Activities in Electronics Lab Associates are: Mrs. Arti Gupta, K.S.Golda, S.Muralithar & Dr.R.K.Bhowmik
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1 Activities in Electronics Lab Associates are: Mrs. Arti Gupta, K.S.Golda, S.Muralithar & Dr.R.K.Bhowmik Nuclear Electronics (INGA, NAND)
2 Pulse Shape Discriminator Electronics for NAND National Array of Neutron Detectors (NAND) * A large array of Neutron detectors at IUAC in BH-II * The array consists ~ 30 Organic liquid scintillators (5''x5 ) NE213 and BC501 * Detectors sourced from different institutions in the country * PMT: XP-4512M (Philips)
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4 Electronics Requirement for NAND Front end Signal Processing Circuits required are From Dynode Signal Pulse height or Energy of neutron, gamma radiations : Calibration purposes From Anode Signal Timing for Time of Flight Pulse Shape Information for Pulse Shape Analysis (PSA) or PSD To segregate neutron and gamma events based on the Anode Pulse Shape
5 Pulse Shape Analysis or PSD * To identify the type of radiation (gamma & neutron) *Scintillation (liquids) detector response differ for gamma & neutron by t rise, t fall, width (ie. Shape) * Arrangement of these pulses in same group PSA or PSD Pulse Shape Discrimination Types Zero-Crossover method : Implemented Charge comparison methods - Poor dynamic range, less complex electronics. Pattern recognition method: To be developed for real time applications
6 Zero Cross Method* * Large Dynamic range & Requires conventional Timing electronics * Incorporates TOF measurements simultaneously Differentiation- Bipolar & Zero cross over Pulses Different t fall pulses cross ZERO different times Optimum Pulse shape ~300nS τs Generate STOP for TAC TIME Reference: CF Discriminator for START/GATE generation TAC: Linear Spectrum corresponding to gamma & neutron Evaluation of Performances of PSD Figure of merit (M): Peak Separation & Sum of FWHM of peaks separated * Alexander & Goulding et al:nim (13) FWHM for Time of Flight
7 PSD Electronics Module for NAND Single Width NIM Module contains 2 Independent Channels of Electronics. Includes... Dynode - CS PreAmplifier, Shaping Amplifier (Daughter card) Anode - Signal Splitter, Signal Attenuator Constant Fraction Discriminator (x0.2, 5nS Delay) BLOCKING CFD, TOF, TAC- START, STOP PSD Amplifier, PSD Zero Cross Amplifier GATE & Delay Generators for TAC Range: 100nS (Cardioid) Reference & Control voltages for LLTH, PSD, Amplifier GAIN controls.
8 Circuit blocks inside the Module for 1 Channel
9 Shaping Amplifier for Dynode * Low noise Shaping amplifier_ <5 KeVGe (FWHM) * 2nd Order Active Filter used *Gain: Coarse:3 Settings, Fine:Remotely adjustable * Bipolar Shape obtained to avoid BLR, 1uS * Required for generating 2D Spectrum * Calibration
10 Constant Fraction Timing * STROBE Generation for PSD * High performance CFD with F: x0.2, Delay: 5nS * Blocking 1.5uS to reduce multiple Trigger * Generates TAC_START/RST of width 2uS * Ultra Stable LLTH with ~25 ppm reference supply * LLTH: 10KeVee to 250KeVee (-12mV to -250mV)
11 Optimisation of PSAmplifier design * 4 Pole filter network for Optimum Slope during Zero cross FOM = ( Tγ T η ) * Slope * ( Tγ T η ) is less than 100nS
12 Pulse Shape Discriminator * High Dynamic range Amplifier upto10v. * Low Noise, High Slew rate Device Used. * Bipolar Shaping of ~ 300nS Selected. * Protected against NOISE pick-up * Ultra fast Comparator for (STOP) Logic generation.
13 TIME TO ANALOG CONVERTER * A BEL HMChip used * Ranges: 100nS/ in 0-5V>>> 0-10V with Buffer * Stand alone TAC module with F/NIM Inputs * Resolution : 50pS * Stability : 120 ps to 30pS ( 3 to 24 Hrs.) * Best low cost solution. *Thanks to BARC, BEL
14 Gate & Delay Generation * Involves ECL Fast Monostable Multi vibrators * Presently utilises ONSEMI MC10198P * Operated at optimum charging current * Equivalent circuit under development to replace Obsolete part.
15 Test Set-up for Performances The Set-up prepared to evaluate following performances of both Commercial, IUAC made modules. * Neutron Detectors, Cf-252 Strong source used * Plastic Detector, Cs-137 used for TOF test results *4K Philips ADC, Freedom as DAS * Various Energy gates * Timing Performances
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17 Performance Results: FOM (IUAC) The n-γ Discrimination spectra for various Energy gates set.
18 Performance Results: FOM (COMM) The n-γ Discrimination spectra for various Energy gates set.
19 Time of Flight TOF (IUAC-COMM) The performance for timing tested with γ radiation source Co-60. * FWHM : 1.2 ns PSD: FWHM : 2.18nS
20 LLTH: 110KeVee, Neutron detectors, Cf-252
21 Result from NAND with Beam (Si +Ta)
22 Comparison of Results The Performances of PSD electronics compared with - Other PSD Electronics used FOM Eee Neutron Wall IUAC 50KeV 110KeV 240KeV 300 KeV 500 KeV 1MeV ** ** DEMON* Comm ** ** * Demon: Charge Coparison method used **
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26 Development & Production Plans. * So far 3 Prototypes have been developed and Problems are being rectified. * Plan to make additional 20 Channels Yr * Oral Presentation in DAE-2006 Future Nuclear Electronics CsI + Photodiode- Electronics Development General Purpose Modules...
27 Acknowledgement Sincere Thanks to all those individuals and firms participated in the successful implementation of these projects Thanks to the Organisers of this symposium for giving this opportunity
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