AN ANALYSIS OF TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES OF PHYSICAL TERMS INTO INDONESIAN IN THE SCIENCE BOOK SCIENCE ACTIVITIES HEAT AND ENERGY VOLUME 4

Transcription

1 AN ANALYSIS OF TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES OF PHYSICAL TERMS INTO INDONESIAN IN THE SCIENCE BOOK SCIENCE ACTIVITIES HEAT AND ENERGY VOLUME 4 THESIS Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for Sarjana Degree at English Department of Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts University of Sebelas Maret By HERMANTO C ENGLISH DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF LETTERS AND FINE ARTS UNIVERSITY OF SEBELAS MARET SURAKARTA 2013

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5 MOTTO isy kariman au mut syahidan Be a good Moslem or die as Syuhada Hidup mulia atau mati syahid v

6 DEDICATION I whole-heartedly dedicate this thesis to: My beloved family: Incredible Father and Mother, Brothers and Sisters My Grand mother My Prospective wife in waiting vi

7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Alhamdulillaahirabbil aalamiin wa laa haula wa laa quwwata illaa billaah. All praises just for Allah SWT, the Almighty who gave me power and ability to finish this memorable duty in my life, and who also educates me through His beautiful guidance especially during conducting my study in Sebelas Maret University to get the best life and love, insyaallah. Shalawat and salam for the noble prophet Muhammad SAW, the best model of people along period that we hope his syafa at in the hereafter. Eventually, I can complete this thesis after several years struggle in patience and hard effort. I realize that without help and support from the other people this thesis will not be finished successfully. Hereby, I would like to give my deep gratitude to those having given me valuable contribution: 1. My beloved Father and Mother, the incredible parents educating me to be your shalih child. I thank you all for advices, motivation, support, pray, and everything you have given to me all the time, particularly dealing with this thesis. I love you both and I promise to make you happy in this world and the hereafter life, isyaallah. 2. The Dean of faculty of Letters and Fine Arts of Sebelas Maret University, Drs. Riyadi Santosa, M. Ed, Ph. D., for approving this thesis to be examined. vii

8 3. The Head of English Department of Sebelas Maret University, Drs. Agus Hari Wibowo, M.A., Ph. D. for giving me admission to this thesis to be examined. 4. My thesis consultant, Ida Kusuma Dewi, S. S., M. A., for her patience in guiding me to finish this thesis through her concern, support and critical advices. Jazakumullah khairan katsiran. 5. My raters: Miss. Shinta Dammayanti, Mr. Dion, and Miss. Rizka Yanuarti for their participation in conducting my thesis. 6. My brothers (Heriyanto, Heru Budi L., and Muh. Ammar Abdurrahim) and sisters (Sri Hartini and Iffah Zainun Nafisah). Thanks for your pray and support till I can finish this thesis. I love you all. 7. Ustadz Yusuf Manshur, my religious teacher, thanks for the great advices. 8. Hanif Genang Setyaji and Arya Wardana for their sincerity to help me by their suggestion, support, and facilities, etc.. Jazakumullah khairan 9. Anita Rusjayanti, Niken Retno, and Cinditya, I thank you all for lending me your thesis as my reference and for sharing and giving me suggestion dealing with my thesis that really help me in conducting it. 10. And for those who have given beneficial contribution in my thesis that I may not be able to mention one by one. Once again, I say thank you for all. Surakarta, February 2013 Hermanto viii

9 TABLE OF CONTENTS APPROVAL BY THE THESIS SUPERVISOR... ii APPROVAL BY THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS... iii PRONOUNCEMENT... iv MOTTO... v DEDICATION... vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENT... vii TABLE OF CONTENTS... ix LIST OF TABLES... xii ABSTRACT... xiii CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION A. Research Background... 1 B. Research Limitation... 4 C. Research Problems... 5 D. Research Objectives... 5 E. Research Benefits... 5 F. Research Organization... 6 ix

10 CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW A. Definition of Translation... 9 B. Translation Procedures C. Difficulties in Translation D. Translation Techniques E. Translation Quality F. Translation Quality Assessment G. Scientific Language and Technical Language H. Scientific and Technical Translation I. Definition of Science and Physics J. Scientific Terms Related to Physics K. Category of Terms L. Characteristic of Terms RESEARCH METHODOLOGY A. Research Type and Design B. Data and Source of Data C. Sampling Technique D. Method of Data Collection E. Technique of Data Analysis F. Research Procedures x

11 CHAPTER IV: DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION A. The Analysis of Translation Techniques B. The Analysis of Translation Quality C. Discussion CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION A. Conclusion B. Recommendation BIBLIOGRAPHY APPENDICES xi

12 LIST OF TABLES Table 3.1 The Scale of Translation Accuracy Table 3.2 The Scale of Translation Acceptability Table 4.1 The data translated using Borrowing technique Table 4.2 The data translated using Calque technique Table 4.3 The data translated using Calque & Borrowing technique Table 4.4 The data translated using Modulation technique Table 4.5 The data translated using Description technique Table 4.6 The data translated using Established equivalent technique Table 4.7 The data translated using Particularization technique Table 4.8 The data translated using Linguistic amplification technique Table 4.9 The data translated using Literal translation technique Table 4.10 The data translated using Transposition technique Table 4.11 The data translated using Established equivalent & Borrowing (Pure borrowing) technique Table 4.12 The data translated using Established equivalent & Borrowing (Naturalized borrowing) technique Table 4.13 The data translated using Literal translation & Borrowing (Naturalized borrowing) technique Table 4.14 The Classification of Translation Accuracy Table 4.15 The Classification of Translation Acceptability Table 4.16 The Influence of Translation Technique to Translation Quality xii

13 ABSTRACT Hermanto. C An Analysis of Translation Techniques of Physical Terms into Indonesian in the Science Book Science Activities Heat and Energy Volume 4. Thesis: English Department, Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts. Sebelas Maret University This research focuses on the analysis of physical terms translation in the science book entitled Science Activities Heat and Energy Volume 4. The purposes of this research are (1) to find out the types of translation techniques applied by the translator in translating the physical terms, (2) to describe how the translation techniques influence the translation quality in terms of accuracy and acceptability. This research applied a descriptive qualitative method. A purposive sampling technique was employed in this research to analyze the data based on the researcher s criteria. The data are all physical terms found in the science book Science Activities Heat and Energy Volume 4. The total data of the physical terms found are 151 data. The other data were taken from a close and open-ended questionnaires assessed by three raters. The analysis on the translation techniques shows that there are thirteen types of techniques applied by translator in translating the physical terms in the science book Science Activities Heat and Energy Volume 4. They are borrowing 48 data (31.79 %), calque 1 datum (0.66 %), calque & borrowing 3 data (1.99 %), modulation 1 datum (0.66 %), description 2 data (1.32 %), established equivalent 59 data (39.07 %), particularization 1 datum (0.66 %), linguistic amplification 1 datum (0.66 %), literal translation 9 data (5.96 %), transposition 3 data (1.99 %), established equivalent & borrowing (pure borrowing) 1 datum (0.66 %), established equivalent & borrowing (naturalized borrowing) 2 data (1.32 %), literal translation & borrowing (naturalized borrowing) 20 data (13.25 %). The analysis on the translation accuracy shows that 131 data (86.75 %) from the total data are accurate, 20 data (13.25 %) are less accurate and no datum is inaccurate. The analysis on the translation acceptability shows that 141 data (93.38 %) are acceptable, 10 data (6.62 %) are less acceptable and no datum is unacceptable. The techniques resulting translation with high level of accuracy are established equivalent & borrowing and the technique resulting translation with low level of accuracy is transposition. The techniques resulting translation with high level acceptability are established equivalent and borrowing, and the technique resulting translation with low level acceptability is literal translation & borrowing (naturalized borrowing). xiii