Supporting Information

Transcription

1 Supporting Information A Highly Stretchable and Washable All-Yarn-Based Self-Charging Knitting Power Textile Composed of Fiber Triboelectric Nanogenerators and Supercapacitors Kai Dong,,, Yi-Cheng Wang,, Jianan Deng,, Yejing Dai, Steven L. Zhang, Haiyang Zou, Bohong Gu, Baozhong Sun,*, and Zhong Lin Wang*,, School of Material Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia , United States College of Textiles, Key Laboratory of High Performance Fibers &Products, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai , People s Republic of China Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing , People s Republic of China These authors contributed equally to this work. *Corresponding author. zhong.wang@mse.gatech.edu, sunbz@dhu.edu.cn

2 Fig. S1 A device for coating silicone rubber on the surface of the 3-ply-twisted stainless steel/polyester fiber blended yarn. Fig. S2 Schematic illustrations of the electrical output measurement device of silicone rubber coated yarns at separation (upper) and contact (lower) states. The contact-separation movements between the energy-harvesting yarns and an acrylic plate were applied by a linear motor. The contacting length of energy-harvesting yarns was fixed as 20 mm, and the maximum contact-separation distance per cycle was chose as 40 mm.

3 Fig. S3 Electrical outputs of different silicone rubber coated yarns under different tapping frequencies (f) and tapping forces (F). (a-c) V OC, I S C, and Q S C under different tapping frequency, respectively. (d-f) V OC, I S C, and Q S C under different tapping forces, respectively. In this part, all the diameters were controlled as 6 mm, and contacting yarn length was 20 mm. Fig. S4 Diameter-dependent electrical output performance of silicone rubber coated yarn (silicone rubber: Ecoflex-0020, tapping frequency: 2 Hz, tapping force: 5 N, and contacting yarn length: 20 mm).

4 Fig. S5 Schematic illustration of the contact-separation experimental setup at the (a) separating state, and (b, c) contacting state. Moreover, the knitting TENG fabric was at the (a, b) initial state, and the (c) stretched state. Fig. S6 Chemical Structure of the (a) silicone rubber and (b) acrylic plate.

5 Fig. S7 Repeatability tests of the knitting TENG fabric. (a) Photograph of the four different knitting TENG fabrics. (b-d) Electrical output performances of the four knitting TENG fabrics, including (b) open-circuit voltage, (c) short-circuit current, and (d) short-circuit charge transfer (contact area: mm 2, and tapping force: 11 N). Fig. S8 (a) Stress-strain curves (10%-60%) and (b) stretched pictures (initial, 30%, and 60%) of the knitting TENG fabric.

6 Fig. S9 Electrical outputs (open-circuit voltagev OC, short-circuit currenti S C, and transferred charge C ) of the knitting TENG fabric under different tensile states (0%-100% strain) (tapping frequency: 2 Hz, tapping force: 5 N, and contacting area: mm 2 ). Q S Fig. S10 Long-term stability of the knitting TENG fabric that last for ~50000 cycles of contact-separation motions (tapping frequency: 4 Hz, tapping force: 11 N, and contacting area: mm 2 ). (a) open-circuit voltage Voc, and (b) short-circuit current Isc.

7 Fig. S11 (a) SEM images of CNF coated yarn (scale bar: 3 µm), and (b-c) PEDOT:PSS/CNF coated yarn (scale bar: 1 µm and 5 µm, respectively). Fig. S12 Capacitance endurance tests of the yarn supercapacitor under different mechanical states. Capacitance stability of the yarn supercapacitor undergoing (a) 6,000 compression cycles (compression force: 10 N), and (b) 6,000 bending cycles (current load: 25 µa, and bending angle: 30o). (c) Capacitance change of the yarn supercapacitor under different tensile strain (0%-100%, and current load: 25 µa). Insets are the photographs of the yarn supercapacitor woven into the knitting TENG fabric at initial and 100% tensile strain states. (d) Capacitance stability of the yarn supercapacitor under 6,000 cyclic tensile tests (current load: 25 µa).

8 Fig. S13 Electrical output performances of the knitting TENG fabric in real human body movements. (a) Photograph of knitting TENG fabric at compression state. (b) Compression forces of human hand. (c) Photograph of knitting TENG fabric at bending state. (d) Open-circuit voltage, (e) short-circuit current, and (f) short-circuit charge transfer of knitting TENG fabric under actual compression state. (g) Open-circuit voltage, (h) short-circuit current, and (i) short-circuit charge transfer of knitting TENG fabric under actual bending state.

9 Fig. S14 Effect of contamination of silicone rubber on the electrical output performances of knitting TENG fabric. (a) Photograph of knitting TENG fabric after being fully contaminated. (b) Photograph of knitting TENG fabric after being washed. (c, d) Electrical outputs of knitting TENG fabric at the original state, after being contaminated, and after being washed, including (c) open-circuit voltage and (d) short-circuit current.

10 Fig. S15 Multiple times washing tests of knitting power textile. (a) Open-circuit voltage, and (b) short-circuit current of knitting TENG fabric at several times washing. (c) CV curves of the SC before and after being washed (scan rate: 25 and 50 mv/s). (d) Charging curves of two-series SCs before and after being washed by mechanical flapping the TENG fabric with a linear motor at a fixed frequency of 2 Hz (contact area: mm 2, and tapping force: 11 N).