IN THE NAME OF GOD. Instrumentation Term Project. Supervised By: Dr. Hamid D. Taghirad
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1 IN THE NAME OF GOD Instrumentation Term Project Supervised By: Dr. Hamid D. Taghirad
2 Magnetic position sensor Ehsan Peymani Golnaz Habibi
3 Magnetic Sensor
4 Feature of Magnetic Sensors Advantage - Contact less - Unaffected by Contamination Disadvantage - affected by other magnetic field
5 Position sensing ( all types ) Capacitive Eddy current Optical Inductive Resistive Sonar Laser Magnetic
6 All Types of Magnetic Position Sensor Hall effect sensor Magnetostrictive Magnetoresistive Base on Seismic theory Reed switch Synchro & Resolver Inductosyn Magnesyn Magnetic encoder LVDT & RVDT
7 Special application Compassing GPS navigation Vehicle detection
8 Special application Compassing
9 Special application Compassing
10 Special application Compassing
11 Special application GPS navigation
12 Special application GPS navigation
13 Special application Vehicle detection
14 Special application Vehicle detection
15 Special application Vehicle direction
16 Smart position sensor
17 Smart position sensor Specifications : Magnetostrictive LDT Small & Inexpensive Linearity+/- 0.05% of Stroke Accuracy+/- 0.1% of Stroke Repeatability+/- 0.01% of full stroke Operating Temperature-20 to 70 C Programmable
18 Hall Effect Sensor Hall effect : Dr. Edvin Hall, 1879 Johns Hopkins University Hall sensor : Joe Maupin & Evertt Vorthmann, 1965
19 Hall effect General features True solid state Long life High speed operation - over 100 khz possible Operates with stationary input (zero speed) No moving parts Logic compatible input and output Broad temperature range (-40 to +150 C) Highly repeatable operation
20 Hall effect Theory
21 Hall effect Theory V H = K H BI t
22 Hall effect Theory
23 Hall effect Conditional Circuit S = 7 µ V V G!!! Silicon exhibits the piezoresistance effect
24 Hall effect Conditional Circuit
25 Hall effect Digital Hall sensors
26 Hall effect Analog Hall sensors
27 Hall effect Magnetic system Unipolar head-on mode Unipolar slide-by mode Bipolar slide-by mode Bipolar slide-by mode (ring magnet) Jump to Application
28 Hall effect Magnetic system Unipolar head-on mode Nonlinear Accuracy medium
29 Hall effect Magnetic system Unipolar slide-by mode Nonlinear Accuracy low Symmetric
30 Hall effect Magnetic system Bipolar slide-by mode Accuracy medium Dissymmetry
31 Hall effect Magnetic system
32 Hall effect Magnetic system Bipolar slide-by mode (ring magnet)
33 Hall effect Magnetic system comparison chart
34 Hall effect Application Vane operated position sensors
35 Hall effect Application Vane operated position sensors
36 Hall effect Application Other in position Sequence sensor Proximity sensor Office machine sensors Multiple position sensor Anti-skid sensor Piston detection sensor
37 Hall effect Application Sequence sensor Back
38 Hall effect Application Proximity sensor Back
39 Hall effect Application Office machine sensors Back
40 Hall effect Application Multiple position sensor Back
41 Hall effect Application Anti-skid sensor Back
42 Hall effect Application Piston detection sensor Back
43 Magnetostrictive sensors Invent at 1970 MTS Temposonic technology
44 Theory of Magnetostrictive sensors Manetostrictive effect Villari effect Wiedemann effect
45 Theory of Magnetostrictive sensors Manetostrictive effect
46 Theory of Magnetostrictive sensors Villari effect Reverse of Magnetoestrictive applying stress to a magnetostrictive material changes its magnetic properties
47 Theory of Magnetostrictive sensors Wiedemann effect
48 Theory of Magnetostrictive sensors The operation
49 Theory of Magnetostrictive sensors The operation
50 Magnetostriction sensors Features Non contact Absolute 10 mm ~ 20 m Nonlinearity < 0.02%
51 Magnetostriction sensors Comparison
52 Magnetostriction sensors Application 1. Automated (Robotic) ManualTrans ission 2. Automotive Suspensions 3. Automotive Steering 4. Medical Hospital and Home Care Bed 5. Medical Infusion Pump 6. Medical Dental Chairs 7. Tractor Steering 8. Commercial Appliance Damping 9. Automotive Tank Levels 10. Construction Equipment
53 Magnetostriction sensors Application Automated (Robotic) ManualTrans ission Back
54 Magnetostriction sensors Application - Automotive Suspensions Back
55 Magnetostriction sensors Application - Automotive Steering Back
56 Magnetostriction sensors Application - Medical Hospital and Home Care Bed Back
57 Magnetostriction sensors Application - Medical Infusion Pump Back
58 Magnetostriction sensors Application - Medical Dental Chairs Back
59 Magnetostriction sensors Application - Tractor Steering Back
60 Magnetostriction sensors Application - Commercial Appliance Damping Back
61 Magnetostriction sensors Application - Construction Equipment Back
62 Magnetostriction sensors Application - Automotive Tank Levels Back
63 Magnetoresistive sensors Invent at 1856 William Thompson Lord Kelvin
64 Magnetoresistive sensors All types Anisotropic Magnetoresistive (AMR) Giant Magnetoresistive (GMR) Colossal Magnetoresistance (CMR)
65 Magnetoresistive sensors Theory of AMR
66 Magnetoresistive sensors Theory of AMR 2 cos θ Barber Pole Bias
67 Magnetoresistive sensors Theory of AMR
68 Magnetoresistive sensors Operation of AMR
69 Magnetoresistive sensors Operation of AMR (HMC1501)
70 Magnetoresistive sensors Operation of AMR (HMC1501)
71 Magnetoresistive sensors Operation of AMR (HMC1501)
72 Magnetoresistive sensors Operation of AMR (HMC1512)
73 Magnetoresistive sensors Operation of AMR (HMC1512)
74 Magnetoresistive sensors Operation of AMR (HMC1512)
75 Magnetoresistive sensors Operation of AMR (HMC1512)
76 Magnetoresistive sensors Typical application Cylinder position sensing in pneumatic cylinders Elevator sensor Lid sensor for laptop computers Position sensor for materials handling equipment (lift trucks) Blood analyzer Magnetic encoders
77 Magnetoresistive sensors Comparision of Hall effect & MR technologies
78 Magnetoresistive sensors Giant Magnetoresistive (GMR) Observe at 1988 Magnetoresistivity > 70%
79 Magnetoresistive sensors Giant Magnetoresistive (GMR) - Theory
80 Magnetoresistive sensors Giant Magnetoresistive (GMR) - Application Proximity Detection Displacement Sensing Rotational Reference Detection
81 Colossal Magnetoresistive (CMR) Observe at 1988 Magnetoresistivity > 1000% ~ %
82 Magnetoresistive sensors Comparison
83 Reed switch
84 Reed switch Structure
85 Reed switch Advantages Long life Small size Very sensitive to magnetic fields Has no leakage current or voltage drop Very inexpensive Highly repeatable operation High immunity to dirt and contamination Zero power consumption
86 Reed switch Disadvantages It is electronically noisy Slow response time Large amount of hysteresis
87 Synchro & Resolver A device called Selsyn was developed at 1925
88 Synchro Theory Synchro is variable rotary transformer.
89 Synchro Classification Transmitter Control Torque
90 Synchro Classification Receiver Control Torque
91 Synchro Classification Differential Transmitter Control Torque
92 Synchro Classification Control Torque
93 Synchro Advantages The controlling unit can be along distance from the controlled unit. Low consumption. Eliminates the necessity of mechanical linkage. Continues accurate and visual information. Good reliability and minimum maintenances. Small and light. Very fast.
94 Resolver
95 Resolver Theory
96 Signal Conditioning Resolver-To-Digital Converter(RTD /RDC) Basic Undersampling Oversampling
97 RTD Basic.
98 RTD Undersampling
99 RTD Undersampling
100 RTD Oversampling
101 Oversampling TMS320F240
102 Resolver Advantages Accurate Absolute Position Sensor Small size Well-suited to severe industrial environments Not require ohmic contact. High reliability
103 Synchro& Resolver Application Naval weapons Radar antennas Aerospace Robotics
104 Inductosyns
105 Inductosyns types Linear inductosyn Rotary inductosyn
106 Linear inductosyns
107 inductosyns Specification Use RTD for signal conditioning Linear resolution is 5microinch. angular resolution is less than 0.9 arc seconds relatively expensive very high accurate very reliable
108 inductosyns Advantages & Disadvantages Accurate Small size Well-suited to severe industrial environments Not require ohmic contact High reliability but relatively expensive
109 Magnesyn
110 Magnesyn Structure
111 Magnetic encoder All types
112 LVDT & RVDT End of World War II
113 Linear Variable Differential Transformer(LVDT)
114 PRECISION ABSOLUTE VALUE CIRCUIT (FULL-WAVE RECTIFIER)
115 LVDT & RVDT Comparison LVDT Measurement ranges are ±100µm to ±25cm Sensitivity is 2.4mv per volt per degree of rotation Input voltages are from 1V to 24V RMS, with frequencies 50Hz- 0kHz RVDT Typical RVDTs are linear over a range of about ±40º Sensitivity is 2 to 3mV per volt per degree of rotation Input voltages in the range of 3V RMS at frequencies between 400Hz and 20kHz.
116 LVDT Advantages Infinite Resolution High accuracy and sensitivity Excellent linearity ( 0.5%) A wide variety of measurement ranges
117 Application Modern Machine-tool Robotics Avionics & aircraft Process control industry Torpedo, and weapons systems.
118 Thank you
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