Scientific and technical support to nuclear and radiation safety regulatory authorities and international cooperation in this field

Transcription

1 Scientific and technical support to nuclear and radiation safety regulatory authorities and international cooperation in this field Uwe Stoll, Technical and Scientific Managing Director of GRS The 11 th International Public Forum-Dialogue, Nov 21 23, 2016, Moscow Nuclear Energy, Environment, Safety 2016

2 Introduction of German Society for Plant and Reactor Safety (GRS) 11th International Public Forum-Dialogue Moscow

3 Fields of activity Gesellschaft für Anlagen- und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS) mbh is a nonprofit, nongovernmental and independent research and safety expert organization. The focus of our work is on nuclear safety and radiation protection. Reactor safety Nuclear waste management In this field, GRS has been Germany s leading expert organization since Our special strength is the consistent linkage of research and development with the work as authorized experts. Radiation & environmental protection Final disposal 11th International Public Forum-Dialogue Moscow Nov

4 GRS Facts & Figures GRS staff: Approximately 440 staff at 4 German company locations Among them, approx. 310 experts in physics, engineering, geology, chemistry, meteorology, biology, computer science, mathematics, and jurisprudence. Managing Directors: Uwe Stoll Hans J. Steinhauer Supervisory Board: 12 members, delegated by shareholders Subsidiary: (founded in 1992 as EEIG, European Economic Interest Grouping) owned equally with French TSO IRSN, headquarter in Paris provides consultancy and project management services in the field of nuclear safety and security for EC 11th International Public Forum-Dialogue Moscow Nov

5 GRS Facts & Figures (2) Non-profit organisation, predominantly state-owned Federal Republic of Germany (46 %) North Rhine-Westphalia & Bavaria (4 % each) Financed through public financed contracts (80%) and international projects (20%) turnover in 2015: approx. 60 million BMUB/ BfS 45,6 % BMWi/ BMBF/ AA 34,5 % EU/EBRD other 19,9 % Technical inspection agencies (TÜV) + Germanischer Lloyd (46 % together) GRS It is certified according to DIN ISO 9001:2015, DIN ISO and DIN ISO th International Public Forum-Dialogue Moscow Nov

6 TSO role in the Nuclear Sector History shows that a high intensity of regulatory supervision, supported by technical expert assessment based on the state-of-the-art scientific and technical level is mandatory to achieve an international accepted level of nuclear safety. This requirement stipulates the main tasks of Technical Safety Organizations (TSO): GRS should be able to answer any question related to nuclear safety and security today and in the future Main condition of activities: Independency in work and expertise 11th International Public Forum-Dialogue Moscow Nov

7 The Nuclear Licensing and Supervising System in GER: Involved Institutions Advisory Commissions RSK*, SSK*, ESK* Scientific Technical Support Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety (BMUB) Federal Office for Radiation Protection GRS state supervision legislation process Federal States Committee for Nuclear Energy Independent Inspectors TÜV Licensing and Regulatory Body State Authorities RSK: Reactor Safety Commission SSK: Radiation Protection Commission ESK: Disposal Commission Applicant, presentation of operational reports Utility Vendor 11th International Public Forum-Dialogue Moscow

8 National Activities Nuclear Safety Research Scientific Technical Support 11th International Public Forum-Dialogue Moscow

9 Main contribution to Regulatory Bodies Evaluation of operating experience from German and foreign nuclear power plants, preparing Information notices, expert assessments, statements, generic reports, GRS provides IRS coordinator and INES officer for Germany Assessment of generic safety issues (e.g. sump clogging, boron dilution), e.g. by safety analyses of nuclear reactors Further development of nuclear safety regulation Advice in plant security Operation of Technical Emergency Centre supporting BMUB in case of nuclear or radiological events worldwide Training of authority staff: trainee-program, special courses 11th International Public Forum-Dialogue Moscow Nov

10 National Activities Nuclear Safety Research Scientific Technical Support 11th International Public Forum-Dialogue Moscow

11 Reactor Safety Research: GRS Simulation Tools for Safety Analyses Detailed 3D-Analyses of RCS and Containment Reactor Core Physics, Depletion, etc. as well coupled with ATHLET Detailed Analyses of Containment under Accident Conditions Integral Severe Accident Analyses Coupled Analyses of RCS and Containment Detailed Analyses of Accident in RCS and SFP ANSYS Mech. Component and Building Structural Integrity due to Loads from Accidents and External Events Mechanical / thermal Loads on Fuel Rods 11th International Public Forum-Dialogue Moscow Nov

12 max. fuel rod cladding temperature [ C] Example 2: Uncertainty and Sensitivity Analyses Safety assessment typical: conservative calculation methods and conservative initial- and boundary conditions conservative value result of the conservative calculation temperature time new: consideration of uncertainties best-estimate simulations using realistic initial- and boundary conditions parameters state of knowledge simulation program Sub models distribution of the simulation results variation of model parameters, initial- and boundary conditions according to the state/uncertainty of knowledge result: spectrum of results, which allows to derive 95%/95% tolerance limits Sensitivity analyses for distributed parameters Current RSK-statement 11th International Public Forum-Dialogue Moscow acceptance criteria 95%/95% - tolerance limit best-estimate (without uncertainties) conservative calculation time [s] simulation result of a 2A-break with a generic PWR-model

13 Safety Research in Waste Disposal Main research topics Development and improvement of methods for safety assessment scenario development (future climatic transitions, natural analogue studies) safety performance indicators study of THMC-behavior of geological formation and geotechnical barriers lab/in-situ investigations and modeling Different rock formations Code development for integrated performance assessments drift emplacement rock canister storage in boreholes sketch of a repository for heat generating waste 11th International Public Forum-Dialogue Moscow

14 11th International Public Forum-Dialogue Moscow International Activities

15 International Commitment - International cooperation and collaboration for transfer of knowledge and methods - Synergy of using and enhancing competence of leading organisations - Harmonisation of safety requirements 11th International Public Forum-Dialogue Moscow

16 International Activities: Landscape EU / East + INSC-Cooperation Bilateral Projects Research Collaboration 11th International Public Forum-Dialogue Moscow

17 Some international projects aiming to enhance nuclear safety in neighborhood countries are financed by German government funds. Here, one of the emphases since the early 1990s has been on projects in Central and Eastern Europe. In these projects, we support foreign regulatory authorities by providing advisory assistance, by know-how transfer or by dealing with specific problems as experts in the respective fields. Strong involvement of GRS is given in numerous projects within the framework of international programmes and projects financed by the EU and international institutions, such as the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) as well as IAEA and OECD/NEA. TSO-related services and competences are provided to foreign authorities and TSOs, e.g. UK, NL, UKR and China (Cooperation in the field of passive safety systems; support and training for GRS codes) International commitment 11th International Public Forum-Dialogue Moscow Nov

18 Foreign authorities (example) GRS fulfils the functions of a TSO for the Dutch regulator Autoriteit Nucleaire Veiligheid en Stralingsbescherming, supporting it i.a. in the safety-related assessment of the Borssele NPP as well as in the drafting of safety requirements for NPP and research reactors. (Source: EPZ) British Office of Nuclear Regulation (ONR)draws on the expertise of GRS when it comes to assessment of new reactor concepts. Technical Support to Perform Independent Confirmatory Analysis of UK ABWR Design Basis Reactor Faults - ATHLET Model in the course of the GDA process Step 4 Provision of Support on Internal Hazards Safety Assessment of the UK ABWR as Part of the Step 4 Generic Design Assessment (GDA) Programme e. g. Barrier Substantiation and Exceptions to Segregation, Internal Fire, Internal Flooding, Pipe Whip and Jet Impact, Dropped and Collapsed Loads, Internal Missiles, Internal Blast / Internal Explosion 11th International Public Forum-Dialogue Moscow Nov

19 Scientific-technical cooperation on nuclear safety and radiation protection between SEC NRS and GRS (twelve directions of work), e.g. o o o o o o Development of analytical models for modern VVER and for liquid metal cooled reactors Information exchange on the usability of tools to review safety documentation Analysis of severe accidents for VVER-440 and VVER-1000 Neutron-kinetic analysis for transients and accidents in RBMKs Integrity and lifetime assessments for NPP components Information exchange on topics for radiation and transport safety, decommisioning and spent fuel management Workshops and experience exchange between GRS and their partners in CIS, MEES and Central Asia on nuclear safety related topics Scientific-technical cooperation with ROSATOM institutions on software tools to provide deterministic safety analysis for VVER, including participation in international benchmarks and scientific seminars on simulation programs and VVER analysis, e.g. o o o o Further development of the common code package ATHLET/BIPR-WWER Uncertainty analysis for ATHLET and KORSAR ATHLET validation analysis based on integral test facility KS of Kurchatov Institute GRS code users meetings Cooperation with Rostechnadzor, SEC NRS and other Russian institutions 11th International Public Forum-Dialogue Moscow Nov

20 International Activities: Global Networking for Nuclear Safety and Security Connect, communicate and collaborate: a worldwide gateway to help countries build a smarter, safer planet Mission: Mission 11th International Public Forum-Dialogue Moscow

21 International Activities: Global Networking for Nuclear Safety and Security R E G N E T Mission 11th International Public Forum-Dialogue Moscow

22 International Activities: Networking of TSOs TSO Forum (IAEA) Members (16): BEL V, GRS, IRSN, AMEC-FW, CV Rez, ENEA, INRNE-BAS, JSI, LEI, MTA-EK, PSI, VUJE, VTT, Associated: SSTC NRS, JNES, SEC NRS Form of Cooperation: Association under French law Activities: - Harmonisation of safety assessment - Coordination and initiation of research activities - Several Expert groups - Initiator of IAEA TSO forum - Junior Staff Programme Members: All IAEA-member states with TSO are invited to join. Form of Cooperation: Part of the GNSSN-Platform, Terms of Reference Activities: - Encourage open dialogue and sharing of scientific and technical information among TSOs worldwide - IAEA acts as secretariat Members (19): ETSON Members (16) and authorities from Sweden, The Netherlands and Spain (3) Form of Cooperation: Terms of Reference Activities: - Eurosafe Forum / Tribune / Newsletter - Programme Committee 11th International Public Forum-Dialogue Moscow

23 11th International Public Forum-Dialogue Moscow Summary

24 Summary In general, GRS provides to the government assistance in maintaining and continuously developing the knowledge base and the associated items like computer codes, methods, and data; expert advise and support in all issues related to nuclear safety; sufficient education and training capacity. To fulfill these functions GRS identifies issues that require further research and development; performs independent research and is involved in research collaboration; performs safety-related assessments; analyzes generic issues and provides expert opinions in licensing and supervisory procedures; evaluates operating experiences; further develops safety requirements; is part of TSO networking (ETSON, TSO Forum, OECD NEA etc. ). 11th International Public Forum-Dialogue Moscow