The Cryptoclub. Blackline Masters. Using Mathematics to Make and Break Secret Codes. to accompany. Janet Beissinger Vera Pless
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1 Blackline Masters to accompany The Cryptoclub Using Mathematics to Make and Break Secret Codes Janet Beissinger Vera Pless A K Peters Wellesley, Massachusetts
2 Editorial, Sales, and Customer Service Office A K Peters, Ltd. 888 Worcester Street, Suite 230 Wellesley, MA Copyright 2008 by The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois. All rights reserved. No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner, with the exception of photocopying for classroom and educational use only, which is permitted. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. The Library of Congress has cataloged the book associated with these materials as follows: Beissinger, Janet. The cryptoclub : using mathematics to make and break secret codes / Janet Beissinger, Vera Pless. p. cm. ISBN-13: (alk. paper) ISBN-10: X (alk. paper) 1. Mathematics--Juvenile literature. 2. Cryptography--Juvenile literature. I. Pless, Vera. II. Title. QA40.5.B dc
3 Name Date Three-Row Tables Here are some blank tables for you to make your own messages.
4 Name Date Two-Row Tables Here are some blank tables for you to make your own messages.
5 Name Date Cipher Tables Here are extra tables to use when encrypting and decrypting other messages.
6 Name Date Frequency Table
7 Name Date Blank Grid Paper You can use this page for your own messages.
8 Name Date Cipher Strip Vigenère Square
9 Cipher Wheels
10 Name Date Can You Crack These Messages? Decrypt the following messages using whatever clues you can find Chapter Chapter 3: Breaking 3: Breaking Caesar Caesar Ciphers Ciphers
11 Name Date Can You Crack This? Chapter 4: Keyword Ciphers
12 Name Date Class Letter Frequencies Chapter 5: Letter Frequencies
13 Name Date Patterns in the Girls Message Below are the first ten lines of the girls message. 1. Circle encryptions of the in the plaintext message. Include words such as "then" in which the occurs as part of a word. 2. Note that the is not always encrypted the same way. Why not? 3. Look for a pattern that tells when different occurrences of the in plaintext will be encrypted the same. Hint: Look at the distance between occurrences of the. Chapter 10: Using Common Factors to Crack Vigenère Ciphers
14 Teacher-Made Treasure Hunt Clues Clue 1 Teacher s tip: Make as many copies of this page as there are students per group. Cut clues apart and staple duplicates together to make a packet for each group. Put all the packets in one envelope marked "Clue 1". Clue 1 (Caesar cipher, key 5): Y M J K N W X Y U Q F H J Y M F Y Group 1 Clue 1 (Caesar cipher, key 5): D T Z X M T Z Q I Q T T P N X Group 2 Clue 1 (Caesar cipher, key 5): B M J W J D T Z H F S L T Group 3 Clue 1 (Caesar cipher, key 5): Group 4 Y T L J Y F G T T P.
15 Teacher-Made Treasure Hunt Clue 2 Teacher s tip: Make as many copies of this page as there are students per group. Cut clues and staple to make a packet of duplicate clues for each group--one copy for each student in the group. Put all the packets in one envelope marked "Clue 2". Clue 2 (Caesar cipher, key 4): Group 1 Clue 2 (Caesar cipher, key 4): Group 2 Clue 2 (Caesar cipher, key 4): Group 3 Clue 2 (Caesar cipher, key 4): Group
16 Teacher-Made Treasure Hunt Clue 3 Teacher s tip: Make as many copies of this page as there are students per group. Cut clues and staple to make a packet of duplicate clues for each group--one copy for each student in the group. Put all the packets in one envelope marked "Clue 3". Clue 3 (encrypted with times-9 cipher): Group 1 Clue 3 (encrypted with times-9 cipher): Group 2 Clue 3 (encrypted with times-9 cipher: Group 3 Clue 3 (encrypted with times-9 cipher): Group
17 Teacher-Made Treasure Hunt Clue 4 Teacher s tip: Make as many copies of this page as there are students per group. Cut clues and staple to make a packet of duplicate clues for each group--one copy for each student in the group. Put all the packets in one envelope marked "Clue 4". Clue 4 (keyword cipher, keyword FUNNY, keyletter H): R I P D K T A W R C K E R J Group 1 Clue 4 (keyword cipher, keyword FUNNY, keyletter H): J F W W C V D X J F W V R P, Group 2 Clue 4 (keyword cipher, keyword FUNNY, keyletter H): J F U I U I M F W H W J F U C Z I Group 3 Clue 4 (keyword cipher, keyword FUNNY, keyletter H): Group 4 R H W J F H D M C R M R P.
18 Teacher-Made Treasure Hunt Clue 5 Teacher s tip: Make as many copies of this page as there are students per group. Cut clues and staple to make a packet of duplicate clues for each group--one copy for each student in the group. Put all the packets in one envelope marked "Clue 5". Clue 5 (affine cipher, key (21,2)): , Group 1 Clue 5 (affine cipher, key (21,2)): , Group 2 Clue 5 (affine cipher, key (21,2)): Group Clue 5 (affine cipher, key (21,2)): Group
19 Teacher-Made Treasure Hunt Clue 6 Teacher s tip: Make as many copies of this page as there are students per group. Cut clues and staple to make a packet of duplicate clues for each group--one copy for each student in the group. Put all the packets in one envelope marked "Clue 6". Clue 6 (affine cipher, key (1,10)): , Group 1 Clue 6 (affine cipher, key (1,10)): Group 2 Clue 6 (affine cipher, key (1,10)): Group 3 Clue 6 (affine cipher, key (1,10)): Group
20 Teacher-Made Treasure Hunt Answer Key Clue 1 Teacher opens envelope #1 and distributes clues to groups Plaintext: The first place that you should look is where you can go to get a book. Ciphertext (Caesar cipher, key 5): YMJ KNWXY UQFHJ YMFY DTZ XMTZQI QTTP NX BMJWJ DTZ HFS LT YT LJY F GTTP. Clue 2 Hide on bookshelf Plaintext: This is a map that shows it all. It shows the world on one big ball. Location described: Bookshelf Location described: Globe Ciphertext (Caesar cipher, key 4): Clue 3 Hide under globe. Plaintext: The next clue that you can find Is near the place that tells the time. Location described: Clock Ciphertext (times-9 cipher):
21 Teacher-Made Treasure Hunt Answer Key (continued) Clue 4 Hide near clock. Plaintext: As you clean up at the end of the day, This is where things are thrown away. Location described: Garbage can Ciphertext (Keyword cipher, keyword FUNNY, keyletter H): RI PDK TAWRC KE RJ JFW WCV DX JFW VRP, JFUI UI MFWHW JFUCZI RHW JFHDMC RMRP. Clue 5 Hide under garbage can. Plaintext: Sometimes black, sometimes white, This is a board on which to write. Location described: Board Ciphertext (affine cipher, key (21,2)): , , Clue 6 Hide near board. Plaintext: Don t get tired, do not rest. Find treasure under teacher s desk. Location described: Under teacher s desk Ciphertext (affine cipher, key (1,10)): ,
22 Prepare your clue: Make-Your-Own Treasure Hunt Student Instructions 1. With your group, choose a secret place where you will hide a clue. 2. Write a clue that describes the location of your secret place. 3. Encrypt your clue. (Decide with your classmates and teacher whether you will tell the key and cipher or leave that for others to crack.) 4. Make copies of your clue one for each group. Put your copies in an envelope. Write your group s number on your envelope. Directions for hiding your clue: 5. Give your clue envelope to the group whose number is one less than yours. They will hide your clue in their secret location, but they won t read it. (Group 1 gives their clue to the teacher.) 6. Hide the clue prepared by the group whose number is one greater than yours. Hide it in your secret place, but do not read it. (The last group hides the clue prepared by the teacher.)
Workbook. Janet Beissinger and Vera Pless
Workbook The Cryptoclub Using Mathematics to Make and Break Secret Codes Janet Beissinger and Vera Pless Workbook to accompany The Cryptoclub Using Mathematics to Make and Break Secret Codes Janet Beissinger
Answer Key to accompany
to accompany The Cryptoclub Using Mathematics to Make and Break Secret Codes Janet Beissinger Vera Pless A K Peters Wellesley, Massachusetts Editorial, Sales, and Customer Service Office A K Peters, Ltd.
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