The Renaissance. THE DAWN OF A NEW AGE Use the online notes guide to find the correct answers.

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1 THE DAWN OF A NEW AGE Use the online notes guide to find the correct answers. The Renaissance is the r of Europe, a period when scholars became more interested in studying the w around them, when a became more *l f l k, and when Europeans began to e new lands. Arab s preserved the writings of the ancient G in their l. When t from cities in northern I came into contact with A, they exchanged i as well as g. Many C scholars moved to Italy from G after the B empire fell to the T in 14. The Renaissance influenced p, sculpture, and a. Painting became more r and focused less often on r topics. Rich families became p by c great a. Artists advanced the R style of showing n and depicting the f of people. Answer in complete sentences 1. The word Renaissance comes from what language? What does the term mean? 2. Why did the Renaissance begin in northern Italy? Support your answer. 3. Write a paragraph that explains why learning and the arts flourished during the Renaissance. Use strong paragraph format with a lead sentence, supporting details and a conclusion.

2 HUMANISM Many Renaissance s were i by the c, the works of the ancient G and R. Roman *e and Christian *p kept order in Europe for more than a millennium, but the scholars found a spirit in the a texts that valued i. People who studied the c were known as h. Humanists recreated ancient G and R styles in a, literature, and a. Humanists believed they could understand p and the w better through an *u d r t n i g of the c. One humanist wrote, To each s of c has been a a p and i gift. To horses g, to birds f, comes n. To m only is g the d to l. The humanists emphasized the importance of secular, or nonr values, which often put them at odds with the c. 4. What were the classics? Who were the humanists? 5. Do you agree or disagree with the quote, To each species of creature has been allotted a peculiar and instinctive gift. To horses galloping, to birds flying, comes naturally. To man only is given the desire to learn. Defend your answer from a Christian perspective. 6. Why were the humanists often at odds with the church?

3 Gutenberg Use the online notes guide to find the correct answers. Read the entire section on Gutenberg before you begin because the answers at the beginning of this section come in part from the end of the passage. Johann G was a G goldsmith who *i the p press, a m that allowed him *m -produce *w material. G did not make any money for his *i because p did not exist, so anyone could build a printing press without c Gutenberg for his i. Gutenberg hadn t really invented anything. His genius was to combine or improve elements that already existed. Block printing had been invented by the C more than *f centuries before the printing press, but Gutenberg used separate, movable blocks for each *c instead of a single wood-carved block for an entire page. The Egyptians and Chinese created i from the s of f and mixed it with s. Later civilizations used p material to generate ink, particularly the dark blue i plant. Gutenberg improved on this by using an o based ink. Guttenberg s p press was successful despite the o j c i n of some g and r leaders, who feared the i would s subversive i. By 1500, G s inspiration spawned printing p throughout Europe. 7. Describe how Gutenberg s invention worked. 8. Why did literacy increase after Guttenberg invented the printing press? 9. What was the biggest drawback of Chinese block printing? 10. Why do you think Gutenberg chose the Bible as the first book to be printed? Support your answer.

4 CITY-STATES IN ITALY The Renaissance began in trading cities in the northern part of the Italian p n n u a. Genoa, V, Pisa, and F were centers of p and w that became the c of the R. Venice is a c of i on the n edge of the p. The primary i in V and Genoa during the R was s. Florence and Pisa p because of the w industry. Wealthy m in the Italian c became p of the arts. P comes from the L word for f. Patrons hired a to fill their homes with beautiful p and s. They *p r h s d rare books and paid s to t. The m and e of the p, together with that of the c, made the m of R art p Why did shipbuilding become the primary industry in Venice? 12. Venice became the most prosperous city in the world in the 13 th century by collecting taxes on merchandise brought into its harbor. Why do you think Venice became the most attractive port city of the region? THE MEDICI The leading f of F chose C de M, a wealthy b, to take c of their g. The *F o i t n families wanted a s person to l them against the growing t of r cities. Cosimo maintained the a of r government, but he appointed r and people he could c to important p. The Medici f remained in control of F after C died in 14. Cosimo s g, Lorenzo, was the most famous member of the M family. Lorenzo had many t. He was a shrewd b, and a clever p along with being a s and a p. Under the l of L the M, Florence became one of the most b and p cities in Italy, as well as a c of the R.

5 . 13. The leading families of Florence chose Cosimo de Medici to be a strong leader. The American government is equally balanced between the president and his staff, congress and the courts. Do you think it is better to have a strong leader as in Florence, a strong legislature as in ancient Athens, or a balanced government as in America? Explain your reasoning. 14. Explain how the Medici kept control of Florence for generations. SOCIAL LEVELS The people of F were composed of f social c during the R. The n lived on huge e outside the c walls. They behaved according to the rules of c and d the newly r merchants. The m gained w in i like b, w processing, and *s building. The m sought to p their w by c the g and m into n families. They g public *a p o a by patronizing great a. Shopkeepers and p composed the m class of Florence. Most of the people of F belonged to the lowest c : the w. Life for the workers was very difficult. With no job p, they could easily be d from their jobs. While life was grueling for the *u b n workers, they were better off than the p who lived in r areas.

6 RENAISSANCE ART Renaissance artists and their p expressed themselves through *p and sculpture long before the advent of the electronic media. Renaissance p wanted a that showed j in human b and life s p. Renaissance a is more l than the a of the M A. Renaissance artists studied p, or the d in the w things l when they are c to s or f away. Perspective gave R paintings the illusion of d. A Florentine a named G was one of the f to p in this n style. Giotto s p showed real e. People and objects are less *f in his work. Leonardo da V was a man of many t. Leonardo s art included the mysterious M L, but he was a R Man, with s in many fields. L was also a s and an i. Like Leonardo, M Buonarroti was another R Man. Michelangelo was famous as a s, a p, and an a. He d the d of St. P s church in R. Nearby, M s paintings cover the c of the S Chapel. 15. How was Renaissance art different from the art that preceded it? 16. Where was Leonardo da Vinci born? 17. Name two of Leonardo da Vinci s paintings. 18. What was unique about Michelangelo s Moses? 19. What is the Sistine Chapel & what did Michelangelo paint on the ceiling?

7 THE RENAISSANCE SPREADS 20. How did the ideas of the Renaissance travel far from the Italian peninsula? 21. Why was William Shakespeare the best-known writer of the Renaissance? 22. How were Pieter Bruegel s paintings different from the Italian paintings? MACHIAVELLI Niccolo M believed that I could not be u unless the *p s ruler was r. He a rulers to be k only if it suited their p. He believed that it was better that a ruler was f than l. 23. Do you agree with Machiavelli that it is more important that a ruler be feared than loved? Explain your answer. How does that idea relate from a Christian perspective when we are to fear God and love Him? 24. What does it mean to say someone is Machiavellian? Name a famous person who you think fits this description. 25. When do you feel it is appropriate for a ruler to be a fox, and when is it appropriate to be a lion? In other words, when is it important to use physical strength, and when is it for a ruler their use their wits?

Home work. Fill in the Blanks Use your study sheet to find the correct answers. THE DAWN OF A NEW AGE

Home work. Fill in the Blanks Use your study sheet to find the correct answers. THE DAWN OF A NEW AGE Date: 1 THE DAWN OF A NEW AGE The Renaissance is the r of Europe, a period when scholars became more interested in studying the w around them, when a became more *l f l k, and when Europeans began to e