standardized driver s desk under real life conditions

Transcription

1 Human factors evaluation of a standardized driver s desk under real life conditions Xavier Zubillaga,, Matthias Barta Vienna University of Technology Christina Karsten,, Manfred Rentzsch IAS Berlin 1

2 Contents Problematic Presentation of the test infrastructure and program Human Factors data collection Presentation of some results Way ahead 2

3 Introduction Large diversity of driver s desk in Europe. Examples: Huge obstacle for the interoperability and competitiveness of the rail in Europe against others modes of transport 3

4 Project history 4

5 Standardized driver s desk UIC 612 r UIC 612 5

6 Objectives The test programme was designed with the objective to verify the advantages of the elected layout under real world conditions Maximisation of the interaction of the driver with the desk, made possible within the choice of a test center as infrastructure of the tests Reproducible driving situations, gathered in scenarios To obtain comparable results, the same scenarios were executed by b 17 drivers from 10 European countries 6

7 Test platform A new multisystem-capable locomotive was chosen for the integration of the driver s s desk A large choice of electrical systems were implemented Equipped with ETCS elements on the desk and ETCS functions on display, in compliance with the state of the art at the end of 2008 In order to have realistic acceleration and braking curves, a train load composed of 8 wagons was coupled to the locomotive 7

8 Modular grouping of the controls 8

9 Training and familiarization A simulator was provided for training equipped with same arrangement of the controls and functions on the displays like on the locomotive 3-hour training on it: explanation of the driving rules, function of each control, menus of the displays, shape and meaning of the generic signals placed on the test track Simulation of one of the scenarios as on the test track 9

10 Test scenarios The following typical driving situations were executed: normal drive Pre departure tests degraded situations Failure compressor Train data entry Failure display Accelerating, slowdown Standing position Power supply transition Emergency brake ETCS level transition 0 10 Stop at red signal 10

11 Data collection Objective data Measurement of the luminance in the cab Recording of the driver s s eye movements Observation of the actions of the driver Subjective data Questionnaires for assessment of the desk ergonomics, the display y units, the interaction of the software and hardware Stress and strain assessments Comments of the driver while driving or on the simulator 11

12 Reference tests 4 drivers from 3 European countries drove the Skoda locomotive 109E on the main ring of the test center VUZ (CZ) similar scenarios and answered similar questionnaires as in Wildenrath eye movements of 2 drivers were recorded driver s s desk inspired from the developments of EUDD project years results as basis for comparison with the main session improvement of the test program for the test session 12

13 Measurement of luminance Luminance as luminous intensity, in cd/m² measured The luminance ratios should not exceed 1:10 in the field of view of the driver Display frame to... ICE 1 Prima II Board 1:1 1:5 Driver s desk 1:19 1:5 Display (black( black) 1:2,5 1:1 Schedule/ paper 1:71 1:28 Sun visor 1:80 1:45 DB ICE 1 Alstom Prima II Display Board Display frame Sun visor Printed orders 13

14 Glare on the desk Major disturbance observed in case of sunny weather Impact for the driver depending on the quality of the surfaces The brightness of the vertical board reduces the disturbance The visible part of the sun visor for the driver seat is to be minimized Prima EL2 Skoda 109E 14

15 Eye tracking The eye-tracking glasses enable a total freedom of movement while driving. It weighs only 76g. Analysis of the eye movements: eye square How much time in percent do the drivers need for operating the controls in comparison to monitoring the track? How long do they need to find the right control/ soft key/ to solve a problem? Is important information on display quickly recognized by drivers? Which elements does the driver monitor during the driving? 15

16 Eye tracking The camera records the eye movements and transfer them to a computer for analysis Outputs Density Perception Reception duration Visits Transitions These values reflect the importance of each element and should reveal the difficulties of the drivers by extracting or interpreting the information 16

17 Eye tracking Sequence: acceleration CCD 107s long sequence TDD Without ETCS The bars of traction are less fixed tan during the acceleration With ETCS, the CCD monopolizes the attention of the driver: 56 sec long 57 visits CCD TDD 100% 80% 60% 40% 73s long sequence With ETCS 20% 0% ETCS noetcs ETD TDD CCD Outside 17

18 Eye tracking Sequence: power supply transition SKODA 109E Moves of the head mainly in vertical direction MCB + pantograph fixed by 75% of the drivers Small average length of the moves PRIMA EL2 Moves of the head mainly in horizontal direction MCB + pantograph fixed by 75% of the drivers Star topology of the moves 18

19 Global assessment Very good 4,0 3,0 +25% +20% +20% +40% +10% 2,0 PRIMA II Very bad 1,0 arrangement shape general beauty usability Skoda 109E assessment of the controls assessment of the desk 19

20 Conclusion The idea of a standardization is well received by the drivers. The proposed configuration received a very positively assessment by the drivers enhances the possibility of understanding and time-effective effective operation These positive results encourage disseminating the proposed design in Europe and realising further analysis According to the recommendations of EUDDplus,, a new version of the UIC 612 leaflets will be adjusted. 20

21 Thank you very much for your attention! Questions? 21