b. How is the distribution of steel and iron industry influenced by coal?

Transcription

1 Industry: Key Issue 1 Where Did Industry Originate? Rubenstein, THE INDUSTRIAL REVOUTION 1. Regarding the Industrial Revolution: What? Where? When? 2. Cottage Industry: Industry before the Industrial Revolution was widespread, rather than strongly localized (clustered) and was known as cottage industry. Define this term. The invention most important to the development of factories was the. Invented by. DIFFUSION OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 3. How did steam power transform industry? 4. Iron Industry: How did the iron industry benefit from the steam engine? 5. Coal: a. define coke: b. How is the distribution of steel and iron industry influenced by coal? 6. Transportation: a. What two forms of transportation grew rapidly? b. Why was development in transportation necessary? 7. Textiles: a. How was the industry transformed to a factory system in the late 18 th century? 1

2 8. Chemicals: a. Why was this industry created? 9. Food Processing: a. How did the industrial revolution and factory system contribute to the growth of food processing? 9. MAP 1: (p. 347) Indicate the industrial areas in Europe (Western and Eastern) on the map below. 2

3 10. MAP 2: (p. 348) Indicate the industrial areas in North America on the map below. 11. MAP 3: (p. 349) Indicate the industrial areas of East Asia on the map below. 1. Why do you think the distribution of industry on the planet dramatically different to that of agriculture? 3

4 Industry: Key Issue 2 Why are Situation Factors Important? Rubenstein, pp Define Situation Factors? PROXIMITY TO INPUTS: - What is a bulk reducing industry? 2. C O P P E R I N D U S T R Y a. Make a brief flowchart to illustrate how copper is an example of a bulk-reducing industry. b. How does energy play a role in the siting of copper mils? 3. S T E E L M I L L S The text describes the changing location of steel mills in the US. Explain why each location was preferred. A. Pittsburgh, southwestern Pennsylvania B. locations around southern shore of Lake Erie C. Southern Lake Michigan (Gary, Indiana and Chicago) D. East and West Coasts (Trenton, NJ and Los Angeles CA) E. Current production - Why are the newest steel mills (minimills) beginning to move closer to markets and away from inputs? PROXIMITY TO MARKETS a. What is a bulk-gaining industry? 4

5 b. Give two examples of these industries. i. ii. SINGLE MARKET MANUFACTURERS a. Single Market manufacturers are manufacturers with only or customers. b. Describe one example of this phenomenon. PERISHABLE PRODUCTS A. List examples of perishable products that must be located near their markets. 4. Give reasons for which each of the following modes of transportation might be selected by a manufacturer to deliver their products to market. TRUCKS TRAINS SHIPS AIR 5. What is a break-of-bulk point? (a) What happens to costs at these points? (b) Give two examples of important break-of-bulk points. i. ii. 5

6 Industry: Key Issue 3 Why are Site Factors Important? Rubenstein, pp What are the three production cost factors associated with the site of an industry? (Memorize them.) LABOR 2. Define: labor intensive industry 3. Define textiles: 4. List 5 facts about the TEXTILE INDUSTRY worldwide: a. b. c. d. e. 5. Fill in this flowchart to depict facts about SPINNING, WEAVING, and ASSEMBLY as they relate to the textile industry. LAND - RURAL SITES a. Why did cities used to be attractive locations for factories? 6

7 b. What is the most efficient lay-out for a contemporary factory? c. Why have many factories moved to areas OUTSIDE of cities? - ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS a. Industries may be attracted to specific parcels of land that are. b. How does electricity play a role in where industry is located? c. How does the aluminum industry choose where to locate factories? CAPITAL 5. What is CAPITAL??? 6. How do manufacturers typically get the money to establish new factories or expand existing ones? 7. What two industries are located where they are primarily because of access to capital? 8. How does capital limit industry in many LDCs? 7

8 Industry: Key Issue 4 Why Are Location Factors Changing? Rubenstein, pp ATTRACTION OF NEW INDUSTRIAL REGIONS INTERREGIONAL SHIFTS IN THE UNITED STATES 1. What is the site factor that is changing especially dramatically? 2. Explain the shift in manufacturing jobs in the US between 1950 and today. 3. What are right to work laws? 4. How have these laws influenced the distribution of industry? 5. What has been the recent trend in the textile industry as far as location? 6. Within the US, where has textile production moved? Why the move? 7. Where has industry moved to in Europe? INTERREGIONAL SHIFTS IN EUROPE 8. Which European country has experienced the MOST manufacturing growth? INTERNATIONAL SHIFTS IN INDUSTRY 9. Make notes in the chart below on the shifts in industry in the following regions: EAST ASIA SOUTH ASIA LATIN AMERICA 8

9 10. Sketch two simple pie graphs below showing global steel production for 1980 and One for LDCs and one for MDCs. 11. Use the maps on page 364 to complete the chart below. CHANGE IN STEEL PRODUCTION: Countries which DECREASED the most Countries which INCREASED the most OUTSOURCING 12. Who has been especially aggressive in using low-cost LDC labor? 13. What is the new international division of labor? 14. What is outsourcing? 15. How different are wages in MDCs and LDCs? Give specific countries and dollar amounts. (figure 11-27) 9

10 RENEWED ATTRACTION OF TRADITIONAL INDUSTRIAL REGIONS 16. What two factors influence industry to locate in traditional regions? Give two examples of industries that need skilled labor: 18. What is the Fordist approach to production? 19. What is the post-fordist approach to production? 20. Use the chart to outline post-fordist work rules: TEAMS Problem Solving Leveling 21. What is just-in-time delivery? JUST-IN-TIME DELIVERY 22. What to benefits are there to manufacturers who operate just-in-time? 23. Which two kinds of disruptions can occur with just-in-time delivery?