PiXL Independence. Technology Answer Booklet KS4. CAD, CAM and ICT. Contents: I. Multiple Choice Questions 10 credits in total

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1 PiXL Independence Technology Answer Booklet KS4 CAD, CAM and ICT Contents: I. Multiple Choice Questions 10 credits in total II. III. IV. Shorter Answer Questions 10 credits each Exam Style Questions 100 credits each Academic Reading 50 credits each 1

2 1. Which of the following is the term CAD? a. Computer Allowed Design b. Computer Aided Design c. Creative Able Designer d. Creative Aided Design 2. Which of the following is the term CAM? a. Computer Aided Manufacture b. Computer Aided Maker c. Creative Able Manufacturer d. Creative Aided Manufacture I. Multiple Choice Questions Which of the following does Computer Aided software enable a designer to do? a. Develop a range of designs quickly b. Present a design in a nice way c. To create a 3D drawing d. To not have to use a pencil 3. Which of the following does Computer Aided Manufacture enable the design process to achieve? a. A Human not having to make a product b. In large- scale production, the results are consistent (always the same) c. To create a 3D product d. A machine can work all of the time 4. Which of the following is an advantage of CAM? a. The software itself is expensive so initial costs are high b. Can be slower than traditional methods for one- off or low- volume production c. Staff need to be trained how to use the software and machinery, which adds to costs d. Enables very high accuracy levels in large- scale production 5. Which of the following is a dis- advantage of CAM? a. In large- scale production, the results are consistent (always the same) b. Enables very high accuracy levels in large- scale production c. Staff need to be trained how to use the machinery, which adds to costs d. Usually speeds up production of low- volume products 6. Which of the following is an advantage of CAD? a. The software itself can be expensive so initial costs are high. b. Can be more accurate than hand- drawn designs - it reduces human error. c. Staff need to be trained how to use the software, which also adds to costs. d. Requires a PC to enable work to be carried out. 7. Which of the following is a dis- advantage of CAD? a. There are free software packages. b. You can save and edit ideas, which makes it easier and cheaper to modify your design as you go along. c. You can modify existing ideas, which saves time. d. Staff need to be trained how to use the software, which also adds to costs. 8. Which of the following are computer software for CAD? a. Pro Desktop b. Designer 3D c. Computer Pro Designer d. Auto- Design 2

3 9. Which of the following is a piece of CAM machinery? a. Computer b. Pillar Drill c. Band Saw d. Laser Cutter 10. Which of the following statements describes 3D Printing? a. Layers of material are formed under computer control to create a 3D object b. A 3D image c. A 3D object printed out on a piece of paper d. Printing pictures to place on the side of an object s surface II. Shorter Answer Questions 1. Explain what CAD is CAD, or computer aided design is the use of computer technology for the development of a product or structure that can be visualised in three dimensions. 2. Explain what CAM is CAM, or computer aided manufacturing is the use of machines that are controlled by computers that engrave and cut to manufacture a part or a fully finished product. 3. State one machine that can be used to produce a CAM Product Laser Cutter, 3D Printer, Milling Machine, Vinyl Cutter, CNC Router, CNC Lathe, Plasma Cutter. 4. Describe an example of CAD software Auto Cad, Pro Desktop, 2d/Techsoft Design, Solid Works, Google Sketch- up. 5. What are the advantages of using CAM to produce a product? Machines can work quicker than a human to produce more quantity in a short period of time Machines can manufacture a product with more accuracy Every product produced by a machine is identical to the next one It is more efficient as products can be manufactured 24/7 It is able to manufacture more complex shapes than that of a human eye and body [4 marks] 6. What are the advantages of applying CAD to design a product? You can develop ideas quickly in a short period of time If you make a mistake you can correct easily You can send files quickly through or another messaging software You can design more accurately by applying exact measurements for a product You can apply a rendered finish so you can visualise the product in 3 dimensions [4 marks] 3

7. Explain the disadvantages of using CAD in design The initial high cost to setup the computer hardware and software to design the products Workers need to be trained to use the software confidently

Explain the disadvantages of using CAM in design The cost to setup the equipment is high at first The machines can let off toxins and fumes if not ventilated appropriately Loss of traditional hand

4 7. Explain the disadvantages of using CAD in design The initial high cost to setup the computer hardware and software to design the products Workers need to be trained to use the software confidently Viruses can occur on the computer and files could be lost or become corrupt You need a computer to be able to use the software It doesn't always accurately simulate 'real world' ideas [4 marks] 8. Explain the disadvantages of using CAM in design The cost to setup the equipment is high at first The machines can let off toxins and fumes if not ventilated appropriately Loss of traditional hand making skills If the machine breaks it is a high cost to the company for time lost on manufacturing People are made redundant and lose their jobs as they are replaced by the machine [4 marks] 9. What does CNC mean. Give an example of what it can do Computer Numerical Control (1 mark) It can manufacture a product through the use of a cutting tool on either a router, milling or lathe machine. (1 mark) 10. What two effects can a laser cutter have on a material? Engrave; engrave an image or a pattern onto the surface of the material at various depths Cut; to cut through the whole of the material to create a whole product or a component. 11. Machine? 3D Printer Application? To create a 3D prototype What does it do? Applies layers of material to produce a 3D object. 12. What is a risk of the laser cutter? The fumes produced from the laser cutting or engraving into a material How do you prevent this? Have a filter or extractor attached to the machine 4

5 13. Describe 3 benefits of using CAD software to develop a design idea compared with using traditional drawing tools [6 marks] Traditional Drawing Tools: you do not need to use or be trained to use drawing equipment accurately to create a design. Develop an idea: You can develop ideas very quickly by changing a small part of the design. By hand you would have to redraw the design out again and then add the change to develop it. Perspective and Proportion: the CAD software can allow you to draw the design in a specific perspective and also keep the image in proportion to make it look real. 14. Describe what possible social effect CAD/CAM could have? CAD and CAM can have a social effect in the following ways: If you are developing ideas quickly in a shorter period of time you will need fewer workers on the design stage in the company, so they are no longer needed and will be relieved of their jobs. If you have machines to manufacture the product again you will not need as many workers and their traditional hand making skills as the machine can make more products in a shorter amount of time and use the materials more efficiently too. 15. How could ICT be used to gather information from possible clients and how would this benefit the design process? ICT can be used to gather information in a number of ways to aid the development of a design idea: Possible Answers: Use the internet to create an online survey or questionnaire to gather information on people s opinions about your possible product or proposal. Use Computer software to present and communicate information gathered from an online survey or questionnaire as part of the research in the form of graphs. Use to communicate with possible clients about a design proposal you are creating and developing for them. You can communicate throughout the whole design process to ensure the design meets the overall outcome and needs. Use presentation software to pitch a design or concept to possible clients. 5

6 III. Essay Style Questions 1. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of using CAD/CAM in Design CAD advantages You can develop ideas quickly in a short period of time If you make a mistake you can correct it easily You can send files quickly through or another messaging software You can design more accurately by applying exact measurements for a product You can apply a rendered finish so you can visualise the product in 3 dimensions CAD disadvantages Machines can work quicker than a human to produce more quantity in a short period of time Machines can manufacture a product with more accuracy Every product machined is identical to the next one It is more efficient as products can be manufactured 24/7 It is able to manufacture more complex shapes than that of a human eye and body CAD disadvantages The initial high cost to setup the computer hardware and software to design the products Workers need to be trained to use the software confidently Viruses can occur on the computer and files could be lost or become corrupt You need a computer to be able to use the software It doesn't always accurately simulate 'real world' ideas CAM disadvantages The cost to setup the equipment is high at first The machines can let off toxins and fumes if not ventilated appropriately Loss of traditional hand making skills If the machine breaks it is a high cost to the company for time lost on manufacturing People are made redundant and lose their jobs as they are replaced by the machine [8 marks] 2. Designers can make use of Computer Aided Design (CAD) software to produce virtual models of their designs. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of using CAD for virtual modelling instead of traditional modelling techniques [8 marks] Advantages: It is quick to produce a virtual 3D model/therefore saving time and money It can be easily modified/therefore you do not need to redraw the design if you wish to make a change It can be rendered to look like it is made in any material/so you can quickly visualise how will look if made from a variety of materials It can be ed anywhere in the world/saving the time and expense of postage It can be transferred to the manufacturer/saving time and money It can be shared instantly with the client/reducing the time it takes to get a successful design Disadvantages: The initial set up cost is expensive/both the hardware and design software are expensive If there is a technical fault all your work can be lost/computers can fail and this would be costly in terms of time and money Your idea can be hacked/computers can be accessed by other people and ideas stolen You need good IT skills to design in 3D/this may involve employing a different workforce or retraining the existing workforce. 3. Describe how Information and Communication Technology (ICT) can be used to communicate and present ideas during design development. [6 marks] Design: CAD + detail point/use, Power point presentation, e- mail, video conferencing, named software packages e.g. Solid works, 2D design PCB wizard Manufacture: CAM + detail point/use, Computer Integrated Manufacture CIM, Numerical Control NC State 6 of the above points or explain 3 of them in detail. 6

4. State three types of CNC Machine and state what you might use them to manufacture [6 marks] Milling Machine: used to remove material both horizontally and vertically to create a mould.

7 4. State three types of CNC Machine and state what you might use them to manufacture [6 marks] Milling Machine: used to remove material both horizontally and vertically to create a mould. CNC Router: used to remove material in a channel on a material for example the rebate for a photo- frame. CNC Lathe: used to turn a material in a rotational direction and removed with a cutting tool. Could be used to create a chair or table leg. 5. Explain how a 3D Printer is effective in the development of a rapid prototype design [6 marks] Effective use of material: uses the exact amount of material to manufacture and create the design from the CAD software. Quick and efficient: develop a 3- dimensional prototype design in a short amount of time whilst also being exact and accurate. Scaled Design: it can create an exact scaled down prototype in 3 Dimensions, this enables someone to produce a small model before developing a full scaled design. 6. Discuss how the use of Computer Aided Design (CAD) has helped graphic designers. Give examples to support your answer [8 marks] Access to images, manipulation, differentiation of design, library, instant results, access to internet/cam, proofs, virtual models, realism, storage space, ease of communication ( ), editing for clients, flexible work space, accuracy to aid manufacture. Dimensional accuracy (Accuracy needs justifying). 7. Looking at the product below state how could you use CAD and CAM to ensure the product is exactly the same size if a batch of ten were to be manufactured. Use notes and sketches to show how you would make a batch of ten note pad holders in a school workshop. At each stage, name all the possible CAD/CAM tools, equipment or software you would use [8 Marks] Stage 1: Marking out or CAD (Computer Aided Design) [4 marks] Sufficient detail for the design to be drawn by CAD by a third party. Most tools, equipment/software given. Look for details relating to: Computer hardware Naming software Net on screen Use of different colours 7

8 Stage 2: Cutting and shaping or CAM (Computer Aided Manufacture) [4 marks] Sufficient detail for the design to be manufactured by CAM. Most tools and equipment given. Look for details relating to: Transfer of data to CAM Laser cutter/cnc router Setting up the laser/holding/autofocus Coloured lines Power setting 8

9 Commissioned by The PiXL Club Ltd. This resource is strictly for the use of member schools for as long as they remain members of The PiXL Club. It may not be copied, sold, or transferred to a third party or used by the school after membership ceases. Until such time it may be freely used within the member school. All opinions and contributions are those of the authors. The contents of this resource are not connected with, or endorsed by, any other company, organisation or institution. PiXL Club Ltd endeavour to trace and contact copyright owners. If there are any inadvertent omissions or errors in the acknowledgements or usage, this is unintended and PiXL will remedy these on written notification. 9

GCSE DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY RESISTANT MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY

GCSE DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY RESISTANT MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY 45601 Mark scheme 4560 June 2014 Version: 1.0 Final Mark schemes are prepared by the Lead Assessment Writer and considered, together with the relevant