Vital advanced time-line approach for future ATM environments

Transcription

1 Vital advanced time-line approach for future ATM environments Horst Hering Innovative Research Unit,, Bretigny,France 1 / INO Workshop 2004

2 Introduction I Actual ATC systems are human centred Technical equipment support the controllers Flight plan data (last update 2 hours prior take off) Sensor data (PSR, SSR, snapshot of last known situation) Correlation of flight plan and sensor data Help controller s to create mental traffic picture Based on past sensor and flight plan data Technical systems have no knowledge of future AC behaviour (feedback from ATC instructions /FMS programming) 2 / INO Workshop 2004

3 Introduction II Tendency towards stripless ATM systems Reduced/limited availability flight plan data Increase importance of sensor data Complex representation on ODS 2D data on ODS 3 rd D in label Humans mental resources are one of the bottlenecks of the actual ATM system 3 / INO Workshop 2004

4 Possible future ATM Systems Towards 4D ATM to increase capacity New ATM concepts like: Route offsets 4D rendezvous points Station keeping of two or more AC Delayed or locally fixed climb/descend orders AC - FMS supports the 4D navigation Resulting for the humans: Increase of traffic complexity Require for the humans: New working concepts New ways of presenting data (reducing complexity) Pre-processing of data (mathematical, logical) to reduce workload 4 / INO Workshop 2004

5 Vital Table Concept Innovation Vital: Digital and analogue representation of the data (FP/sensor) Pre-processing of these data to support humans rough estimations by exact mathematical, logical predictions Permanently updated and recalculated Vital presents data in form of a table Each AC is represented as one line in the table Lines may be freely placed inside of the table Example: En-route MONitor (EMON) 5 / INO Workshop 2004

6 Vital AC Artefact Vital the artefact line content: Call-sign (indicator for : east-, west-bound, handle to move artefact) Airport of departure Airport of destination Aircraft type Speed Actual flight level Analogue time-line data (indicator for sector boundary) Exit flight level Exit way point Call-sign Adep Ades ACtype Speed AFL Analogue Time-line Data XFL WP-ex 6 / INO Workshop 2004

7 Vital Analogue Time-line Vital represents the flight path of an AC On a dynamic time-line Updated in real-time from actual and extrapolated sensor data with regard to AC performance Time-line (minutes) moving towards left Beacons, Waypoints of the AC path moving with time-line IM TOSPA TOSPA TOSPA TOSPA TOSPA MEGAR MEGAR TOSPA MEGAR MII 10:10 10:20 10:30 10: :10 10:10 10:20 10:20 10:20 10:20 10:20 10:20 10:30 10:30 10:30 10:30 10:30 10:30 Now Actual time reference (fix) 7 / INO Workshop 2004

8 Benefits of a Time-line Approach ATCO roughly estimate AC speed from Radar Mentally extrapolate future position of each AC Poor accuracy require large safety margins Prediction error for 2 3 minutes ~ acceptable Prediction error for minutes? Vital - pre-processing of Radar and flight plan data Extraction of the true AC speed from past positions for Logical mathematical extrapolation of future AC positions Good accuracy (uncertainty) standard safety margins Prediction error for 2 3 minutes rather low (similar humans) Prediction error for minutes ~ acceptable (depending on flight steadiness ATC instruction) Continuously updated 8 / INO Workshop 2004

9 Hypothetical Benefits of an Analogue Time-line Vital represents the 4D traffic in a clear and simple manner Traffic visualisation well adapted to humans mental representation and understanding Supporting humans 4D trajectory prediction Analogue flight path representation for ease human perception Simpler detection and predictability of potential problems Reduced mental workload caused by difficult estimations (future positions) Better understanding of the traffic in a extended timeframe (~20min) Reduce mental workload increase SA Vital will not affect the existing safety level - in a negative sense at least 9 / INO Workshop 2004

10 Vital Conflict Detection Detection of conflicts (basic): Opposite traffic (a-b) Merging traffic (c-d) Over speeding (b-c) TULIP TOSPA 10:10 10:20 10:3 NOR KENUM 10:10 10:20 10:3 10:10 10:20 10:3 PAM ARNEM TEBRO NASUM 10:10 10:20 10:3 (a) (b) (c) (d) By vertical comparing of time-lines 10 / INO Workshop 2004

11 Vital for a future 4D environment ATM and AC FMS going towards 4D trajectories 4D complexity becomes a challenge for the controllers Vital reduce complexity by innovative analogue information presentation (benefits - similar analogue/digital watch) Support of new 4D concepts (offset, station keeping, speed control, 4D rendezvous, ) 11 / INO Workshop 2004

12 Vital Representing Route Offsets Flying offset: right or left in parallel to existing route Safe horizontal separation of parallel routes (i.e. 5 NM) Offset Left Centre Right / INO Workshop 2004

13 Vital Representing Climb/Descend AC climbing/descending and the related uncertainty Now AFL New CFL Climb Descend More Rate Now Time Waypt 13 / INO Workshop 2004

14 Vital Representing 4D Rendezvous Creation of a 4D rendezvous point AC FMS will be able to guarantee the negotiated 4D point as rendezvous 4D- 4D- Time Time CFL CFL Offset Offset Kill 14 / INO Workshop 2004

15 Vital Representing Station Keeping AC Concept of Airborne Separation Assurance System (ASAS) Two or more AC flying in line (same route/segment, FL, speed) Transfer of separation responsibility to AC (horizontal distance to preceding AC) ATC communicate/control first AC in line only AC II AC III 15 / INO Workshop 2004

16 Vital Representing Speed Envelope Speed control for AC Presenting safe variations (increase/decrease) from actual speed as time envelope for future waypoints Now SPEED 16 / INO Workshop 2004

17 Conclusion I Actual Radar screen strongly geographical oriented Actual ODS is complex (3D on a 2D display) Snapshots (static) of traffic with afterglows 3 rd D through ATCO mental picture 4 th D time dimension by human estimation and extrapolation Future 4D ATM? there is a need for innovative concepts/tools 17 / INO Workshop 2004

18 Conclusion II Vital - logical mathematical algorithm to create an analogue time based representation of the traffic Strong cognitive support through preliminary treatment of data to ease human perception and prediction Reduce mental workload for difficult estimation to support detection and predictability of potential traffic problems Increase SA through better traffic understanding in the shown timeframe Intuitive representation of dynamic actions (change FL, offsets, ) Vital will not affect the existing safety level - in a negative sense at least 18 / INO Workshop 2004

19 Conclusion III Vital real-time time-line concept Human centred approach Compatible with current ATM concepts Presented for: EMON for future 4D ATM Adaptable and give benefit for: Current ATC working methods/concepts New ATM concepts like tubs, motorways, Monitoring ASAS concepts Natural interface for CPDLC. 19 / INO Workshop 2004

20 Vital Sample for a MN-Sector EMON NOW 09:55 10:00 10:05 10:10 10:15 AFR452 LFPG EDDH B FGLXX LFPB EDDV FA FIN890 EDDK EFHK A BASUM WSR VISKI TIMEN WYP NEBAR VALKI 100 WSR VISKI VALKI 310 SUPAM ARNEM SONEB SUVOX ROBEG KLM2357 E EPWA B EVEL ROBEG DLE HLZ DLH122 EDDL EPWA A ROBEG ROBEG SAS344 ESSA EDDL MD PHLNX ESSA EHEH C BE STADE BASUM 300 TADE BASUM BOT BOT AFR453 EDDH LFPG B LBE STADE 300 BASUM AUA724 LOWW EGCC A EDEGA BIGGE SUVOX RKN TENLI FLEVO FLEVO DLH4563 EDDF KLAX B ARP RENNE MOHNE HMM RKN TENLI FLEVO SPY FLEVO KLM123 LHBP E B MASEK EDEGA BIGGE HMM AMSAN SONSA RO ROBIS DLH234A EDDL EKCH A VALSU MEVEL ARTER BASUM STAD STADE EZY123 EDDT LFPO B DLE PIROT EXOBA MAREK NEBAR R NEBAR HLF876 EDDB EDDK A DLE PIROT EXOBA MAREK NEBAR 100 NEBAR D 20 / INO Workshop 2004 NUM DHL56A EBBR EDDB B EMON - Vital NEBAR MAREK EXOBA PIROT DLE CCP253A CCP253A 09:55 10:00 10:05 10:10 10:15 NOW NOW PIROT

21 MN-Sector of UAC Maastricht 21 / INO Workshop 2004