Stand. Workbook. Bachillerato. Rod Fricker Cathy Myers

Transcription

1 Stand 2 Workbook Bachillerato Rod Fricker Cathy Myers

2 Contents Unit 0 Tense Revision 5 Unit 1 Is it good for us? 9 Unit 2 Secret worlds 17 Unit 3 Express yourself 25 Unit 4 Good progress? 33 Unit 5 Why risk it? 41 Unit 6 Home and away 49 Word list 57 Portfolio Can do statements 64 Practise on your own 68

3 Unit 4 Good progress? Language in Use Grammar The Passive 1 Change the sentences into the Passive by making the underlined word or phrase the subject of the sentence Use by only if necessary 1 A taxi took them to the airport They were taken to the airport by taxi 2 The company hasn t offered me the job 3 They didn t choose you for the team 4 When are they going to pay me my money? 5 When I got my dog, no one had trained him 6 Somebody had broken this computer before I bought it 7 Someone was giving the new students a tour of the school 18 What is the most important invention ever? Most people would say the wheel or electricity However, our lives have been made / have made 1 more comfortable by many other inventions The ancient Chinese gave / were given 2 us toothpaste Think what your teeth would be like without it And can you imagine if the flushing toilet hadn t invented / hadn t been invented 3? The first one was made / made 4 by Alexander Cummins in 1775, although some say the Chinese had made / had been made 5 one 2,000 years before People have always wanted to make themselves look beautiful and the first lipstick dates from ancient Babylon They used / were used 6 coloured stones but Cleopatra s beautiful red lips were the result of crushed beetles and red ants Tasty! She probably wasn t able to see herself in a mirror as the mirror didn t invent / wasn t invented 7 until later by the Romans For men, shaving was a dangerous activity until 1880 when the safety razor was designed / designed 8 8 Many students take this English exam every year a 2 a) Match the inventions to the pictures 1 safety razor 2 toothpaste 3 lipstick 4 flushing toilet b c b) Read the text and choose the correct option d 33

4 Language in Use 3 Transform the active questions into the Passive 1 Is globalisation affecting the country of Bhutan? Is Bhutan being affected by globalisation? 2 Must people wear traditional dress when they are in public? Must traditional dress? 3 Does the government protect Bhutan s culture and customs? Are Bhutan s culture and customs? 4 Do they have to build all new buildings in the traditional style? Do all new buildings? 5 Have they banned smoking in public? Has smoking in public? 6 Did many tourists visit Bhutan last year? Was? Passive gerund and infinitive 4 a) Write G (gerund) or I (infinitive) next to the following verbs 1 don t mind 2 hope 3 manage 4 need 5 get used to 6 hate 7 expect 8 risk b) Complete the sentences with the correct passive forms of the verbs in brackets 1 I don t mind being asked (ask) to work late 2 I hope (give) more time for this project 3 How did you manage (choose) for the school team? You re terrible at football 4 My brother needs (show) what to do He can t work out anything for himself 5 I m getting used (tell) what to do 6 I hate (forced) to go clothes shopping by my girlfriend 7 Do you expect (pay) for such poor work? 8 You risk (kill) every time you go on that motorbike 5 Use the words in capitals to rewrite the sentences so that they mean the same 1 You must switch off the light at night BE The light at night 2 I want them to tell me if this is wrong TOLD I want if this is wrong 3 Two men were looking at the machine while we were there LOOKED The machine while we were there 4 The police questioned the girl about the robbery BY The girl 5 They are building a new football stadium in our town BEING A new football stadium 6 They have converted the old stadium into a theatre HAS The old stadium Passive with reporting verbs 6 Report the sentences in the Passive in two different ways 1 Everybody knows that the natural world is in danger It is known that the natural world is in danger The natural world is known to be in danger 2 Experts say that sea levels are rising It Sea levels 3 We expect that oil prices will continue to rise It Oil prices 4 People think that biofuels are an alternative to oil It Biofuels 5 Everyone knows that the Earth s resources are finite It The Earth s resources 34

5 Unit 4 Have something done 7 Complete the sentences with the correct verb and have something done repair test wash paint cut 1 The car is covered in mud I ll it 2 The TV s broken again We must it 3 Mathew can t see He needs to his hair 4 I think Grandpa is going deaf Perhaps he should his ears 5 We re not going on holiday this year We re the house 35

6 Reading The environment Arrested For Helping The Environment 1 Drivers that consume alcohol can get into a lot of trouble But what if the car is the one consuming the alcohol? While oil prices continue to rise and the possibility of oil running out becomes more and more likely, alternative fuels are being developed from many different sources Generally made from corn or sugar cane, ethanol (sometimes called grain alcohol) is one of the most common The ethanol used for motor fuel is denatured, which means poison has been added so people can t drink it However, as the following story shows, it appears that it can 2 still get you into trouble In August 2006, French farmer Olivier Lainé was driving along the road in Normandy when he was stopped by the police and arrested He was told that he had been stopped because he had used petrol from crops that he grew on his land Although he was allowed to use the fuel on his own land, he didn t have a licence to use it on the road In these days of global warming and high energy prices, it may be surprising to hear that you can be arrested for doing something which is good for the environment 3 At the same time that Olivier was having problems, the oil company, Total, announced that they had developed a new fuel which would be made up of a mixture of petroleum-based and plant-based oils They claimed that, using this fuel, carbon dioxide emissions would be reduced by twenty percent The government could decide to lower or even eliminate the taxes on this new petrol in order to encourage people to use it but, judging from the reaction in the Olivier Lainé case, it seems that the new fuel will become another source of tax revenue 1 Before you read the text make sure you understand the following definition tax: an amount of money that you must pay to the government according to your income, property, goods, etc, and that is used to pay for public services 2 Read the text and answer the questions in your own words 1 Why are alternative fuels becoming more common? 2 What is ethanol? 3 Why did the police arrest Olivier Lainé? 4 What has the oil company Total developed? 5 What does the writer think will happen regarding tax on the new fuel? 3 Write questions for the following answers 1 What? Corn or sugar 2 Who? A French farmer 3 Where? In Normandy 4 How much? Twenty percent 4 Match the definitions with words or expressions from the text 1 using all of something and not having any more left (paragraph 1) 2 a substance that makes you ill if you eat or drink it (paragraph 1) 3 a plant such as wheat or rice that is grown by farmers (paragraph 2) 4 an increase in world temperatures (paragraph 2) 5 a gas that is sent into the air (paragraph 3) 36

7 Writing Unit 4 1 Read the essay and choose the correct answer The writer is in favour / not in favour of downloaded music 2 Read the essay again and write the phrases below in the correct place (a-d) 1 I believe it is the preferred option 2 many people still prefer to buy CDs 3 The question is 4 The benefits of 3 Choose the correct connectors (1 5) to complete the essay 4 Match sentence beginnings (1-5) to endings (a-e) 1 Despite the security risks, 2 Even though going to a shop takes more time, 3 Certain items are frequently bought on line, 4 Online shopping takes less time, 5 Conventional shopping can be very tiring a for instance, plane tickets and hotel reservations b and what is more, online shops never close c more and more people are shopping online d many people prefer to see what they are buying e On the other hand, for some, shopping is an enjoyable social activity 5 Use the sentences in Exercise 4 to help you write an essay for and against online shopping > Downloaded music is better than buying CDs The music industry has changed dramatically since 2001 when Apple launched itunes Sales of CDs have fallen rapidly a which is the best way to collect music buying CDs or downloading? downloaded music are obvious An MP3 player can hold hundreds of songs which can be taken with you wherever you go However / b Although / Moreover 1, you can choose exactly which songs you want and don t have to pay for album tracks that you don t like In addition / Nevertheless / On the other hand 2, it is quicker to buy online than to go to a CD shop Despite / Although / In fact 3 these arguments, c They claim that they love looking through rows of CDs, seeing the colourful covers and strange names of bands they have never heard of They also argue that for instance / in spite / although 4 you might not like a particular track, it may be a vital part of an album In spite of / All in all / Even though 5, as I see it, downloaded music is here to stay as it is cheaper and more practical than buying CDs d and among most young people Beth 37

8 Communication Listening 1 41 Read the questions Then listen to the dialogue and choose the correct option 1 The dialogue is a a conversation between friends b a radio programme c a history class 2 The term Luddite is used today to describe someone who a is anti-technology b doesn t have a computer c loves technology 3 The Industrial Revolution took place in a the 20 th century b the 17 th century c the 18 th and 19 th century 4 The working conditions in the factories were a comfortable b hard c old-fashioned 2 6 The government responded by a putting the Luddites in prison b building new factories in Australia c threatening to execute the Luddites who attacked factories 7 Ned Ludd a may be a fictional character b was probably executed c was sent to Australia 42 Complete the sentences from the dialogue with the correct Passive form of the verbs in brackets Then listen and check 1 Many factories (build) and many machines (invent) 2 An organisation called the Luddites (set up) in the town of Nottingham 3 So a new law (pass) which said that if you attacked a factory or a machine you could (execute) 4 Seventeen members (execute) and the rest (send) to Australia 5 The Luddites protested by a killing the factory owners b stopping work c attacking the factories 38

9 Language in Use Unit 4 Vocabulary Word list activate aerial alarm clock analyst badly-paid badly-written biofuel boarding card bodyguard burglar alarm convincing credit card crop cut off decrease (v) / a decrease in (n) despite destructive device dirt dishwasher double (v) download (v) emission endanger energy-saving ethanol execute existence external factory film star first class football stadium frozen food fuel global warming globalisation good-looking gradual guided tour halve (v) host (v) housework identity card increase (v) / an increase in (n) in spite of ironing board isolation kingdom launch (v, n) left-handed lifestyle lipstick machine modernisation non-stop oil prices online shopping outsider part-time poison pop star profound protection radio-controlled rapid razor remote resources restricted revenue right-handed running shoes run out rural scenery service provider sewing machine soap opera solar-powered spicy stream (of programmes) tax technophobe time-saving tin opener tiny toothpaste transmitter vacuum cleaner washing machine well-known well-made well-paid working conditions wrestling 1 Label the pictures using the correct word from the Word list a b c d e f 2 a) Make compound nouns with a word from list A and a word from list B Then check the meaning in your dictionary, if necessary A boarding burglar washing writing vacuum soap lawn B alarm mower card paper cleaner machine opera b) Complete the sentences with the correct compound noun from Exercise 2a 1 Nobody can enter this part of the airport without a 2 We ve got a big garden so I have bought an electric to cut the grass 3 I couldn t sleep because someone s was ringing all night 4 I don t think I ll use this I never write letters anymore 5 Our is broken at the moment I have nothing clean to wear to school 6 This is specially made to clean inside the car 7 One of the most popular on British TV is called Eastenders 39

10 Language in Use 3 Complete the text with one word from the Word list in each gap Extend your vocabulary Dear Sir / Madam, Have you ever thought how difficult life is for 1 people? Shall I tell you why? Well, in my kitchen, I ve got all the usual time 2 devices but they are all designed 3 for people Many items, for instance 4 scissors and are difficult for me to use Does your company not realise that there is a large market for those who don t use their right hands? Yours faithfully, Greg Menzies 4 Complete the text with the correct forms of the words in capital letters Green Growth What is wrong with mankind? Why 1 are we so (DESTROY)? 2 Why do we (DANGER) plants and animals, and even threaten 3 the (EXIST) of entire species? We need to give such species 4 (PROTECT) from the 5 negative effects of (MODERN) This doesn t mean that we are against 6 (GLOBE) completely We understand that no country can 7 live in (ISOLATE) There 8 are some (CONVINCE) arguments for being part of the world community However, if we go on destroying the planet, we will all suffer in the end Make your voice heard Join GREEN GROWTH today! 1 Make compound words with a word from box A and a word from box B and match them to definitions (1-9) A B solar dry oven legged fitting glove mineral long hand money powered water pocket tight energy saving cleaning made 1 Something that uses the power of the sun s light and heat 2 A device that does not consume much electricity 3 Children often get this from their parents to spend on whatever they like 4 You can use this to describe somebody whose legs are very long 5 This is a process of washing materials without using water 6 Clothes which are not loose could be described as this 7 You should wear this when you are holding hot things in the kitchen 8 Things which are not made by machinery but by an individual can be described as this 9 Water which comes in a bottle 40