Supplementary Information

Transcription

1 Supplementary Information Fiber-based Generator for Wearable Electronics and Mobile Medication Junwen Zhong 1,, Yan Zhang 2, 3,, Qize Zhong 1,, Qiyi Hu 1, Bin Hu 1, Zhong Lin Wang 2,4 and Jun Zhou 1,* 1 Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, and School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, , China, 2 Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. 3 Institute of Theoretical Physics, and Key Laboratory for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of MOE, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou , China, 4 School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia , USA * Corresponding author. address: jun.zhou@mail.hust.edu.cn (JZ) 1

2 Supplementary note 1: Calculation of the average area power density of the FBG A single positive current peak generated by an FBG stimulated by index finger, the power integration cruve corresponding to. Calculation process: (I) The instantaneous peak power density can be calculated as follows: P I R 2 insta = insta (1) In equation (1), P insta is the instantaneous peak power density; I insta is the instantaneous peak current value of na and R is external load resistance of 80 MΩ. (II) The average power density can be calculated as follows: P average W = = t tr 2 I Rdt t0 t (2) In equation (2), P average is the average power density, W is the integration work; t 0 and t r respresent the starting time and the ending time of the integration process, respectively; t is the peak width of 0.09 s and I is the corresponding current value. (III) The average area power density can be calculated as follows: P P P = average = average area (3) S In equation (3), P area is the average area power density; S is the effective area of an FBG; L is the length of an FBG which is 9 cm and d is the cross section width of an FBG which is 1 mm. Ld 2

3 Supplementary note 2: Working principle of the wireless body temperature sensor system The temperature sensor system is based on a microcontroller unit (MCU, Atmega168V-10PI) configuration. At the transmitter terminal, a commercial negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor sensor was implanted into a wristband for detecting the human body temperature illustrated in the inset of figure S10. A power clothes was attached to a lab coat, as shown in the figure 6b. The energy harvested from shaking the coat could charge a 10 nf capacitor. During the charging process, the capacitor voltage reached a threshold voltage of 2.4 V would wake up the MCU driven by an external power source. Then, the MCU issued instructions to the thermistor to detect surrounding temperature. The detected temperature analog signals were converted into digital signals by the analog-digital converter (ADC) module of MCU. For simplifying programming, the digital signals were loaded directly into a square wave generated by MCU in which half period of the wave indicated the temperature value. At last, the MCU output the modulated square wave to drive the infrared diode was and transmitted the temperature signals through the infrared light. That is only required to be in active mode periodically. When it is in power-down mode, the transmitter terminal has very low consumption. The entire schematic block diagram of the setup was shown in Figure S9. At the receiver end, the receiver diode simultaneously captured the signals, and then a MCU in the receiver demodulated the signals and identified the temperature value, and sent to the display screen. In the entire testing process, the transmitting and receiving voltage signals were measured by PCI-6259 (National Instruments). And the corresponding temperature values in the display screen. 3

4 Supplementary Figures 300 µm 400 µm (d) 1 µm 200 µm Figure S1 Low-magnification SEM images of the cotton threads before and after treated by ethanol flame. High-magnification SEM image of the cotton threads after treated by ethanol flame. (d) Cross-sectional view SEM image of the PCCT. Figure S2 I-V curves of the CCT in straight (black curve) and curving (red curve) condition. Tensile stress versus strain curve of the CCT and FBG. 4

5 Figure S3 surface potential of the PTFE surface and electrode surface with 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40 minutes plasma polarization. Long Stability measurement of the surface potential of the PTFE. Resistor A Z Resonator 3D Stage Y X Optical Table Figure S4 Schematic diagram illustrating the power generation performance measurement of a single fiber-based generator. 5

6 (d) Figure S5 The details of current generated by a single FBG with an external load of 80 MΩ for a given frequency of 5 Hz and a given strain of 2.15%. Peak current values under different frequency and strain. The integration of each current peak corresponding to different strain and (d) different frequency. FBG1+ FBG2 FBG1 FBG2 Figure S6 Instantaneous output current and instantaneous peak power as a function of the external load resistance at a given bending frequencyof 5 Hz and deformation of 2.15% strain. Linear superposition tests of two FBGs (FBG1 and FBG2) connected in parallel with the same polarity (FBG1+FBG2). 6

7 1 µm 300 µm (d) 300 µm 5 µm Figure S7 SEM images of (a, b) PCCT and (c, d) CCT of an FBG with low- magnification and high-magnification after 5 hours continuously stimulation, respectively. Figure S8 Digital photographs of the LCD before lit up by a single FBG fixed on an index finger, and the corresponding voltage across the LCD. 7

8 I II III IV V Figure S9 Peak current values of different finger motion states and the integration of each current peak corresponding to different motion states. Figure S10 Current signals for only shaking the electrodes fixed on the shirt. 8

9 Storage Device Trigger Modulator MCU Sensor FBG Infrared Diode Temperature Signal Receiver Diode Display Screen MCU Demodulator Figure S11 Schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the wireless body temperature monitor system. Supplementary Videos Supplementary Videos 1: Single fiber-based generator powers a liquid crystalline display with small-scale finger motion. Supplementary Videos 2: Charging process of a capacitor by the power shirt. Supplementary Videos 3: Body temperature monitoring process by the homemade wireless temperature sensor system that trigger by our power shirt. 9