Westinghouse. Lamps 101

Transcription

1 Westinghouse Lamps 101

2 Objectives Explain common lighting terminology to your customers Examine color temperature and explain the Kelvin scale List features and benefits of various lamp types, including: Halogen fluorescent/compact fluorescent HID (High Intensity Discharge) LED (Light Emitting Diode) Organize and categorize various lamps based on their sizes and codes

3 Introduction to Lighting Terminology Consider: Safety Mood Even distribution Energy efficiency Up-front costs vs. lifespan of the product

4 Watts indicate the energy consumption of a lamp. A similar amount of light is provided by each lamp. However, the lamp on the left requires 60 Watts. The lamp on the right requires only 13 Watts. 60 Watts 13 Watts

5 Lumens indicate amount of light perceived by the human eye.

6 Color Temperature The color temperature of a light source is a numerical measurement of its color appearance. It is based on the principle that any object will emit light if it is heated to a high enough temperature, and that the color of that light will shift in a predictable manner as the temperature is increased. lamp looks warm because it s 2700K. A 4100K linear fluorescent looks white or neutral in appearance and a 6500K lamp looks cool and may have a bluish tone.

7 Color Temperature Color Temp. Kelvin Associated Effects and Moods 6500 K Outdoor Daylight Bright Alert Exacting 4100 K Neat Clean Efficient 3200 K Friendly Inviting Appropriate Applications Art Galleries Museums Jewelry Stores Printing Companies Offices Schools Hospitals Conference Rooms Showrooms Offices Example Outdoor Daylight Cool White Metal Halide 6500 K 3500 K 3000 K Personal Intimate Exclusive Restaurants Hotels Retail Stores Boutiques Halogen Warm White 2000 K 40 Watt High Pressure Sodium 1500 K Candle 2700 K

8 Lamp Chart Domestic Code Lamp Type Finish/ Beam Type Base Base configurations or base material of lamp. 9MINITWIST/CB/27/4 wattage Base type Package size/type Order Number Code used to place orders Symbols Explanation at bottom of page Master Carton/ Inner Pack Number of lamps per package MOL Maximum overall length (inches) MOD Maximum overall diameter (inches)

9 Lamp Codes Refer to chart or your Westinghouse catalog for all product information. A type (pear/bulb shape) R type (reflector) MR type (mini reflector) G type (globe) T type (tubular) PAR type (parabolic aluminized reflector)

10 Lamp Types

11 The heart of any incandescent lamp is a coil of fine wire called the filament, typically made of tungsten due to it s high melting point. As electrical current passes through the filament - it becomes white hot and emits visible light. If any filament is exposed to air, it quickly evaporates, or burns up. Therefore, it is enclosed in a sealed tight glass envelope. Heat resistant quartz glass is used in the case of many halogen bulbs.

12 Pros and Cons PROS Low initial cost Instant on start up Dimmable Large variety of shapes/sizes CONS Very high operating cost Sensitive to voltage spikes Sensitive to vibration Limited availability as legislation results in popular items being phased out

13 Halogen Similar construction and operation to standard incandescent lamps. Operating at higher pressures than standard incandescent a halogen lamp operates more efficiently providing whiter, brighter, light.

14 Halogen Pros and Cons PROS More efficient and longer life than standard incandescent Crisp / White light Enhanced appearance of surroundings Precise beam control from reflector types CONS Higher initial cost High operating cost Sensitive to voltage spikes Pressurized lamps may require shielding to be incorporated in lighting design

15 Fluorescent (Linear and CFL) Ultra-violet light is absorbed by the phosphor coating on the tube and re-radiated as visible light. Different phosphor mixes determine the Kelvin and CRI of individual lamp types.

16 Fluorescent Pros and Cons PROS Lower operating cost Long life Reduces energy consumption and operating costs up to 75% Wide variety of shapes/sizes Variety of color options not available in other light sources Comfortable to the eye due to diffused light output CONS Higher initial cost than incandescent Frequent starts can shorten life Limited options in terms of dimming Mercury is needed to operate all fluorescent lamps

17 HID (High Intensity Discharge) Mercury Vapor, Metal Halide, and High Pressure Sodium lamps are considered High Intensity Discharge (HID) light sources. HID lamps have an arc tube inside of a glass envelope. Light is created when an electric current is passed through a gas or vapor containing specific elements under pressure. All HID lamps need a ballast to start and control the electric current. Mercury Vapor Lamps With poor CRI Mercury Vapor lamps are being phased out in favor of better solutions like Metal Halide and High Pressure Sodium HID lamps. Common applications include general flood lighting, parking lots and street lighting. Metal Halide Lamps Metal Halide lamps offer greatly improved light output and color performance. They are widely used in a variety of commercial and industrial applications where better color rendering is critical. High Pressure Sodium Lamps High pressure sodium lamps are the most efficient HIDs. Their high efficacy or high ratio of lumens per watt create their energy-saving capabilities. HPS lamps are commonly used in areas where bulb life and high efficiency are required and color rendering is not critical. Like Mercury Vapor lamps HPS have poor color rendering properties and are primarily used where high CRI is required.

18 HID (High Intensity Discharge) Basic construction and operation of HID Lamps: HID lamps give out light from an intense electrical arc or discharge between two electrodes. If it helps you can think of HID lamps as lightning in a bottle.

19 HID Pros and Cons PROS Very high efficiency Long life Low operating costs over life CONS High initial cost Poor CRI Pressurized arc tube Slow start up when turned on Lumen depreciation over the life of the lamp

20 LED LED (Light Emitting Diode)

21 LED Pros and Cons PROS Reduce energy consumption and operating costs up to 75% Long Life - up to 20 times longer than incandescent and halogen lamps Dimming Capability Cool beam No UV or IR emissions Environmentally friendly contains no mercury CONS Higher initial cost to purchase (this is changing fast!) Thermal management issues has limited wattage/size options for some small profile lighting applications such as mini reflectors and higher wattage replacement options for popular miniature halogen items.

22 Application is Key

23 Summary Explain common lighting terminology to your customers Examine color temperature and explain the Kelvin scale List features and benefits of various lamp types, including: Halogen fluorescent/compact fluorescent HID (High Intensity Discharge) LED (Light Emitting Diode) Organize and categorize various lamps based on their sizes and codes