ESA activities complementary to. Space Foundations. Space Technology in ESA and Europe. Harald Ernst. 10 September 2008 Prague

Transcription

1 ESA activities complementary to Space Foundations Space Technology in ESA and Europe Harald Ernst 1 1

2 Content Introduction ESA-EC Proactive Coordination on Technology European Space Technology Harmonisation ESA Technology Programmes Technology Development for Exploration Technology for Critical Non-Dependence Conclusions 2 2

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4 Austria Belgium Denmark Finland France Germany Ireland Greece ESA Facts & Figures 30 Years of experience 17 Member states, 1 Associated Member 4 European Co-operating States (ECS) 6 Establishments About 1900 staff 3 Billion budget in Satellites developed 13 Scientific satellites in operation 5 Launchers developed 175 Launches performed Italy Luxembourg Netherlands Norway Portugal Spain Sweden Switzerland United Kingdom 4 4

5 Director of Science and Robotic Exploration Director of Telecom & Integrated Applications David Southwood Magali Vaissière Director of Resources Management Ludwig Kronthaler ESA Organigramme Director General Jean-Jacques Dordain Director of Galileo Programme & Navigation related activities René Oosterlinck Director of Earth Observation Programme Volker Liebig Director of Human Spaceflight Simona di Pippo Director of Legal & External Relations Director of Technical and Quality Management Peter Hulsroj Michel Courtois Director of Launchers Antonio Fabrizi Director of Operations and Infrastructure Gaele Winters 5 5

6 ESA - EC proactive coordination on Space Technology 6 6

7 ESA/EC Coordination on Space Technology Mid-2001 to mid-2004, coordination of technology R&D activities took place through the Working Group on Technology (WGT) of the EC/ESA Joint Task Force (JTF). Throughout 2003 and 2004, the WGT saw an enlarged participation with the attendance of several Commission services, Directorates and different ESA programmes to discuss issues of common interest with impact on space technology R&D. In the Fall of 2003, the result of this cooperation materialised in the conclusions stemming out from the EU-wide consultation exercise on an European Space Policy leading to a White Paper on Space: space technology should be enhanced to meet future needs and the EU should reinforce the total spending in accordance with the European Space Technology Master Plan. In May 2004 The entry into force of the EC/ESA framework agreement of cooperation, led to the creation of a more permanent structure of collaboration, the Joint Secretariat (JS). In 2005 the European Space Technology Platform was established In May 2007, the 4th Space Council welcomed and supported the document on the European Space Policy (ESP). The document states The ESA-led process of harmonising technology development programmes provides transparency on research across Europe and paves the way for improved coordination. 7 7

8 ESA Role EC FP7 Space EC FP7 Space Strengthening Space Foundations Strengthening Space Foundations ESA is supporting EC in the evaluation, negotiation and monitoring of FP7 supported actions for the Strengthening Space Foundations part (e.g. Space Exploration, Space Technology, Vulnerability of Space Assets, ) Agreement on this role excludes the possibility for ESA to act as a coordinator or participate in a proposal in answer to FP7 Space calls, for the Strengthening Space Foundations part. Nevertheless, it has been agreed that ESA will advise Industry, SME s, Research Institutes and Academia on complementarities of the EC calls for proposals, with ESA roadmaps, thus playing a key role in maximising complementarities of ESA and EC activities 8 8

9 Call 2 FP7 Space Foundations text I 9 9

10 Call 2 FP7 Space Foundations text II To address the strategic challenges on space technologies, FP7 intends i to complement current efforts of the space community and to contribute to the European Space Programme. Projects are expected to demonstrate their t complementarity and possible synergies with national agency and ESA funded activities, as well as relevant Harmonised European Space Technology Roadmaps

11 FP7-Space 2 nd Call References to ESA Processes What is meant with Harmonised European Space Technology Roadmaps? What is Harmonisation? What are Technology Roadmaps? 11 11

12 European Space Technology Harmonisation 12 12

13 Space Technology in Europe ELIPS ARTES EGEP D Aurora Core H FLPP EOEP GSTP TRP CTP Other F Fin CZ CND A UK S I NL N PL P RO E CH European Space Institutional Technology R&D average yearly budget of approx. 450M, 13 13

14 ESA Mandate Ministerial Resolution: The Ministerial Council Meeting, in Edinburgh, on November 2001, invited the ESA Director General and the Member States, together with the other players (*) in the space sector, to: (*)including EC Pursue the programmatic coordination and harmonisation of technology programmes in Europe and prepare the European Space Technology Master Plan (ESTMP) Define roadmaps and harmonised implementation schemes for the development of critical technologies, involving industrial funding as appropriate Extract from the European Space Policy: The ESA led- process of harmonising technology development programmes provides transparency on research across Europe and paves the way for improved coordination

15 A Fully Operational European process ESA Long Term Plan ESA Technology Strategy and Long Term Plan European and Worldwide Technology Assessment ESA Programme Needs Technology Push Prioritized technology requirements and roadmaps European Harmonisation National Missions (THAG) ESA Technology Work Plans Technology Monitoring/ Evaluation Industry Consultation Technology Implementation Industrial products Technology Monitoring ESA Technology Plans ESA National Agencies Industry ESTER Data Consolidation National Agencies Technology Plans European Union Plans European Space Technology Master Plan (ESTMP) R&D Activities Harmonised Roadmaps Selection of technologies to harmonise (for the year) -Harmo. WORKPLAN- Technical Dossier Harmonisation Technology Observatory Mapping Meeting (open) Proposed Road-map Road-map Meeting (ESA, Member States, EC) Conclusions &Proceedings 15 Follow-up and Status Report 15 E S T E R Per Technology

16 Available European Instruments The European Space Technology Requirements (ESTER) First issued in 1999 Updated in 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2007 Major update and prioritisation in 2005 and 2007 The Harmonisation process: Started in 2000/2001 with pilot cases Fully operational since 2002 More than 45 technologies harmonised Active participation of all Delegations, more than 800 Professionals from more than 180 organisations The European Space Technology Master Plan (ESTMP) Issued in 2002, 2003 (presented at le Bourget), 2004, 2005 and 2007 Being currently updated Publishing in October

17 European Space Technology Requirements (ESTER) The objective of ESTER is to collect in a single repository and provide a complete view of all envisaged future European Missions and the associated top-level Technology Requirements, including Technology Push

18 > Fill strategic gaps and Minimize unnecessary duplications > Consolidate European Strategic capabilities > Achieve a coordinated and committed European Space Technology Policy and Planning > Ensure continuity and coherence between Technology and Industrial Policies Main Objectives European Space Technology Harmonisation Technology Harmonisation & 18 18

19 How Technology Harmonisation works Participants are ESA Member State Delegations, European Industries and Eurospace and ESA directorates (EC and PECS may be invited as observers) Space Technologies are addressed one at a time (typically 8 per year 2 semesters) The Harmonisation is based on 2 meetings: Technology Mapping Technology Roadmap Agreed Conclusions are endorsed by IPC Complete Proceedings are issued after meetings Technologies are revisited every 3 to 5 years Selection of technologies to harmonise (for the year) - Harmo. WORKPLAN- Technical Dossier Mapping Meeting (open) Per Technology Proposed Road-map Road-map Meeting (ESA, Member States, EC) Conclusions &Proceedings Follow-up and Status Report 19 19

20 > Since end 2005, the European Space Technology Harmonisation evolved into a formal Technology Harmonisation Advisory Group (THAG) reporting to the Industry Policy Committee Technology Harmonisation Advisory Group Technology Harmonisation & 20 20

21 Harmonised Technologies Robotics Cryogenics and Focal Plane Cooling SAR On Board Radio Navigation Receivers Thermal SW tools & Space Environment SW I/F Aerothermodynamics tools Energy Storage (Batteries) Microelectronics Chemical propulsion (Components, Micropropulsion) Electrical Motors Ground Systems SW On Board Computer and Data Systems On Board Payload data processing systems On Board Software TTC transponders and Payload Data Transmitters Pyrotechnics Devices Thermal Heat pipes and Fluid loops Power Management and Distribution Inflatable and deployable structures Solar Arrays Drive Mechanisms Deployable Booms Upper stage propulsion Optical communication for space Microwave Power Breakdown Modelling and Characterisation Antenna Reflectors Hold-down and Separation Systems Critical Microwave RF Payload Technologies Electric Propulsion Technologies Electric Propulsion Pointing Mechanism Solar generators and Solar Cells AOCS Sensors and Actuators High Pressure Tanks and Vessels Components for Electric Propulsion Composite Materials Space Radiation Environment Models and In-orbit Monitors Radiation Test Facilities and Engineering Tools Array Antennas Lidar Critical Solid State Technologies Frequency & Time Generation Fuel Cells Technologies for Optical Remote Passive Instruments Technologies for Passive mm and sub-mm Wave Instruments System Design and Verification Technologies for Formation Flying Metrology 21 21

22 Output of Technology Harmonisation Per Technology addressed: Mapping of the situation inside and outside Europe, including identification of critical issues. Technical Dossiers provides complete overview Technology Roadmaps agreed at European Level with ESA (TEC and Programme Directorates), National Delegations and Industry Recommendations agreed with ESA, National Delegations and Industry Industrial Policy Committee (IPC) endorses all through Conclusions document (1 per Semester) 22 22

23 Contents of the Technical Dossier 1. Introduction 2. Executive Summary 3. Technology Status Overview 3.1. Technology Overview: This section introduces the reader to the technology from a broad point of view, the use of Figures and diagrams is recommended 3.2. Areas Covered by this Technology Dossier: This section sets the boundaries of the systems and subsystems addressed in this document. Reference to the Technology Tree shall be reported here 3.3. Rationale for a Harmonisation of the Technology: This section should address the reason that lead to the selection of this technology for the Harmonisation process (based on Workplan) and describe the advantages of having an overall European Technology Roadmap and how to achieve it Technology State of the Art: This section enters deeper into the technical aspects providing: Technical characteristics of the technology addressed Industry, Research Institutions and other Organisations involved in the Technology (tabular) 3.5. Competitiveness and Benchmarking: This section contains a comparison of the current European industrial situation with a key player (the benchmark) outside Europe 3.6. Technology Trend: The section describes the current and expected mid and long-term technology evolution. It gives an overview of on-going activities, within Europe and outside Technical Dossiers 4. Missions needs and Market perspectives 4.1. Application to missions: This section specifies which mission will benefit from the development of the technology 4.2. Market perspectives: If applicable, defines the application of the technology to the Space commercial market 4.3. European Strategic Interest: This section outlines the strategic relevance of the selected technology having reference to Technology availability Maintaining expertise within Europe Enabling technologies for future missions and/or products Technology non-dependence 4.4. Technology Requirements: This section identifies the requirements that shall be satisfied in order to meet Missions Needs and Market competitiveness. A table matching requirements to needs shall be reported. Technology requirements shall refer explicitly to those documented in Dossier Roadmap 5.1. Summary of the Mapping Meeting 5.2. Development Approach: This section describes the development activities that would satisfy the Technology Requirement 5.3. Schedule: In the form of a bar chart for each activity 5.4. Costs: Table listing activities, budget, technology programme to which the activity belongs or for which it should be proposed and TRL levels Roadmap Implementation Status: To be filled when information is available, and also for revisit cases. 6. Conclusions summarises considerations made during the process 6.1. Conclusions: Conclusions on the Agreed Roadmap 6.2. Actions: Actions stemming from the Roadmap meeting with THAG Annex Market Estimate 23 23

24 European Space Technology Master Plan Objectives: Provide Delegations of ESA Member and Co-operating States, EC, ESA and Industry with synthesis, overview and analysis of European institutional planned technology activities Be a shared instrument to define technology strategy and policy at National and European level Support and reflect the Technology Harmonisation Process Offer a reference to derive next iteration Technology Work Plans of ESA, Member States and EC Provide up-to-date information (living document) Issued in 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005 and Currently being updated Publishing in Fall

25 Worldwide civil space budget USA 63% Others 1% Canada 1% South Korea 1% China 0.5% Directors Subcommittee + HoD TEC Chair EO Chair SCI Chair HME Chair LAU Chair TEL TECNET EO TRP GSTP EOEP TECNET SCI TRP GSTP CTP TECNET HSE TRP GSTP Aurora TECNET Sp. Transp. TRP GSTP FLPP TECNET TEL TRP ARTES India 3% Chair NAV TECNET NAV TRP GNSS Europe 20% Russia 3% Japan 8% Chair TEC TECNET SEC TRP GSTP ESTMP - Content Space Technology Context European Space Technology Coordination Stakeholder and Programmes: ESA, EC, National Programme Chair TEC TECNET GEN TRP GSTP STPs Harmonised European Technology Roadmaps List of Competencies per Country CD-ROM Harmonisation Roadmaps Technical Dossiers Heart Database 25 25

26 Harmonised European Technology Roadmaps Overview on Harmonised Technologies Introduction Link to on-line Harmonisation Document Management System (HDMS) Harmonised Roadmap Technical Dossier on CD 26 26

27 ESA Technology Programmes 27 27

28 ESA Technology Programmes The ESA end-to-end Technology approach is in logic continuation and part of the overall technology management process developed and implemented at European level in answer to Ministerial Council resolutions. Technology is developed in ESA under several programmes: corporate and domain specific, mandatory and optional, with different time horizons and covering different levels of the TRL scale Objective: To undertake well planned coordinated developments with a Long Term horizon to have technology ready at the level required at each stage of the project and thereby identify and mitigate the risks

29 System Test, Launch & Operations System/Subsystem Development Technology Demonstration Technology Development Research to Prove Feasibility Basic Technology Research Technology Readiness Level - TRL ESA&NASA Technology Readiness Levels [1] TRL 9 9 Actual system flight proven through successful mission operations TRL 8 TRL Actual system completed and flight qualified through test and demonstration (Ground or Flight) System prototype demonstration in a space environment TRL 6 TRL 5 TRL 4 TRL 3 TRL System/subsystem model or prototype demonstration in a relevant environment (Ground or Space) Component and/or breadboard validation in relevant environment Component and/or breadboard validation in laboratory environment Analytical and experimental critical function and/or characteristic proof-ofconcept Technology concept and/or application formulated 1 TRL 1 Basic principles observed and reported 29 29

30 ESA Technology R&D programmes Technology Programmes versus Technology Readiness Levels Mandatory TRL Technology concept formulated TRP / ITI Experimental critical function and /or proof of concept Component and/ or breadboard validation in laboratory Component and/ or breadboard validation in relevant environment System / subsystem model or prototype demonstration in a relevant environment System prototype demonstration in a space environment Actual system completed and Flight Qualified through test and demonstration (Ground or Space) Actual system Flight Proven through successful mission operations Main Service domains Generic/ Multi- domains CTP Science GSTP Generic/ Multi- domains EOEP Earth Observation ARTES Telecommunications Optional GNSS Evolution Navigation FLPP Space transportation Aurora Human spaceflight and Exploration Preparation Focus Potential Extension 30 30

31 ESA Technology R&D programmes ELIPS GNSS CTP TRP ARTES Aurora GSTP FLPP EOEP Budget distribution of Technology R&D by ESA Programmes (2008 budget) 31 31

32 ESA Technology end to end process Drive the technology programmes by requirements along five main objectives: Preparing and maturing technologies for future projects Supporting industry s competitiveness in the global markets Ensuring European non-dependence on critical technologies Exploiting synergies with non-space sectors, favouring the spin-in of non-space technologies Stimulating technology innovation Integrate the different ESA technology programmes within a consistent overall technology planning process Render the ESA technology process more transparent, coordinated and efficient 32 32

33 Relevant ESA Technology Developments 33 33

34 Relevant ESA Technology Developments Status as of now Ministerial Decisions in Council in November will have impact on the future of the programmes and missions 34 34

35 Exomars Columbus, ATV 2008 Participation to International Human Lunar Exploration Moon Mission ISS Exploitation / Utilisation Mars Sample Return MSR PreCursor 2013 Overall Timescale Exploration To be Decided at the ESA Ministerial Council Technology Harmonisation & 35 35

36 Exploration Programme ESA s s first Mars Rover: ExoMars, targeted for launch in

37 Technology Development for Exploration in Aurora Initiated in 2001: long-term objective prepare European long-term participation in first human Mars mission Road-mapping & system studies: Identification of key capabilities & technologies Identification of milestone missions: ExoMars, Mars Sample Return (MSR) Preliminary technology development Ministerial Council 2005 Approval of ExoMars as first Aurora Programme mission Approval of Aurora Core Programme: Preparation for Mars Sample Return (MSR) Preparation of future human exploration, focussing on Moon Ministerial Council 2008 Preparing to propose next steps for Moon & Mars exploration

38 ESA Technology R&D programmes Exploration Technologies in Development The range of technologies in which Europe is involved in preparation for future contributions to space exploration are diverse, and include: Soft-precision landing, including autonomous navigation and hazard avoidance; Autonomous rendezvous and capture/docking; Bio-sealing and monitoring technologies; Planetary protection aspects; Robotics / specific mechanisms; Power and propulsion systems Life support and recycling systems; Long-term habitability module design, psychological effects; Radiation protection, countermeasures against prolonged exposure to micro-gravity effects, health monitoring; More see

39 Exploration Technology in ESA 39 39

40 Critical Technology 40 40

41 Background Critical Technology Definition Non-dependence refers to the possibility for Europe to have free, unrestricted access to any required space technology. Independence would imply that all needed space technologies are developed in Europe. This is not the objective targeted. European Space Policy STRESSES the need for a targeted approach for the development of strategic components, concentrating on selected critical components, for which dependency of European industry on international suppliers should be avoided 41 41

42 ESA Perspective Non-Dependence is part of ESA 5 Top level Technology Strategic Objectives: A. Prepare and enable future European space programmes B. Foster innovation in architectures of space systems, identification of disruptive technologies, developments of new concepts C. Support competitiveness of industry in the European institutional markets and in the global commercial markets D. Ensure European Technology non-dependence /ensure the availability of European sources for critical technologies E. Leverage technological progresses and innovations, outside the space sector to use and adapt them to design new space systems (spin-in); Foster technology transfer for space to non-space applications (spinoff)

43 EC-ESA ESA-EDA EDA Event on Critical Technologies EC organised with ESA and EDA a high profile event with the key actors (Members States, EC, ESA, EDA, Industry) as a major step toward a harmonised Europe-wide approach to Critical Space Technologies for European Strategic Non-Dependence One day Workshop in Brussels on 9th September with: Political Morning with high level keynote speakers from EC, ESA, EDA and Industry. Opening speech by Dr. Weissenberg, Director Aerospace, GMES, Security and Defence, DG Enterprise and Industry, EC, followed by a keynote speech by Mr. J.-J. Dordain, EC DG, and Mr. E. Dudok, Eurospace President. Two consecutive Workshop sessions: A session focusing on policy issues and other means to strengthen European nondependence, chaired by Mr. Schulte-Braucks, EC A session focusing on Methodology for Identifying a common list of Critical Technologies for European Non-Dependence, chaired by M. Courtois, ESA 43 43

44 Critical Technologies Call Text These include in particular: Digital components with a focus on deep sub-micron technology, high capacity reprogrammable gate arrays, high speed digital/analogue and analogue/digital converters and high speed serial links and next generation space qualified microprocessors. Microwave components, with a focus on Gallium Nitride technologies, Schottky diodes for high-frequency applications

45 New EU Member States / Associated Countries Call Text Coordination and Support Actions: Foster the establishment of strong and long-term relations between firms, institutions and universities from Associated States and wellestablished and well-experienced European space organisations; Address specific niche markets, in particular with respect to European non-dependence for critical space technologies; Have a future potential for a continuous and sustainable contribution in major on-going and planned European space programmes

46 ESA Role EC FP7 Space EC FP7 Space Strengthening Space Foundations Strengthening Space Foundations Agreement on this role excludes the possibility for ESA to act as a coordinator or participate in a proposal in answer to FP7 Space calls, for the Strengthening Space Foundations part. Nevertheless, it has been agreed that ESA will advise Industry, SME s, Research Institutes and Academia on complementarities of the EC calls for proposals, with ESA roadmaps, thus playing a key role in maximising complementarities of ESA and EC activities 46 46

47 Contacts For getting access to ESTER and the Harmonisation Documents, please send an to esa.int esa.int For a copy of the ESTMP please contact ESTMP@ esa.int 47 47

48 Conclusions Technology is a challenging and rewarding subject An European perspective to avoid duplication of activities and ensure coherence between the space activities of EC, ESA and Member States is a requisite The European Space Technology Harmonisation Process and its instruments have been established to provide the necessary transparency on the research across Europe, paving the way forward to an improved coordination 48 48

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