The Application of Magnetic Guidance Drilling Technology in Shengli Oilfield

Transcription

1 Advances in etoleum Exploation and Development Vol. 1, No. 1, 215, pp. 5-1 DOI:1.968/726 ISSN X [int] ISSN [Online] The Application of Magnetic Guidance Dilling Technology in Shengli Oilfield CAO Xiangfeng [a],[b],* ; LIU Qinglong [b] [a] College of etoleum Engineeing, China Univesity of etoleum, Qingdao, China. [b] Dilling Technology Reseach Institute, Shengli etoleum Engineeing Copoation, SINOEC, Dongying, China. *Coesponding autho. Suppoted by the Science and Technology Reseach oject of Shengli etoleum Administation Sinopec Copoation. Received June 215; accepted August 215 ublished online 28 Septembe 215 Abstact The magnetic guidance dilling technology could use the magnetic guidance instument to measue the distance between the signal souce and the instument, which is used to contol the well tajectoy. It is an essential supplement of the existing steeing dilling technology. At pesent, the magnetic guidance dilling technology is mainly applied to dual hoizontal wellslls fo heavy oil esevoi, CBM hoizontal connected wells, wells to mine undegound soluble mineals, and elief wells. This pape mainly intoduces the woking pocess of magnetic guidance dilling technology and connected wells. In ode to test the oveall pefomance of this technology, an expeimental study is conducted on it, and the field test was caied on Shengli oil field. Key wods: Magnetic guidance technology; Dual hoizontal wells gound field test Cao, X. F., & Liu, Q. L. (215). The application of magnetic guidance dilling technology in Shengli oilfield. Advances in etoleum Exploation and Development, 1(1), 5-1. Available fom: URL: DOI: INTRODUCTION With the incease of the enegy demand and the exhaustion of the easy development esevoi, the oil industy pays moe emphasis on the difficult development esevoi and the unconventional esevoi. In this situation, the magnetic guidance dilling technology is gadually widely used. And this technology is mainly applied to dual hoizontal wells fo heavy oil esevoi, CBM hoizontal connected wells, wells to mine undegound soluble mineals, and elief wellls. To contol the well tajectoy to dill these kinds of special wells, this technology is essential. The egula magnetic guidance suvey instument and the gyoscopic inclinomete ae unable to meet the accuacy of these kinds of special wells [1-4]. The coe of the magnetic guidance pototype is the active space oiented locating algoithm of the altenating magnetic field, and the essence is space location of the active magnetic field. 1. WORKING RINCILE OF THE INSTRUMENT Accoding to the signal souce of the magnetic field, the magnetic guidance tools can be divided into two categoies: dynamic magnetic field signal and static magnetic field signal. The dynamic magnetic field signal efes to a man-made dynamic magnetic field signal in the well, and then to measue the distance between the signal souce and the detecting instument, which mainly includes the magnetic guidance system, otay magnetic anging system and so on. The static magnetic field signal efes to the magnetic signal geneated by the completion casing o the magnetic shot casing joint, and ealize the spatial oientation though measuing the static magnetic field signal, mainly including padding hoizontal well tajectoy system and magnetic field signal tacking system. And now, field opeation of hoizontal wells in pais and CBM hoizontal connected wells mainly apply the dynamic magnetic field signal, and the epots of the static magnetic field signal ae few. 5 Copyight Canadian Reseach & Development Cente of Sciences and Cultues

2 The Application of Magnetic Guidance Dilling Technology in Shengli Oilfield 1.1 Mathematical Model The Spead Chaacteistic Model of Single Magnetic Dipole The magnetic conductivity is µ, (R, π/2, θ) is a point in the cuent loop cicle,and the cuent element is Idl. Based on the Biot-Sava s law, (, φ, θ ) is a point on the cuent element, and the Magnetic induction intensity vecto at is v v v µ Idl a db =, a. 4π a And is the distance between any point and the oigin of coodinate, R is the adius of the cuent cicle, and it could be neglected, and the magnetic moment is M = πir 2. z (,φ,θ ) π (R,, θ ) 2 Idl x Figue 1 Magnetic Field of Any Magnetic Dipole R ϕ θ And B = μh. The expession of the magnetic field is M H x = sin 2ϕ cosθ 8π M H y = sin 2ϕ sinθ. 8π M H z = (cos 2ϕ + 1) 8π The opagation Model Which is Based on Low Fequency Altenating Magnetic Field Fist of all, we set up the nea bit magnetic souce mathematical model, w is the otation axis of the nea bit,m C and M S ae a pai of magnetic dipole which ae othogonal to each othe [5]. And is the location whee the senso is set up. R is the distance between and the oigin. Based on the Biot-Sava s law, the magnetic field distibution is Ms Hsw = sin 2ϕ 2 cos θ2 8π Ms Hs : Hsu = sin 2ϕ 2 sin θ2. 8π 1 Ms Hsv = 2π 2 2 (1 sin ϕ 2) y Ms u Mc ϕ 1 ϕ 2 θ 2 θ 1 v Figue 2 The Nea Bit Magnetic Souce Mathematical Model 1.1. The Calculating inciple of the Low Fequency Altenating Magnetic Field Oientation Hcs u Hcs uv β Hcs v θ uv u O ϕ Hs Hc w Hcs α v O Figue The Calculating Model of Special Location [6] Fist of all, we should measue the value of the thee axis at point with tiaxial flux-gate, and each of them is H x, H y, H z. Secondly, H u, H v, H w ae obtained by the coodinate convesion. And then we can get Hcsv θ = β = actan( ), Hcs Hcsv + Hcsu α = tan ( ), Hcs 1 ϕ = f ( α ). w u At last, we can make sue the location of point to hit the taget. 1.2 The Softwae of the Instument The Related Softwae Development of the Active Magnetic Measuing Instument Fist of all, we analyzed the whole system, and then consideed the basic achitectue of the active altenating magnetic oientation system. The system has thee pats: The top pat including compute and themal pinte, the middle pats including contol box, and the bottom pat including pobe. The whole elation of the active altenating magnetic field oientation system is shown in the Figue 4. The data flow of the softwae system is shown in the Figue 5. w Copyight Canadian Reseach & Development Cente of Sciences and Cultues 6

3 CAO Xiangfeng; LIU Qinglong (215). Advances in etoleum Exploation and Development, 1(1), 5-1 Compute Themal pinte Contol box obe Figue 4 The Whole Relation of the Active Altenating Magnetic Field Oientation System The dotted lines epesent the default paametes, and the solid lines epesent the measuing data. And the data flow is shown below. (a) The default paametes ae saved in the database and the measuement data module though the setting paametes function. (b) The measuement data is tansfeed fom the bottom tool to the lowe compute, and the we could ead the data fom the lowe compute. (c) Though pocessing the data, we could get the elative location between the souce and the taget and the tempeatue. (d) The calculation is saved in the database. (e) The well tajectoy is dawn with the calculation. (f) The data can be eplayed fom the database. aamete setting Database Data display Data playback TRACE Log data pocessing Calculation save Data save Data eading Lowe compute pathway Data pint Figue 5 The Data Flow of the Softwae System The System Famewok Design The main famewok contains the inteface file of each module, and we can get the coesponding module enty pemission though defining the module inteface in ode to call the module. Database Data ocess RMRS oject View RMRS oject Doc Display Main Fame Data Tansfe XYZ View Ba Task ane Low Laye USB Figue 6 The System Famewok 7 Copyight Canadian Reseach & Development Cente of Sciences and Cultues

4 The Application of Magnetic Guidance Dilling Technology in Shengli Oilfield 1.2. Data ocessing ogam Based on the Matlab Matlab has the numeical computation and simulation analysis function, and it is vey beneficial to veify the algoithm. And the data pocessing pogam based on the Matlab is shown in the figue below. Figue 7 The Main Inteface of the Magnetic Guidance ogam 2. GROUND TEST 2.1 Test Appaatus The test appaatus is shown below [6], and it includes the fixtue pat and the mobile pat. And the fixtue pat includes the magnetic souce, the pobe and the data acquisition system (the inteface box and the laptop). And the magnetic souce could excite the altenating magnetic field, and the otation speed is -6 pm. The pobe could measue the inclination and the azimuth. The fixtue includes the outdoo tack and the fixed points, and the tack pat is the EW diection, and the whole length is 48 m, and thee is one ivet evey othe one mete to position. Figue 8 Magnetic Guidance Dilling Technology Test Appaatus We moved the magnetic sub and the taget pobe to simulate the bottom situation of the magnetic sub oientation pocess. The magnetic sub ca oiented with the two lase pobes: The hoizontal lase pobe ensued that the azimuth of the magnetic sub aligned with the tack; and the vetical pobe lase ensued that the magnetic sub was set in the position of the EW. 2.2 Test lan We made the following test plan to test the oientation locating algoithm, and the test included two steps. And the fist step is to calibate the magnetic moment coefficient, and the second step is to place the souce magnetic sub and the pobe in two fixed points, and collect the test data. Finally, we compaed the test esults to the calculation.. THE INTRODUCTION OF CONNECTED- WELLS.1 CBM Hoizontal Connected Wells CBM hoizontal wells have thee foms: multiple banches hoizontal connected wells, U hoizontal connected w optimization of well location of the ells and V hoizontal connected wells..1.1 Multiple Banches Hoizontal Connected Wells Fistly, we should dill a vetical well fom the suface to the coal seam. Secondly, we would dill a vetical section fom the fist well 1-2 m, and then build angle to extend the wellboe though the fist well. And the second well is called engineeing well. The engineeing well continue to extend hoizontally in the coal seam, when the wellboe extend a cetain distance to fom the main banch. Many othe multiple banche wellboes could be dilled on both sides of the main banch wellboe to incease the contact aea with the coal seam, and it is called multiple banches hoizontal connected well..1.2 U Hoizontal Connected Wells The high-angle coal seams have high inclination and high pemeability, so it makes little sense to dill multiple banches hoizontal connected wells, and we can dill U hoizontal connected wells to solve the poblem. The Copyight Canadian Reseach & Development Cente of Sciences and Cultues 8

5 CAO Xiangfeng; LIU Qinglong (215). Advances in etoleum Exploation and Development, 1(1), 5-1 hoizontal section of U hoizontal connected wells extend fom the high end to low end of the tendency of coal seam, so U hoizontal connected wells make full use of the advantage of gavity of the coal seam wate, and this kind of well is advantageous to the dainage..1. V Hoizontal Connected Wells Accoding to the chaactes of the coal-beaing stata of the Huolin Rive basin, the intended coal-beaing stata of this basin is lowe goup of Huolin Rive of the lowe ange of the cetaceous system. Huo 1 well block was the taget aea, and the R was.%-.4%, the depth was 9 m, one of the lagest thick single laye is 2 m, esevoi pessue gadient of the esevoi is 1.8 Ma/1 m, the pemeability is µm 2, the density is 1.5 g/cm, the dip angle is We designed the V hoizontal connected wells in the condition of the coal seam, and the most impotant point was the connected point of the vetical whee we chose. And we can divide the well into thee pats as the taget ange of the hoizontal well and vetical well connected..2 Well Location Optimizing of Hoizontal Wells in ais fo the Supe Heavy Recovey Hoizontal wells in pais ae mainly applied in the steam assisted gavity dainage (SAGD) petoleum engineeing of the heavy oil. SAGD equests that one hoizontal well must be dilled fist above the oil-wate inteface nea the bottom of the oil column, and the steam was injected though the second uppe hoizontal well which was paallel to the fist hoizontal well, so the steam chambe above the poduction well was fomed. And the steam and the oil wee output togethe fom the poduction well.. Woking ocess of Connected Wells (a) The quality of the vetical well affects the difficulty of the hoizontal connected wells. Optimizing the assembly and the dilling paametes, we should use the deviation contol technology to contol the inclination of the well. Afte the electic logging, fibe glass casing was un in. The opeato used the hole enlage to enlage the boehole, the enlaging diamete need to be moe than 5 mm. (b) In the pocess of dilling the hoizontal section, the opeato should contol the well tajectoy along the dilling design, and use the LWD to ensue the taget hitting quality. (c) We should filte the magnetic signal data with the well tajectoy data to calculate the distance between the bit to the taget, the deviation between the bit to the taget and the deviation of the vetical depth to achieve the pecise connection..4 Woking ocess of Hoizontal Wells in ais (a) Accoding to the dilling design and the geological design, we should check the location of the wells. And the distance between the two wells is 15 m. (b) The fist well is uppe poduction well, and the second well is lowe injection well. The fist well is dilled with LWD, and then cased. (c) Though the cab locomotive, the magnetic guidance instument is put into the A taget of the fist well. (d) With the cab, the data is tansfeed to the suface, then the opeato contols the well tajectoy of the second well. The instument is put into m afte one pilla is dilled, and this pocess is epeated when the second well is dilled to the design depth. 4. FIELD TEST 4.1 Well DFS-C4-H2 (a) We had masteed the connected well dilling technology though DFS-C4-H2 well and DFS-C4-V1 field test. And we must contol the inclination of the vetical well, and the diamete of the boehole should be not less than 5 mm. (b) The hoizontal well should be dilled along the design. (c) We utilized the NMD to decease the magnetic intefeence. (d) We masteed the magnetic guidance dilling appaatus and the softwae to diect the diectional enginee to contol the well tajectoy accuately. Figue 9 DFS-C4-H2 Well and DFS-C4-V1 Well Connected Successfully 4.2 Well ZM 1 The magnetic guidance dilling technology was futhe pefect though two field tests. And the magnetic guidance appaatus could calculate within 82 m, and the magnetic field tend to be moe standad sine wave signal wavefom, and the woking pefomance was good. 4. Well SN6 (a) The fist time: The magnetic intefeence was seious when the distance was 74.4 m, and the signal was well when the distance was 6 m. And the azimuth deviation is 9º when the distance is 5 m, and the enginee decided to lift 1 m to sidetack. 9 Copyight Canadian Reseach & Development Cente of Sciences and Cultues

6 The Application of Magnetic Guidance Dilling Technology in Shengli Oilfield Figue 1 The Signal Intefeence Was Bad When the Distance Was 74.4 m (b) The second time: The signal was well when the distance was 48.9 m. And the azimuth deviation is 2.1º. This un failed to connect, so the enginee decided to lift 5 m to sidetack. Figue 11 The Signal Was Well When the Distance Was m (c) The thid time: The two wells wee connected successfully. CONCLUSION Though the eseach of this pojection, we have ealized the woking pinciple of the magnetic instument and connected wells. This technology supplies the convincing suppots fo dual hoizontal wells dill hoizontal wells in pais fo high oil esevoi. Though the field tests, we could found the data acquisition cicuit could satisfy the dynamic low fequency altenating magnetic field ange of 1 uv - 1 V. And the hadwae and softwae wee impoved with the test on the gound to each the indexes stipulated in the poject. The AOM-5A pobe could detect the signal within 6-7 m, and the system could oient accuately within 5 m. REFERENCES [1] Lin, J., Song, C. H., & Luo, Y. H., & Liu, L. (29). Hoizontal dilling technology of SAGD. Xinjiang etoleum and Gas, 5(), [2] Qian, Z. W., Jiang, Z. Q., & Wu, H. L. (211). Relief well technology basic on RMRS. Coal Mine Safty, 42(2), [] Diao, B. B., & Gao, D. L. (211). Solenoid while dilling distance guidance system. Acta etolei Sinica, 2(6), [4] Xu, Y. L., Ma, F. Q., & Feng, G. T. (212). Magneti guidance dilling technology cu cent t situation and development. Oil Dilling & oduction Technology, 5(2), 5-7. [5] Zong, Y. B., Zhang, J., & Shi, X. F. (211). A high-pecision guidance method of wellboe tajectoy based on the otay magnetic dipole. Atca etolei Sinica, 2(2), 5-9. [6] Tian, Y., & Wang, C. L. (211). Rotating magnetic guidance method and its expeiments fo measuement while dilling. Elettonic Measuement Technology, 4(1), 4-7. Copyight Canadian Reseach & Development Cente of Sciences and Cultues 1