Construction & Resource Utilization explorer (CRUX): Regolith Characterization using a Modular Instrument Suite and Analysis Tools
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1 International Lunar Conference September 18-23, 2005 Toronto, Canada The Exploration and Utilization of the Moon International Lunar Exploration Working Group Construction & Resource Utilization explorer (CRUX): Regolith Characterization using a Modular Instrument Suite and Analysis Tools J.B.Johnson, W.V.Boynton, K. Davis,R. Elphic, B. Glass, A.F.C. Haldemann, F.W. Adams
2 Technology Maturation for Lunar & Planetary Surface Operations A NASA technology maturation project (Started May, 2005) to provide critical technology for a return to the Moon and later planetary exploration. Take instruments from lower technology levels to TRL-6; demonstrated in near lunar environmental conditions. The current focus is to operate under near-lunar conditions, but taking into account Mars requirements in the future. System Test, Launch & Mission Operations System/ Subsystem Development Technology Demonstration Technology Development Research to Prove Feasibility Basic Technology Research H&RT Technology Maturation Model TRL 9 TRL 8 TRL 7 TRL 6 TRL 5 TRL 4 TRL 3 TRL 2 TRL 1 Basic Research e.g., S, U, NSF, NIH Advanced Space Technology Research Technology Push e.g., T, U, Other Agencies Technology Maturation Capability- Focused Technology and Demo Programs Applications Pull e.g., T and S, Y, U (Enterprise- Unique) System Development Projects & Programs (e.g., CEV, Lunar Orbiter) e.g., T, S Specific Flight System Ø-C/D Projects Flight Mission Projects (e.g., Lunar Orbiter Mission) Specific Flight Missions
3 CRUX Partners Ames Research Center
4 CRUX Objectives Deliver an Semi-Autonomous Integrated and Modular Prototype System of Instruments at TRL 6 to Characterize Lunar & Planetary Regolith Properties for Lunar & Planetary Surface Operations (LPSO) In Situ Resource Utilization (ISRU) Construction Mobility Platforms Environmental Management
5 CRUX Architecture Prospector Borehole Instruments Surveyor Geophysical Instruments Stereo-Pair Surface Imagery Satellite: Legacy & Future Data Compatible with other data & software Mapper-DSS Data Integration and Fusion; Decision Support
6 CRUX Components Prospector Surveyor Subsurface Access System (SAS), TRL-4/5 Thermal Analyzer/ Evolved Gas Analyzer (TA)/(TEGA) TRL-3 Electric Properties Probe(EPP), TRL-3/4 Mechanical Properties Tester (MPT), TRL-2/3 Sample Handling System (SHS), TRL-4 Drilling Borehole Neutron Probe (BNeuP, TRL-5 Thermal Conductivity & Diffusivity Probe (TCDP), TRL-2/3 Down Hole Camera (DCAM), TRL-2/3 Drill Segments Executive Control Software Instrument Deployment Platform Surface Neutron Probe (SNeuP), TRL-5 Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), TRL-4 Stereo Camera (Virtual) (VRCAM), NA Seismic Profiler (SEIP), TRL-4
7 Prospector Functions Instrument SAS (Honeybee) SHS (Honeybee) TA/TEGA (U. AZ) DCAM (JPL) EPP (JPL) BNeuP (LANL) TCDP (CRREL) MPT (CRREL) Function Drill to 2 m; Deliver Instruments & SHS Acquire Regolith Samples for the TA Regolith Thermal Conductivity & Diffusivity Regolith Layering, Texture, and Grain Properties; View Ice Detect Ice; Regolith Layering and Dielectric Properties Hydrogen/Depth Distribution Receive Regolith Sample & Evolve Gas for Gas Analyzer (TDR/Mass Spec.) Regolith Chemistry Shear Index & Regolith compaction
8 Prospector Instrument Prototypes SAS SHS BNeuP TCDP EPP 2.54-cm MPT TA Four-Probe DCAM Shear Indentation
9 Surveyor Functions Instrument SEIP (CRREL/JPL) GPR (JPL) SNeuP (LANL) RCAM (JPL) Function Complement Borehole Data; Regolith Strength, Density, Stratigraphy Complement Borehole Data, High Resolution Subsurface Profiles Near Surface Bulk Hydrogen Detection, Complement Borehole Data Surface Features & Topography
10 Surveyor Instrument Prototypes SNeuP SEIP - Seismometer Virtual DCAM GPR
11 TRL-6 Test Chamber Development Sealed Regolith Vacuum Chamber ~ 5x2 meters Target Specifications Top-Hat chamber 2-m Deep Simulant Chamber Well Beneath 70 K Sky Temperature ~40 K simulant Cooling Plates ~10-6 Torr Vacuum KSC
12 CRUX Executive Controller Integrates & Controls Heterogeneous Instruments & Subsystems Built on the Common Object Request Brokering Architecture Allowing Communication Across Different Platforms and Operating Systems Built on the Mars Astrobiology Research and Technology Experiment (MARTE) Instrument Interface (MInI) Achieves Instrument Modularity & integration Ames
13 Mapper/DSS Architecture GIS Based Software for Acquisition, Management, Display, and Analysis of CRUX and other Lunar & Planetary Data Service Oriented Architecture Standards Based Interoperable With a Diverse Set of distributed Client Software (e.g., ESRI ArcGIS & NASA SAP) All-Hands Scenario Driven Architecture ERDC-CRREL
14 Accomplishments Instruments & Drill Drill tests in 10% H C; percussive/ rotary with variable RPM/bits Drill design study well progressed & BNeuP integrated into SAS SHS/TA concept defined; Volatile/drill study in progress Mini-GPR prototype modified & successfully tested KSC test chamber design concept determined & vacuum pumps in dirty environment evaluated BNeuP & SNeuP tests conducted; additional tests in October Prospector Instrument designs & integration concept defined - prototypes in progress for EPP, MPT, DCAM, TCDP Mapper/DSS Architecture Defined and Under Development Using a Lunar-Polar Hydrogen /Water Mapping/DSS Scenario & Apollo 17 data Reviewed by SAC, All-Hands & NASA CoTAR
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