TECHNICAL WHITE PAPER STRUCTURAL PRINCIPLE OF A DART CIRCUIT
|
|
- Mildred Kelley
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 PROCESS AUTOMATION TECHNICAL WHITE PAPER STRUCTURAL PRINCIPLE OF A DART CIRCUIT This document explains the function of DART Technology and describes the individual elements and principle structure of a DART circuit. The white paper was written specifically for technical decision makers and technicians interested in using DART Technology in their applications and equipment. Prepared by: Michael Trautmann Product Portfolio Manager, Pepperl+Fuchs
2 STRUCTURAL PRINCIPLE OF A DART CIRCUIT Pepperl+Fuchs is a leading company in intrinsically safe explosion protection for the process automation industry. The company s product portfolio extends from conventional interface technology and I/O systems to fieldbus infrastructure. DART (Dynamic Arc Recognition and Termination) represents another important step towards greater power and reliability in technical processing plants: When an electrical current circuit closes or opens and generates a spark, a distinctive, easily recognizable change to the current and voltage is perceived. DART detects this change and switches off the current circuit within a matter of microseconds (µs) to prevent ignitable sparks from occurring, even at high power outputs. On dynamic systems such as DART, the cable length must also be taken into consideration. Information about a change in current (di/dt) and the subsequent triggered shutdown of the power supply is transmitted from the fault location to the power supply and back through the cable at a speed of approximately 160,000 km/s in the form of a guided wave. With longer cables, this transmission time has a significant influence on the overall shutdown time and, therefore, makes the cable length an important safety aspect.
3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents 1 Introduction Hazardous Areas: Zones vs. Class/Divisions Zones Classes/Divisions Ignition Potection Concepts Explosion transfer prevention Spatial separation of ignition source and potentially explosive atmosphere Preventing an effective ignition source Ignition Potection Concepts: Classifying DART DART Functionality DART Topologies Point-to-Point applications with DART Multidrop applications with DART Components of the DART Current Circuit Structural principle of a DART Power Supply Structural principle of a decoupling circuit Increased safety isolation Start-up circuit Current and di/dt limitation Start-up circuit of the downstream unit Field Cables Outlook /9
4 1 INTRODUCTION 1 Introduction The concept of intrinsically safe explosion protection was born on the day of a mining disaster in South Wales in 1931, where an electrical current circuit ignited mine gas and the subsequent explosion killed 439 people. In the wake of the disaster, an inquiry concluded that energy-restricted electrical equipment and associated electrical accessories could have prevented the accident. In plain terms, this means that arcs, sparks, or thermal effects that could ignite an explosive mixture, should not occur during normal plant operation or in the event of faults. DART Technology follows this basic principle the only difference is that higher power outputs than ever before can now be supplied to electrical equipment. The two areas (Divisions 1, 2) indicate the probability of an explosive mixture developing. 3 Ignition Potection Concepts The explosion triangle displays the three elements that can cause an explosion when combined under the right conditions. For this reason, at least one of the elements (ignition energy, oxidant, combustible substance) must be avoided in hazardous areas to exclude the risk of an explosion. 2 Hazardous Areas: Zones vs. Class/Divisions Two main, globally recognized systems for categorizing hazardous areas currently exist: Zones and Classes/Divisions. The USA and Canada mainly use the Class/ Division concept, whereas the rest of the world mainly categorizes hazardous areas into zones. 2.1 Zones The zone concept is currently based on Standard IEC/EN and makes a distinction between three areas of focus for gases/vapors and dust. Gases are categorized into Zone 0, 1, 2 and dust into Zone 20, 21, 22. Figure 1: Explosion triangle In principle, a distinction is made between three basic ignition protection methods: 3.1 Explosion transfer prevention This is the only method where an explosion is allowed to take place. The effects of this explosion are restricted to precisely defined areas to prevent propagation into the surrounding atmosphere. The flameproof enclosure (Ex d) ignition protection class is based on this method. 2.2 Classes/Divisions The Class/Division concept is based on standards NEC 500-x and CEC J18-0xx, which categorize flammable substances into three classes: Class I Gases or vapors Class II Dust or powder Class III Bound or suspended state 3.2 Spatial separation of ignition source and potentially explosive atmosphere With this method, an attempt is made to spatially separate potential ignition sources (electrical components, hot surfaces) from explosive mixtures. The pressurizing system (Ex p), sand enclosure (Ex q) 2/9
5 4 IGNITION POTECTION CONCEPTS: CLASSIFYING DART and cast enclosure (Ex m) ignition protection classes are based on this method. 3.3 Preventing an effective ignition source This method limits thermal effects such as hot surfaces. Electric sparks are either generally prevented [ increased safety (Ex e)] or limited to a safe level [ intrinsic safety (Ex i)]. Ignition sources can also be restricted under certain fault conditions. 4 Ignition Potection Concepts: Classifying DART The energy cannot simply ignite on creation; it must be concentrated at a single point (such as a spark) and exceed a critical value. This ignition energy is categorized as follows: Table 1: Characteristic values for energy limitation Type Typical gas Ignition energy [µj] I Methane 280 IIA Propane > 180 IIB Ethylene IIC Hydrogen < 60 The values are derived from the ignition limit curves of IEC/EN as follows: DART Technology was defined and developed based on EN60079 in collaboration with the PTB. The current state of development includes use in Zones 1, 2, 21, and 22. Use in the USA or categorization according to Class I, II, III/Division 1/2 will become an objective as soon as the installation and design requirements for DART devices become a standard part of IEC/EN DART Technology is, therefore, categorized in the intrinsic safety class (Ex i) and prevents effective sources of ignition from developing. However, unlike classic intrinsic safety, the power supplied in the field is not strictly limited. Sparks are detected the moment they occur and the power source is then switched off before a state of ignitability is reached. By quickly deactivating the ignition source, DART limits the amount of energy that the power supply feeds into a spark. In terms of intrinsic safety, this occurs at very high power outputs. 5 DART Functionality The principle of intrinsic safety is based on the limitation of power and energy to prevent the explosive atmosphere inside the endangered area from igniting. Figure 2: Ignition limit curves for power limitation An ignition spark is generated when a current circuit is opened or closed and can occur as a result of a planned procedure (such as closing a terminal) or unintentionally (for example, if mechanical influences cause a lead to break). When a spark of this kind is created, a characteristic curve is produced as shown in the following diagram: 3/9
6 5 DART FUNCTIONALITY Figure 3: Curve for a generated spark As long as a current flows within a closed cable with a very small cable diameter Δ L, it can be assumed that the decreasing voltage U falls to 0 V and the converted power P equals almost 0 W. If the cable is opened at this point, a spark begins to form. One characteristic aspect in the formation of this spark is the rapid decrease of current IF over the duration and an increase of voltage UF via the broken cable. The following power conversion occurs (in the spark) as a consequence: P ( t) = U ( t) I ( t) F F F The energy contained in this spark can be expressed as follows: ( t) I ( t)dt EF = U F (for t ~ [5 µs 2 ms]) F If you then wish to limit the energy to a specific value so that ignition cannot occur, the integral calculated from the product of UF and IF must be smaller than the ignition limit energy for the spark duration (see left section in Figure 2 on page 3). With classic intrinsic safety, the selected UF and IF values are so small that a potential spark could not trigger an ignition during the entire burning period. In DART Technology, the strict limitation of UF and IF is no longer required. Instead, the time tf of the generated spark is reduced sufficiently to allow effective limitation of the energy in the spark (see Figure 4 on page 5). As a consequence, the prompt suppression of a spark is known as a DART event. The triggering element of a DART event is the steepness of the gradient F di, which is a characteristic dt feature of a generated spark. 4/9
7 6 DART TOPOLOGIES Figure 4: DART switches off the current circuit before a spark can occur. The time t, within which a generated spark must be extinguished, depends on the current IF within the cable and is between ~5 and ~30 µs. di Information about the variation in current F dt conveyed from the location where a spark originates along the cable to the DART Power Supply (see Figure 5 on page 5). The DART Power Supply detects the change and switches off the power supply. The residual energy is fed to the generated spark before it ultimately extinguishes. is 6.1 Point-to-Point applications with DART The point-to-point topology has the same classic structure as a transmitter power supply or a solenoid driver with a corresponding load in the hazardous area. Power outputs up to 50 W are possible with a cable length of 100 m. Figure 6: Point-to-point topology with DART 6.2 Multidrop applications with DART Figure 5: When a spark is generated and extinguished 6 DART Topologies The multidrop topology is used in fieldbus applications. Here, several devices are connected to a master cable supplied from a DART Power Supply. In DART applications, a distinction is essentially made between two topologies: Point-to-point connections, where a field device is supplied from a power supply. Multidrop applications, where several field devices are connected to a master cable. Figure 7: Multidrop topology with DART 5/9
8 7 COMPONENTS OF THE DART CURRENT CIRCUIT 7 Components of the DART Current Circuit 7.1 Structural principle of a DART Power Supply The structure of a DART Power Supply can be divided into five basic function blocks: The power supply (e.g., 19 to 30 V) is processed by a step down regulator (1) and transmitted through the galvanic isolation (3) by a push-pull stage (2). The maximum output voltage is then limited by a crowbar (4), for example. galvanic isolation and voltage limitation are included in EN/IEC The dimensions are modified only to enable greater power transmission. The actual DART current circuit (5) is used as an additional function block, which is responsible for the identifier described above and switches off the power whenever required. Another central element of DART current circuits is the start-up circuit: It checks the connected line for faults (lead breakage or short circuit) beforehand to make sure the DART current circuit starts safely. This test is performed using a conventional intrinsically safe current circuit. This structure is the same as a classic transmitter power supply. All known requirements relating to Figure 8: Function blocks of a DART Power Supply Figure 9: Block diagram, DART identification and shutdown 6/9
9 7 COMPONENTS OF THE DART CURRENT CIRCUIT In order to assemble this current circuit, the connected unit must have a corresponding decoupling circuit (see 7.2 Structural principle of a decoupling circuit). The circuit draws only a very small amount of current at start-up. The DART Power Supply checks whether the controlling voltage is stable. Then, the high power output of the DART Power Supply is enabled (see Figure 9 on page 6). In case of a failure (lead breakage / short circuit) a spark will be detected by the di/dt sensing. Thereupon, the IS voltage will be deactivated by the start-up circuit. Failure signalization/leds will indicate such a DART event accordingly. Furthermore, the DART Power Supply comes with diagnosis circuits for voltage detection and current limitation. By means of the start-up circuit, they also restrict the energy sourced into the hazardous area in case of a failure. The decoupling circuit in the unit determines whether the DART Power Supply is in start-up or DART operation by monitoring the control voltage (start-up voltage << DART voltage). 7.2 Structural principle of a decoupling circuit The decoupling module was designed to isolate the electronics of an application from the DART Power Supply and the associated cable in the field, while simultaneously enabling the DART supply to start-up. The complexity of the decoupling module depends on the behavior of the downstream electronics. Figure 10 shows the structure that can be used for purely passive ohmic and/or inductive loads. Figure 10: Decoupling circuit for purely passive ohmic and/or inductive loads 7/9
10 8 FIELD CABLES Figure 11: Decoupling circuit for active and/or capacitive loads Figure 11 displays a structure which is suitable for active and/or capacitive loads. An decoupling module comprises these main components: Increased safety isolation A start-up circuit for the DART Power Supply A current and di/dt limiter For active/capacitive loads, an additional circuit component that provides the required start-up current for the downstream unit Increased safety isolation Current and di/dt limitation Di/dt and current limitation ensures that the DART supply starts up in a defined sequence without triggering a DART event (for example, loading the downstream C, significant load changes, etc.) Start-up circuit of the downstream unit This circuit component ensures that di/dt limitation of the DART supply does not interfere with start-up of the connected unit and makes sure that only one buffer capacitor is activated before the unit is enabled. Increased safety isolation prevents the supply of current back to the cable in the event of a fault and uses the RLC network to generate a familiar input impedance on the four-pole decoupling circuit Start-up circuit The start-up circuit regulates activation of the DART Power Supply. As soon as the power supply switches from conventional Ex i operation to DART operation (higher voltage), the start-up circuit sets the decoupling circuit to low-resistance operation. 8 Field Cables The cable is the connecting element between the DART Power Supply and the decoupling circuit of the field device. In order to shut down promptly as shown above in Figure 5 on page 5, information about the line fault must first be transmitted to the power supply, then detected, deleted, and the line deenergized. The propagation speed of the relevant signal along the cable, therefore, plays a decisive role. 8/9
11 9 OUTLOOK 9 Outlook The next important step is the inclusion of DART technology in EN60079, which is currently being masterminded by the PTB in collaboration with partner companies as part of a Technical Specification (TS) under the working title Power-I. Figure 12: Relationship between output current and delay time The propagation speed can be determined using the inductance and capacitance parameters of a cable. The runtime trun along the cable (each direction) is calculated as follows: Inductive cable parameter: L in [H/km] Capacitive cable parameter: C in [F/km] The subsequent steps will describe integration in American standards and the definition of a rapid, generally accessible (not proprietary) communication protocol for the DART line. This creates an opportunity to fully exploit the advantages of DART Technology on a global scale. The power supply to the field devices can be combined into a single cable with a high power output and powerful signal transmission. The maximum overall response time of the system consisting of a supply device, cable, and decoupling circuit can be calculated in line with the current in the cable, where the supply device contributes approx. 3 µs and the decoupling circuit a negligible delay. The following cable lengths are possible, depending on the output power of the supply devices. Table 2: Possible cable lengths Voltage Vout Power Pout Possible cable length 24 VDC Approx. 22 W 100 m 30 VDC Approx. 12 W m These specifications may vary depending on the quality and parameters of the cable. 9/9
Foundation Fieldbus Topologies for Intrinsically Safe (IS) Installations
Foundation Fieldbus Topologies for Intrinsically Safe (IS) Installations Dr.-Ing. Gunther Kegel CEO Pepperl+Fuchs GmbH, Mannheim Member of the Fieldbus Foundation Board of Directors Chairman of the FF
More informationINTRINSIC SAFETY BASIC PRINCIPLES
INTRINSIC SAFETY BASIC PRINCIPLES IGNITION TRIANGLE Ignition Energy In many industrial processes, the presence of flammable materials (gases, vapours, liquids, dusts, fibres and flyings) requires the adoption
More informationDART THE FUTURE OF EXPLOSION PROTECTION TECHNOLOGY
DART THE FUTURE OF EXPLOSION PROTECTION TECHNOLOGY T. Klatt Pepperl-Fuchs, Mannheim, Germany In the process industry, it is possible for potentially explosive gases to escape in the event of a fault, which
More informationTECHNICAL WHITE PAPER DART THE NEW DIMENSION IN INTRINSIC SAFETY
TECHNICAL WHITE PAPER DART THE NEW DIMENSION IN INTRINSIC SAFETY Intrinsic safety is a worldwide-accepted type of ignition protection, which offers many advantages over other types of ignition protection.
More informationWhite Paper. Requirements for fieldbus equipment installed in a Zone 2 and Division 2 hazardous area environment. March 24, 2005
White Paper Requirements for fieldbus equipment installed in a Zone 2 and Division 2 hazardous area environment March 24, 2005 up Königsberger Allee 87 68307 Mannheim Germany Tel. + 49 621 776-0 Fax +49
More informationCOMMUNICATION NETWORKS
Zone Applications (PROFIBU PA) MB eptember 2008 COMMUNICATION NETWORK FOR ZONE APPLICATION (PROFIBU PA) Michael Bean - 8 eptember 2008 INTRODUCTION: In recent years it has become increasingly popular to
More informationSpecifications. Specifications. Transfer Characteristics Accuracy at 20 C (68 F) Temperature Drift
Appendix A Specifications 1797-IE8 and -IE8NF Input Modules Specifications Number of Inputs IS Input Type IS Module Type Resolution Transfer Characteristics Accuracy at 20 C (68 F) Temperature Drift Functional
More informationHazardous environments
World class antenna solutions for Hazardous environments EX certified antennas for professional communication Amphenol PRIVATE NETWORKS 1 Procom Ex certified antennas Safety in places where mistakes cannot
More informationAbsolute encoders - SSI EX approval ATEX EEx d IIC T6 Optical single and multiturn encoders 14 bit ST / 12 bit MT
Features Encoder single- or multiturn / SSI / ATEX Optical sensing Resolution: singleturn 14 bit, multiturn 12 bit Clamping flange with shaft ø10 mm Explosion protection per EEx d IIC T6 Area of application:
More information10 Mb/s Single Twisted Pair Ethernet Powering in an Intrinsically Safe System Steffen Graber Pepperl+Fuchs
10 Mb/s Single Twisted Pair Ethernet Powering in an Intrinsically Safe System Steffen Graber Pepperl+Fuchs IEEE802.3 10 Mb/s Single Twisted Pair Ethernet Study Group 11/4/2016 1 Supporters David Brandt,
More informationExpert 1400 / Expert 3400 Submersible Hydrostatic Level Transmitters
Expert 1400 / Expert 3400 Submersible Hydrostatic Level Transmitters ll 2G EEx ia llc T6 As our products are continuously improved, we reserve the right to make any change in the stated specifications
More informationIsolators A3/1. Transmitter Supply Unit Field Circuit Ex i Series 9160
Series 9160 > Intrinsically safe input [Ex ia] IIC > Galvanic isolation between input, output and power supply > For use up to SIL 2, special version up to SIL 3 (IEC 61508) > High accuracy www.stahl.de
More informationDust removal filters for combustible dusts Information
MAHLE Industrialfiltration is now Filtration Group. For more information, visit www.filtrationgroup.com Information ATEX-compliant dust removal filters Features Explosion protection is stipulated for combustible
More informationSET Installation and Operating Instructions. Level switch for two sensors
Labkotec Oy Myllyhaantie 6 FI-33960 PIRKKALA FINLAND Tel: + 358 29 006 260 Fax: + 358 29 006 1260 20.2.2013 Internet: www.labkotec.fi 1/14 SET-2000 Level switch for two sensors Copyright 2013 Labkotec
More informationInnovative intrinsically safe concepts open up new perspectives in explosion protection - but they also require new test methods
Innovative intrinsically safe concepts open up new perspectives in explosion protection - but they also require new test methods Dr.-Ing. Udo Gerlach, Dr.-Ing. Ulrich Johannsmeyer The ignition behaviour
More informationIsolators A3/1. Transmitter Supply Unit Field Circuit Ex i Series 9160 Rev. F
Series 9160 Rev. F > Intrinsically safe input [Ex ia] IIC > Galvanic isolation between input, output and power supply > For use up to SIL 2, special version up to SIL 3 (IEC 61508) > High accuracy www.stahl.de
More informationIsolators A3/1. Ex i Power Supply Field Circuit Ex i Series
> Intrinsically safe output [Ex ib] IIC/IIB > Stable output voltage > Galvanic isolation between output and power supply > Power supply or 85... 230 V AC > Compact design www.stahl.de 07673E00 Basic function:
More informationFLEX Ex System Certification
FLEX Ex System Certification 1797 Series Reference Manual Important User Information Solid state equipment has operational characteristics differing from those of electromechanical equipment. Safety Guidelines
More informationAnalog Input Module HART Ex i / I.S. Inputs, Channels Type 9461/
> 4 channels for 2-wire HART transmitters and 4 channels for 4-wire HART transmitters > Intrinsically safe inputs Ex ia IIC > Galvanic separation between inputs and system > Open-circuit and short-circuit
More informationIsolators A3/1. Vibration Transducer Supply Unit Series
> For vibration, acceleration and speed sensors in 2- and 3-wire design > Space-saving dual-channel version > Signal frequencies up to 50 khz > Easy setting by means of front-side rotary switch > Galvanic
More informationRemote I/O. 74 Remote I/O. Remote I/O System
System Overview of the System Components IS1+ 76 General Information IS1+ 77 CPU & Power Modules CPU & Power Modules for Zone 1 / Div. 1 IS1+ 9440/22 78 Sockets for CPU & Power Module IS1+ 9490 78 CPU
More informationSafety in Hazardous Environments
Safety in Hazardous Environments World Class antenna solutions for Critical Industrial Applications EX certified antennas for professional communication 1 Improve quality of service Procom Ex certified
More informationTemperature Input Module for Zone 1 Series 9482/32
www.stahl.de > 8 channels for temperature sensors > Intrinsically safe inputs Ex ia > For Pt-, Ni- and Cu-resistance temperature detectors according to DIN, IEC and GOST in 2-, 3- and 4-wire circuits >
More informationIntrinsic Safety Circuit Design
Intrinsic afety Circuit Design Making instruments intrinsically safe need not seem like a nightmare. Here, the basics of intrinsic safety circuit design are discussed. Paul. Babiarz Intrinsic safety prevents
More informationIsolators A3/1.
> Compact limit value switch with 2 configurable limiting values and 4... 20 ma output > Suitable for 2-, 3-wire transmitters, 2-wire HART transmitters and ma sources > Intrinsically safe input [Ex ia]
More informationBinary Output Series 9175
Binary Output > Intrinsically safe output [Ex ia] IIC / [Ex ib] IIC > Galvanic isolation between input, output and power supply > Open-circuit and short-circuit monitoring (can be switched off) > For use
More informationUPAMD Low Energy Connect and Disconnect
UPAMD Low Energy Connect and Disconnect Bob Davis 201103171637 One of the goals of UPAMD as balloted by the Working Group is to have a spark-free connection. The working group recognizes that truly spark-free
More informationTitle: INTRINSIC SAFETY MADE EASY
Title: INTRINSIC SAFETY MADE EASY By: TH Kuan KL Automation Engineering Sdn. Bhd. ICA 2006 Date: 19.02.2006 Profile of Kuan Teik Hua Mr. Kuan is a Director for KL Automation Engineering Sdn Bhd. He has
More informationIsolating Repeater Input Series 9163
> For 4-wire HART transmitters and voltage sources > Intrinsically safe input [Ex ia] IIC > Galvanic isolation between input, output and power supply > For use up to SIL 2 (IEC 61508) > High accuracy www.stahl.de
More information3 Ex i Isolators. Temperature Transmitter with Output 0/ ma, without Limit Value Contact (Field Circuit Ex i) Type 9182/.0-5.
Ex i Isolators Temperature Transmitter with Output 0/4... 20 ma, without Limit Value Contact Field Circuit Ex i) One unit for nearly all temperature sensors indivdually configurable Intrinsically safe
More informationIntrinsically Safe Pressure Transmitter for highest pressure applications in hazardous environments Model IS-20-H
Replacement product: Model IS-3 Electronic Pressure Measurement Intrinsically Safe Pressure Transmitter for highest pressure applications in hazardous environments WIKA Data Sheet PE 81.51 Applications
More informationM224. M C bis. TYPE CODE M K Y 45 / 18 x 60 - / / / - #
Solenoid coil MKY/18x60 For explosion-hazard zones Protection class IP65/66/67 Optional with integrated amplifier electronics Ex db IIC T6 / T4 Gb Ex tb IIIC IP65 T80 C/T130 C Db Ex db I Mb II 2 G Ex db
More informationDigital Input Module 24 V Ex n Inputs, 16 Channels Series 9471
> 16 channels for active 0 / 24 V signals > Zone 2 / Division 2 version for connection of circuits acc. to Ex nl, Ex na, Nonincendive and Non-Ex > Galvanic separation between inputs and system > Two channels
More information06528E00. ATEX / IECEx NEC 505 NEC 506 NEC 500
Switching Repeater Series 9170 > Intrinsically safe input [Ex ia] IIC > Galvanic isolation between input, output and power supply > Open-circuit / short-circuit monitoring and messaging (can be switched
More informationPower supply. Calibration. Surface finishing. Seal. Process connection
Page 1 of 6 Description The measuring system is designed for flow measurement. Gas flow through the sensing section passes two PT 100 RTD transducers; one is used as a temperature sensing device whilst
More informationCHAPTER 15 GROUNDING REQUIREMENTS FOR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
CHAPTER 15 GROUNDING REQUIREMENTS FOR ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT A. General In a hazardous location grounding of an electrical power system and bonding of enclosures of circuits and electrical equipment in the
More informationBinary Output without Power Supply Series 9176
Binary Output without Power Supply Series 9176 > For intrinsically safe operation of Ex i solenoid valves, indicators and horns > Power supply by control circuit, loop powered > Intrinsically safe output
More information09746E00. ATEX / IECEx NEC 505 NEC 506 NEC 500 Class I Class I Class II Class III Zone Zone Division Ex i
Temperature Transmitter Series 9182 www.stahl.de > One unit for nearly all temperature sensors indivdually configurable > Intrinsically safe input [Ex ia] IIC > Signal duplication possible > Galvanic isolation
More informationLevel Measurement silometer FMX 570
Technical Information TI 01F/00/en Level Measurement silometer FMX 570 Measurement of liquids and bulk solids Suitable for explosion hazardous areas For use with capacitance and hydrostatic probes The
More informationFieldbus Isolating Repeater Series 9185/11
www.stahl.de > For operation of the intrinsically safe Profibus DP (RS-485 IS to PNO standard) > Intrinsically safe fieldbus RS-422, RS-485 [Ex ib] IIC > Galvanic isolation between RS-422 / RS-485, RS-232,
More information3 Ex i Isolators. Temperature Transmitter without Output 0/ ma, with Limit Value Contact (Field Circuit Ex i) Type 9182/.
Ex i Isolators Temperature Transmitter without Output 0/4... 20 ma, with Limit Value Contact Field Circuit Ex i) One unit for nearly all temperature sensors indivdually configurable Intrinsically safe
More information2007 DEHN + SÖHNE / protected by ISO EXFS / 5392
2007 DEHN + SÖHNE / protected by ISO 16016 EXFS 100 11.12.07 / 5392 Ex Isolating Spark Gaps EXFS 100 (923 100) and EXFS 100 KU (923 101) 2007 DEHN + SÖHNE / protected by ISO 16016 Ex isolating spark gap
More informationIsolators A3/1. Transmitter Supply Unit Field Circuit Ex i Series
Transmitter Supply Unit Series 9160 > Intrinsically safe input [Ex ia] IIC > Galvanic isolation between input, output and power supply > Open-circuit and short-circuit monitoring and messaging for input
More informationAssembly. Front view. Switch Power Rail
Switch Amplifier Features Assembly 1-channel isolated barrier 24 V DC supply (Power Rail) Dry contact or NAMUR input 2 passive transistor outputs (resistive acc. to EN 60947-5-6) Line fault transparency
More informationIncreasing security. Saving space. Gaining flexibility. Signal Conditioners for Industrial Automation
Increasing security. Saving space. Gaining flexibility. Signal Conditioners for Industrial Automation The SC-System: Interference-Free Signals, Maximum Performance The SC-System from Pepperl+Fuchs offers
More informationIECEx Hazardous Area Approvals Fisher FIELDVUE DVC6200 Series Digital Valve Controllers
Instruction Manual Supplement DVC6200 Digital Valve Controllers IECEx Hazardous Area Approvals Fisher FIELDVUE DVC6200 Series Digital Valve Controllers SIS Hazardous Area Approvals and Special Instructions
More informationCERTIFICATE OF COMPLIANCE
FM Approvals 1151 Boston Providence Turnpike P.O. Box 9102 Norwood, MA 0202 USA T: 781 72 400 F: 781-72-975 www.fmapprovals.com CERTIFICATE OF COMPLIANCE HAZARDOUS (CLASSIFIED) LOCATION ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
More informationRev ECN Description Approval Date AA Release to Approvals RCS 10/9/12
EB-20023137 Revision: AA Number of Pages: 13 Comments: Originator: RCS 10/05/12 Approved: RCS 10/05/12 Rev ECN Description Approval Date AA 1049085 Release to Approvals RCS 10/9/12 Micro Motion, Inc. Page
More informationDPharp Differential Pressure and Pressure Transmitters
User s Manual DPharp Differential Pressure and Pressure s Manual Change No. 12-021-2 For the products of EJX and EJA-E series with any of the following option codes, please refer to this manual change
More informationDigital Input Module NAMUR Ex i / I.S. Inputs, 16 Channels for Zone 1 / Div. 1 Series 9470/22
www.stahl.de > 16 channels for contacts and NAMUR proximity switches (EN 60947-5-6) > Intrinsically safe inputs Ex ia IIC > Galvanic separation between inputs and system > Open-circuit and short-circuit
More informationFM Hazardous Area Approvals Fisher FIELDVUE DVC6200 Series Digital Valve Controllers
Instruction Manual Supplement DVC6200 Digital Valve Controllers FM Hazardous Area Approvals Fisher FIELDVUE DVC6200 Series Digital Valve Controllers SIS Hazardous Area Approvals and Special Instructions
More informationGlass-fibre-reinforced polycarbonate. Dead zone Adaptive or fixed from % 1.5 s adjustable. 20 ms. 60 ms. 60 ms. Approx. 1.
General data Mounting On linear actuators On quarter turn actuators ARCA-integrated or to VDI/VDE 3847-1 or IEC 534-6 (NAMUR) Range of stroke: 3... 130 mm Integrated to VDI/VDE 3847-2 or VDI/VDE 3845 Angle
More informationOperating Manual. isolate501
Operating Manual isolate501 Document Number 413569 (See Last Page for Revision Details). Copyright Extronics Ltd, 2015 Page 2 of 21 Contents 1 Introduction... 4 2 Safety Information and Notes... 5 2.1
More informationGlass-fibre-reinforced polycarbonate. Dead zone Adaptive or fixed from % 20 ms. 60 ms. 60 ms. Approx. 1.3 kg. Approx. 0.9 kg. Approx. 5.
General data Mounting On linear actuators On quarter turn actuators ARCA-integrated or to VDI/VDE 3847-1 or IEC 534-6 (NAMUR) Range of stroke: 3... 130 mm Integrated to VDI/VDE 3847-2 or VDI/VDE 3845 Angle
More informationExpert 1400 / Expert 3400 Submersible Hydrostatic Level Transmitters
Expert 1400 / Expert 3400 Submersible Hydrostatic Level Transmitters Class l, Division 1 Group A-D IIC T4 As our products are continuously improved, we reserve the right to make any change in the stated
More informationCSA Hazardous Area Approvals Fisher FIELDVUE DVC6005 Series Remote Mount Digital Valve Controllers
Instruction Manual Supplement DVC6005 Digital Valve Controllers CSA Hazardous Area Approvals Fisher FIELDVUE DVC6005 Series Remote Mount Digital Valve Controllers Hazardous Area Approvals and Special Instructions
More informationD1061S INSTRUCTION MANUAL. RS422/RS485 Fieldbus Isolating Repeater Din-Rail Model D1061S. D RS422 / RS485 Fieldbus Isolating Repeater
DS INSTRUCTI MANUAL RS/RS Fieldbus Isolating Repeater Din-Rail Model DS D - RS / RS Fieldbus Isolating Repeater ISM00- Characteristics General Description: The single channel DIN Rail RS / RS Fieldbus
More informationAssembly. Front view. LED yellow: Relay output. LED red: LB/SC
Switch Amplifier Features Assembly -channel isolated barrier 30 V AC supply Dry contact or NAMUR inputs Relay contact output Line fault detection (LFD) Reversible mode of operation Up to SIL acc. to IEC
More informationAssembly. Front view. Power Rail
Thermometer Resistance Repeater Features Assembly 1-channel isolated barrier 24 V DC supply (Power Rail) RTD/resistance input Resistance output Accuracy 0.1 % Front view Removable terminals blue Function
More informationAnalog Universal Module HART for Zone 2 Series 9468/33
> 8 channels can be adjusted individually as analog inputs or outputs > Intrinsically safe inputs/outputs Ex ia > For 0/4 20 ma + HART signals > Line fault monitoring per channel > Diagnostics based on
More informationMT MOTORI ELETTRICI. Installation, operation, maintenance and safety manual for motors used in hazardous areas 1-II-2G 21-II-2D
MT MOTORI ELETTRICI Installation, operation, maintenance and safety manual for motors used in hazardous areas 1-II-2G 21-II-2D TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Scope of application 3. Installation
More informationCertificate of Compliance
FF01 Certificate of Compliance Certificate: 1294176 Master Contract: 209996 Project: 1294176 Issued to: Seika Mikrosystemtechnik GmbH Ellharter StraBe 10 D-87435 Kempten GERMANY The products listed below
More informationDigital Input Output Module 24 V for Ex n Zone 2 Series 9472/35
www.stahl.de > 16 channels can be adjusted in pairs as digital inputs or outputs > Suitable for NAMUR proximity switches, 3-wire PNP proximity switches, contacts and solenoid valves (24 V / 0.5 A). > Up
More informationCSA Hazardous Area Approvals Fisher FIELDVUE DVC6200 Series Digital Valve Controllers
Instruction Manual Supplement DVC6200 Digital Valve Controllers CSA Hazardous Area Approvals Fisher FIELDVUE DVC6200 Series Digital Valve Controllers SIS Hazardous Area Approvals and Special Instructions
More informationSINEAX TI 807 Passive DC signal isolator. SINEAX TI 807 Passive DC signal isolator
SINEAX TI 807 without power supply, Ex- and non-ex version, in housing N17 or S17 for rail and wall mounting 0102 II (1) G resp. II (2) G Application The signal isolator SINEAX TI 807 serves to electrically
More informationAssembly. Front view. LED yellow: Relay output I. LED red: LB/SC channel I. LED yellow: Relay output II. LED red: LB/SC channel II
Switch Amplifier Features Assembly -channel isolated barrier 5 V AC supply Dry contact or NAMUR inputs Relay contact output Line fault detection (LFD) Reversible mode of operation Up to SL acc. to EC 6508/EC
More informationDigital Input Output Module for Zone 2 Series 9470/33
www.stahl.de > 16 channels can be adjusted in pairs as digital input or output > Intrinsically safe inputs/outputs Ex ia > For contacts, NAMUR proximity switches and low-power solenoid valves > Up to 8
More informationIntrinsically Safe Pressure Transmitter for applications in hazardous environments and shipbuilding industry Model IS-20-S, IS-21-S, IS-20-F, IS-21-F
Replacement product: Model IS-3 Electronic Pressure Measurement Intrinsically Safe Pressure Transmitter for applications in hazardous environments and shipbuilding industry Model IS-20-S, IS-21-S, IS-20-F,
More informationSINEAX TI 807 Passive DC signal isolator
without power supply, Ex- and non-ex version, in housing N17 or S17 for rail and wall mounting 0102 II (1) G resp. II (2) G Application The signal isolator SINEAX TI 807 serves to electrically insulate
More informationAssembly. Front view. Switch Power Rail
Switch Amplifier Features Assembly 1-channel isolated barrier 24 V DC supply (Power Rail) Dry contact or NAMUR input 2 passive transistor outputs (resistive) Application-specific outputs Line fault transparency
More informationINSTRUCTION MANUAL (ATEX / IECEx)
INSTRUCTION MANUAL (ATEX / IECEx) STExS1 & STExS2 Sounder For use in Flammable Gas and Dust Atmospheres 1) Warnings DO NOT OPEN WHEN AN EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERE IS PRESENT POTENTIAL ELECTROSTATIC CHARGING
More informationThe SENSE and SIGNAL inputs are very high impedance and are unaffected by the (~384ohm) series resistance of the xx61p barriers.
Hazardous Area Application Note CSW and CPI. Indicator IS Barrier Applications. Ian Fellows LIMITED Introduction When the weight indicator or digitiser is not Intrinsically Safe (all current Ian Fellows
More informationSolexy USA, LLC International Blvd Cincinnati, Ohio Phone: Fax:
OVERVIEW The Solexy RX series explosion proof and intrinsically safe antenna coupler is an integrated protection device that facilitates non-ex certified radio antenna installation in hazardous areas.
More informationAssembly. Front view. LED yellow: Relay output I. LED red: LB/SC channel I. LED yellow: Relay output II. LED red: LB/SC channel II
Switch Amplifier Features Assembly -channel isolated barrier 30 V AC supply Dry contact or NAMUR inputs Relay contact output Line fault detection (LFD) Reversible mode of operation Up to SL acc. to EC
More informationDigital Input Output Module for Zone 2 Series 9470/33
www.stahl.de > 16 can be adjusted in pairs as digital input or output > Intrinsically safe inputs/outputs Ex ia > For contacts, NAMUR proximity switches and low-power solenoid valves > Up to 8 can be used
More informationD1035S INSTRUCTION MANUAL. Frequency-Pulse Isolating Repeater DIN Rail Model D1035S. D Frequency-Pulse Isolating Repeater
D1035S INSTRUCTION MANUAL FrequencyPulse Isolating Repeater DIN Rail Model D1035S D1035 FrequencyPulse Isolating Repeater ISM007910 Characteristics General Description: The single channel DIN Rail FrequencyPulse
More informationIntrinsic Safety Control Drawing
s Intrinsic Safety Control Drawing A5E00455287 system in total "No revision to drawing without prior Approval by FM Approvals!" PLC PC Non hazardous area PROFIBUS DP RS 485-IS Coupler PROFIBUS RS 485-IS
More informationData Sheet KFD2-UFC-EX1.D. Supplied by. .com. Call us on +44 (0)
Data Sheet KFD-UFC-EX1.D Supplied by.com Call us on +44 (0)118 916 940 Email info@47able.com Frequency Converter with Trip Values Features Assembly 1-channel isolated barrier 4 V DC supply (Power Rail)
More informationLF Conductivity Measuring Probe
LF Conductivity Measuring Probe Contents 1 General 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Application range 2 Safety 2.1 Warnings and symbols 3 Transport and storage 4 Application 5 Measuring principle 6 Assembly 7 Construction
More informationFor use in Flammable Gas and Dust Atmospheres
ISTRUCTIO MAUA (ATEX) BExCBG0505D Flameproof Combined / For use in Flammable Gas and Dust Atmospheres 1) Introduction The BExCBG0505D is a second generation flameproof combined beacon / beacon which is
More informationANALYSIS OF FAULTS INTERRUPTED BY GENERATOR
ANALYSIS OF FAULTS INTERRUPTED BY GENERATOR CIRCUIT BREAKER SF 6 ING. VÁCLAV JEŽEK PROF. ING. ZDENĚK VOSTRACKÝ, DRSC., DR.H.C. Abstract: This article describes the analysis of faults interrupted by generator
More informationInstallation and Operating Instructions Differential pressure transmitter for potentially explosive areas. MG-1000-EEx USAGE STRUCTURE AND DESIGN
Installation and Operating Instructions Differential pressure transmitter for potentially explosive areas Mimablad: 176GB/1999-10-25 Ersätter: MG-1000-EEx USAGE MG-1000-EEx is suitable for use in measurement
More informationFieldbus Solutions & Network Topologies. ISA Exhibition Toronto May 12, 2004
Fieldbus Solutions & Network Topologies ISA Exhibition Toronto May 12, 2004 Fieldbus Solutions During this presentation we will talk about different network topologies and Fieldbus solutions for different
More informationDescription. Annexe to: IECEx CML X Issue 1. Isolating Amplifier D461
October 13, 2017 Annexe to: IECEx CML 15.0063X Issue 1 Applicant: Apparatus: Braun GmbH Isolating Amplifier D461 Description The Isolating Amplifier D461 is an intrinsic safety associated apparatus
More informationDigital Input Output Module for Zone 1 Series 9470/32
www.stahl.de > 16 can be adjusted in pairs as digital input or output > Intrinsically safe inputs/outputs Ex ia > For contacts, NAMUR proximity switches and low-power solenoid valves > Up to 8 can be used
More informationINSTRUCTION MANUAL. SIL 3 - SIL 2 Digital Output Loop/Bus Powered DIN-Rail Models D1040Q, D1041Q, D1042Q, D1043Q, D1040Q - D1041Q - D1042Q - D1043Q
DQ DQ DQ D3Q INSTRUCTION MANUAL SIL 3 SIL Digital Output Loop/Bus Powered DINRail Models DQ, DQ, DQ, D3Q, D* SIL 3 SIL Digital Output Loop / Bus Powered ISM SIL Applications For Safety Related System and
More informationSafety Manual. Omni-ID UHF Tags
Safety Manual Omni-ID UHF Tags This page is intentionally left blank. Document Number 330556 (See Last Page for Revision Details) 2012 Extronics Limited. This document is Copyright Extronics limited. Extronics
More informationAppendix B Experimental equipment and procedures
2 4 Appendix B Experimental equipment and procedures B.1 Spark generator details The detailed schematic layout for generation of high-voltage pulses used in the spark generator described in [29] is shown
More informationFLEX Ex Thermocouple/RTD Input Module
Installation Instructions FLEX Ex Thermocouple/RTD Input Module Catalog Number 1797-IRT8 Contents For Information About See Page Important User Information 2 Module Installation 3 Installation in Zone
More informationInterfaces Galvanic Isolators Trip Amplifiers Converters:
Interfaces between field mounted devices in explosive hazardous areas and non hazardous areas are useful to prevent a transfer of ignition energy from the non hazardous area into the explosive hazardous
More informationTransducer transmitter BILT 4 II 2(1) G. Technical Manual
GB Transducer transmitter BILT 4 II 2(1) G Technical Manual Transducer transmitter BILT 4 Contents Introduction General... 3 Ex.safety description... 4 Technical data... 5 Installation General... 6 Mechanical
More informationIntrinsically safe pressure transmitter MBS 4201, MBS 4251, MBS 4701 and MBS 4751
Data sheet Intrinsically safe pressure transmitter MBS 420, MBS 425, MBS 470 and MBS 475 The intrinsically safe pressure transmitter program is designed for use in hazardous environments and offers a reliable
More informationPROCESS AUTOMATION MANUAL FIELDBARRIER
PROCESS AUTOMATION MANUAL FIELDBARRIER SCHULUNG V2 With regard to the supply of products, the current issue of the following document is applicable: The General Terms of Delivery for Products and Services
More informationDevelopment of Explosion-proof Autonomous Plant Operation Robot for Petrochemical Plants
1 Development of Explosion-proof Autonomous Plant Operation Robot for Petrochemical Plants KOJI SHUKUTANI *1 KEN ONISHI *2 NORIKO ONISHI *1 HIROYOSHI OKAZAKI *3 HIROYOSHI KOJIMA *3 SYUHEI KOBORI *3 For
More informationSafety Instructions Proline Promag 500
XA01524D/06/EN/01.16 71327947 Products Solutions Services Safety Instructions Proline Promag 500 Cl.I, II, III Div.1 for XP (Ex d Flameproofed version) C US Document: XA01524D Safety instructions for electrical
More informationPage 1 of 5 Attachment to IECEx TUN X Issue 0
Page 1 of 5 IECEx TR: File reference: DE/TUN/ExTR12.0022/00 12 217 098526 IECEx QAR: File reference: DE/QAR/TUN/06.0002/04 QAR TUN 04.0002 The microwave sensors type series VEGAFLEX FX8*(*).*D****A/H/B/I/U*****
More informationFM Safety Manual. Omni-ID UHF Tags
FM Safety Manual Omni-ID UHF Tags This page is intentionally left blank. Document Number 334169 (See Last Page for Revision Details) 2012 Extronics Limited. This document is Copyright Extronics limited.
More informationmegablock series passive hubs for fieldbus networks
passive hubs for fieldbus networks Relcom megablock series Megablocks are DIN-rail mounted passive hubs for Foundation fieldbus networks. They connect several field devices to the network trunk cable and
More informationSBEx-2S BINARY SEPARATOR
SBEx2S BNARY SEPARATOR accompanying device of group of category (M1), group i category (1), two channels in one rail housing (TS35, width 22.5mm), level ia intrinsically safe input circuits compliance
More informationPressure transmitters MBS 4201, MBS 4251, MBS 4701 and MBS 4751
060R9345 Instructions Pressure transmitters MBS 4201, MBS 4251, MBS 4701 and MBS 4751 Content Page 1 Description/application 2 Identification 3 Specifications 4 Safety instructions 5 Installation/dimensions
More information