Projects. Reverse polish calculator. Wireless terminal. 3213: Digital Systems & Microprocessors: L#15

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "Projects. Reverse polish calculator. Wireless terminal. 3213: Digital Systems & Microprocessors: L#15"

Chastity Owens
5 years ago
Views:

1 Projects Reverse polish calculator Wireless terminal

2 Reverse Polish Calculator Reverse polish Lukasiewicz (1920) Hewlet-Packard HP-35 (1972) 15 digit display 10 digit mantissa plus sign, decimal pt, two digit exponent plus sign. (mantissa=signficand E-13) Bit serial 56 bit, 14 digit BCD Dec: BCD:

4 Reverse Polish Calculations

5 Stack Operations 4 ENTER 2 ENTER 5 + ENTER 1 ENTER 2 ENTER 3 + /

6 Stack Operations

8 HP35 Calculations

9 Stack... clk) begin if(stacken) begin if(push) begin q0<=stackin; q1<=q0; q2<=q1; q3<=q2; end else if(pop) StackOut<=q0; q0<=q1; q1<=q2; q2<=q3; end end else if(clrstk) begin q0<=16'h0; q1<=16'h0; q2<=16'h0; q3<=16'h0; end else... end

10 Levels Integer add/subtract Fixed point add/subtract/multiply/divide Floating point add/subtract/multiply/divide Scientific notation

13 Keypad only

14 ALU and Numbers ALU is main focus of the project so get to level I RTL early Floating point Binary Coded Decimal Some resources on line...

15 RTL

16 Examples (Student1)

17 Examples (Student3)

18 Examples (Student2)

19 Examples (Student3)

20 Examples (Student3)

21 Examples (Student1)

22 What you need to observe.. Describe the core details with reference to VERILOG. Report length too short for excessive details You may use appendices for details For hardware testing your calculator must follow the specification document The keyboard must obey the PS protocol The reverse polish convention you use must function in the same manner as the HP algorithm the hardware test will follow the notation as I defined it VIZ: ENTER pushes the stack.

23 Wireless Terminal

24 CDMA transmitter

25 CDMA transmitter

26 Implementation of DSSS Usually use a shift register to implement long codes but in this project the Barker is defined as [+1,+1,+1, 1, 1, 1,+1, 1, 1,+1, 1] Autocorrelation Σ b(n+m)b*(m) = δ(0) Make sure you do the maths correctly so that the autocorrelation works

27 Tapped delay line filter

28 Tapped delay line filter

29 CDMA receiver

30 Project levels. Level 1: Keyboard and VGA interfaces no wireless signal processing Level 2: Wireless transmitter and wireless receiver Level 3: Combine levels 1 and 2 Level 4: Full rake

31 RTL Design Example: A Morse Code Translator 3213: Digital Systems & Microprocessors: L#14_15

32 MU0 Controller (autonomous) 3213: Digital Systems & Microprocessors: L#14_15

33 Morse Code Transmits telegraphic information using rhythm. Morse code uses a standardized sequence of short and long elements (dots and dashes) to represent information. Originally invented by Samuel F. B. Morse's (April 27, 1791 April 2, 1872) for his electric telegraph in the early 1840s, Morse code was also extensively used for early radio communication beginning in the 1890s. Variable length of the Morse characters made it hard to adapt to automated circuits. Morse code mostly used now by amateur radio operators, although it is no longer a requirement for licensing in many countries. 3213: Digital Systems & Microprocessors: L#14_15

34 Morse Code Morse code is transmitted using just two states (on and off) so it was an early form of a digital code. Visualize any Morse code sequence as a combination of the following five elements (quinary): 1. short mark, dot or 'dit' ( ) 1 2. longer mark, dash or 'dah' ( ) intra-character gap (between the dots and dashes within a character) 0 4. short gap (between letters) medium gap (between words) : Digital Systems & Microprocessors: L#14_15

35 A Morse Code MO RSE C O DE 3213: Digital Systems & Microprocessors: L#14_15

36 Pegasus Implementation? Use three push buttons 3213: Digital Systems & Microprocessors: L#14_15

37 Design Concept Morse code not amenable to digital implementation due to its syncopated asynchronous human element -> Make it amenable by assigning PEGASUS push buttons to the dots, dashes and spaces. -> Breaks rules by making Morse code a ternary (actually quaternary) as opposed to a quinary code.- dot, dash, space is all we need! PB0 PB1 PB2 DOT DASH SPACE Not so useless after all could use for texting? 3213: Digital Systems & Microprocessors: L#14_15

38 Design Concept Let PEGASUS push buttons (PBs) do dot, dash, space. We do not need inter-dit-dah space. Need a separate interface (ButtonIface.v) to convert PB inputs to some for RTL system. Issues debounce the Pbs a must, need to sync outputs DOT, DASH, SPACE, NULL work a bit like KEY/NOKEY in RP document. Will not treat the display driver (leave this to HLAB3) 3213: Digital Systems & Microprocessors: L#14_15

39 Data Path Design Data path has two modules Register KeyHoldReg.v registers DOTS and DASHES Register Morse2Char.v outputs an alphanumeric character for each Morse code sequence A Look Up Table (LUT) to store characters given DOTS and DASHES incorporate this into Morse2Char.v (cut corner) Always control these by binary controls from FSM 3213: Digital Systems & Microprocessors: L#14_15

40 ButtonIface.v 3213: Digital Systems & Microprocessors: L#14_15

41 KeyHoldReg.v clk) begin if(rst) begin morse <= 16'hffff; end else if(inc) begin morse <= {morse[13:2], beeps[1], beeps[0], 1'b0, 1'b0} end else morse <= morse; end 3213: Digital Systems & Microprocessors: L#14_15

42 Morse Functional Description Inputs: Outputs: Beeps = {DOT, DASH, SPACE, NULL} Rst, Inc, Chen 3213: Digital Systems & Microprocessors: L#14_15

43 Controller State Diagram 3213: Digital Systems & Microprocessors: L#14_15

44 Controller State Transition Table 3213: Digital Systems & Microprocessors: L#14_15

45 RTL diagram? 3213: Digital Systems & Microprocessors: L#14_15

46 Output: print S.O.S 3213: Digital Systems & Microprocessors: L#14_15

Course Summary. 3213: Digital Systems & Microprocessors: L#14_15

Course Summary. 3213: Digital Systems & Microprocessors: L#14_15 Course Summary 1. Course overview 2. Intro to PICOBLAZE, C and Number systems and Boolean Algebra 3. Course overview with microprocessor MU0 (I) 4. Course overview with microprocessor MU0 (II) 5. Verilog