Key Notions 01/10/2017. Baroque Architecture. Sunday, October 1, 2017 Course Outline. -Colossal -Greek/Latin cross -Plan (axial and central)

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1 Baroque Architecture Or, a World in Motion St. Lawrence, 10/1/2017 Sunday, October 1, 2017 Course Outline Movements of the Renaissance Michelangelo and Mannerism Bernini and Borromini From the Renaissance to the Baroque: facades From the Renaissance to the Baroque: St. Peter s Key Notions -Colossal -Greek/Latin cross -Plan (axial and central) 1

2 Movements of the Renaissance Brunelleschi -Bramante -Palladio -Alberti Early High Late Renaissance Mannerism Baroque -Michelangelo -Romano -Della Porta -Maderno -Bernini -Borromini Europe, 1500 Source: 6 Michelangelo ( ) Or, Beyond the High Renaissance into Mannerism 2

3 Michelangelo, The New Sacristy San Lorenzo Church, 1520, Florence Source: 10 & 2 High Mannerism Baroque Michelangelo, The New Sacristy San Lorenzo Church, 1520, Florence Mannerism -Subversion of Orders -Alternation in pediments -Hanging motifs Source: 10 & 2 High Mannerism Baroque Brunelleschi, Pazzi Chapel; Michelangelo, The New Sacristy In common 1. Pietra serena 2. Pendentives 3. Decorative pilasters 4. Square/circle Differences 1. Doors 2. White walls 3. Lines on floor 4. Tiled floor 5. Superimposition of Orders Source: 7 & 10 Early Mannerism 3

4 Capitoline Hill Michelangelo, Rome, 1538 Source: 2 High Mannerism Baroque Michelangelo, Capitoline Hill Senate Building Capitoline Hill Michelangelo, Rome, 1538 Source: 7 High Mannerism Baroque 4

5 The Baroque With Bernini and Borromini Sant Andréa al Quirinale Gianlorenzo Bernini ( ), Rome, Source: 9 High Mannerism Baroque Bernini, Sant Andréa al Quirinale Altar and Plan 5

6 Bernini, Sant Andréa al Quirinale Dome Sant Andrea video High Mannerism Baroque Francesco Borromini ( ) Saint Charles of the Four Fountains Rome, ; façade, 1665 Saint Charles video Borromini, Saint Charles of the Four Fountains Dome and Plan Source: 12 High Mannerism Baroque 6

7 Facades From the High Renaissance to the Baroque Guidetto Guidetti, Santa Catarina Rome, 1564 Source: 7 & 8 High Mannerism Baroque Il Gesu Giacomo Della Porta, Rome,

8 Santa Suzanna Carlo Maderno, Rome, 1597 Source: 7 High Mannerism Baroque Martino Longhi, Saint Vincent Rome, Source: 7 High Mannerism Baroque A History of Facades Source: 7 8

9 St. Peter s From the High Renaissance to the Baroque Bramante, St. Peter s Rome, 1505 Central plan Greek Cross Raphael, Julius II, High Mannerism Baroque Michelangelo, St. Peter s Rome, Source: 8 Late Mannerism 9

10 Michelangelo, St. Peter s: Canopy (Bernini, , Gilded Bronze, 30 m high) St. Peter s video Source: 8 Dome is Mannerist Altar is Baroque Carlo Maderno ( ), St. Peter s Rome, Axial plan Latin Cross Bernini, St. Peter s Rome, 1656 St. Peter s Piazza video 10

11 Review Michelangelo s toying with Classicism inspired Mannerism, a movement that paralleled the Late Renaissance until the arrival of the Baroque Baroque architecture aims at suggesting movement 1) by warping Classicism (e.g. the circle to the oval), 2) by the idea that more is better (e.g. multiplication of supports), and 3) by playing with lines, namely broken ones Conclusion The expansion of the world fragilized man s confidence in his understanding of it and shattered his idealized epistemological tower However, with reality superseding idealism, a new dynamic approach to scientific analysis took hold of man s spirit, which translated in art by a focus on movement and no-longer-idealized Classicism 11