handling menus General Instructions 8.4. Trip recognition Whenever a trip occurs, the relay immediately accesses the Trip recognition menu. This menu can be easily identified because a blinking arrow is located on the upper part of the display, just below the name of the function that has caused the trip. The ekor.rp units signal five possible trip causes using the upper arrow: 1. Phase time-delayed trip I> 2. Phase instantaneous trip I>> 3. Earth time-delayed trip I 0> 4. Earth instantaneous trip I 0>> 5. External trip Ext To quit the trip recognition menu, press the ESC key from any of the menu screens. The relay recognises that the user has checked the trip and then returns to the first screen of the display menu. In any case, the trip data will continue to be available to the user from the display menu until two new trips have occurred. The various screens of the of trip recognition menu provide two types of information. The initial screen shows the current detected at the tripping moment, by phase or earth depending on the tripped unit. Subsequent trip recognition screens display the date and time of the trip, along with the time elapsed from the unit start up to the trip. Figure Trip recognition The following table shows the sequence in which the data appear. As in the rest of the menus, the up and down keys are used to scroll throughout the various data: Parameter I x A I x TM I x DT I x YE I x HR I x SE Meaning Current at the tripping moment Time elapsed from unit start up to the trip Day and month on which the trip occurred Year in which the trip occurred Time at which the trip occurred Second in which the trip occurred Where subscript x depends on the cause of the trip: e1 f, e2 f, e3 f or e0 f, for phase 1, phase 2, phase 3 or zero-sequence, respectively. Table 8.5. Appearance of data sequence 8.5. Error codes The ekor.rp units have a series of error codes used to warn the user regarding the different anomalies that may occur in the system. The different error codes are identified by a number, just as shown in the figure on the right. The following error codes may be displayed on the ekor.rp unitsp: Code shown on the display ER 01 ER 03 Meaning 230 V ca in the external trip input (this input is to be connected to a volt-free contact) Error when opening switch Table 8.6. Error codes Figure Error display 54 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

55 General Instructions Setting and handling menus 8.6. Menu map (quick access) The menu map is a summary table that indicates all the submenus for the ekor.rp units, as well as a brief explanation of each one. Figure Menu map (1) IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 55

56 Setting and handling menus General Instructions Figure Menu map (2) 56 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

57 General Instructions Setting and handling menus The on-screen representation of the equipment for last and penultimate trips is detailed below: Fault history log Hn Last trip (n = 2). Penultimate trip (n = 1) Hn A amp. Current at the moment of tripping (A = amps) Hn F x y Reason for tripping: X = Trip at phase 1 (R), 2 (S), 3 (T), or (neutral), trip external (ext.) Y = Trip. time delayed (>) or instantaneous (>>) Hn TM time Time elapsed from unit start up to the trip (msg.) Hn DT date Day and month on which the trip occurred Hn YE year Year in which the trip occurred Hn HR time Time at which the trip occurred Hn SE sec. Second in which the trip occurred Table 8.7. Fault history Figure View of last and penultimate trips on the menu map IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 57

58 MODBUS protocol for ekor.rp range units General Instructions 9. MODBUS protocol for ekor.rp range units The two communication ports of the relay use the same protocol: MODBUS in RTU transmission mode (binary). The main advantage of this mode over the ASCII mode is that the information is packed tighter, allowing a higher data transmission rate at the same communication speed. Each message must be transmitted as a continuous string, as the silences are used to detect the end of the message. The minimum duration of the silence is 3.5 characters. Start Address Function Data CRC End Silence 8 bits 8 bits n x 8 bits 16 bits Silence Table 9.1. RTU message frame The MODBUS address of the relay (also called peripheral number) is a byte that takes values between 0 and 31. The master addresses the slave, indicating its address in the respective field and the slave answers by indicating its own address. The 0 address is reserved for the broadcast mode so it can be recognised by all slaves. 1 ekor.bus 2 Parametters settings Figure 9.1. MODBUS address 9.1. Read / write functions In principle, only two functions will be implemented, one for reading and another for writing data Data reading Question: Start Address Function Data CRC End Silence SLAD 3 ADDR-H ADDR-L NDATA-H NDATA-L 16 bits Silence Table 9.2. Question Response: Start Address Function No. of bytes Data CRC End Silence SLAD 3 N DATA1-H DATA1-L bits Silence Table 9.3. Response where: SLAD ADDR-H ADDR-L NDATA-H NDATA-L DATA1-H DATA1-L N Slave address High byte of the address for the first register to be read Low byte of the address for the first register to be read High byte of the number of registers to be read Low byte of the number of registers to be read High byte of the first register requested Low byte of the first register requested Total number of data bytes. This will be equal to the number of registers requested, multiplied by 2 58 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

59 General Instructions MODBUS protocol for ekor.rp range units Data writing This makes it possible to write a single register at the address indicated Response: Start Address Function Data CRC End Silence SLAD 6 ADDR-H ADDR-L DATA-H DATA-L 16 bits Silence Table 9.4. Question Response: The normal response is an echo of the query received where: SLAD ADDR-H ADDR-L DATA-H DATA-L Slave address High byte of the address for the register to be written Low byte of the address for the register to be written High byte of the data to be written Low byte of the data to be written Response in case of error Start Address Function Error-Code CRC End Silence SLAD FUNC_ERR CODE_ERROR 16 bits Silence Table 9.5. Response in case of error where: SLAD Slave address FUNC_ERR Code of the function requested, with the most significant bit at 1 CODE_ Code of the error occurred ERROR 1 Error in the number of registers 2 Wrong address 3 Incorrect data 4 Attempt made to read a write-only address 5 Session error 6 EEPROM error 8 Attempt being made to write in a read-only address 9.2. Password-protected register writing The parameters are protected against writing by the user password. A write session of password-protected parameters starts by entering the password in the respective address. The write session ends with the update of registers once the respective password has been transmitted again. If the timeout period has elapsed, the process is aborted and the system returns to normal mode. In normal mode, any attempt to write a protected registration will result in an error code 2. The write session is valid for only one port (the one that entered the password has priority). IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 59

60 MODBUS protocol for ekor.rp range units General Instructions 9.3. CRC generation The cyclical redundancy check (CRC) field contains two bytes that are added to the end of the message. The receiver must re-calculate it and compare it with the received value. Both values must be equal. The CRC is the remainder obtained when dividing the message by a binary polynomial. The receiver must divide all bits received (information plus CRC) by the same polynomial used to calculate the CRC. If the remainder obtained is 0, the information frame is deemed correct. The polynomial used will be: X 15 +X Register map Field Address Contents I n 0x0000 from 5 to 100 if RATED_I = 0 from 15 to 630 if RATED_I = 1 CURVE_PHASE CURVE_ ZERO-SEQ 0x0001 0: OFF; 1: NI; 2: VI; 3:EI; 4: DT PHASE_INST ZERO-SEQ_INST 0x0002 0: OFF, 1: DT PHASE_INST_OVERLOAD (I>) 0x0003 0: 100 %; 1: 101 %; 2: 102 %,... 30: 130 % ZERO-SEQ_CURRENT (Io >) 0x0004 Vector_sum 0: 10 %; 1: 11 %; 80 % K K o 0x0005 0: 0.05; 1: 0.06; :1.6 PHASE_INST_OCCUR ZERO-SEQ_INST_OCCUR 0x0006 0: 3; 1: 4; 17: 20 0-sequence_toroidal 0: 0.1; 1 :0.2; 2: 1.5 A I n PHASE_INST_TIME ZERO-SEQ_INST_TIME 0x ms, 1 60 ms 2, 70 ms, 3 80 ms 4 90 ms, ms, ms...2,5 s PHASE_TRIP_COUNTER 0x0008 from 0000 to 9999 EARTH_TRIP_COUNTER 0x0009 from 0000 to 9999 EXTERNAL_TRIP_COUNTER 0x000a from 0000 to 9999 USER_PASSWORD 0x000b from 0000 to 9999 ZERO-SEQ_CURRENT (I o>) Table 9.6. User settings: user password-protected writing 0x000c Vector_sum 0: 10 %; 1: 11 %; 80% 0-sequence_toroidal 0: 0.1; 1: 0.2; 2: 0.3 A I n 60 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

61 General Instructions MODBUS protocol for ekor.rp range units User setting date Tripping history log Field Address Contents YEAR 0x0200 MONTH DAY 0x0201 HOUR MINUTE 0x0202 RTC format 00 SECONDS 0x0203 PENULT_TRIP LAST_TRIP 0x0208 Bit Contents 0 Trip by phase 1 1: L1, 2: L2, 3: L3 2 Zero-sequence trip 3 NOT USED 4 External trip 5 Cause of the phase trip 0: overload, 1: short-circuit 6 Cause of the zero-sequence trip. 0: overload, 1: short-circuit 7 Double tripping PHASE_LAST_TRIP_VALUE 0x0209 0x020a Current in hundredths of an A ZERO-SEQ_LAST_TRIP_VALUE 0x020b 0x020c Current in hundredths of an A PHASE_LAST_TRIP_TIME 0x020d Time in hundredths of a s ZERO-SEQ_LAST_TRIP_TIME 0x020e Time in hundredths of a s YEAR 0x020f MONTH DAY 0x0210 HOUR MINUTE 0x0211 RTC format 00 SECONDS 0x0212 PHASE_PENULT_TRIP_VALUE 0x0213 Current in hundredths of an A Current metering 0x0215 Current in hundredths of an A ZERO-SEQ_PENULT_TRIP_VALUE 0x0216 PHASE_PENULT_TRIP_TIME 0x0217 Time in hundredths of a s ZERO-SEQ_PENULT_TRIP_TIME 0x0218 Time in hundredths of a s YEAR 0x0219 MONTH DAY 0x021a HOUR MINUTE 0x021b RTC format 00 SECONDS 0x021c Phase current L1 0X021d 0X021e Hundredths of on A Phase current L2 0X021f 0X0220 Hundredths of on A Phase current L3 0X0221 0X0222 Hundredths of on A Zero-sequence current 0X0223 0X0224 Hundredths of on A Inputs 0x0225 Bit 0: Input 1, bit 1: Input 2, etc. Software version functions 0x0226 from 0 to 99 from A to Z Table 9.7. History logs; measurements; inputs / outputs; soft version: read only IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 61

62 MODBUS protocol for ekor.rp range units General Instructions Table 9.8. Clock Field Address Contents YEAR 0x0300 from 2000 to 2059 MONTH DAY 0x0301 from 1 to 12 from 1 to 31 HOUR MINUTE 0x0302 from 0 to 23 from 0 to SECONDS 0x from 0 to 59 Table 9.9. Password keys: writing only Campo Dirección Contenido USER PASSWORD KEY 0x0500 from 0 to IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

63 General Instructions Annex A 10. Annex A Brief guide for commissioning the ekor.rpg unit in cgmcosmos-v & cgm.3-v The following steps must be followed for correct commissioning: Verify the power to be protected Line voltage [kv] cgmcosmos/cgm.3 Systems ekor.rpg with A transformers ekor.rpg with A transformers Min P [kva] [kva] Max P [kva] 6, , (1 ) (1) (1) for cgm.3 system cubicles only Table cgmcosmos/cgm.3 Systems Toroidal-core current transformers already installed 1 Bushing 2 Test flatbar Protection and power supply toroidal-core current transformers 3 (already installed) Figure Toroidal-core current transformers already installed IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 63

64 Annex A General Instructions Connect the HV terminals 1 Connected terminals (shielded). For non-shielded or plug-in terminals the current transformers (CT) must be installed on the cable 1 Connect braid to earth collector Figure Earth collector Figure Connected terminals External connections 1. Remove the terminal box cover. 2. Connect to terminal block: a. G1 - G2: 230 V ac or 48V dc (depending on model A or B) b. G5 - G6: external trip (thermostat) Figure Terminal box Figure Connect to terminal block 64 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

65 General Instructions Annex A Set relay 1. Automatic mode: Installation kv and kva 2. Manual mode: Parameters: I>, I 0>, I>>,... Phase setting Type of neutral Earth setting Solid or impedant Isolated or resonant Curve EI Curve NI NI Instantaneous TD Instantaneous TD TD I> 1.2 Io> / Ig = 2 A(*) K 0.2 Ko I>> 10 Io>> 5 5 T>> 0.1 To>> (*) In case a zero-sequence toroidal transformer is used Table Table of settings Figure Relay Trip test with current 1. Remove earthing switch and close the switch. 2. Remove 230 Vac (G1 - G2) to check that the selfpower supply is operating (except B models). 3. Inject test current: -- In two phase trip flatbars -- In one earth trip flatbar 4. Repeat for I1, I2 and I3. Figure Trip test with current IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 65

66 Annex A General Instructions External trip test 1. Short-circuit the G5 and G6 2. Check trip and indication EXT Figure Bornas cortocircuitables Figure Indication EXT Commissioning: 1. Check I 1 I 2 I 3 2. Check I Check 230 V ca connection (if available) What to do in the event of Error Reason Possible causes Error 01 Incorrectly connected thermometer Thermometer connected to 230 V (with potential-free contact) Error 03 I0 0 I1 I2 I3 I123 > 5 A and led On switched off Relay trip in I0>> when closing switch Relay trip in I>> when closing switch Relay will not communicate Table Error Switch Error Grid fault incorrectly connected or secondary circuit disconnected Unbalance Selfpowered Time T0 >> insufficient I >> insufficient Fault in communication Switch mechanical blocking Relay trip wiring error Auxiliary contact error Check that the grid and the secondary circuits are not incorrectly connected Incorrect toroidal-core current transformer connection Check secondary circuits Incorrectly connected toroidal-core current transformer Incorrectly connected relay wiring Real fault present. Check if T0 >> sufficient, taking into account toroidal vector sum error Real fault present Check parameter I >>, taking into account transformer current peak (10 times In ) Incorrect communication cable connections Relay in energy-saving mode. Press a button of relay Incorrect configuration of communication parameters 66 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

67 General Instructions Annex A The menu map is a summary table that indicates all the submenus for the ekor.rp units, as well as a brief explanation of each one.. Figure Menu map (1) IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 67

68 Annex A General Instructions Figure Menu map (2) 68 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

69 General Instructions Annex B 11. Annex B Brief guide for commissioning the ekor.rpg unit in cgmcosmos-v & cgm.3-p The following steps must be followed for correct commissioning: Verify the power to be protected Line voltage [kv] Fuse rated voltage [kv] cgmcosmos System Minimum transformer power Maximum transformer power Fuse rating [A] [kva] Fuse rating [A] [kva] / (1) / (1) / / (2) / (1) 442 mm cartridge (2) 125 A SIBA SSK fuse Table cgmcosmos System Line voltage [kv] Fuse rated voltage [kv] cgm.3 System Minimum transformer power Maximum transformer power Fuse rating [A] [kva] Fuse rating [A] [kva] / (1) / / / / / (2) / (2) 2500 (1) 442 mm cartridge (2) SIBA SSK fuse (check) Table cgm.3 System IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 69

70 Annex B General Instructions Toroidal-core current transformers Installed on cables. If the earthing grid originates from: - underneath the toroidal-core current transformer: do not pass the grid through it. - above the toroidal-core current transformer: pass the grid through it. Make sure that the screen does not touch any metal part before connecting it to the cubicle earth collector. 1 Power supply board 2 Earthing grids 3 Protection and power supply toroidal-core current transformers 4 Cables Figure Toroidal Connect the HV terminals 1 Connected terminals (shielded). For non-shielded or plug-in terminals the current transformers (CT) must be installed on the cable. 1 Connect braid to earth collector Figure Earth collector Figure Connected terminals 70 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

71 General Instructions Annex B External connections 1. Remove the control box cover. 2. Connect to the power supply board: c. J1: external trip (thermostat) d. J4: 230 V ac or 48 V dc (depending on model A or B) Figure Connect to the power supply board Figure Control box IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 71

72 Annex B General Instructions Set relay 1. Automatic mode: Installation kv and kva 2. Manual mode: Parameters: I>, I 0>, I>> I S (U Phase setting Curve Instantaneous I> K I>> T>> N = EI TD N 3) Table Table of Phase setting Earth setting Type of neutral Curve Instantaneous I o > K o I o >> T o >> Solid or impedant NI TD Isolated or resonant NI TD * In case a zero-sequence toroidal transformer is used. Table Table of Earth setting Figure Relay 72 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

73 General Instructions Annex B Trip test with current 1. Remove earthing switch and close the switch 2. Remove 230 V ac (J4) to check that the selfpower supply is operating (except B models). 3. Inject test current: -- Insert the cable in two toroidal-core current transformers for phase tripping -- Insert the cable in one toroidal-core current transformer for earth tripping 4. Repeat for I 1, I 2 and I 3.. Figure Trip test with current External trip test 1. Short-circuit the J1 2. Check trip and indication EXT Figure Connect to the power supply board Figure Indication EXT IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 73

74 Annex B General Instructions Commissioning 1. Check I 1 I 2 I 3 2. Check I Check 230 V ca connection (if available) What to do in the event of Error 01 Error 03 I 0 0 I 1 I 2 I 3 I 123 > 5 A and led On switched off Relay trip in I0>> when closing switch Relay trip in I>> when closing switch Error Reason Possible causes Relay will not communicate Table Error Incorrectly connected thermometer Switch error Grid fault incorrectly connected or secondary circuit disconnected Unbalance Self powered Time T0 >> insufficient I >> insufficient Fault in communication Thermometer connected to 230 V (with potential-free contact) Switch mechanical blocking Relay trip wiring error Auxiliary contact error Check that the grid and the secondary circuits are not incorrectly connected Incorrect toroidal-core current transformer connection Check secondary circuits Incorrectly connected toroidal-core current transformer Incorrectly connected relay wiring Real fault present Check if T 0 >> sufficient, taking into account toroidal vector sum error Real fault present Check parameter I >>, taking into account transformer current peak (10 times I n ) Incorrect communication cable connections Relay in energy-saving mode. Press a button of relay Incorrect configuration of communication parameters 74 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16

75 General Instructions Annex B The menu map is a summary table that indicates all the submenus for the 5.rp units, as well as a brief explanation of each one. Figure Menu map (1) IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16 75

76 Annex B General Instructions Figure Menu map (2) 76 IG-159-EN version 08; 15/07/16