Chapter 8 PROJECT 2: ARAN SAMPLER

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1 PROJET 2: ARAN SAMPLER In this chater we ll see how to combine different stitch atterns into a single roject chart. This roject haens to use atterns for cables and twists, but the method holds for com bining any tyes of atterns across the width of a roject, even if we just want to use the same attern more than once. The finished iece could be used as a hot ad or as a swatch for designing an Aran sweater. We ve looked in our stitch dictionaries (we all have at least one stitch dictionary, right?) and have selected five atterns based on their ictures. ight Hugs and Kisses able We realize just from looking at the ictures that they aear to do their cable crossings at different intervals, with lots of rows between ight and not many at all in. And doesn t really look like a cable at all, with its knit stitches somehow mean dering back and forth across reverse stockinette. Hugs and Kisses able, which looks like a column of Xs and Os, is really tall comared to the other atterns. What a coincidence that these stitch atterns haen to be the ones charted in the revious chater! Ǿ

2 8-2 If we ut all the atterns in one chart, all the difficulties and uncertainties of working simultaneously these five very different atterns will be eliminated. harting on Paer This chater assumes we re charting in the comuter, just because it s so much easier to chart this kind of roject electronically. For those who chart on aer, there are suggestions after the section The hart So Far because they ll make more sense then. As we finish the comuter chart, we ll look at two aer charts, drawn with the otions we exerimented with at the end of the revious chater. For Mirror-Image Knitters All the charts in this chater are shown according to the unwritten assumtion that ublicside rows are worked right to left. After comleting the chart, MIKs may reverse the loca tions of the row numbers if they so desire. However, MIKs must reverse the location they ut the cable needle as they work each crossing, as described in the revious chater. Putting the Pattern harts All Together When we combine these five atterns in a single roject chart, we see just what we exected from looking at the hotos and reading the written-out instructions. The atterns are all dif ferent heights, and the crossing rows vary from attern to attern. The atterns are all in their own columns and show only their ublic-side row numbers to save sace, and the blank columns act as boundaries to show which row numbers belong to which attern. The thick lines remind us that we work the foundation rows of and only one time.2 2 I just made the to border of those table cells thicker. We could also change the table cell s background color, the symbols highlight color, and/or the symbols font color. We have the first two otions on aer as well. May 20 oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe

3 Project 2: Aran Samler 8- kkk kkk kkk Hugs and Kisses kk kk kk kk kk kk 9 kk kk kk kk kk kk Filling U the Project hart Imagine trying to make a samler with this very uneven chart. Two of the four atterns ( and ) need a foundation row, made on the rivate side. That means that for two of our atterns, the first row will be a rivate-side row, but for the other three at terns, the first row is a ublic-side row. So two (or three) of our atterns are off from the get-go. All five atterns cross on their row three, but and cross on every ublic-side row. But we have to remember to not count the foundation rows as row one on and. Hugs and Kisses able crosses only on every other ublic-side row. The bottom line is, this version of the chart doesn t hel at all. What we need is a chart with no gas or blank areas, a chart comletely filled in from left to right and bottom to to. We need a chart that shows us which attern row to do on each roject row, no matter what rows the other atterns haen to be on. How can we make a chart that works for us? Ste : Remove All Foundation Rows As a first ste, let s eliminate the foundation rows of and. (We ll deal with the foundation rows later.) oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe May 20

4 8-4 kkk kkk kkk Hugs and Kisses kk kk kk kk kk kk 9 kk kk kk kk kk kk One thing is clear immediately, even at this oint. Have you noticed that and are now exactly half as tall as? has eight rows, and and both have four rows. And is exactly half as tall as the sixteen rows of Hugs and Kisses able. Ste 2: Start Dulicating Pattern Rows to Fill In the Gas Let s dulicate the rows in and so that three of our atterns have the same number of rows in the chart. (In the next chart, the cells I selected and coied have a thick border.) The dulicated rows of and are shaded for clarity (we can change either the table cells background color or the symbols highlight color), and we ve also coied each attern s ublic-side row numbers, just to hel us kee everything straight. kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk Hugs and Kisses kk kk kk kk kk kk 9 kk kk kk kk kk kk This is better. Granted, the to four rows of and are exactly the same as their bottom four rows, but our goal is having all of our atterns in a roject chart comletely filled u so that it shows us each attern s rows relative to the other atterns rows. May 20 oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe

5 Project 2: Aran Samler 8- Ste : Kee Dulicating to Fill In More Gas Three of the atterns, two of them already with dulicated rows, are now exactly half as tall as Hugs and Kisses able. If we make coies of the rows for those three atterns, then four of the five atterns will have the same number of rows. (Again, the cells I selected and coied have a thick border.) kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk Hugs and Kisses kk kk kk kk kk kk 9 kk kk kk kk kk kk The chart is looking retty good. We are definitely getting somewhere. (And yes, we could have selected,, and the blank column searating them as a single block to coy and aste, instead of doing the two atterns individually.) Now we just have to make some coies of the six-row ight to fill in the last ga in the roject chart. Ste 4: Kee Dulicating ALL Patterns ight has six rows. If we double that to twelve rows, does that match u with the sixteen rows of Hugs and Kisses able? No, it doesn t. Let s add another reeat of the six-row cable. That gives us eighteen rows, which is now bigger than the number of rows we re trying to match u. So what do we do? When the Numbers Don t Work Since we couldn t get any multile of six rows to fit erfectly within sixteen rows, we now need to add another coy of Hugs and Kisses. That means we are trying to match u some multile of the six rows of ight to the thirty-two total rows of the doubled-u Hugs and Kisses. We know right away that no number of grous of the six rows of ight will oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe May 20

6 8-6 fit erfectly into the thirty-two rows of the now-dulicated Hugs and Kisses. Five coies of ight will be only thirty rows tall, which is two rows too short. If we add a sixth coy, we ll be u to thirty-six rows, which is four rows too tall. Add Another oy of the Tallest Pattern, and Try Again So let s add a third coy of Hugs and Kisses. That gives us a total of forty-eight rows in Hugs and Kisses. Ah ha! The six rows of ight will fit exactly eight times into three coies of Hugs and Kisses. And we already had,, and matched u to the original single coy of Hugs and Kisses, so we just kee dulicating those three to match u with the fortyeight rows we now know we need to make the comlete roject chart. The hart So Far Let s ut all the dulicates of all the atterns into the chart, so we can see that we do now have forty-eight total rows, with each attern reeated as many times as necessary until the whole roject chart is comletely filled in, with no gas in any of the atterns. May 20 oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe

7 Project 2: Aran Samler kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk 8- Hugs and Kisses kk kk kk kk kk kk 9 kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk 9 kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk 9 kk kk kk kk kk kk Let s look at this chart and see if it makes sense. ȝ We have three coies of Hugs and Kisses able, which at sixteen rows each gives forty-eight total rows. ȝ We have six coies of, which at eight rows each gives us forty-eight total rows. ȝ Both and are four rows each, so we need twelve coies of them to make forty-eight rows. heck, we have twelve coies of both and. oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe May 20

8 8-8 ȝ And we have eight coies of ight, which at six rows each also matches the forty-eight rows we have of the other atterns. harting on Paer Now that we ve seen what we re trying to achieve when we re combining several atterns in a roject, let s look at some ideas to make the job easier if we re charting on aer. Have Only One Pattern er Piece of Paer Instead of drawing all the atterns on one sheet of grid aer, we ll have more freedom if we ut each attern on its own tall, narrow stri. The minimum width of the stri must nat urally be the number of stitches in the attern. However, while we re still laying around, we might want to have at least the ublic-side row numbers on the stri as well. If we get to the oint where the row numbers are in the way, we could simly cut them off. But we could also fold under the edge of the stri, doing it neatly so we can abut all the attern stris together as closely as ossible. If we re making a roject with horizontal bands of different stitch atterns, then we make short, wide ieces of each attern. If we re doing the knitting equivalent of atchwork quilting, then we ut each attern on its own iece of grid aer cut to the necessary shae. Showing More Than One Reeat If we need to use multile coies of a attern to fill in gas in the roject chart, it might be enough to simlify to some degree how we draw the additional reeats. For examle, instead of drawing any symbols at all in the extra reeats, we could just draw horizontal lines between them (first section at right). If we want to see some indication of the symbols to have a better idea of what the overall roject will look like, then instead of drawing full symbols, we could just draw the single corner-to-corner lines that we saw in the reliminary symbol in the revious chater, either without or with the outer boundary (second and third sections). If those simlified symbols aren t enough for us to really see what the roject will look like, then we can finally take the time to draw the detailed symbols, again without or with their outer boundaries (fourth and fifth sections). May 20 oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe

9 Project 2: Aran Samler 8-9 reate Master Sheets for ommon Stitch Patterns For rojects including areas of simle fabrics, like seed stitch or reverse stockinette, it might be useful to fill an entire sheet of grid aer with the stitch attern, then cut the sheet into whatever size ieces a articular roject haens to need. If we susect might use that stitch attern frequently, then we would save lots of time if we create a grid filled entirely with the attern, then hotocoy it and cut u the coies instead of the original. That way we always have an intact full sheet to hotocoy in the future. One easy way to revent ourselves from cutting u the original by accident is to draw the chart symbols with nearly any color besides black. If we use blue, red, green, or brown to chart the stitch attern, that color will robably hotocoy somewhere between medium gray and black. But before we take the time to fill an entire sheet with a attern, we should make a test coy with various colors. Some colors may only come out as a lighter or darker shade of gray, which we may or may not like. If none of the colors coies as dark as we want, then we draw the symbols with black, but we use a different color of en or encil to label the sheet as the master. For examle, we might use red to write Seed Stitch Master in one corner of the age. When we hotocoy the age, the label will no longer be red so we ll know we re cutting u a coy, not the master. Review: ombining Stitch Patterns Let s review what we did to get to this oint. ȝ We icked stitch atterns we like, not worrying a bit that they didn t have the same number of rows or that some had foundation rows. ȝ We constructed individual charts for each attern, then we ut each one in its own table column/stri of grid aer to start the roject chart. ȝ We removed (temorarily) the foundation rows from the atterns that had them. ȝ We looked at each attern to see if its number of rows was an exact multile of another attern s number of rows. Ȟ was exactly twice as tall as and, and Hugs and Kisses able was exactly twice as tall as. Ȟ If we had had a attern that was twelve rows tall, it would have been exactly twice as tall as ight. ȝ We started dulicating the shortest atterns, adding enough coies so they had the same number of rows as the taller atterns. When we had matched u multiles of the shortest atterns as far as we could, we had to start adding coies of the taller oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe May 20

10 8-0 atterns. We ket dulicating the tallest attern until we could fit comlete coies of all the other atterns exactly into the coies of the tallest attern. Eventually, we had enough coies of each attern to make the total number of rows in each attern be the same. What we had to do was find multiles of each attern s number of rows to match u to different multiles of every other attern s number of rows. In this samle, we had already aired u the four- and eight-row atterns to the sixteen-row attern. So that left us with trying to find some multile of six that was the same as some other multile of sixteen. Eight grous of six gave us the same number of rows as three grous of sixteen. We an Work the Other Direction It may be easier to start with the stitch attern that has the most rows. And yes, we re still ignoring foundation rows that any attern might have. Patience! Our tallest attern is sixteen rows tall. We know instantly that multile coies of the four- and eight-row atterns will fit erfectly in it, because sixteen can be divided by both four and eight without leaving any remainder. We also know immediately that the six-row attern won t, because sixteen divided by six does have a remainder. If we double the tallest attern, that gives thirty-two rows, which still can t be divided evenly by six. When we add a third coy of the tall attern, we have forty-eight rows, and we finally have a number of rows that the six-row attern will fit into without any remainder. Another Examle Sose we ick atterns that are six, ten, fourteen, and twenty-two rows tall (still ignoring any foundation rows). How many rows will the roject chart have, and how many coies of each attern will there be? See the aendix Answers, which has additional information about what to do if the number of roject rows is much bigger than we need. Working on the Small Details Let s make the Aran samler roject chart a bit friendlier. First, let s eliminate the atterns row numbers. Now that we have enough coies of every attern to make a full roject chart with no gas, we need just a single set of roject chart row numbers. Since we ll save some sace by removing the columns of the atterns The total number of rows we need is called the lowest common multile or the least common multile. Search the Internet for either of those terms to find sites where you can enter the number of rows in each attern (don t include the foundation rows, if any atterns have them) and get back the smallest number of rows that those atterns will all fit into evenly. May 20 oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe

11 Project 2: Aran Samler 8- row numbers, we ll be able to include the rivate-side roject row numbers on the chart, though we could always omit those if we need the sace kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk Hugs and Kisses kk 4 kk kk 4 kk 4 kk kk 4 kk 9 kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk 29 kk 2 kk kk 2 kk 2 kk kk 2 kk 9 kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk 9 kk kk kk kk kk kk Now we have a unified chart, with full coies of every attern and comlete with all oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe May 20

12 8-2 roject row numbers. We are also still, at this oint, ignoring the foundation rows of both and. (Hang on! We ll get there.) With each attern in its own column, it s very easy to rearrange and add coies of exist ing atterns without disturbing the rest of the chart. We add a blank column at the roer lace, select the attern s entire column, then either drag it to the blank column or coy and aste it in the blank column. To remove a attern, we select the entire column, then we either ress Backsace or Delete to delete all the symbols to leave a blank column, or we use the aroriate method to remove the column itself from the table. We can add more at terns to the roject by adding new columns where we want the new atterns. Such rearrangement, while ossible with the attern rows on ordinary lines, instead of in a multi-column table, is ossible, but there will be a lot of hair-ulling in the rocess because we can select only a single row of a single attern at a time and drag it to the new osition. 4 If we re charting on aer, we can do essentially the same thing by adding, rearranging, or removing stris that each contain a single attern. Add Little Patterns Projects with cables and twists often have url stitches between the atterns, because they make the atterns really stand out. So let s add two url stitches between the atterns. First, we add two url stitches to the to attern row of one of the blank columns between the atterns. (Project rows one through forty have been deleted to save sace.) Hugs and Kisses kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kk kk kk kk kk kk Now we select the two url stitches and coy them. Then try this exeriment with your word rocessor. Select all the emty table cells below the stitches just coied (which in the full chart would be row forty-seven through row one), and aste. The cells selected have the thick border in the next chart (and again, we d select all the way to row one). 4 Both word rocessors I use have an alternate selection mode that allows me to drag across and select only arts of lines instead of entire lines. See the art four chater More harting Tis. May 20 oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe

13 Project 2: Aran Samler Hugs and Kisses kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kk kk kk kk kk kk Both word rocessors I use aste two url stitches into every selected cell. Does yours? Hugs and Kisses kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kk kk kk kk kk kk If your word rocessor works this way, it will be even easier to make knitting charts. Since we want two url stitches between the other atterns, all we do now is select the entire column of just-created reverse stockinette, which can be done in several ways, coy the column, select each blank column in turn, and aste. If we re charting on aer, we can cut stris from a reverse stockinette master chart. Or, instead of making a master chart filled entirely with url symbols, we might just write Re verse Stockinette along the length of a two-stitch-wide stri. R e v e r s e S t o c k i n e t t e Here s the full chart with the shading removed, since we now have consecutive roject row numbers. The columns of reverse stockinette have all been added as well. oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe May 20

14 kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk Hugs and Kisses kk 4 kk kk 4 kk 4 kk kk 4 kk 9 kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk 29 kk 2 kk kk 2 kk 2 kk kk 2 kk 9 kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk 9 kk kk kk kk kk kk Kee Each Pattern in Its Own Table olumn Note that we did not add two url stitches to one end of each row of each of the cable and twist stitch atterns. Why not? The main answer is, That s the hard way to do it. What if we laboriously add two urls to each row of each attern, then decide that we only want one url or that we actually want three? May 20 oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe

15 Project 2: Aran Samler 8- If we altered the cable and twist atterns themselves, then we have to alter all of them all over again every time we change our minds or want to try a new idea. But reverse stockinette is a attern in its own right, so we should ut each occurrence in its own table column. When we want to try a different width, we can tweak one reverse stockinette column to get it the way we want it, then just coy and aste the entire column elsewhere in the chart. Add a Border, If Desired There is no border shown on this chart. Should we have a border? Let s say we haven t decided yet. But if we do add a border, it will bum u against the two atterns currently at the left and right edges. The border will also touch all of the atterns at to and bottom, but let s decide that we don t care about that. After all, Aran sweaters have ribbing right next to the atterns around the bottom edge and at the neck. Let s add just one url stitch before the first attern and after the last attern so the left and right borders won t touch our cable atterns. We add them the same way that we added the columns with two url stitches. Paer harts Now that we ve comleted the chart, we ll look first at our hand-drawn versions. We saw at the end of the revious chater that cable and twist symbols might look better without their outer boundaries. So we ll make two versions of the aer chart. In the first version, the cable and twist symbols retain their outer boundaries, and there are also border lines between each attern. Of course, we could consider that an Aran sweater is just ribbing with fancy, instead of lain, stockinette columns. It s quite ossible to start these atterns right at the very bottom of a sweater without doing a tyical x or 2x2 ribbing first. oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe May 20

16 8-6 In the second aer chart, the cable and twist symbols outer boundaries have been removed, along with the borders between the atterns. May 20 oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe

17 Project 2: Aran Samler 8- The final comuter version is similar to the first aer chart, excet that all the boundary lines are much thinner. oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe May 20

18 kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk Hugs and Kisses kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk Is This hart Good Enough? These three forms of the roject chart may actually be good enough. What?! I can hear you thinking, or maybe yelling, But what about the foundation rows of and?! May 20 oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe

19 Project 2: Aran Samler 8-9 We have at least three otions. Otion : Substitute the Bottom Border If our roject will have some kind of bottom border, like garter stitch, seed stitch, or ribbing, then we may not have to do the atterns foundation rows at all. Foundation rows are ut on some atterns because working something like a cable or a decrease on the very first row after casting on might look messy. Other stitch atterns may simly look better with a bit of fabric below them. If, however, we will have some kind of border below any attern with one or more foundation rows, that border will in all likelihood stand in for the foundation rows to sly the necessary fabric before that attern s row one. 6 For a hat, we may well want ribbing around the bottom. If that s the case, the ribbing will substitute just fine for the foundation rows of both and. For a hot ad, we robably want some kind of border that would revent the edges from curling, like seed stitch. In that case, again, the bottom border would almost certainly substitute handily for the omitted foundation rows. I used garter stitch, but as you can see, it cough had a few roblems (the same thing would have haened with a different border, such as seed stitch). For all the details, check out Revisiting the Aran Samler in the aendix Border Details. Otions 2: Fill Gas with Final Pattern Rows We ll work through this otion without Hugs and Kisses able. The technique is the same, but omitting the sixteen-row attern will make the charts smaller as we go through the stes. Since we now have four-, six-, and eight-row atterns, the table will need twenty-four rows for a comlete roject chart with no gas (twenty-four is the smallest number that four, six, and eight will all divide into evenly). 6 You can robably guess how we make sure: we make a swatch with the bottom border we lan to use, then work those atterns row one directly on to of the border. oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe May 20

20 8-20 The foundation rows for and are back in the chart, with a thick border above them to remind us they aren t included when the attern rows start to reeat. The at terns ublic- and rivate-side row numbers have been ut in to make discussion easier [ [ kkk 2 kkk kkk 4 kkk 2 kkk kkk 4 kkk 2 kkk kkk 4 kkk 2 kkk kkk 4 kkk 2 kkk kkk 4 kkk 2 kkk kkk [ Let s retend for a moment that we ve figured out what to do about the missing attern rows for ight and in the roject chart s foundation row A. As we ve been working our way u the chart, what have we been doing in each attern? Working Uward Through the hart In the column of, we worked the foundation row only once, then we worked the four attern rows over and over, like this: A ight doesn t have a foundation row, and it has six attern rows, so we worked rows all the way u. In, we also worked four rows over and over, but unlike, we didn t start with a foundation row, so our sequence from the beginning was just May 20 oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe

21 Project 2: Aran Samler 8-2 had a foundation row and an eight-row reeat, so we worked its rows as A (And even though it s not in the current chart, we know that for Hugs and Kisses able, we would have cycled through its sixteen attern rows, following row sixteen with row one as we started it over again.) What Row Precedes Row One? Now, having established the row sequence through each attern, let s go back to the bottom of the chart, where we don t have any stitches for ight and in the roject chart s foundation row A. ight Since it s a six-row attern, what row comes after row six? Row one. That s how we work atterns. We finish the last row of the attern and start over with (usually) row one. So here, we finish row six, then work row one. Now let s ask the question the other way. After we ve worked through ight s rows a few times, what row did we work right before we started over with row one? Well, we worked row six, of course. Which attern row of ight is in row one of the roject chart? Pattern row one. And what attern row do we work before row one when we ve comleted a few cycles? Row six. Therefore, we ut row six below row one at the bottom of the roject chart in the col umn for ight. After we cycled through the attern rows of several times, what attern row did we work before we worked row one? After we worked attern row four, we started over again with attern row one. Asking in the other direction, before we worked attern row one, we worked which attern row? Row four. So what should come before s attern row one in the roject chart foundation row A should be s attern row four. The Filled-In hart Here s the chart with ight s row six and s row four added to foundation row A of the roject chart (they re surrounded by the thick border). oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe May 20

22 [ [ kkk 2 kkk kkk 4 kkk 2 kkk kkk 4 kkk 2 kkk kkk 4 kkk 2 kkk kkk 4 kkk 2 kkk kkk 4 kkk 2 kkk kkk 4 kkk [ Summary Let s review the stes for this otion. ȝ We ut each attern s row one in the roject chart s row one, ignoring any attern s foundation row. We fill in all the gas in the roject chart by dulicating each attern over and over u the chart until it s comletely filled in, left to right and bottom to to. ȝ We add a foundation row to the roject chart and restore the foundation row of the atterns that have one. ȝ Working with each attern individually, we ut the last attern row into the emty area of the roject chart foundation row. So for ight, we added attern row six below its attern row one in the roject chart foundation row. For, we ut attern row four in the roject foundation row. What If a Pattern Has More Than One Foundation Row? The samle atterns both had only one foundation row, just ublic-side knits. But some atterns may have more than one foundation row, or the foundation rows may be more comlicated than the ones here. The rocedure should be the same. Establish the roject chart with as many rows as needed to accommodate comlete reeats of each attern, starting with row one of each May 20 oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe

23 Project 2: Aran Samler 8-2 attern in the roject chart row one and ignoring all the foundation rows any attern may have. Add the foundation rows at the bottom of the roject chart for those atterns that need them. Then fill in gas with the last few rows for all the atterns that don t have foundation rows. Otion : hange Which Row Is Row One When we first ut all the atterns into a single chart at the very beginning of the chater, we ut all the atterns at the to of the roject chart. The articular roject row that each attern s row one wound u on deended on how many rows each attern had. What haens if we ut the atterns to the bottom of the roject chart, including the foundation rows of the atterns that have them? Bottom-Align the Patterns Here is the initial roject chart, including the atterns rivate-side row numbers and both sets of roject row numbers. All the atterns start in the bottom row of the roject chart, even though that means that the ublic-side roject chart row one contains both ublic- and rivate-side attern rows. The foundation rows for and are set off with thick lines (by maniu lating the to border of their table cells), and they are laced in the same roject row as the other atterns row one. (We re again working with shorter roject charts by omitting Hugs and Kisses able, but we would do all the same stes if we included it.) [ 4 2 [ kkk 2 kkk kkk [ Let s look at the artial chart for a moment. The most obvious thing we see is that some cables are crossed on ublic-side rows while others cross on rivate-side rows. Ye, I m using the weasel word should to indicate this technique might not always work. My knitting imagination can t think of a situation where it wouldn t, excet for secial bottom edgings or hems. oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe May 20

24 8-24 The Big Surrise: We AN ross on Private-Side Rows Many knitters have never heard of crossing cables on rivate-side rows, or if they have, it s been described as difficult or at least confusing. But if we were working any of these stitch atterns in the round, to make a sock or hat, for examle, there wouldn t be any rivate-side rows (well, rounds) at all. So there would be no issue about whether the rounds we might haen to cable on were, er, either odd- or even-numbered. But we re working in the flat. Even so, a cable will still come out correctly when we cross it on the rivate side if all knitters, traditional and mirror-image, hold the cable needle in the usual lace for the direction the cable needs to slant, then url all of the cable s stitches. Nei ther kind of knitter has to do any mental gymnastics to swa where the cable needle goes to make cables slant the correct way. Traditional knitters crossing cables on rivate-side rows still hold the cable needle at the rear for right-slanting cables and at the front for left-slanting cables. Mirror-image knitters crossing cables on rivate-side rows still hold the cable needle at the front for right-slanting cables and at the back for left-slanting cables. The gory details of why we can cross on the rivate side without changing where we ut the cable needle are in the aendix rossing ables on the Private Side. One More Surrising Fact If we re working rivate-side rows by turning the chart uside-down, note that the cable symbols still slant in the correct direction. Look at the symbol for ight with the chart right-side u and uside-down. It slants to the right in both chart orientations, so again, there s no need for comlicated men tal gymnastics if we do wind u having to work crossings on rivate-side rows, even if we ve turned the chart uside-down to read the chart row in the same direction we re working in needles and yarn. We all, traditional and mirror-image knitters, still hold the cable needle in our usual lace for both left- and right-slanting cables. Really. Again, the gory details are in the aendix. May 20 oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe

25 Project 2: Aran Samler 8-2 harting Rule able and twist symbols slant the same direction whether the chart is right-side u or uside-down. When crossing cables on both ublic- and rivate-side rows, traditional knitters ut the cable needle at the front for left-slanting cables and at the rear for right-slanting cables. Mirror-image knitters ut the cable needle at the back for left-slanting cables and at the front for right-slanting cables on both the ublic and rivate sides. Mnemonics for both tyes of knitters were given in some of the charting rules in the revious chater. Do We are If We able on Every Row If we don t mind cabling on otentially every row, ublic side and rivate side, then all we have to do is fill in the gas in the way we already know. Of course, we aste each grou of attern rows above the existing rows (instead of below them, which is what we did when we started with the last row of each attern in the to row of the roject chart). We kee adding coies of each attern until we fill u the blank areas of the chart, adding table rows when needed. When we aste the coies in, though, we do have to be careful to not overwrite any sym bols already in the chart. To hel revent that, we can have both the rivate- and ublic-side row numbers of each attern in the adjacent table columns. Then we ll see very quickly that we ve asted wrong, because we ll wind u with either two rivate-side or ublic-side row numbers in consecutive table rows. or Do We Want Easy Private-Side Rows? But sometimes we just don t want to have to ay that much attention on every row. If all the atterns in our roject chart only cross their cables on ublic-side rows, then we get that Ahhh moment of just working back on the rivate-side rows (or just working around if we re working circularly). an we fiddle this chart to get all the atterns to cross only on ublic-side rows? Of course. Moving Patterns U and Down When we have two coies of aligned with one coy of, then and oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe May 20

26 8-26 do their cabling on the same rows. ight and also do their cabling on the same row, but unfortunately, as shown in the roject chart, that row is not the same as the one for and. So let s move the ight and attern rows down one row in the roject chart [ 4 2 [ kkk 2 kkk This result is retty good. Yes, the row numbers are all messy, but we ve achieved our goal of having all four atterns cable on the same row, row one, of the roject chart. What s the next ste? Same as before: we have to fill in the emty areas of the chart with coies of each attern until the entire roject chart is filled in. Start Adding oies of Each Pattern For, we only coy its numbered attern rows. We don t make coies of its foundation row A, because we work a attern s foundation rows only at the very beginning. So here is the chart with two coies of [ [ May 20 4 kkk 2 kkk oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe

27 Project 2: Aran Samler 8-2 The table does not have enough rows to add a coy of, so we need to add one blank row below below the heading row to fit in all eight of the attern rows (just like with, we don t coy s foundation row). Since the extra row needed for will give us four rows above the to row of, we ll add another coy of at the same time [ [ kkk 2 kkk Definitely looking good. Let s add a coy of both ight and [ [ kkk 2 kkk 4 kkk 2 kkk Whoa. Wait a minute. We have two rivate-side rows next to each other, and worse, we re doing those two atterns second crossings on the rivate-side roject rows four and six, which is exactly what we re trying to avoid. What haened?! oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe May 20

28 8-28 Take a look at both atterns again. Notice something missing? It s one of those things that s so obvious we may not see it right away. Neither ight nor has a row one. Where did row one of each at tern go? When we ushed those two atterns down, their first rows got ushed out of the roject chart. Go back and look at that chart. Row one of both atterns just disaeared. Including the atterns rivate-side row numbers hels us avoid this kind of error much more easily than if we were only coying the attern s stitch symbols. We might not notice that a row of ublic-side knits was missing unless we took time to count how many rows we had between all the crossings. Restoring the Rows That We Deleted Instead of just throwing away the first row of those two atterns, we should have ut it on to of the last row of its attern. Before we started coying attern rows to fill in the gas on the roject chart, we should have started with the following roject chart, where the thick borders show each attern s row one was moved to be above each attern s last row [ [ 4 2 kkk 4 kkk 2 kkk 4 2 Remember the row sequences that we figured out for all the atterns? For able / Right it was That s why row one now needs to be on to of row six. In, our sequence was Its row one now needs to be on to of its row four. May 20 oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe

29 Project 2: Aran Samler 8-29 The chart above shows row one of both ight and on to of each attern s last attern row. We have simly re-stacked those atterns rows. Now We re Ready to Fill the Gas Let s restore the coies of and, then add one coy of both able / Right and [ [ kkk 4 kkk 2 kkk kkk 4 kkk 2 kkk Notice that ight s row numbers cycle through as and s cycle through as These sequences are erfectly correct; they just both haen to start on row two instead of row one. But each attern s sequence has row one following its last row. We simly chose to start each attern in a different lace than normal. We still have some gas to fill, which means we need to ut some blank rows at the to of the table, then aste in more coies of each attern, still being careful to not overwrite any symbols already in the table. oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe May 20

30 [ [ kkk 4 kkk 2 kkk kkk 4 kkk 2 kkk kkk 4 kkk 2 kkk kkk 4 kkk 2 kkk kkk 4 kkk 2 kkk kkk 4 kkk 2 kkk This roject chart is very similar to the one we had when we ignored the foundation rows of and. That roject chart was exactly twenty-four rows high, there were no blank areas anywhere in the chart, and all the atterns fit in erfectly, since twentyfour can be evenly divided by four, six, and eight. So why does this roject chart have blank attern rows on roject chart row twenty-four for ight and? Let s double-check each attern s row numbers, just to make sure we haven t mis-coied or lost a attern row somewhere. We need to start at the bottom of the chart and work our way uward through each attern. Are All Pattern Rows Present and Accounted For? In, we have the correct sequence A ight didn t have a foundation row, and it started with row two, but even so, we have all the way u. In, we also start with row two, so our sequence ought to be, and is May 20 oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe

31 Project 2: Aran Samler had a foundation row and an eight-row reeat, and its rows count off cor rectly as A So Why Are Two Patterns Still a Row Short? It s nice to know we didn t make an error coying and asting the grous of rows for each attern, because it takes a bit more care to grow a roject chart from the bottom uward. So why is there still that ga at the to of the roject chart for two of the atterns? Think about it this way: How many coies of the six-row ight fit into the twenty-four rows of the roject chart? Four, and they fit exactly. How many coies of the four-row fit into the twenty-four rows of the roject chart? Six, and they also fit exactly. Now for the tricky question: How tall is the roject chart? Twenty-four rows? No, it s twenty-five rows tall. The hart Is One Row Taller Than Before We have six reeats of and three reeats of, both of which fit exactly in twenty-four rows, but we also have the foundation rows of and, so our roject chart is twenty-five rows tall. So What Do We Do About the Ga in the Project hart? ight and both end with row one near the to of the roject chart, on roject row twenty-three. According to the sequence of rows we reeat for each attern, what row would follow in each attern? Well, duh, row two, of course. So let s add each attern s row two to comletely fill in the roject chart (they re surrounded by the thick border). oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe May 20

32 [ [ kkk kkk 4 kkk 2 kkk kkk 4 kkk 2 kkk kkk 4 kkk 2 kkk kkk 4 kkk 2 kkk kkk 4 kkk 2 kkk kkk 4 kkk 2 kkk Let s look this chart over. The (Mostly) Final Project hart This chart is only mostly final because we omitted Hugs and Kisses able to use shorter intermediate charts while we worked through the rocedure. And comared to the final roject chart from when we ignored the foundation rows altogether, we don t have the columns of reverse stockinette around all the atterns. But even so, this chart achieves what we wanted. ȝ We have all the cable crossings done on only ublic-side rows, so we can relax a bit when we work back on the rivate side (or work around if we re working circularly), working the stitches as they resent themselves (knitting the knits and urling the urls). ȝ Each attern that has a foundation row includes that row in the roer way. ȝ We correctly cycle through each attern s rows as we work our way u the roject chart. ȝ There are no gas in the atterns, so we know exactly what to do on every stitch of every roject row. Let s start cleaning u the chart by deleting all the attern row numbers and adding the reverse stockinette between the atterns. May 20 oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe

33 Project 2: Aran Samler [ kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk Let s add another twenty-four rows to the to of the roject chart, dulicate all the at tern rows we already have, and add Hugs and Kisses able back in. The Final hart with Pattern Foundation Rows We ve also removed the shading that heled us see each grou of attern rows in each column. Note that the bottom chart row has the label for the rivate-side foundation row A to remind us to work it in the correct direction, but we re not bothering to show the rest of the rivate-side row numbers. oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe May 20

34 8-4 [ kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk Hugs and Kisses kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk Po quiz: Which Hugs and Kisses able attern row is in foundation row A of the roject chart?8 8 Row two. May 20 oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe

35 Project 2: Aran Samler 8- Moving Row One, Just Because We Want To In the Aran samler, two of the five atterns had a foundation row, so one otion for having a roject chart with no blank areas was to ush the other atterns rows down one row in the roject chart. But we can ush attern rows down for another reason too. Sose we want to make a hot ad with just Hugs and Kisses able. We ve decided to ut five attern reeats across the roject s width, so let s ut all five coies of the cable in the roject chart. 6 kk kk kk kk kk 4 kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk 2 kk kk kk kk kk 0 kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk 9 8 kk kk kk kk kk 6 kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk 4 kk kk kk kk kk 2 kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk Rows three through seven contain X X X X X and rows eleven through fifteen contain O O O O O Now this will work just fine. But wouldn t it be more interesting if the Xs and Os alternated across each row instead of being the same all the way across the row? In other words, in every other column we want to ush down Hugs and Kisses able attern by eight rows. oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe May 20

36 8-6 6 kk kk kk 4 kk kk kk kk kk kk 2 kk kk kk 0 kk kk kk kk kk kk 9 8 kk kk kk kk kk 6 kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk 4 kk kk kk kk kk 2 kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk If we look at rows three through seven, we now have alternating motifs: X O X O X That s what we want, because it will make the hot ad more interesting than having only Xs or only Os going across. But what do we do with the blank areas in the chart? We move the eight rows that are now sticking out at the bottoms of two of the columns u into the blank areas at the tos of those two columns. After we move the eight rows in the second and fourth columns, we have alternating motifs in both sets of crossing rows. 6 kk kk kk kk kk 4 kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk 2 kk kk kk kk kk 0 kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk 9 8 kk kk kk kk kk 6 kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk 4 kk kk kk kk kk 2 kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk May 20 oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe

37 Project 2: Aran Samler 8- Rows three through seven are now X O X O X and rows eleven through fifteen are now O X O X O Let s add a second set of the sixteen attern rows, just to get an idea of what the hot ad will look like. 6 kk kk kk kk kk 4 kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk 2 kk kk kk kk kk 0 kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk 9 8 kk kk kk kk kk 6 kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk 4 kk kk kk kk kk 2 kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk 6 kk kk kk kk kk 4 kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk 2 kk kk kk kk kk 0 kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk 9 8 kk kk kk kk kk 6 kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk 4 kk kk kk kk kk 2 kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk If we move from to to bottom in the first, third, and fifth columns, we have O X O X and in the second and fourth columns we have X O X O We have created a checkerboard of Xs and Os, just by changing some of our attern re eats from the original oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe May 20

38 kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk 9 to the re-stacked kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk 9 Let s look at these two versions side by side. May 20 oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe

39 Project 2: Aran Samler Original: Hugs and Kisses kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk Re-Stacked: Kisses and Hugs? kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk kk 9 In the re-stacked version, we took rows one through eight as an entire grou and ut them on to of rows nine through sixteen. Why Does This Re-Stacking Work? When we were fitting the five cable and twist atterns into a single roject chart, one of the things we did was figure out the sequence of rows for each attern. We didn t do so for Hugs and Kisses able, because we were working with smaller charts that omitted it. But naturally, Hugs and Kisses rows would count from one through sixteen, then start over again: When we moved rows one through eight to follow row sixteen in the re-stacking, what we effectively did was start the row count from a different lace: We just skied the first eight rows of the attern, then worked the normal row sequence. We can do this for virtually any attern. I add the weasel word virtually because there are oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe May 20

40 8-40 stitch atterns that won t work when started from somewhere other than the designed row one. Secial bottom edgings almost certainly could not be re-stacked. If we re not sure that a given attern would work if we start it at a different row than the designed row one, then the answer is what it so often is in knitting: make a swatch. (Sorry! I hate swatching too.) May 20 oyright 20 by Holly Briscoe