Mm- Wave Propaga-on: Fundamentals and Models

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1 Mm- Wave Propaga-on: Fundamentals and Models Hajime Suzuki 7 April 2014 CSIRO Computa-onal Informa-cs

2 CSIRO Radio Physics Laboratory Advanced Wireless Broadband Communica:ons in Rural Areas Page 2

3 Coded OFDM Wireless LAN Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 3

4 CSIRO s WLAN Testbed Carrier: 2.4 GHz, 5.2 GHz, 40 GHz Bandwidth: 125 MHz Time resolu:on: 8 ns raw, 16 ns aper filtering. BER / FER measurement Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 4

5 CSIRO s WLAN Testbed Carrier: 2.4 GHz, 5.2 GHz, 40 GHz Bandwidth: 125 MHz Time resolu:on: 8 ns raw, 16 ns aper filtering. BER / FER measurement Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 5

6 Mul-gigabit mm- Wave PtoP System Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 6

7 Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 7

8 mm- Wave Frequency 3kHz 30kHz 300kHz 3MHz 30MHz 300MHz 3GHz 30GHz 300GHz 3THz 30THz 300THz VLF LF MF HF VHF UHF SHF EHF Infrared UV 100km 10km 1km 100m 10m 1m 100mm 10mm 1mm 100µm 10µm 1µm 100nm Wavelength mm-wave Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 8

9 How to Generate Electromagne-c Wave Half wavelength, e.g. 5 mm at 30 GHz Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 9

10 Half- Wave Dipole Radia-on Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 10

11 Friis Transmission Formula P r = PG G t t r 4 λ π d 2 P r P t G G t r : Received power (W) : Transmitted power (W) :Transmitter antenna gain : Receiver antenna gain λ : Wavelength (m) d : Distance (m) Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 11

12 Friis Transmission Formula P r [dbm] = P[dBm] + G t t [dbi] + G [dbi] ( log f [MHz] + 20 log [km]) r d P [dbm] = r P[dBm] + G t t [dbi] + G [dbi] ( log f [GHz] + 20 log [m]) r d Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 12

13 Half- Wave Dipole Radia-on Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 13

14 Ver-cally Polarized Wave Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 14

15 Horizontally Polarized Wave Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 15

16 Linearly Polarized Wave Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 16

17 Circularly Polarized Wave Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 17

18 Reflec-on and Refrac-on ε, σ 1 µ 1, 1 θ1 θ1 ε = 1µ 1 sinθ1 ε 2µ 2 sin θ 2 ε, σ 2 µ 2, 2 θ 2 Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 18

19 Electrical Proper-es of Material ε ʹ = a ( f [GHz]) b σ = c( f [GHz]) d [S/m] r ITU-R P.2040 Effects of building materials and structures on radiowave propagation above about 100 MHz Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 19

20 Reflec-on and Transmission Coefficients ITU-R P.2040 Glass 30 GHz Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 20

21 Reflec-on and Refrac-on Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 21

22 Standing Wave Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 22

23 Total Reflec-on Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 23

24 Reflec-on of Parabola Antenna Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 24

25 Mul-path Tx Rx Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 25

26 Mul-path Tx Rx Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 26

27 Mul-path Amplitude Time Impulse response h α k N = k k = 1 j k ( τ) α e φ δ ( τ τ ) : Amplitude of kth component φ : Phase shift of kth component k τ : Time delay of kth component k N : Number of signal components k Magnitude (db) N ( f ) = H k= 1 α e k jφ k e j2πfτ k Frequency Frequency Response Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 27

28 Mul-path Tx Rx Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 28

29 Mul-path Magnitude (db) Phase (deg) Frequency (GHz) Frequency (GHz) 0 Magnitude (db) Time (ns) Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 29

30 Diffrac-on Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 30

31 Diffrac-on Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 31

32 ScaSering Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 32

33 ScaSering Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 33

34 ASenua-on Due to Atmospheric Gases ITU-R P Line-by-line calculation Pressure: 1013 hpa Temperature: 15 C Water-vapor density: 7.5g/m 3 Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 34

35 ASenua-on Due to Atmospheric Gases ITU-R P Path Attenuation Calculation Method Mm- Wave Propaga:on: Fundamentals and Models Page 35

36 Conclusions mmw propagation fundamentals and models covered (especially for terrestrial and indoor communications). mmw propagation issues related to radio astronomy and space communications?

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