Module Three (based on New Headway p and PET reading and writing tests)

Transcription

1 Module Three (based on New Headway p and PET reading and writing tests) PART 1: Let s go shopping This module begins with a short conversation about a shopping list between two friends who share a flat: Vicky: It says here milk. How much milk do we need? Sarah: Two pints. V: And eggs? How many eggs? S: A dozen. V: And what about potatoes? How many potatoes? S: A kilo s enough. V: And butter? How much? S: Just one packet. V: Do we need anything else? S: Let s have a look. We ve got some apples, but there aren t any grapes. And there isn t any coffee, but we ve got some tea. V: Is there any orange juice left? S: There s a little, but there isn t much, so we need some more. V: And vegetables? Have we got any vegetables? S: Well, I can see a few carrots, but there aren t many onions. V: Oh, and don t forget we need a lot of crisps. My nephews are coming tomorrow! S: Right then. I think that s everything. Let s go! By the way, how much money have you got? As you can see, the conversation illustrates the difference between countable and uncountable nouns, and when to use some, any, much, many, etc. COUNTABLE/UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS count. uncount. a cup water a girl sugar an apple milk an egg music a pond money USE 1. We can say three cups, two girls, ten pounds. We can count them. We cannot say two waters, three musics, etc. We cannot count them. 2. Countable nouns can be both singular and plural. This cup is full. These cups are empty. Uncountable nouns can only be singular. The water is cold. The weather was terrible. 3. In questions and negatives we usually use many with countable nouns and much with uncountable nouns. How many people were at the party? I didn t take many photos. How much money have you got? There isn t much milk left. 4. Some is used in positive sentences, any is used in negatives and questions. I d like some sugar. Have you got any brothers and sisters?

2 I didn t buy any apples. But. some is used in questions that are offers or requests. Can I have some cake? Would you like some tea? These rules also apply to the compounds someone, anything, somewhere, nobody, etc. 5. We use a few for countable nouns and a little for uncountable nouns. There are a few cigarettes left. Can you give me a little help? 6. We can use a lot of / lots of for both countable and uncountable nouns, in affirmatives, negatives and questions. I ve got lots of friends / time, etc. There isn t a lot of butter / There aren t a lot of flowers. 7. Be careful! Some words are countable in Italian but uncountable in English: I gave him some advice / a piece of advice NOT advices. I d like some information / a little information NOT informations. 8. Avoid double negatives: to translate non c era nessuno in casa you can say: There was nobody at home OR There wasn t anybody at home BUT NOT There wasn t nobody at home. EXERCISES: Choose the correct option: 1 The job will include (many/a lot of) work during the weekend. 2 There isn t (much/many) furniture in the house, just (a few/a little) tables and chairs. 3 I received (any/some) bad news this morning. 4 I have (a few/a little) money that I want to pay into my account. 5 Can you give me a hand? I need (a few/some) advice on the best time of the year to plant bulbs. 6 There weren t (a lot/many) people at the party. 7 I can speak (a little/a few) Spanish; just (a little/a few) words. 8 Do (many/much) tourists come to your town? 9 I need (some/little) paper to write on. Compounds: 1 He lives where in France. 2 Where shall I sit? Oh, it doesn t matter, just sit where. 3 Does one live in that house? It looks deserted. 4 Would you like thing to drink? There s some nice wine in the fridge. 5 The children are bored, they haven t got thing to do. 6 The children are bored, they ve got thing to do. 7 I ve just heard a noise, I think there s body in the house. 8 I put my keys down where and now I can t find them. Now let s look at a passage about The best shopping street in the world (p.35 New Headway). 1 How do we know that Nowy Świat is the most popular shopping street? 2 Why is it such a nice place to go shopping? 3 Why don t many foreign people go to Nowy Świat? 4 Why are the things produced by Polish manufacturers so good?

3 5 What can you buy here? What can t you buy? 6 What is expensive? What isn t expensive? 7 What s good about Café Blikle? 8 What is special about the shops in Nowy Świat? ARTICLES A or an is used with singular countable nouns to refer to a thing or an idea for the first time. There s a supermarket near our house. The is used with singular, plural, countable and uncountable nouns when both speaker and listener already know the thing/idea. I m going to the supermarket, do you want anything? USE Use a/an with professions some expressions of quantity exclamations with what + a countable noun He s an architect a pair of a little a couple of a few What a lovely day! What a pity! Use the before seas, rivers, hotels, pubs, theatres, museums, newspapers the Atlantic the British museum the Times the Ritz

4 when there is only one of something with superlative adjectives the sun the Queen the Government the richest man in the world the oldest in the class NO article 1. before plural and uncountable nouns when we talk about things in general. I like potatoes. Milk is good for you. 2. before countries, towns, streets, languages, magazines, meals, airports, stations, mountains. I had lunch with John. I speak Spanish and French. 3. before some places and some forms of transport: at home in/to bed at/to work at/to school/university by bus by plane by car by train on foot 4. in exclamations with What + an uncountable noun. What beautiful weather! What loud music! EXERCISES Complete the sentences with a/an, the or nothing. 1. CDs are rather expensive in Italy. 2. He s man I was telling you about. 3. X factor is probably most popular programme on TV. 4. After losing the last elections, Labour party have chosen new leader. 5. What shame your family won t be coming to stay with you during Christmas holidays. 6. I m taking couple of weeks off next month to finish my new book. 7. Pacific is largest ocean in world. 8. Prime Minister will be meeting Secretary General of United Nations during his visit to New York next week. 9. Remember to turn off all lights when you go to bed. 10. My husband s engineer, he designs bridges. 11. He was very tall man with dark hair and small beard, but I couldn t see his eyes because he was wearing dark glasses. How to write and say prices in Britain written spoken 1 a pound 50p fifty p 1.99 one pound ninety-nine sixteen pounds forty $100 a hundred dollars 50 fifty cents 17,000 seventeen thousand euros So how do we say 5.50 $10, p. 250, ,540,000

5 VERB PATTERNS Here are some important verb patterns that students must know: 1 Verb + to + infinitive They want to buy a car. I would like to go abroad. Try to concentrate! 2 Verb + -ing Everyone enjoys going to parties. He finished reading his book. 3 Verb + -ing or + to + infinitive with no change in meaning It began to rain/raining. I continued to work/working. * (there is very little difference between I like/love going & I like/love to go etc.) 4 Verb + preposition + -ing We re thinking of moving house. I m looking forward to having more free time. EXERCISES One or two verbs are correct, but not all three. Tick the correct verbs. 1 I to live in a hot country. want enjoy d like 2 We going to Italy for our holidays. are hoping re thinking of like 3 I go home early tonight. want like can 4 I to see you again soon. hope d like m looking forward to 5 Do you learning English? want enjoy like 6 We having a few days off soon. re thinking of d love to re looking forward to LIKE DOING ~WOULD LIKE TO DO 1. To express a general enjoyment we use like doing and love doing I like working as a teacher = I am a teacher and I enjoy it. I love dancing = This is one of my hobbies. 2. To express a preference now or at a specific time we use would like to do and would love to do I d like to be a teacher = When I finish university, I want to be a teacher. Thank you. I d love a cup of coffee. = I m pleased that you have offered me a coffee.

6 question short answer Would you like to dance? Would you like to come for a walk? Yes, I would. /Yes, I d love to. Yes, I would. /No, thank you. General revision: Read the following paragraph. Find and correct the mistakes. For example: She speeks english. = She speaks English. Jane is very exited because today is saturday and her best freind Anne is getting married. The whether is beautyful, the sun is shinning and everybody are happy. After the wedding, Anne and her husbaund are leaveing for there honeymoon; they are going to the Seychelles for to swim and sunbath. Anne enjoys to swim very much, and she is looking forward to go. Jane lives quiet far from the church so she must to leave early if she wants to arrive by time. She don't want to be late!!!! There are 18 mistakes. A tale of two millionaires Read the following texts about Milton Petrie and Hetty Green and answer the questions. 1 When were Milton and Hetty born? 2 What were their parents like?* 3 How did Milton and Hetty become so wealthy? 4 Who wore ragged clothes? 5 What was the meanest thing Hetty did? 6 Why did Milton like making a lot of money? 7 Who did they marry? 8 When did they die? How old were they? 9 Who left the most money? Who did they leave it to? * Do not confuse: to be like: to look like to like What is somebody like He s kind and patient. What does he look like He s short with brown hair and blue eyes. What does he like He likes watching football on TV.

7 from New Headway, J.&L. Soars, Oxford, p Comparative and superlative adjectives One-syllable adjectives and two-syllable adjectives ending in -y: cheap, cheaper, the cheapest happy, happier, the happiest Other two-syllable adjectives and longer adjectives: famous, more famous, the most famous intelligent, more intelligent, the most intelligent Irregular forms: good, better, the best bad, worse, the worst

8 little, less, the least far, further, the furthest Prepositions in comparative phrases: in after the superlative the best in the world than after the comparative he s older than his brother as as to show that something is the same or equal I m as worried as you are not as as or not so as to show that something isn t the same or equal he isn t so/as interested in sport as I am EXERCISESThree of the following sentences are correct. Tick ( ) the correct ones and correct the others. For example: She's more young than me. She's younger than me. 1. It's the highest mountain of the world. 2. This exercise is more complicated than the other one. 3. My German is better as yours. 4. Jane is prettyer than Sue. 5. Oxford is one of oldest universities in Europe. 6. He isn t as clever as his sister. 7. Rome was hotter that I expected. 8. I'm going to study harder for my next exam. 9. It s the most expensive hotel of the world. 10. He s the worse teacher we ve ever had. PART 2: Practice for PET Tests Type 1 - Transformations (producing variations on simple sentences). Here are some sentences about a new sports centre. For each question, finish the second sentences so that it means the same as the first. Use no more than three words. Example: Answer: There are two separate swimming pools. It.. separate swimming pools. has two. 1. A new sports centre was opened by the president last week. The president.. new sports centre last week. 2. The main pool is just for adults. Only adults.. the main pool. 3. Entry is free if you are under 18. You can go.. if you are under Sports equipment can be hired. You.. sports equipment.

9 5. Swimming is very good for your health. Swimming keeps... Type 2 - Matching (reading multiple tests for specific information and detailed comprehension). The people below are trying to choose which TV programme to watch. On the next page there are descriptions of eight TV programmes. Decide which programme would be the most suitable for each person.

10 Type 3 True / False (processing a factual text. Scanning for specific information while disregarding redundant material). Look at the sentences below about the Orkney Islands. Read the text on the next page to decide if each statement is correct or incorrect.

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