DRAFT MALAYSIAN MTIB15TC1042R1 STANDARD

Transcription

1 DRAFT MALAYSIAN MTIB15TC1042R1 STANDARD STAGE: PUBLIC COMMENT (40.20) DATE: 25/5/ /7/2017 Dressed timber, door jambs and general mouldings - Specification ICS: Descriptors:Dressed timber, door jambs, general mouldings, specification Copyright 2017 DEPARTMENT OF STANDARDS MALAYSIA

2

3 Contents Page Committee representation ii Foreword iii Introduction iv 1. Scope Normative references Terms and definitions 1 4. Dimensional characteristic 3 5. Timber Moisture content Quality control Grading requirements Storage. 5 Annex A Grading requirements for dressed timber, door jambs and general mouldings 6 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved i

4 Committee representation The Industry Standards Committee on Timber, Timber Products and Timber Structures, under whose authority this Malaysian Standard was developed, comprises representatives from the following organisations: Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia Department of Standards Malaysia Forest Research Institute Malaysia Institution of Engineers, Malaysia Jabatan Kerajaan Tempatan Jabatan Kerja Raya Malaysia Malaysian Furniture Promotion Council Malaysian Panel-Products Manufacturers Association Malaysian Timber Council Malaysian Timber Industry Board (Secretariat) Malaysian Wood Industries Association Malaysian Wood Moulding & Joinery Council Malaysian Wood Preserving Association Sabah Timber Industries Association Sarawak Timber Association Sarawak Timber Industry Development Corporation Timber Exporters Association of Malaysia Universiti Putra Malaysia The Technical Committee on Timber which supervised the development of this Malaysian Standard consists of representatives from the following organisations: Association of Malaysian Bumiputera Timber and Furniture Entrepreneurs Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia Forestry Department Peninsular Malaysia Forest Research Institute Malaysia Golden Pharos Berhad Jabatan Kerja Raya Malaysia Malayan Adhesives and Chemical SdnBhd Malaysian Timber Council Malaysian Timber Certification Council Malaysian Wood Industries Association Malaysian Timber Industry Board (Secretariat) Malaysian Wood Moulding and Joinery Council Malaysian Wood Preserving Association Sarawak Timber Association Sabah Timber Industries Association Sarawak Timber Industry Development Corporation Timber Exporter s Association of Malaysia Universiti Putra Malaysia UniversitiTeknologi MARA The Working Group on Dressed Timber, Door Jambs and General Mouldings which developed this Malaysian Standard consists of representatives from the following organisations: Forest Research Institute Malaysia Malaysian Timber Industry Board (Secretariat) Malaysian Wood Moulding and Joinery Council Universiti Putra Malaysia UniversitiTeknologi MARA STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved ii

5 Foreword This Malaysian Standard was developed by the Working Group on Dressed Timber, Door Jambs and General Mouldings under the authority of the Industry Standards Committee on Timber, Timber Products and Timber Structures Major modifications in this revision are as follows: a. incorporation of new scope on plantation timbers ; b. incorporation of new clauses on normative references, terms and definition, dimensional characteristic, timber, moisture content, quality control and storage ; c. removal of definitions; and d. incorporation of an annex on grading for dressed timber, door jambs and general mouldings. This Malaysian Standard cancels and replaces MS 1401:1996, Specification for dressed timber, door jambs and general mouldings. Compliance with a Malaysian Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligation. STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved iii

6 Introduction The regions of tropical hardwoods growth bridge countries and continents. The purpose of grades is to maintain a standard between mills manufacturing the same or similar species regardless of the character of the logs from which they are produced. The timber products which quality levels are specifically addressed in these grading rules include dressed timber, door jambs and general mouldings. Quality levels based upon intended use was the basis of establishing grading requirements. This permits sawn timber or timber products of a given grade to be used for the same purpose, regardless of the mill of origin. Uniform grades also provide the buyers and sellers of timber products with a measure by which they can be confident and/or understands the grade(s) under consideration. STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved iv

7 Dressed timber, door jambs and general mouldings - Specification 1 Scope This Malaysian Standard describes the grading requirements applicable to dressed timber, door jambs and general mouldings of premium, standard and utility grade manufactured from tropical hardwoods and plantation timbers. 2 Normative references The following normative references are indispensable for the application of this standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative references (including any amendments) applies. MS 229:2009, Nomenclature and common uses of Malaysian Timbers MS 360, Treatment of timber with copper/chrome/arsenic wood preservative - Specification (Third revision) MS 471-1:2001Glossary of terms relating to timber and wood-based panel products - Part 1: Characteristics and properties of timber (First revision) MS 837, Solid timber - Determination of moisture content (First revision) ISO 9001, Certification for quality management systems Tropical Hardwood Machined Lumber Products Grading Rules, September Terms and definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following terms and definitions given in MS and the followings apply. 3.1 decay Incudes wet rot and dry rot; it is the disintegration of wood resulting from the action of wooddestroying fungi. It is usually accompanied by discolouration even in the early stages of attack. NOTE. Infection by sap-stain fungi is not classed as decay. 1 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

8 3.2 door jambs The vertical member of the door frame in which a door is secured. Pre-assembled timber structure, surrounding and supporting a door whether installed prior to the erection of the wall or subsequently fixed to fit a given wall opening. It comprises two jambs, a header and sometimes a transom and/or a threshold, either machined from solid stock or with a planted doorstop. 3.3 dressed timber Sawn timber planed on one or more surfaces; also known as wrought timber; D4S dressed four sides, i.e. on two faces and two edges; D3S dressed three sides, i.e. on two faces and one edge; D2S dressed two sides, i.e. on two faces only; D1S dressed one side, i.e. on one face only 3.4 general mouldings These include sawn timber which have been dressed to S4S and shaped to a profile that is no longer square or rectangular in shape. General mouldings regardless of shape or profiles are commonly manufactured to random length as well as to sets or fixed length. Cut-to-length shall be graded as entirely usable. 3.5 plantation timbers Timber obtained from forest-or timber plantations or planted timber. 3.6 premium grade This grade is ordered when the ultimate in fine appearance is desired. It is the highest grade produced and many of the pieces are absolutely clear and free of natural and machining defects. The grade will allow for a few minor characteristics that do not detract from their appearance and high quality. It is intended where a clear non-stain finish may be required. 3.7 standard grade This grade is ordered when less demanding applications than premium grade is acceptable. It will include pieces that are repaired by plugging, filling, or sanding, or include natural or machining characteristics that are acceptable for a fine appearance. This grade is intended for use where the products may be colour stained in finish than provided for in premium grade. 3.8 surfaced four sides (S4S) These include timbers dressed or machine by the use of a planer or moulder to give a smooth surface on four sides. 3.9 tropical hardwoods All sawn hardwood timbers that grown in Malaysia and in regions with a similar climate. STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 2

9 3.10 utility grade This grade has many of the same characteristics present in standard grade but generally is less restrictive in natural and machining characteristics. The product however must be able to perform for the intended use. The grade is intended for lower end applications with an acceptable product quality. Filling and sanding of characteristics is permitted to provide a quality suitable for opaque paint finishes. 4 Dimensional characteristic Dimensional characteristics of dressed timber, door jambs and general mouldings shall be in accordance with those defines in the product standard, to which the product belongs. All dimensions given shall be at reference moisture content in accordance with Clause 6. Unless there is evidence to the contrary, it shall be assumed that the thickness and width of a piece of timber increases or decreases by 0.25 % for every 1 % of moisture content above or below the reference. 5 Timber 5.1 Species A list of the most commonly used, but not limited to, species for dressed timber, door jambs and general mouldings is described in Table 1, MS 229: Grade The timber shall be free from decay and insect attack on better face except as listed in Tables A1, A2 and A3. Colour variation in timber shall be permitted. 5.3 Treatment Preservative treatment of tropical hardwood shall be carried out in accordance MS 360. For plantation timbers, other treatment method may be applied provided that methods of treatment and chemical used are recorded. Preservative treatment shall be carried out prior to delivery of dressed timber, door jambs and general mouldings to the site. Any treated products that undergo subsequent cutting, shall be applied with preservative and then allowed to dry. 3 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

10 5.4 Defect - drying and machining defects Drying and machining defects as defined in MS 471-1:2001 shall be permitted according to Annex A in this standard. 6 Moisture content Dressed timber, door jambs and general mouldings shall be protected to minimize the dimensional changes due to the fluctuation of equilibrium moisture content or physical damage which can reduce their durability or structural strength prior to installation. The moisture content shall be of 12 % ± 2 % at the time of delivery of the products to building site. The methods of determining the moisture content shall be in accordance with MS 837. During installation, care shall be taken on the building site to ensure that dressed timber, door jambs and general mouldings are supplied in dry condition is adequately protected from weather. 7 Quality control 7.1 General The manufacturer shall establish document and maintain a factory production control system to ensure that the products placed on the market conform to the stated performance characteristics. The factory production control system shall consist of procedures, regular inspections and test and/or assessments; the results shall be used to control raw and other incoming materials or components, equipment, the production process and the product, and shall be sufficiently detailed to ensure that conformity of the product is apparent. If the manufacturer operates a factory production control system conforming to the requirements of ISO 9001, and made specific to the requirements of this standard, the above requirements are considered to be satisfied. 7.2 Record of documentation The results of inspections, tests or assessments requiring action shall be recorded, as shall any action taken. The action to be taken when control values or criteria have not been met shall be recorded. Records shall be kept for at least two years, but shall also fulfill the regulatory system and/or the legal requirements of the country concerned. 8 Grading requirements Dressed timber, door jambs and general mouldings shall be graded to premium, standard and utility grade in accordance with Annex A. STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 4

11 For the products made from plantation timbers, the grading requirements defined in Tables A1, A2 and A3 are not applicable and shall be made to their respective grading rules. 9 Storage Dressed timber, door jambs and general mouldings shall be delivered to the site under proper protection and stored under closed environment and dry conditions. During storage, the products shall be properly stacked accordingly. 5 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

12 Annex A (normative) Grading for dressed timber, door jambs and general mouldings A1 Grading for dressed timber, door jambs and general mouldings is carried out in accordance with Tropical Hardwood Machined Lumber Products Grading Rules. A2 Table A1 provides grading requirements for dressed timber. Table A1 Grading fordressed timber Natural characteristic Grade Premium Standard Utility Allowable natural characteristics on better face 1 Warp 1.1 Bow 1 Not exceeding 38 mm in every mm length. Bow for other lengths in direct proportion to this requirement. 1.2 Crook (spring) Not exceeding 13 mm in mm length for set length and for random length allowed within reasonable limit. Not exceeding 19 mm in mm length for set length and for random length allowed within reasonable limit. Not exceeding 25 mm in mm length for set length and for random length allowed within reasonable limit. STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 6

13 1.3 Cup a) 0.75 mm in widths less than 150 mm. b) 1.5 mm in widths greater than 150 mm but less than 250mm. c) 3 mm in widths greater than 250 mm. a) 1.5 mm in widths less than 150 mm. b) 3 mm in widths greater than 150 mm but less than 250 mm. c) 6 mm in widths greater than 250 mm. 1.4 Twist Not exceed 4mm deviation from plane in every 50 mm width in mm length. Twist for other lengths in direct proportion to this requirement. Not exceed 8mm deviation from plane in every 50 mm width in mm length. Twist for other lengths in direct proportion to this requirement. 2 Borer holes 2.1 Pin holes Based on a piece 50 mm wide, the maximum number of pin holes in the piece shall not exceed the number of mm multiples in each piece, i.e., one pin hole per every mm in length, or one pin hole per 925 cm of surface area. This is subject to the overall allowance that only one pin hole is allowed to occur in any 650 mm 2 of surface area. Horizontal pin holes are not allowed. Based on a piece 50 mm wide, the maximum number of pin holes in the piece shall not exceed the number of 300 mm multiples in each piece, i.e., one pin hole per every 300 mm in length, or six pin hole per 925 cm of surface area. This is subject to the overall allowance that only one pin hole is allowed to occur in any 650 mm 2 of surface area. However up to 5 % of the total number of pieces in any parcel can include lightly scattered pin holes without clusters, i.e., not more than 3 pin hole per 650 mm 2 of surface area. Horizontal pin holes shall be repaired. Scattered pin holes are allowed provided they are neither so numerous nor so grouped as to materially affect the appearance of the piece. 7 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

14 2.2 Shot holes Not allowed Limit shall be on the basis of width and for every mm length supplied. Shot holes shall be unstained, scattered and repaired. Scattered shot holes, whether stained or unstained, allowed if plugged or filled and smooth sanded. maximum number mm 25 mm & below 1 hole 26 mm - 75 mm 2 holes 76 mm mm 4 holes 153 mm mm 6 holes The limits on pieces measuring mm and below but forming part of the random length parcel supplied, shall be determined on proportionate basis. 2.3 Grub or large borer holes Not allowed Not allowed Not allowed 4 Resin pockets Based on a piece 50 mm by mm (approximately 925 cm 2 of surface are), maximum one very small resin pockets not exceeding 3 mm wide and 50 mm long in each piece. This is subject their occurrence does not exceed 5 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. Based on a piece 50 mm by mm (approximately 925 cm 2 of surface are), maximum two very small resin pockets not exceeding 3 mm wide and 50mm long in each piece well filled and sanded. This is subject their occurrence does not exceed 5 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. Based on a piece 50 mm by mm (approximately 925 cm 2 of surface are), maximum two medium resin pockets not exceeding 3 mm wide and 200 mm long in each piece well filled and sanded. This is subject their occurrence does not exceed 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. 5 Knots STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 8

15 5.1 Sound knots Maximum 2 smooth machined knots, or their equivalent smaller, the sum of their diameters not exceeding 1/8 the width to every length of mm supplied. Maximum 2 smooth machined knots, or their equivalent smaller, the sum of their diameters not exceeding 1/4 the width to every length of mm supplied. Checked knots to be filled and sanded. Maximum 2 smooth machined knots, or their equivalent smaller, the sum of their diameters not exceeding 1/3 the width to every length of mm supplied. Checked knots to be filled and sanded. 5.2 Unsound knots Not allowed Not allowed Maximum 2 smooth machined knots, or their equivalent smaller, the sum of their diameters not exceeding 1/3 the width to every length of mm supplied. Checked knots to be filled and sanded. Not allowed Maximum one compression failure to 6 Compression failure 2 every 900 mm of length and subject that no one compression failure shall be allowed to exceed 1/3 the width of the piece supplied. Maximum two compression failure to every 900 mm of length and subject that no one compression failure shall be allowed to exceed 1/3 the width of the piece supplied. 7 Brittle heart Not allowed Not allowed Allowed in any amount, provided it does not impair strength. 8 Checks Based on a piece 50 mm by mm (approximately 925 cm 2 of surface area), one check is allowed if it does not extend to the opposite face and subject to size limit of 0.75 mm in width and 150 mm in length and their occurrence does not exceed 5 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. Based on a piece 50 mm by mm (approximately 925 cm 2 of surface area), one check is allowed if it does not extend to the opposite face and subject to size limit of 0.75 mm in width and 150 mm in length and their occurrence does not exceed 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. Based on a piece 50 mm by mm (approximately 925 cm 2 of surface area), one check is allowed if it does not extend to the opposite face and subject to size limit of 1.5 mm in width and 300 mm in length and their occurrence does not exceed 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. 9 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

16 9 Splits Allowed if the length of the split does not exceed the width of the piece, and their occurrence does not exceed 5 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. Splits are not allowed in cut-to-length items. 10 Sapwood Bright sapwood allowed without limitation. Medium stained sapwood limited to 1/6 the surface of the face, and provided their occurrence does not exceed 5 % of the pieces. Heavy stained sapwood is not allowed. Allowed if the length of the split does not exceed the width of the piece, and their occurrence does not exceed 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. Splits are not allowed in cut-to-length items. Medium stained sapwood allowed without limitation. Allowed if the length of the split does not exceed twice the width of the piece, and their occurrence does not exceed 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. Splits cannot exceed 1/6 the length of the piece. Splits are not allowed in cut-to-length items. Bright sapwood or stained sapwood not restricted. Allowable machine defects on face 11 Skips Allowed on face and either of the two edges provided they are light enough to allow sanding to remove traces of skip marks. Skip shall however be limited in size to : Allowed on face and either of the two edges provided they are light enough to allow sanding to remove traces of skip marks. Skip shall however be limited in size to : Allowed on face and either of the two edges provided they are light enough to allow sanding to remove traces of skip marks. Skip shall however be limited in size to : On face : 0.75 mm deep and 150 mm long. On face : 0.75 mm deep and 300 mm long. On face : 1.5 mm deep and 300 mm long. On edge : 0.75 mm deep and 300 mm long and their occurrence shall not exceed 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. On edge : 0.75 mm deep and 600 mm long and their occurrence shall not exceed 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. On edge : 1.5 mm deep and 600 mm long and their occurrence shall not exceed 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 10

17 12 Chipped grain Allowed if occurrence does not exceed 10 % of the surface of the piece in 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. Allowed if occurrence does not exceed 20 % of the surface of the piece. No restrictions. 13 Torn grain Allowed if not exceeding 0.75mm deep and not impairing the appearance of at least 85 % of the exposed surface. Their occurrence shall not exceed 5 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. 14 Raised grain Allowed if 1mm deep, not to exceed 5 % of the pieces. 15 Chip marks Allowed if not exceeding 0.4 mm deep and subject to their occurrence does not exceed 5 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. 16 Burn marks In mm and longer pieces one per piece is allowed, but burn marks may not occur in more than 3 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. Burn marks are not allowed in lengths shorter than mm. 17 Cutter marks Even and smooth to touch and not less than 10 cutter marks per 25 mm. 1) Bow is not applicable to this standard. 2) Compression failure is not applicable to this standard. Allowed if not exceeding 0.75 mm deep and not impairing the appearance of at least 85 % of the exposed surface. Their occurrence shall not exceed 15 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. Allowed if 1mm deep, not to exceed 10 % of the pieces. Allowed if not exceeding 0.4 mm deep and subject to their occurrence does not exceed 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. In mm and longer pieces one per piece is allowed, but burn marks may not occur in more than 5 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. Burn marks are not allowed in lengths shorter than mm. Allowed if not exceeding 1.5 mm deep and not impairing the appearance of at least 85 % of the exposed surface. Their occurrence shall not exceed 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. Allowed if 1.5 mm deep. Allowed if not exceeding 0.75 mm deep. Allowed, provided non-indented. 11 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

18 A3 Table A2 provides grading requirements for door jambs. Table A2 Grading for door jambs Natural characteristic Grade Premium Standard Utility Allowable natural characteristics on better face 1 Warp 1.1 Bow 1 Not exceeding 25 mm in every mm length. 1.2 Crook (spring) Not exceeding 3 mm in mm length. 1.3 Cup Not exceeding 0.75 mm in 125 mm width or less, or not exceeding 1.5 mm in widths greater than 125 mm. 1.4 Twist Not exceed 4 mm deviation from plane in every 125 mm width in mm length. Twist for other lengths in direct proportion to this requirement. 2 Borer holes STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 12

19 2.1 Pin holes Base on a 125 mm nominal wide jamb, the maximum number of pin holes in the jamb shall not exceed three times the number of mm multiples in each jamb, i.e., three pin hole per every mm in length, or approximately one pin hole per 925 cm of surface area. This is subject to the overall allowance that only one pin hole is allowed to occur in any 650 mm 2 of surface area. Horizontal pin holes are not allowed. Base on a 125 mm nominal wide jamb, the maximum number of pin holes in the piece shall not exceed three times the number of running 300 mm multiples in each jamb, i.e., three pin hole per every 300 mm in length. This is subject to the overall allowance that only two pin hole is allowed to occur in any 650 mm 2 of surface area. However up to 5 % of the total number of pieces in any parcel can include lightly scattered pin holes without clusters, i.e., not more than 3 pin holes per 650 mm 2 of surface area Horizontal pin holes are not allowed. 2.2 Shot holes Not allowed Limit shall be on the basis of width and for every mm length supplied. Shot holes shall be unstained, scattered and repaired and not occur in more than 20 % of the pieces. Scattered pin holes are allowed provided they are neither so numerous nor so grouped as to materially affect the appearance of the piece. Scattered shot holes, whether stained or unstained, allowed if plugged or filled and smooth sanded. maximum number 1,220 mm 25 mm & below 1 hole 26 mm - 75 mm 2 holes 76 mm mm 4 holes 153 mm mm 6 holes The limits on pieces measuring mm and below shall be determined on proportionate basis. 13 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

20 2.3 Grub or Not allowed Not allowed Not allowed large borer holes 4 Resin pockets Not allowed Based on a jamb 50 mm by mm (approximately 925 cm 2 of surface are), maximum two very small resin pockets not exceeding 3 mm wide and 50 mm long in each piece well filled and sanded. This is subject their occurrence does not exceed 5 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. Based on a jamb 50 mm by mm (approximately 925 cm 2 of surface are), maximum two medium resin pockets not exceeding 3 mm wide and 200 mm long in each piece well filled and sanded. This is subject their occurrence does not exceed 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. 5 Knots 5.1 Sound knots Maximum 2 smooth machined knots, or their equivalent smaller, the sum of their diameters not exceeding 1/8 the width to every length of mm supplied. Maximum 2 smooth machined knots, or their equivalent smaller, the sum of their diameters not exceeding 1/4 the width to every length of mm supplied. Checked knots to be filled and sanded. Maximum 2 smooth machined knots, or their equivalent smaller, the sum of their diameters not exceeding 1/3 the width to every length of mm supplied. Checked knots to be filled and sanded. 5.2 Unsound knots Not allowed Not allowed Maximum 2 smooth machined knots, or their equivalent smaller, the sum of their diameters not exceeding 1/4 the width to every length of mm supplied. The unsound proportion must be removed and then filled and smooth sanded. Not allowed Maximum one compression failure to 6 Compression failure 2 every 900 mm of length and subject that no one compression failure shall be allowed to exceed 1/3 the width of the piece supplied. Maximum two compression failure to every 900 mm of length and subject that no one compression failure shall be allowed to exceed 1/3 the width of the piece supplied. STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 14

21 7 Brittle heart Not allowed Not allowed Allowed in any amount, provided it does not impair strength. 8 Checks Based on jamb 50 mm by mm (approximately 925 cm 2 of surface area), one check is allowed if it does not extend to the opposite face and subject to size Based on a jamb 50 mm by mm (approximately 925 cm 2 of surface area), one check is allowed if it does not extend to the opposite face and subject to size Based on a jamb 50 mm by mm (approximately 925 cm 2 of surface area), one check is allowed if it does not extend to the opposite face and limit of 0.75 mm in width and 150 mm in length and their occurrence does not exceed 5 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. limit of 0.75 mm in width and 150 mm subject to size limit of 1.5 mm in in length and their occurrence does not exceed 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. 9 Splits Not allowed Not allowed Not allowed 10 Sapwood Bright sapwood allowed without limitation. Medium stained sapwood limited to 1/6 the surface of the face, and provided their occurrence does not exceed 5 % of the pieces. Heavy stained sapwood is not allowed. Allowable machine defects on face Medium stained sapwood allowed without limitation. width and 300 mm in length and their occurrence does not exceed 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. Bright sapwood or stained sapwood not restricted. 11 Skips Allowed on face and either of the two edges provided they are light enough to allow sanding to remove traces of skip marks. After sanding there should be on area over 0.75 mm scant. Skip shall however be limited in size to : On face : 0.75 mm deep and 150 mm long. Allowed on face and either of the two edges provided they are light enough to allow sanding to remove traces of skip marks. After sanding there should be on area over 0.75 mm scant. Skip shall however be limited in size to : On face : 0.75 mm deep and 150 mm long. Allowed on face and either of the two edges provided they are light enough to allow sanding to remove traces of skip marks. After sanding there should be no area over 0.75 mm scant. Skip shall however be limited in size to : On face : 1.5 mm deep and 150 mm long. 15 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

22 On edge : 0.75 mm deep and 300 mm long and their occurrence shall not exceed 5 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. 12 Chipped grain Allowed if occurrence does not exceed 10 % of the surface of the piece in 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. 13 Torn grain Allowed if not exceeding 0.75 mm deep and not impairing the appearance of at least 90 % of the exposed surface. Their occurrence shall not exceed 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. 14 Raised grain Allowed if sufficiently light to allow removal by casual sanding. On edge : 0.75 mm deep and 300mm long and their occurrence shall not exceed 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. Allowed if occurrence does not exceed 10 % of the surface of the piece. Allowed if not exceeding 0.75 mm deep and not impairing the appearance of at least 90 % of the exposed surface. Their occurrence shall not exceed 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. Allowed if sufficiently light to allow removal by casual sanding. On edge : 1.5 mm deep and 300 mm long and their occurrence shall not exceed 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. No restrictions. Allowed if not exceeding 1.5 mm deep and not impairing the appearance of at least 90 % of the exposed surface. Their occurrence shall not exceed 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. Allowed if 1.5 mm deep. 15 Chip marks Allowed if not exceeding 0.4 mm deep and subject to their occurrence does not exceed 5 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. Allowed if not exceeding 0.4 mm deep and subject to their occurrence does not exceed 5 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. 16 Burn marks Not allowed One per piece and not exceeding 3% of the parcel or unit of delivery. 17 Cutter marks Even and smooth to touch and not less than 10 cutter marks per 25 mm. Allowed if not exceeding 0.5 mm deep and subject to their occurrence does not exceed 5 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. Allowed, provided non-indented. 1) Bow is not applicable to this standard. 2) Compression failure is not applicable to this standard. STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 16

23 A4 Table A3 provides grading requirements for general mouldings. Table A3 Grading for general mouldings Grade Natural characteristic Premium Standard Utility Allowable natural characteristics on better face 1 Warp 1.1 Bow 1 Not exceeding 38 mm in every mm length. Bow for other lengths in direct proportion to this requirement. 1.2 Crook (spring) Not exceeding 19 mm in mm length for set length and for random length allowed within reasonable limit. 1.3 Cup Not exceeding 1.5 mm in every 150 mm width (nominal. 1.4 Twist Not exceed 4mm deviation from plane in every 50 mm width in mm length. Twist for other lengths in direct proportion to this requirement. 2 Borer holes 2.1 Pin holes Base on a piece 50 mm wide, the maximum number of pin holes in the piece shall not exceed the number of mm multiples in each mouldings, i.e., one Base on a piece 50 mm wide, the maximum number of pin holes in the piece shall not exceed the number of 300 mm multiples in each mouldings, i.e., one Not exceed 8 mm deviation from plane in every 50 mm width in mm length. Twist for other lengths in direct proportion to this requirement. Scattered pin holes are allowed provided they are neither so numerous nor so grouped as to materially affect the appearance of the piece. 17 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

24 pin hole per every mm in length, or one pin hole per 925 cm of surface area. This is subject to the overall allowance that only one pin hole is allowed to occur in any 650 mm 2 of surface area. Horizontal pin holes are not allowed. pin hole per every 300 mm in length, or six pin hole per 925 cm of surface area. This is subject to the overall allowance that only one pin hole is allowed to occur in any 650 mm 2 of surface area. However up to 5 % of the total number of pieces in any parcel can include lightly scattered pin holes without clusters, i.e., not more than 3 pin hole per 650 mm 2 of surface area. Horizontal pin holes shall be repaired. 2.2 Shot holes Not allowed Limit shall be on the basis of width and for every mm length supplied. Shot holes shall be unstained, scattered and repaired and not occur in more than 20 % of the pieces. Scattered shot holes, whether stained or unstained, allowed if plugged or filled and smooth sanded. maximum number 1,220 mm 25 mm & below 1 hole 26 mm - 75 mm 2 holes 76 mm mm 4 holes 153 mm mm 6 holes The limits on pieces measuring mm and below but forming part of the random length parcel supplied, shall be determined on proportionate basis. STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 18

25 2.3 Grub or Not allowed Not allowed Not allowed large borer holes 4 Resin pockets Not allowed Based on a piece 50 mm by mm (approximately 925 cm 2 of surface are), maximum two very small resin pockets not exceeding 3 mm wide and 50 mm long in each piece well filled and sanded. This is subject their occurrence does not exceed 5 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. Based on a piece 50 mm by mm (approximately 925 cm 2 of surface are), maximum two medium resin pockets not exceeding 3 mm wide and 200 mm long in each piece well filled and sanded. This is subject their occurrence does not exceed 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. 5 Knots 5.1 Sound knots Maximum 2 smooth machined knots, or their equivalent smaller, the sum of their diameters not exceeding 1/8 the width to every length of mm supplied. Maximum 2 smooth machined knots, or their equivalent smaller, the sum of their diameters not exceeding 1/4 the width to every length of mm supplied. Checked knots to be filled and sanded. Maximum 2 smooth machined knots, or their equivalent smaller, the sum of their diameters not exceeding 1/3 the width to every length of mm supplied. Checked knots to be filled and sanded. 5.2 Unsound knots Not allowed Not allowed Maximum 2 smooth machined knots, or their equivalent smaller, the sum of their diameters not exceeding 1/3 the width to every length of mm supplied. Checked knots to be filled and sanded. Not allowed Maximum one compression failure to 6 Compression failure 2 every 900 mm of length and subject that no one compression failure shall be allowed to exceed 1/3 the width of the piece supplied. Maximum two compression failure to every 900mm of length and subject that no one compression failure shall be allowed to exceed 1/3 the width of the piece supplied. 19 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

26 7 Brittle heart Not allowed Not allowed Allowed in any amount, provided it does not impair strength. 8 Checks Based on a piece 50 mm by mm (approximately 925 cm 2 of surface area), one check is allowed if it does not extend to the opposite face and subject to size limit of 0.75 mm in width and 150 mm in length and their occurrence does not exceed 5 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. Based on a piece 50 mm by mm (approximately 925 cm 2 of surface area), one check is allowed if it does not extend to the opposite face and subject to size limit of 0.75 mm in width and 150 mm in length and their occurrence does not exceed 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. Based on a piece 50 mm by mm (approximately 925 cm 2 of surface area), one check is allowed if it does not extend to the opposite face and subject to size limit of 1.5 mm in width and 300 mm in length and their occurrence does not exceed 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. 9 Splits Allowed if the length of the split does not exceed the width of the piece, and their occurrence does not exceed 5 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. Splits are not allowed in cut-to-length items. 10 Sapwood Bright sapwood allowed without limitation. Medium stained sapwood limited to 1/6 the surface of the face, and provided their occurrence does not exceed 5 % of the pieces. Heavy stained sapwood is not allowed. Allowed if the length of the split does not exceed the width of the piece, and their occurrence does not exceed 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. Splits are not allowed in cut-to-length items. Medium stained sapwood allowed without limitation. Allowed if the length of the split does not exceed twice the width of the piece, and their occurrence does not exceed 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. Splits cannot exceed 1/6 the length of the piece. Splits are not allowed in cut-to-length items. Bright sapwood or stained sapwood not restricted. Allowable machine defects on face 11 Skips Allowed on face and either of the two edges provided they are light enough to allow sanding to remove traces of skip Allowed on face and either of the two edges provided they are light enough to allow sanding to remove traces of skip Allowed on face and either of the two edges provided they are light enough to allow sanding to remove traces of skip marks. After sanding there STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 20

27 marks. Skip shall however be limited in size to : On face : 0.75 mm deep and 150 mm long. On edge : 0.75 mm deep and 300 mm long and their occurrence shall not exceed 5 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. 12 Chipped grain Allowed if occurrence does not exceed 10 % of the surface of the piece in 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. 13 Torn grain Allowed if not exceeding 0.75 mm deep and not impairing the appearance of at least 90 % of the exposed surface. Their occurrence shall not exceed 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. 14 Raised grain Allowed if sufficiently light to allow removal by casual sanding. 15 Chip marks Allowed if not exceeding 0.4 mm deep and subject to their occurrence does not exceed 5 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. 16 Burn marks In mm and longer pieces one per piece is allowed, but burn marks may not occur in more than 3 % of the parcel or unit marks. Skip shall however be limited in size to : On face : 0.75 mm deep and 150 mm long. On edge : 0.75 mm deep and 300 mm long and their occurrence shall not exceed 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. Allowed if occurrence does not exceed 10 % of the surface of the piece. Allowed if not exceeding 0.75 mm deep and not impairing the appearance of at least 90 % of the exposed surface. Their occurrence shall not exceed 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. Allowed if sufficiently light to allow removal by casual sanding. Allowed if not exceeding 0.4 mm deep and subject to their occurrence does not exceed 5 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. In mm and longer pieces one per piece is allowed, but burn marks may not occur in more than 5 % of the parcel or should be no area over 1.5mm scant. Skip shall however be limited in size to : On face : 1.5 mm deep and 150 mm long. On edge : 1.5 mm deep and 300 mm long and their occurrence shall not exceed 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. No restrictions. Allowed if not exceeding 1.5 mm deep and not impairing the appearance of at least 90 % of the exposed surface. Their occurrence shall not exceed 10 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. Allowed if 1.5mm deep. Allowed if not exceeding 0.75 mm deep and subject to their occurrence does not exceed 5 % of the parcel or unit of delivery. Allowed, provided non-indented. 21 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

28 of delivery. Burn marks are not allowed in lengths shorter than mm. 17 Cutter marks Even and smooth to touch and not less than 10 cutter marks per 25 mm. 1) Bow is not applicable to this standard. 2) Compression failure is not applicable to this standard. unit of delivery. Burn marks are not allowed in lengths shorter than mm. STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved 22

29 Bibliography [1] Malaysian Grading Rules for Sawn Hardwood Timber 2009 Edition, Malaysian Timber Industry Board [2] Malaysian Grading Rules for Rubberwood, Malaysia 23 STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

30 Acknowledgements Members of Technical Committee on Timber Assoc Prof Dr MohdAriff Jamaluddin (Chairman) Ms Nor Shahira Mat Nasir (Secretary) Mejar (B) Ajlan Mohamad/ Mr Mansor Abas Mr Mohamad Razi Ahmad Mr Mohd Rahim Rani/ Mr Ahmad Jalil Jaafar Dr Gan Kee Seng/ Dr Mohamad Omar Mohamad Khaidzir Mr Mohd Adawi Ton Omar/ Mr Hilmi Awang Ir Muhammad Azman Jamrus / Ir Nor Azman Ismail Ms Rafizah Manshor@Mansor Mr Rajan Samikannoo/ Ms Sabrina Haji Mawasi Ms Lau Li Har/ Ms Ong Lay Lee Dato Chung King Tong/ Ms Pang Suet Kum Mr Leong Yue Peng/ Mr Kuppusamy Mr Low Kong Wah/ Ms Young Kam Han Dr Kho Chin Seng/ Ms Annie Ting Mr Stephen Chaw Zie Shing Mr Nicholas Andrew Lissem/ Mr Awang Mentali Awang Sulaiman Mr Wong Kar Wai/ Mr Khoo Chin Leong Prof Dr Paridah Md Tahir/ Assoc Prof Dr H ng Paik San Assoc Prof Dr Wan Mohd Nazri Wan Abdul Rahman/ Assoc Prof Dr Nor Yuziah Mohd Yunus UniversitiTeknologi MARA Malaysian Timber Industry Board (MTIB) Association of Malaysian Bumiputera Timber and Furniture Entrepreneurs Construction Industry Development Board Malaysia Forestry Department Peninsular Malaysia Forest Research Institute Malaysia Golden Pharos Berhad Jabatan Kerja Raya Malaysia Malayan Adhesives and Chemical SdnBhd Malaysian Timber Certification Council Malaysian Timber Council Malaysian Wood Industries Association Malaysian Wood Moulding and Joinery Council Malaysian Wood Preserving Association Sarawak Timber Association Sabah Timber Industries Association Sarawak Timber Industry Development Corporation Timber Exporter s Association of Malaysia Universiti Putra Malaysia UniversitiTeknologi MARA STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved

31 Members of Working Group on Dressed Timber, Door Jambs and General Mouldings Assoc Prof Dr H ng Paik San (Chairman) Ms Nor Shahira Mat Nasir / Mr Muhamad Basri Md Daud (Secretary) Dr Sik Hui Shing Ms Mahsuri Mat Dris/ Mr Jambari bin Surif/ Mr Mohider bin Mat Saleh Dr Clarence Tan Chiat Lin Dr Adlin Sabrina Muhammad Roseley Assoc Prof Dr Rohana binti Hassan Universiti Putra Malaysia Malaysian Timber Industry Board Forest Research Institure Malaysia Malaysian Timber Industry Board Malaysian Wood Moulding and Joinery Council Universiti Putra Malaysia UniversitiTeknologi MARA STANDARDS MALAYSIA All rights reserved